ES2398311A1

ES2398311A1 - Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES2398311A1
Application number: ES201130505A
Authority: ES
Inventors: Miguel Grau Calafell
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-03-31
Filing date: 2011-03-31
Publication date: 2013-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2031-03-31
Also published as: ES2398311B1

Abstract

Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions. The machine is constituted from a chassis (1) that in its front part includes oscillating arms (5) that extend in a second arms (12), provided with starting blades (16) of the onions, as well as collecting means and upward dragging of those onions, with the collaboration of a second band (6), to a platform or strip of drag (23) of the onions until reaching a hopper (26), being that platform or band of drag ( 23) located in the upper part of the chassis, while the hopper (26), with an opening and closing flap (27), opens out in front of a support (28) in which a container for packaging the onions is placed. Clean (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

MÁQUINA AUTOPROPULSADA PARA RECOLECCIÓN, CLASIFICACIÓN Y ENVASADO DE CEBOLLAS SELF-PROPELLED MACHINE FOR COLLECTION, CLASSIFICATION AND PACKING OF ONIONS

5 5

OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

1 O 15 1 or 15: La presente invención se refiere a una máquina autopropulsada de un cabezal o mas para la recolección, clasificación y envasado de cebollas, cuya evidente finalidad es recoger y/o arrancar del suelo las cebollas, así como efectuar la limpieza y clasificación de las mismas y su posterior envasado, todo ello de forma automática y controlada. La máquina es autopropulsada, aunque igualmente puede realizar su función arrastrada por un vehículo tractor. The present invention relates to a self-propelled machine with one or more heads for the collection, classification and packaging of onions, whose obvious purpose is to collect and / or tear the onions off the ground, as well as to clean and classify them and their subsequent packaging, all automatically and controlled. The machine is self-propelled, although it can also perform its function dragged by a tractor vehicle.

20 twenty: Aunque la máquina está prevista preferente y fundamentalmente para la recolección de cebollas, no se descarta su aplicación en la recogida de otros tipos de productos, como pueden ser patatas, frutas y similares que se encuentren sobre el suelo. Although the machine is preferentially and mainly for the collection of onions, its application in the collection of other types of products, such as potatoes, fruits and the like that are on the ground, is not ruled out.

ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

25 25: La recolección de determinados productos enterrados, como es el caso de las cebollas, se suele hacer tradicionalmente de forma manual, lo que supone, además de esfuerzos físicos para los operarios, costes muy elevados en mano de obra y un rendimiento muy bajo debido a la lentitud que supone la recolección manual. También debe tenerse en cuenta los The collection of certain buried products, such as onions, is traditionally done manually, which means, in addition to physical efforts for operators, very high labor costs and very low performance due to the slowness of manual collection. It should also be taken into account

largos periodos que requieren las operaciones de recolección manual, que pueden suponer serios problemas si en esos periodos largos de tiempo las inclemencias meteorológicas se vuelven en contra. long periods that require manual collection operations, which can pose serious problems if in these long periods of time the inclement weather turns against.

Para resolver ese problema, se han concebido máquinas con unas características que permiten realizar la recolección de forma directa, viéndose con ello eliminado el trabajo manual. To solve this problem, machines have been conceived with characteristics that allow the collection to be carried out directly, thereby eliminating manual labor.

Las máquinas conocidas se basan en recoger del suelo los productos, ya sean cebollas u otros, yendo mezclados con piedras, hojas y otras impurezas, de manera que las piedras y tierra caen por gravedad, separándose del producto que seguirá su trayecto de manipulación. La caída por gravedad de tierra y piedras puede dar lugar a atascos en piñones, engranes y cadenas, que constituyen parte del mecanismo de la máquina. Además, debido a que todos los componentes que participan en la manipulación, son metálicos, el roce de los productos con material metálico suele producir deterioros de los propios productos, lo que supone una pérdida importante de éstos y en consecuencia una merma del rendimiento del producto. Known machines are based on collecting products from the ground, whether onions or others, mixed with stones, leaves and other impurities, so that the stones and earth fall by gravity, separating from the product that will follow its handling path. The fall by gravity of earth and stones can lead to jams in pinions, gears and chains, which are part of the machine mechanism. In addition, because all the components involved in the handling are metallic, the rubbing of the products with metallic material tends to cause deterioration of the products themselves, which implies a significant loss of these products and consequently a decrease in the performance of the product .

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

La máquina de la invención ha sido concebida para resolver la problemática anteriormente expuesta, presentando la característica de ser propulsada, sin descartar que pueda ser arrastrada por un vehículo de tracción. Dicha máquina de la invención está prevista para recoger cualquier tipo de producto, ya sean tubérculos, hortofrutícolas u otros, aunque a lo largo de la presente descripción se va a exponer como para la
The machine of the invention has been designed to solve the above-mentioned problem, presenting the characteristic of being propelled, without ruling out that it can be dragged by a traction vehicle. Said machine of the invention is intended to collect any type of product, be they tubers, fruit and vegetable products or others, although throughout the present description it will be exposed as for the

recogida, limpieza y envasado de cebollas. collection, cleaning and packaging of onions.

Concretamente, la máquina que se precomza se constituye a partir de un chasis o bastidor en el que está establecido un puesto de conducción para un operario, presentando frontalmente unos brazos oscilantes accionables por cilindros hidráulicos para llevar a efecto los movimientos basculantes de ascenso/descenso de los mismos. Specifically, the machine that is pre-assembled is constituted from a chassis or frame in which a driving position is established for an operator, presenting oscillating arms operable frontally by hydraulic cylinders to carry out the tilting movements of ascent / descent of the same.

Estos brazos están dotados de medios para la elevación/descenso de los mismos así como de soportes con ruedas de apoyo sobre el suelo, siendo estos soportes regulables para permitir controlar el peine o "pikut" asociado a los mismos. These arms are provided with means for raising / lowering them as well as supports with support wheels on the ground, these supports being adjustable to allow controlling the comb or "pikut" associated therewith.

En esa parte delantera de la máquina van montados medios de arranque y elevación de los productos previamente recogidos del suelo, cuyos medios están constituidos por un eje de sección cuadrada y rodillos ligeramente separados entre si para permitir la caída entre ellos de las piedras, tierra y materiales similares, de manera tal que dichos rodillos giran en sentido opuesto al de avance de la máquina, estando los rodillos referidos y los demás elementos que posteriormente se describirán y que pueden entrar en contacto con los productos o cebollas, materializados o dotados de un revestimiento a base de PVC, nylon, plástico o similar, para evitar el deterioro de los productos o cebollas. In that front part of the machine there are mounted starting and lifting means of the products previously collected from the ground, whose means are constituted by an axis of square section and rollers slightly separated from each other to allow the stones, earth and similar materials, such that said rollers rotate in the opposite direction to the advance of the machine, the rollers being referred to and the other elements that will be described later and that can come into contact with the products or onions, materialized or provided with a coating Based on PVC, nylon, plastic or similar, to avoid deterioration of products or onions.

Paralelamente a tales rodillos y superpuestos en la parte de arriba se han previsto unos peines de goma o material similar, previstos en los eslabones de una cadena accionada mediante piñones oportunos, estando esos peines previstos para colaborar en el arrastre ascendente de las cebollas a través de los rodillos. Como es evidente, para conseguir que los peines actúen de retención de las cebollas, es decir para evitar que éstas
Parallel to such rollers and superimposed on top, rubber combs or similar material are provided, provided in the links of a chain driven by suitable sprockets, those combs being provided to assist in the upward drag of the onions through the rollers As is evident, to get the combs to act on the retention of onions, that is to prevent them

deslicen hacia abajo sobre los rodillos de arrastre, los peines deben girar en slide down on the drag rollers, the combs must turn in

sentido contrario a dichos rodillos. opposite direction to said rollers.

Dichos componentes correspondientes a los rodillos de arrastre y pemes, son accionados mediante un mismo sistema motriz, montado sobre los brazos oscilantes referidos en primer lugar. Said components corresponding to the drive rollers and pemes are driven by the same drive system, mounted on the oscillating arms referred to first.

En la parte supenor del chasis de la máquina, por detrás del puesto de conducción, se ha previsto una plataforma constituida por una banda dispuesta entre sendos rodillos de giro, uno de los cuales incorpora un dispositivo motriz de accionamiento para el desplazamiento de la banda, la cual recibe los productos procedentes de los rodillos y peines referidos con anterioridad y previstos en la parte anterior de la máquina, siendo transportados los productos o cebollas por la citada banda o plataforma hasta alcanzar el contenedor de envasado, previa limpieza manual o mediante criba de los materiales que constituyen las impurezas. Antes de alcanzar el contenedor de envasado, las cebollas o productos van siendo depositadas por la banda sobre una tolva, para arrastre mediante rodillos. El soporte para el contenedor de envasado es desplazable lateralmente e incluso en sentido ascendente y descendente. In the upper part of the chassis of the machine, behind the driving position, a platform is provided consisting of a band arranged between two rotating rollers, one of which incorporates a driving drive device for the movement of the belt, which receives the products from the rollers and combs referred to previously and provided in the previous part of the machine, the products or onions being transported by the said band or platform until reaching the packaging container, prior to manual cleaning or by sieving the materials that constitute impurities. Before reaching the packaging container, the onions or products are deposited by the band on a hopper, for dragging by rollers. The support for the packaging container is movable laterally and even upwards and downwards.

En una variante de realización, los medios de arrastre, manipulación, limpieza y envasado de los productos o cebollas, se constituyen a partir de una banda de elevación que desemboca en una criba a modo de cinta sin fin que discurre en dirección longitudinal de avance de la máquina, yendo situada por encima de dicha criba un elemento para la preparación de ramas, maleza y un peine transversal. In a variant embodiment, the means of dragging, handling, cleaning and packaging of the products or onions are constituted from a lifting band that ends in a sieve as an endless belt that runs in the longitudinal direction of advance of the machine, being located above said screen an element for the preparation of branches, weeds and a transverse comb.

La criba referida tiene la misión de efectuar una pnmera limpieza de los residuos y/o desperdicios mezclados con las cebollas, de manera tal que esa criba se mueve en la misma dirección que la de avance de la máquina y está constituida por rodillos transversales con pequeña separación entre ellos para el paso y caída de determinadas impurezas, como son piedras, pequeñas ramas, tierra, etc.
The aforementioned sieve has the mission of carrying out a pnmera cleaning of the waste and / or waste mixed with the onions, in such a way that this sieve moves in the same direction as that of the advance of the machine and is constituted by transverse rollers with small separation between them for the passage and fall of certain impurities, such as stones, small branches, earth, etc.

Los productos o cebollas acceden desde esa criba a una banda sin fin de velocidad variable y regulable en altura e inclinación, al ir montada sobre unos soportes con elementos de accionamiento manual, constituidos por manillas que permiten descender a la altura deseada la comentada cinta sin fin. The products or onions access from that screen to an endless band of variable speed and adjustable in height and inclination, when mounted on some supports with manually operated elements, constituted by handles that allow the commented endless belt to descend to the desired height .

Complementariamente a dicha banda sin fin se ha previsto una batería de ventiladores o turbina que impulsa aire hacia una segunda banda In addition to said endless band, a battery of fans or turbine that drives air into a second band is provided

: o cinta sin fin situada bajo una serie de elementos cortadores o cuchillas, todo ello de manera tal que los ventiladores de la turbina posicionan los tallos o rabos de las cebollas hacia arriba para que los elementos cortadores situados a continuación produzcan el seccionado de esos tallos o rabos y su caída por gravedad, pasando las cebollas ya limpias hacia la correspondiente plataforma o banda transportadora que las transporta hasta la correspondiente tolva, desde la que caen al contenedor de envasado, situado sobre una banda transportadora desplazable. or endless belt located under a series of cutting elements or blades, all in such a way that the turbine fans position the stems or tails of the onions up so that the cutting elements located below produce the sectioning of those stems or tails and their fall by gravity, passing the already clean onions to the corresponding platform or conveyor belt that transports them to the corresponding hopper, from which they fall to the packaging container, located on a movable conveyor belt.

: o residuos pesados. or heavy waste.

Las dos bandas sinfín referidas anteriormente son regulables en separación para permitir la caída por gravedad de piedras y otras impurezas The two endless bands referred to above are adjustable in separation to allow the fall by gravity of stones and other impurities

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una meJor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is going to be carried out below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is accompanied as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

La figura l.-Muestra una representación esquemática según alzado lateral de la máquina objeto de la invención. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation according to side elevation of the machine object of the invention.

La figura 2. Muestra una vista esquemática en planta de un detalle correspondiente a la plataforma de clasificación de las cebollas, plataforma que está situada en la parte superior del chasis correspondiente a la máquina. Figure 2. Shows a schematic plan view of a detail corresponding to the onion sorting platform, a platform that is located at the top of the chassis corresponding to the machine.

La figura 3.-Muestra una representación correspondiente a una perspectiva en explosión de los distintos elementos que participan en la manipulación de las cebollas para su limpieza y envasado, todo ello realizado según una alternativa de realización a la representada esquemáticamente en la figura l. Figure 3.- Shows a representation corresponding to an exploding perspective of the different elements involved in the manipulation of onions for cleaning and packaging, all carried out according to an alternative embodiment to that represented schematically in Figure 1.

REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

La máquina de la invención, como se representa en la figura 1, se constituye a partir de un chasis (1) con una cubierta (2) y un puesto de conducción (3) situado en correspondencia con la parte delantera, yendo montado sobre el chasis (1) un motor de combustión con equipo de bombas hidráulicas y sistema hidrostático ( 4) para llevar a cabo el accionamiento o motricidad de los distintos componentes que participan en la máquina.
The machine of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, is constituted from a chassis (1) with a cover (2) and a driving position (3) located in correspondence with the front part, mounted on the chassis (1) a combustion engine with hydraulic pump equipment and hydrostatic system (4) to carry out the drive or motor of the various components involved in the machine.

En la parte delantera del chasis (1), se han previsto unos brazos oscilantes (5) con una banda (6) montada entre una pareja de rodillos (7 y 8), previéndose en este último el correspondiente motor de accionamiento de la propia banda ( 6), la cual cuenta con unas costillas (9). In the front part of the chassis (1), oscillating arms (5) with a band (6) mounted between a pair of rollers (7 and 8) are provided, the corresponding motor of the band itself being provided in the latter. (6), which has ribs (9).

Los brazos oscilantes (5) están soportados a través de un eje (10) respecto del cual basculan, y soportados por unos cilindros hidráulicos (11) mediante los que se llevan a cabo los movimientos de ascenso/descenso de tales brazos oscilantes (5). The oscillating arms (5) are supported through an axis (10) on which they swing, and supported by hydraulic cylinders (11) by means of which the upward / downward movements of such oscillating arms (5) are carried out. .

En la parte delantera y formando ángulo con esos brazos oscilantes (5), se han previsto unos segundos brazos (12) relacionados con unos medios de accionamiento manual (13), vinculados a una rueda de apoyo (14), para efectuar los movimientos de ascenso/descenso de los mismos. In the front part and at an angle with these oscillating arms (5), some second arms (12) are provided related to manual actuation means (13), linked to a support wheel (14), to carry out the movements of rise / fall of them.

Estos brazos (12) se constituyen en un soporte para una mesa de rodillos (15) que se encargan de arrastrar en sentido ascendente las cebollas arrancadas del suelo o que estuvieran situadas sobre el suelo, previo arrancado mediante unas cuchillas (16) establecidas en la parte anterior, con la particularidad de que esos rodillos (15) están ligeramente separados entre si, todos ellos paralelos en sentido transversal al de avance de la máquina, para permitir la caída por gravedad de arenas y piedras, de manera que por encima de tal mesa de rodillos (15) se han previsto unos peines (17) montados sobre una segunda banda (19), regulable en altura y por tanto en separación respecto de la banda de rodillos (15), por medio de una manilla de accionamiento manual (18), con la particularidad de que la comentada banda (19) de los peines (17) es accionada por un motor (20), a través de una transmisión apropiada como puede ser una cinta sin fin (22) o similar, que con unos piñones (21) efectúan el arrastre y desplazamiento de dicha cinta o similar (22) para el accionamiento simultáneo tanto de la banda (19) de los peines (17) como mesa de rodillos (15).
These arms (12) are constituted in a support for a table of rollers (15) that are in charge of dragging in an upward direction the onions torn from the ground or that were located on the ground, previously torn off by means of blades (16) established in the anterior part, with the particularity that these rollers (15) are slightly separated from each other, all of them parallel in a transverse direction to the advancement of the machine, to allow the sands and stones to fall by gravity, so that above such Roller table (15) are provided with combs (17) mounted on a second band (19), adjustable in height and therefore in separation from the roller band (15), by means of a hand-operated handle ( 18), with the particularity that the commented band (19) of the combs (17) is driven by a motor (20), through an appropriate transmission such as an endless belt (22) or similar, which with some pinions (21) effect n the dragging and displacement of said tape or the like (22) for simultaneous actuation of both the band (19) of the combs (17) and roller table (15).

De esta manera, las cebollas o productos recogidos del suelo son recogidos por la mesa de rodillos (22) y arrastrados hacia arriba, colaborando en ello el giro en sentido contrario de la banda de peines (17), alcanzando la banda ( 6) de los apéndices (9), para que las cebollas accedan a una plataforma o banda (23) situada en la parte superior del chasis o bastidor (1) de la máquina, yendo la banda (23) constitutiva de esa plataforma montada entre una pareJa de rodillos (24), accionados igualmente por cualquier sistema motriz apropiado, de manera que esa plataforma o banda transportadora (23) está soportada por unos largueros (25). In this way, the onions or products collected from the ground are picked up by the roller table (22) and dragged upwards, collaborating in this the opposite direction of the comb band (17), reaching the band (6) of the appendages (9), so that the onions access a platform or band (23) located in the upper part of the chassis or frame (1) of the machine, the band (23) constituting that platform mounted between a pair of rollers (24), also driven by any suitable drive system, so that that platform or conveyor belt (23) is supported by stringers (25).

En esta banda o plataforma de arrastre (23) se produce otra limpieza de las cebollas, alcanzando éstas una tolva (26) dotada de una trampilla (27) que en posición de apertura permite llevar a cabo la caída de las cebollas hacia un soporte (28) para un contenedor de envasado de las cebollas, mientras que si se cierra dicha trampilla (27) las cebollas procedentes de la plataforma o banda de arrastre (23) se retienen en la tolva (26). El soporte (28) es desplazable tanto lateralmente como en sentido vertical, es decir, ascendente/descendentemente. In this band or platform of drag (23) another cleaning of the onions takes place, reaching these a hopper (26) equipped with a trapdoor (27) that in position of opening allows to carry out the fall of the onions towards a support ( 28) for a container for packing the onions, while if said trapdoor is closed (27) the onions from the platform or drag band (23) are retained in the hopper (26). The support (28) is movable both laterally and vertically, that is, ascending / descending.

El paso desde la banda o plataforma de arrastre (23) a la tolva The passage from the belt or drag platform (23) to the hopper

(26) se efectúa mediante una serie de rodillos (29), en los que se produce otra limpieza de las cebollas, y en su caso de los productos que se estén manipulando en la máquina.
(26) is carried out by means of a series of rollers (29), in which another cleaning of the onions takes place, and in the case of the products that are being handled in the machine.

La comentada banda de arrastre o plataforma (23) está soportada The commented drag band or platform (23) is supported

por los ya comentados largueros (25), así como entre los rodillos (24), by the aforementioned stringers (25), as well as between the rollers (24),

participando en el sistema unos brazos orientables (30), como se deja ver en participating in the system adjustable arms (30), as shown in

la figura 2, previstos para proceder por parte de los operarios a la Figure 2, intended to proceed by the operators to the

clasificación o retirada de materiales y objetos de suciedad, tales como classification or removal of materials and dirt objects, such as

5 5: ramas y similares, dando vía libre a las cebollas que se trasladarán branches and the like, giving free way to the onions that will move

manualmente a la zona central para su paso a la tolva (26). manually to the central zone for its passage to the hopper (26).

Como es evidente, la tolva (26) con su trampilla (27) permitirá As is evident, the hopper (26) with its trapdoor (27) will allow

retener las cebollas mientras se cambia el contenedor en el soporte (28), retain the onions while changing the container in the holder (28),

1 O 1 o: estando éste último asociado a un dispositivo o sistema hidráulico (31) para the latter being associated with a device or hydraulic system (31) for

basculación de aquel. swinging of that one.

El funcionamiento de la máquina referida es sencillo y, como se The operation of the referred machine is simple and, as

ha dicho, se producirá, en el caso de estar enterradas las cebollas en el said, it will occur, in case the onions are buried in the

15 fifteen: suelo, con el arranque mediante las cuchillas (16), y en caso de estar ground, with the starter by means of the blades (16), and in case of being

situado ya el producto sobre el suelo, con la recogida por parte de mesa de placed the product on the ground, with the collection by table of

rodillos (15) que, a través de la banda (6) de apéndices (9), las arrastra rollers (15) that, through the band (6) of appendages (9), drag them

hasta alcanzar la banda trasportadora o plataforma de arrastre (23), desde la until reaching the conveyor belt or drag platform (23), from the

cual y a través del sistema de rodillos (29) alcanzan la tolva (26) desde la which and through the roller system (29) reach the hopper (26) from the

20 twenty: cual las cebollas caen a un contenedor situado previamente en el soporte which onions fall to a container previously placed in the support

(28). (28).

Los brazos oscilantes (15) y por supuesto los brazos (12) como The swinging arms (15) and of course the arms (12) as

prolongación de aquellos, son regulables en altura para establecer la extension of those, are adjustable in height to establish the

25 25: profundidad de las cuchillas (16) sobre el suelo, y así adaptarse a la depth of the blades (16) on the ground, and thus adapt to the

profundidad mayor o menor que tengan las cebollas en su ocultación o greater or lesser depth that the onions have in their concealment or

semienterrado en el suelo, con la particularidad de que el ascenso de los half buried in the ground, with the peculiarity that the rise of

brazos comentados se establece a partir de la rueda (14) que apoya sobre el commented arms is established from the wheel (14) that rests on the

propio suelo, mediante el accionamiento manual de la manilla o palanca en own ground, by manually operating the handle or lever on

30 30: que se materializan los medios (13) de elevación del soporte de la rueda that the means (13) for lifting the wheel support materialize

(14). (14).

La máquina es autopropulsada y es posible regular su velocidad conforme a las necesidades y situaciones operativas correspondientes, pudiendo tener dos sistemas como el descrito, es decir, con dos frentes de trabajo iguales, uno al lado del otro The machine is self-propelled and it is possible to regulate its speed according to the corresponding operational needs and situations, being able to have two systems as described, that is, with two equal work fronts, side by side.

En una variante de realización mostrada en la figura 3, las cebollas son arrastradas por la mesa de rodillos (15) o por medio de una cinta (32), que desemboca en una criba (33) formada por elementos trasversales separados entre si, que están soportados por sendas cadenas laterales (34) que discurren entre piñones de guiado (35), de manera que las cebollas discurren en el sentido de avance y por lo tanto de giro de la banda que establece la criba (33), con la colaboración de una banda sin fin (36) portadora de elementos flexibles a modo de peines (37), similares a los peines (17) previstos en la banda (19), con el mismo fin y representada en la figura l. Esa banda sinfín (36) de peines (37) va dispuesta transversalmente pero de forma inclinada, como se ve en la figura 3. In a variant embodiment shown in Figure 3, the onions are dragged by the roller table (15) or by means of a belt (32), which leads to a sieve (33) formed by transverse elements separated from each other, which they are supported by two side chains (34) that run between guide pinions (35), so that the onions run in the direction of advance and therefore of rotation of the band that establishes the sieve (33), with the collaboration of an endless band (36) carrying flexible elements like combs (37), similar to the combs (17) provided in the band (19), for the same purpose and represented in Figure 1. That endless band (36) of combs (37) is arranged transversely but inclined, as seen in Figure 3.

Entre los elementos trasversales que constituyen la banda de criba (33) caen impurezas tales como piedras, pequeñas ramas, tierra, etc., accediendo las cebollas a una banda sin fin (38) situada a continuación y montada sobre unos soportes (39) accionables en ascenso y descenso por medio de una manilla, maneta o similar ( 40) de accionamiento manual, regulando así la altura en mayor o menor medida de esa banda sin fin (38), siendo ésta de velocidad variable y regulable en altura, como se acaba de exponer. Among the transverse elements that constitute the sieve band (33) impurities such as stones, small branches, earth, etc. fall, the onions accessing an endless band (38) located below and mounted on operable supports (39) in ascent and descent by means of a handle, handle or similar (40) of manual actuation, thus regulating the height to a greater or lesser extent of that endless band (38), this being of variable speed and adjustable in height, as just exposed.

Lateralmente a esa banda sin fin (38) se ha previsto una batería de ventiladores (41) prevista para impulsar aire, con una determinada
Lateral to that endless band (38) a battery of fans (41) is provided to propel air, with a certain

inclinación, hacia otra banda sin fin ( 42) situada a continuación, por encima tilt, towards another endless band (42) then above

de la cual se ha previsto un soporte (43) para una pluralidad de elementos of which a support (43) is provided for a plurality of elements

cortadores o cuchillas (44). Las bandas (38) y (42) son regulables en su cutters or blades (44). The bands (38) and (42) are adjustable in their

separación para permitir la caída de piedras y residuos pesados. En esa separation to allow the fall of stones and heavy waste. In that

5 5: zona incorpora una turbina (50) para soplado y empuje de las cebollas hacia zone incorporates a turbine (50) for blowing and pushing the onions towards

los elementos de corte o cuchillas ( 44), para el seccionado de los rabos. the cutting elements or blades (44), for the sectioning of the tails.

Como es lógico, las piedras, impurezas y otros elementos (45) Logically, stones, impurities and other elements (45)

aJenos a las propias cebollas, caen por gravedad, entre las comentadas Away from the onions themselves, they fall by gravity, among those commented

1 O 1 o: bandas sin fin, accediendo limpias las cebollas a una banda de rodillos ( 46), endless bands, cleanly accessing the onions to a roller band (46),

con la misma función que la banda o plataforma de trasporte (23) situada with the same function as the transport band or platform (23) located

superiormente en el chasis (1) de la máquina, de manera que a través de esa superiorly in the chassis (1) of the machine, so that through that

banda de rodillos (46), las cebollas alcanzan la tolva (47), que sustituye roller belt (46), the onions reach the hopper (47), which replaces

lógicamente a la tolva (26) referida en la figura 1, y desde cuya tolva (47) logically to the hopper (26) referred to in Figure 1, and from whose hopper (47)

15 fifteen: las cebollas limpias caen a un contenedor (48) para su envasado y posterior clean onions fall into a container (48) for packaging and subsequent

almacenamiento o trasporte, mediante otra banda de rodillos (49), hasta el storage or transport, by another roller belt (49), until

lugar deseado, siendo esta banda de rodillos (49) desplazable tanto desired location, this roller band (49) being movable both

lateralmente como en sentido de ascenso/descenso. laterally as in the sense of ascent / descent.

20 twenty: La máquina será conducida por un operano, aunque deberán The machine will be driven by an operator, although they must

existir dos operarios mas para trabajos de manipulación de contenedores, de there are two more operators for container handling jobs, of

selección de cebollas, etc., pudiéndose complementar con un remolque selection of onions, etc., being able to complement with a trailer

arrastrado para carga y transporte de contenedores llenos. dragged for loading and transporting full containers.

Claims

1a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, which being preferentially and fundamentally provided for the start-up of buried onions or for the collection of the same or other fruit and vegetable products and tubers, from the ground, carrying out a drag, cleaning and subsequent packaging of the onions or products in question, the machine being able to advance self-propelled or by dragging by a traction vehicle, it is characterized in that it is constituted from a chassis (1) with wheels, equipped with a driving position (3 ) and in its front part oscillating arms (5) with the possibility of tilting upwards / downwards, with height adjustment means, said oscillating arms (5) being extended in a few second arms (12) carrying blades (16) of start of the onions, as well as dragging means for lifting said onions from the ground itself, in combination with an endless band ( 19) with flexible combs (17) located superiorly and with the possibility of height adjustment with respect to the drag and lift means; having been provided following said means and in correspondence with the upper part of the chassis (1), a drag platform (23), in which the cleaning of materials such as branches and the like occurs, counting then said platform drag (23) with a hopper (26) in which the onions are deposited, from which they are packaged in a container located on a tilting support (28), with the possibility of both lateral and vertical displacement.

2a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, characterized in that the oscillating arms (5), together with the arms (12) in which they are extended, are supported on a support with wheel (14) adjustable in height, by manual operation

through a lever, handle or similar (13).

3a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, according to previous claims, characterized

5 because the oscillating arms (5) incorporate an endless band (6) with appendages (9), operable by a motor (8), that band (6) being mounted between the second arms (12) extending the oscillating arms ( 5) and the drag platform itself (23) located superiorly in the chassis (1).

10 4-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, according to previous claims, characterized in that the means of drag and lift provided in the second arms (12), are constituted by a table of transverse rollers (15), with light separation between them, to allow the fall by gravity of earth and

15 stones, the corresponding endless band (19) of flexible combs (17) being provided with a turning movement opposite that of the roller band (15); with the particularity that both the band (22), the roller table

(15) as the band (19) for the combs (17) are driven by a single driving element constituted by a motor (20). twenty

5a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of dragging and lifting the products from the ground, are constituted by a band (32) that unloads in a sieve (33) of

25 transverse elements separated from each other, mounted between a pair of side chains (34), driven by pinions (35), one of which, at least, is related to a driving element, such as a motor or the like; with the particularity that above said screen (33) a band (36) of flexible combs (37), adjustable in height and of

30 counterclockwise rotation (33).

6a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and

packaging of onions, according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that

continuation of the screen (33) of transverse elements, a

5 endless band (38) of variable speed and adjustable in height by means of a manually operated handle (40) mounted on corresponding supports (39) established laterally for that endless band (38); a turbine (50) having such an endless band (38) having been provided in order to provide air to the onions and achieve the correct positioning of

10 these on a second endless band (42), above which cutter elements or blades (44) are provided for the sectioning of the corresponding stems or tails of the onions.

7a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and

15 packaging of onions, according to claims 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that following the endless band (42) in which the cutting or cutting of the stems or tails of the onions takes place, a roller platform is provided (46) for the drag of the clean onions to the corresponding hopper (47), from which the clean onions access a container of

20 packaging (48), located on a conveyor belt (48) that can be moved both laterally and vertically upwards and downwards.

8a.-Self-propelled machine for collection, classification and packaging of onions, according to previous claims, characterized in that it includes two equal work fronts, side by side.