ES2292267A1 - Tower-viewpoint is formed with considerable height to reach up to skyscraper, which has glass configuration with three legs consist of column with differentiated startings from corresponding layers of foundations - Google Patents

Abstract

The tower is formed with a considerable height to reach up to a skyscraper, which has a glass configuration with three legs consist of a column with differentiated startings from corresponding layers of foundations. Three arms in arc form are provided, which are tightened by cables or braces. A computerized automatic control system is provided for cable tension with a ring surrounded by a rotating platform.

Description

Livable lookout tower.

Object of the invention

The present invention aims to make viable, with the necessary construction systems, the construction of a lookout tower, in the form of a cup for everyday use, but increasing its proportions dimensional to get a slender tower, even with the height of a skyscraper.

The object of the invention is to evoke with said tower a cup of which constitute the trophy in certain sports competitions.

Background of the invention

The fact of associating the design of a building of the Tower size to the characteristics of a Cup, is something that It is unprecedented.

Moreover, the lack of precedents is that no there is initially a logical reason that leads to interrelated the utility, shape, size and weight of a Cup, with the utility, shape, size and weight of a building in height, whose contrasts only with think about it, they initially escape the logic of ideas, and they contradict the evolution of the techniques, if not for contributed now with this invention.

The fact of significantly changing any object in nature, whether it is a living natural or inanimate artificial being, has such significance that nature itself shows us that this fact can only be achieved by substantially varying the desired proportion of the supposedly invariable parameters provided
nales

We could say that today is technically almost impossible, the fact of changing a Cup, which being only about 0.3m tall, become a Building, Tower or Skyscraper, 100, 250, 500, 750 or 1000 times more large, going to be about 30, 75, 150, 225 or 300m high, equivalent to buildings of 10, 25, 50, 75 or 100 floors.

Notwithstanding the above, it is intended with this invention patent, fill this intellectual void with a technical solution that enables the realistic realization of a Cup to size Building, Tower, Skyscraper, for a habitable use, although for this we must contribute at the same time, the new technical advances designed for this case with this patent, to achieve it

To the above we must add the problem fundamental that arises from the fact that the Torre-Mirador is reinterpreted on the scale of a building, being a slender object with a higher volume important, the glass, subject to high altitude by a foot, which is subject to horizontal wind action (and even possible horizontal action of the earthquake, according to the building area), no has a formal conformation initially stable to remain standing in front of the normal actions of nature.

Don't forget how easy it is to spill a cup leaning on a table, with a light touch, which is usually accompanied by its break normally by the foot given its slenderness, what that changed scale to the size of the building, it does it completely unstable, since horizontal wind action is not possible ignore it, and the construction techniques developed until the At present, they make it practically unfeasible that maintaining the proportion of the foot in the change of scale, even with more advanced materials existing today, can withstand the torsions caused by the action of the wind, staying on a central foot In fact, any Tower or Skyscraper can only resolve wind stability, resorting to establishing a perimeter structure to the plant rectangle, since for a building in height, the horizontal actions of the wind they are much more critical than those of their own weight and overload, being essential until today to solve it with pillars and diagonals arranged in the perimeter.

Therefore the immediate consequence of this change of scale, if what you want is to keep the shape and proportion between a Cup and a Tower, results in a building whose foot would break by its own weight, starting with initially curl until it breaks quickly by buckling, in addition of definitely breaking through the horizontal action of the wind, and everything This would even happen before it was finished.

While technically we are facing a initially unsolved challenge in the Copa Torre Building, is evident however, that the commemorative and communication value that the construction of the same implies, acquires so enormous preponderance, which is necessary to contribute here with this invention, the essential technical innovations that allow achieve it, since here and now, the objective of doing habitable a Tower in the form of a Cup, which may be repeated at from now on certain other occasions and places.

Description of the invention

The invention consists in building a Cup of size of a Tower, that is, the design of a Tower that has a built volume or glass on top very important, if compare in relation to the low volume built in its other parts, and that rests on a slender central foot (although it can be branched), starting on a foundation grounded in the ground.

For this particular case of the invention, they have been established three formal criteria to keep in changing Cup-Tower-Mirador scale, to achieve the associative objective between both objects, consisting of:

one.

He glass will be wide in relation to its height, remembering the shape hemispherical of a cocktail glass.

2.

He foot will be constituted as a slender unit subdivided into several curved legs, preferably 3.

3.

The base will enter the field leaving the starting level of Street.

The complexity and originality of this proposal, forces time to have to devise a set of systems constructive that make it viable, among which we highlight the following:

-

Structural system with arches self-tensioning cable ties.

-

Self-leveling elevator system inclined paths.

-

Rotating mobile ring system panoramic viewpoint.

-

Ultrafast evacuation system for people with slides

-

Telescopic self-cleaning system and swivel facades.

-

Pebetero system with Olympic flame or urban lighthouse

-

Auto extinguishing system fires.

-

Height helipad system.

-

Solar energy collection system for the rotation of the lookout.

-

Telecommunications system and / or repeater.

To make such a slender structure can avoid breaking through buckling in front of its own weight, the foot design, will be subdivided into three legs each in arc shape, which will interconnect with each other, arranged in a circle with a 120º turn between them.

Consequently, this achieves that all three legs cover both at the level of the start on the foundation and at the top level of the cup where the glass is held, a wide support diameter, compared to the narrow section that determined in the central area of the foot of the Cup, thanks to having the convexity of the curvature of the three legs facing each other in the 120º angle, leaving the vacuum of wide concavity towards the outside the foot of the Tower, thereby achieving the appearance of lightness and slenderness that requires the symbol of the Cup, in contrast with the reality of the Tower.

The design of this tripartite leg, comes accompanied by connections at different levels between them to get them to work as a unit, and that each of them helped by the others thanks to those intermediate connections, you can support the own weight of the upper habitable vessel, without reaching Pander or break.

In this specific case, three have been established intermediate connection levels along the total height of the foot of the Cup, this being subdivided into 4 equal parts, of equal height, although all three levels of bracing intermediates have clearly differentiated each other, providing a living space with several floors in the central, wrapped in a museum sphere, while the lower bracing contemplates an action platform with different planes, and the upper bracing holds a three-sided circular clock arranged at 120º, which involve a sphere that symbolizes a "soccer ball", which can ascend over a crown joint.

Once achieved with structural and formal criteria, solving the problem of buckling the Tower by its own weight, that is, getting it to stand without breaking its slender foot, thanks to creating a tripartite leg with intermediate bracings, remains to be resolved, the problem of its stability against the action of
wind.

The tripartite leg, although not buckling in front of vertical loads, it is not effective to support torsions generated in it by the horizontal action of the wind (or the earthquake), because when acquiring the concavity that is required to give the feeling of lightness of the foot, moves away from the perimeter outside the vessel towards its central axis, where precisely find the most critical area to withstand such torsions, to half height of the foot of the Cup.

Consequently, the Copa-Torre-Mirador developed, Scaling up a glass cup to the size of a skyscraper, has the peculiarity of having excessive oscillations at the top of the glass of the cup, which although it could be acceptable at a resistant level, using the appropriate materials To do this, it would certainly be unacceptable from the point of view of the habitability, since the constant oscillations of several meters on one side and the other with respect to the vertical, they would create a sensation of restlessness and dizziness very unpleasant, making the building Inhabitable to people.

Here is another reason why This type of structure has not been done in buildings in height, although the parabolic or truncated cone shape may have been used sometime for water tanks in height, since it does not influence the balance of people, in this case said swing.

To solve this problem, it is proposed an original system of structural braces, which have the ability to regulate tension tension according to the action demands, that the joint structure of the building require in a coordinated manner on each of the three legs on which the foot is subdivided, until it manages to control the oscillation of the Tower cup at the desired values.

In short, and to understand your operation, can be compared with the structure of a "crossbow" or a "shooting range". Each of the three legs can be assimilated to the curved and flexible wooden arch itself, although in the Tower it will logically be raised with high steels resistance, which is tensioned by the rope (or cable in this case) that acquires the desired tension that the archer wants to give him, with the horizontal displacement of the arrow, between the bow and the Strap on it.

In Architecture, although existence is normal of cable-stayed arches, that is to say factory arches of stone, brick, block, concrete or steel, which have braces metal to balance (i.e. cancel) the thrusts structural, however, there is no known precedent for that the action of the brace or the tension transmitted by it, be variable in time, nor that the arc varies in turn from curvature, along with the action of the strap.

Each of the tripartite foot arches, arranged vertically, will be able to act as slender "crossbows" or "shooting arches", or "instrument bows of rope ", thanks to incorporating the respective braces that they will flow into the air between their ends, without their small thickness visually affect the feeling of slenderness of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, and they will have the original ability to acquire more or less tension depending on of the demands of efforts requested to stabilize the whole building, balancing horizontal actions.

In other words, it would be fair to do the opposite effect of what has just been described in the cases of The hunting bows mentioned. While in these cases, a being intelligent is able to mentally predetermine the tension that will be able to exercise later with your muscles to the rope of the brace so that it is able to carry certain distance an arrow to your piece, in the case of Copa-Torre-Mirador, a central IT will channel the various parameters, send the order of proper tensioning to each tie to get the building remain in balance despite the variable external actions that act in every moment.

So, in this specific case of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, the voltage disturbances, which are produced by the actions of nature, are of order and magnitude very important, in the case of wind (or possible earthquake action), and much values minor in the case of hygrothermal changes, according to the orientation of the sun, the ambient humidity and the temperature at the different facades or perimeter of the building.

A control system is incorporated here that they act in thousandths of a second on the measurement parameters of horizontal oscillation of the building, so that it regulates centrally the tension of the three braces arranged balanced and coordinated way around the Copa-Torre-Mirador, to achieve the stability of your body in space, resting on your central tripartite axis.

Therefore, a brace system is established self-tensioning that is able to respond in real time about those actions with the appropriate tension required, in each of the three legs or bows at the same time, to achieve the perfect balance of the building, preventing the actions of nature from achieving Modify your perfect balance.

Logically, the interrelation will have to be achieved between the tripartite foot of three arches braced together, with self-tensioning straps arranged vertically, in both of their extremes, that is, at ground level, and at upper level of the cup of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, so that everything this constitutes a stable unit capable of supporting a volume habitable in its upper part of considerable size.

To achieve this, at boot level foundation of the three legs, there will be a tie between them that allow to work in solidarity in its connection with the land at the tripartite foot, disposing on each of the three legs, hydraulic tension systems, based on "jacks", which being automatically run by the switchboard, they will act by stretching or loosening each of the three braces of coordinated form, according to the demands of each moment.

The hydraulic jack that will wrap the brace self-tensioning at its end, which in turn will have a retainer to prevent it from sliding, it will increase or decrease in size, entering or leaving, shortening or lengthening because of the hydraulic pressure provided by the computer control unit, managing to stretch or loosen the tension of the tie self-tightening

Probably if you want to take advantage of the space free remaining between the tripartite foot with basements for parking below the base of the Tower, the logical thing will be use the horizontal and vertical parking structure, with the alternative function of tying and bracing the foundation de la Torre at its start.

So that the efforts of the wind that they mostly act on the cup of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, can be balanced by the tripartite foot of cable-stayed arches self-tensile, it is essential to have a structure that secure together the three ends of the braces and the arches at the level of the resistant structure of the floors that they will wrap the Cup, which will be done with a rigid and fixed ring that tie the head of the three legs.

This system of self-tensioning braces, will logically have a security system of "paralyzed" of the braces in a position with a value of intermediate tension, properly tuned so that it can admit a Acceptable oscillation of the Tower cup, which will be fixed in case of a loss of voltage due to lack of electrical fluid, or a loss of hydraulic fluid from any part of the whole system, in addition to contemplating its own batteries to avoid its shutdown due to voltage losses that the supply of power grid

While as just explained, each arc of the tripartite foot will have its self-tensioning brace, in this same invention, the possibility arises that each of those self-tensioning braces were simple, double or triple by resistance or security issues, so that they can even consider crossing the straps that would remain inclined with the respective arches to each other, for reasons formal or to double or triple the reliability or safety of the Tower stabilization system against the wind.

It goes without saying that this new technology of Tower oscillation control proposed here, may combine in turn with the traditional cable system cross-wired, arranged alternately tying the upper and lower ends of the arches tripartite foot, which initially does not arise because its visualization breaks with the aesthetic slenderness of the Copa-Torre-Mirador.

The tripartite foot, with bracing intermediate, it has been designed like this to make it stable against to his excessive slenderness, but in turn, he must be able to contemplate the incorporation of access and evacuation stairs corresponding, either inside or around, between the starting base of the Tower on the foundation and the cup Tower top.

It has been thought to design the tripartite foot with an equilateral triangle section, in order to take advantage of its three corners to incorporate the resistant structure, so that there is a hollow intermediate area where to arrange the stairs, which with its inclined arrangement in space, they will serve at the same time to secure said resistant structure, leaving a central hole where to include the corresponding essential facilities for this type of building, such as uprights and downspouts, electrical connections, ventilation ducts, high pressure water pipes against fires, cable telephony conduits, natural gas connection,
etc.

The tripartite foot walls will conform with stainless steel plates, in solidarity with welds and / or rivets, depending on the degree of prefabrication of the assembly, which is decided when doing the work, with the existing pillars in Its three corners.

It has been thought of two variants of the treatment of the sheet, solid or with gaps of wide proportions for allow both the lighting and ventilation of the stairs, as the passage through them, when access levels are reached respective of the building, accessing the stairs.

In this way, each tripartite foot will have two blind faces, looking outward from the tower, and another draft with circular gaps, facing the central axis of the same.

In order to make as slender as possible the foot of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, it has provided that the elevators make their journey to the air, although guided by the curved path of each of the legs. They have located three elevators on each of the three legs, surrounding them by its outer perimeter, of which the most extreme will go from the foundation to the tower glass directly without stops intermediate, while the other two of each leg, will have as minimum one stop at the central bracing or museum, although they may also stop at the other two bracings, lower and superior, when required.

There are a total of nine elevators of which three are of direct route, and the other six, with stops intermediate.

The elevator system in turn consists of an innovative system, since by not following a straight line vertical, but instead, they run through an arc that noticeably inclined in space, it would happen that using a Traditional elevator, passengers would be subject to notable changes in inclination with respect to the horizontal, which it would prevent not only standing inside the cabin, but even worse, find a uniform level of access in the different stops of its route.

To solve this problem, they have been created, as innovation, a lift system with self-leveling cab. So that whatever the angle of the cabin is with respect to the rotation depending on the vertical that the guide has that runs through the curvature of the arch, this cabin is capable of stay horizontally inside.

For this, there are two alternative mechanisms which may be used separately, simultaneously or in a manner complementary:

The first is to arrange the cabin of spherical passengers within another concentric sphere, in such a way that the outside turn up depending on the angle of the curvature of the arch of the foot of the Tower, while the interior is self-level with respect to the outside, using connection fluids intermediate, which allow to search the horizontal level in all moment, in relation to the gravitational action exerted by the weight of people along with the interior cabin.

The second is to use spherical ball joints between the passenger cabin and the clamping arm and connection with the ascent and descent guide that follows the curvature of the arch, of so that due to the gravity of the cabin itself and its passengers, these kneecaps rotate more or less along the route ascending and descending of the elevator, in relation to the degree of curvature.

In order to get the most out of possibilities of the viewpoint, it has been thought to develop a system Structural swivel included inside the cup of the Cup, that allows to travel the 360º of the visual that is offered from the high of the Cup, without having to move around she. This will allow you to appreciate the panoramic view of the entire city, sitting in a certain place, be it a room conferences, cafeteria or restaurant, etc.

To achieve this constructive system, it has been created a rotating ring that constitutes the upper perimeter of the Cup glass, and it has two levels of observation, one indoor and covered, and another exterior on the terrace, which rotates on another inner concentric ring, which is fixed and in solidarity with the three legs of the Tower structure.

The ring that ties the structure of the Copa-Torre-Mirador and on which turn the viewpoint, it will be directly connected to the braces self-tensioning of the three arched legs, and will have great rigidity, to the point of allowing to achieve the desired equilibrium objective in the glass of the cup. This fixed ring will unload its weight balanced on the tripartite foot, and will avoid movements due to the action of wind and / or rheological, thanks to the variable forces transmitted by the three tensioners that They reach him.

The central fixed ring is extended inferiorly creating at least another level of dependencies of service, hanging from it on the inside and bottom of the glass, while above said fixed ring, it extends several more levels to allow access through the stairs and ramps that will be arranged in it, up to the mobile ring that they configure the levels of the restaurant and the panoramic roof.

From the set of the central fixed ring that bracing the three legs of the Tower at the level of the glass, and of which hang another concentric lower, hang in turn all the envelope of the glass facade in the form of a semicircular glass with which the external volumetry of the cup of the Cup will be determined, ascending perimeter until the restaurant is wrapped superior panoramic

The envelope of the facade of the glass, will have of a carpentry organized by a set of nerves hemispherical on which the glazing will be fixed Exterior.

The glass of the glass (worth the redundancy) or cup glass will be built with glass securized, double foil with intermediate insulating chamber, for fill in the necessary insulating capacity and will also have a outwardly reflective light treatment, to reflect the exterior luminosity, and its exploded view is designed to be able to solve with a single reliable piece the whole glazing of the entire glass of the Cup, since its shape hemispherical responds to a single radius of spherical curvature.

Above the terrace level above the Cup, another raised ring is established, which will house a central helipad, without its normal sporadic use or emergency, interfere with the habitual use of visitors in the terrace-gazebo.

Around the ring of the central helipad and a a slightly lower level than the previous one, another perimeter ring with a flame, which can become a giant pebetero, which can be ignited as an Olympic flame, or that can be used to arrange a circular set of spotlights that by way of a lighthouse, that they indicate or orient the citizens on the activities that could be carried out in said urban enclave or your environment, at a certain time.

Taking advantage of the central pebetero ring, and complementing it with another perimeter ring to the elderly vessel dimensions than the previous one, a car system is planned firefighting to put out the fire in the fortuitous case of a fire, due to deficiencies in use or actions uncontrolled vandals.

The two concentric rings mentioned, they will receive high pressure water, through the planned pipes that will ascend through the interior of the central gaps of existing facilities inside each of the three legs. The possibility that through these is not ruled out ducts, some product is distributed in liquid or powder anti-flammable, which is more suited to the possible fires originated by the accumulation of large amounts of fuel, which of prior form or in the case of an unfortunate accident, may be controlled or introduced by firefighters from the base.

Initially it is planned that the structure of the tripartite foot is made with stainless steel, whose capacity resistant doubles that of normal steel, and its fire resistance is sufficiently proven, without losing its resistance or to soften by contact with the flames. The foot shape along with the three intermediate bracings, will meet the highest demands for strength and stability, in both normal and improbable conditions, in the case of a fire by impact of some aircraft.

As in all Tower in height, the problem of evacuation in case of emergency, has been contemplated in this building, for which three stairs of emergency, which run each of them inside the three legs of the tripartite foot.

For this Copa-Torre-Mirador, a specific ultrafast evacuation system of people, which may be arranged complementing the traditional stairs of emergency.

This system consists of a set of three concentric helical slide slides, which starting from the glass on top of the Cup, run in the air around three legs of the foot, in such a way that they conform three helices in the space, which will have a continuous journey without reaching interfere with each other, to descend or to the level of lower bracing of the Tower, either at street level or square, or within the first basement where access to the Copa-Torre-Mirador.

This ultrafast evacuation system can organize by three differentiated variants, the same or different according to the 3 existing evacuations:

-

hanged pulleys with harness

-

by air slides

-

by cabin slides

As decided at the time and depending on the developed option of the three offered, this system of evacuation may also be used alternatively, as a "attraction" that encourages you to visit the Tower for later enjoy descending through this playful procedure.

In the case of going down pulleys, the visitor who You want to go down hanging by this type of slide, you will put a harness that holds it firmly hanging from the waist and chest, to said mobile pulley. This variant of the descent is the simplest and the one that offers the greatest emotions of the three variants proposals.

In the case of using air slides, will offer the visitor an ergonomic carpet or pad that will avoid friction with the surface of the slide during the descent. This variant is the most attractive because it retakes the experience acquired in childhood and youth.

If you decide to use cabins, they can be designed for 1, 2, 3 or 4 people, put online or parallel in groups of two, three or four. This is the most expensive variant, but allows, however, to make the descent grouping families or friends, enjoying together.

In all these cases of ultrafast evacuation, the routes may be vertical or inclined, straight or curved

As is logical to think, a tall building it has the added problem of the difficulty of cleaning in its facades In this specific case the Copa-Torre-Mirador, has been designed with pure ways to simplify as much as possible the problem of your cleaning. Thus, the habitable central bracing of the Tower, is spherical, while the glass of the Tower, is hemispherically.

Being surfaces of revolution with a single and fixed radius of curvature, there is the possibility of power design a simple telescopic self-cleaning vehicle, whatever capable of touring the mentioned surfaces of revolution, circling the glass of the cup repeatedly how many times require, avoiding having to "hang" people from the facade, which also has the difficulty of manual cleaning by not respond to a vertical or flat surface, but to an inclined and curve.

Said self-cleaning system will consist of a large "retractable mobile brush" or "windshield wiper giant "with enough rollers and cleaning products accumulated inside, to go cleaning by sectors the hemispherical surface of the facade, moving around 360º of the vessel, held at its two ends, the lower one being attached to a patella on the central axis below the vessel, and the upper circulating along a guide arranged in the outer perimeter of the top of the glass, at the level of the terrace that can be visited.

It goes without saying that this system of self-cleaning may be placed or removed at the request of the cleaning needs, being able to camouflage properly when Do not use, in a place intended for it.

The invention has not been determined in concrete situation of the stairs and / or distribution ramps inside the building, nor at the bottom of the boot under the foundation, or in the spherical space of the central bracing, nor on the top of the glass. This has been stopped. premeditated, since there are multiple variants of location depending on the specific program to be developed, and not they also offer no technical complications or require any novel approach.

In any case it is clear that the connections vertical between the different levels of the glass, it will be done through of the fixed or immovable rings, to make possible the passage of people at all times.

In the case of the access of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, yes it has planned to be developed underground to alter what minimum, the free space of the square under the Tower, but this does not prevents, on the contrary, a ground floor could be arranged built with access at street level, and even in a first high level on the ground, depending on the needs of the moment.

Like any high-rise tower, the building may become a fundamental component of a possible telecommunication system and / or repeater, especially if associated to the sports, cultural or social activities of nearby buildings.

In order to save energy, there is the possibility that the revolving restaurant movement can occur thanks to the accumulation of solar energy that affects about the Copa-Torre-Mirador, given its predominance by height and disposition in front of the others Surrounding buildings that never give shade.

In this sense it has been thought to make a circle of solar panels with photoelectric cells arranged more elevated than the terrace- viewable viewpoint and covering the views of the helicopters around the helipad, such that said panels will rotate, open and close depending on the angle of the tour of the sun in the sky, so that in each moment are perpendicularly oriented to the sun's rays to capture maximum energy.

The description of the invention just perform, although it clarifies that it is possible to perform at the size of building an object like a cup, does not determine the specific scale of the intervention. This is because depending on the materials used in each case, with their corresponding compression, tensile, flexural and torsion, you can reach skyscrapers towers of greater or lesser size, maintaining the proportions developed in the Cup-Tower-Viewpoint of this patent.

Description of the drawings

To complement the description that is being performing and in order to help better compression of characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization of it, is accompanied as part member of that description, a set of drawings where with illustrative and non-limiting nature, what has been represented next:

Figure 1.- Shows, according to an elevation view side, the Copa-Torre-Mirador made with 3 legs, reflecting to the left, how the glass upper rests on one of the legs, and on the right how fly over the glass when it is cantilevered between the two legs that they are superimposed on this image.

Figure 2.- Shows, according to a section in plant, the cut made at the intermediate level of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, where you can see the three-legged section with its three interior stairs and its nine exterior elevators.

Figure 3.- Shows a perspective view next to the lower bracing level of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, where appreciate the structure of triangular beams, which determine a scenario with three concentric circular platforms to different heights

Figure 4.- Shows a perspective view next to the habitable intermediate level of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, where they appreciate the interior floors with the elevators at the level of the central sphere

Figure 5.- Shows a perspective view next to the upper bracing level of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, where appreciate the structure of triangular beams, which strengthens the three legs with each other, including a three-sided circular clock under one crown, wrapping a sphere.

Figure 6.- Shows, according to a section by the central axis, the top or calyx of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, where you can see how the support of the horizontal structure of the vessel is performed on the legs, as well as the arrival of the elevators at their level higher.

Figure 7.- Shows according to an exploded view. perspective, the rings of the horizontal structure of the vessel, being able to appreciate its 6 levels, being the two lower ones together with the two upper centrals fixed, while the intermediate of greater diameter, it is the mobile ring that rotates with respect to the others.

Figure 8.- Shows, according to a side elevation, the top or glass of the Copa-Torre-Mirador transparent its outer envelope, where you can see how they interrelate each other the various fixed and rotating rings existing to different levels

Figure 9.- Sample according to a plan view sectioned at the cafeteria-restaurant level panoramic, the perimeter rotating ring in relation to the Central fixed ring of the kitchen, services and patio area covered inside.

Figure 10.- Shows according to a view in perspective, the whole of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, taken from above, the rotating circular terrace appears first on the glass, as well as the helipad surrounded by the pebetero of the Olympic flame

Figure 11.- Shows according to a view in perspective, the whole of the Copa-Torre-Mirador, taken from below, the glazed viewpoint of the glass.

Figures 12A and 12B.- Show in schematic the elevation and plan route of the three helical slides of the ultrafast evacuation system. In Figure 12A, it shows in elevation the route of said slides that, leaving of the glass of the cup next to the stairs in each of the three legs, descend helically around the foot of the cup until get to disembark at the level of the first bracing, intersecting in space without interfering with each other. The figure 12B, the helicoid running through the three is shown in plan slides intersecting in space without interfering.

Figures 13A and 13B.- Shows a scheme in elevation and plan of the telescopic self-cleaning system and rotating, following the radius of curvature of the hemisphere of the cup of the Cup. In Figure 13A, the system of telescopic and rotating self-cleaning is arranged on the glass hemispherical from the top of the Copa-Torre-Mirador totally extended, covering half a sector of the glass, allowing to rotate around it, as well as moving from side to side. In the figure 13B, the telescopic and swivel self-cleaning system above is go fully stretched, indicating the possibilities of rotation and shortening.

Preferred Embodiment of the Invention

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, proposes the design and construction of a Habitable Cup-Tower-Viewpoint (1) of Slender proportions, such as the one shown in Figure 1. The building takes hold on the ground with a certain foundation which has three differentiated starts (2, 2 ', 2' ') linked together by means of basements of attached garages (33), and rises of him by means of a central foot formed by three slender arches (3, 3 ', 3' '), which are tied with their respective braces self-tensioning (4, 4 ', 4' ').

These three cable-stayed arches (3, 3 ', 3' '), are arranged vertically in space in such a way that by starting of their respective tripartite foundations (2, 2 ', 2' ') they contrast their curved convexities with each other, leaving their corresponding self-tensioning braces (4, 4 ', 4' ') that starting from the meeting point of the foundation with the arches, end up at the top of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) where again, each arch (3, 3 ', 3' ') comes together with its tie (4, 4', 4 ''), allowing the glass (13) of the cup to rest on them the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1).

In order for the slender tripartite foot constituted by cable-stayed arches do not bend due to the loads that affect them, especially the vertical weight of the habitable glass (13) located in the cup, and be stable against the horizontal wind action, said three arcs (3, 3 ', 3' '), they have intermediate connection points between them, which prevent the three slender legs can be separated and that also make work together, supporting and transmitting the efforts of necessary loads and bracing between them.

These three intermediate connection points or bracing, have been arranged on three levels, one at level central (10) of the foot of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), how can see in figure 3, which houses a space inside habitable, and two others, one in the first quarter (11) of the foot length, and another in the last quarter (12) of the foot tripartite.

The access system to the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) to be shows in horizontal section at half height of the foot in the figure 2, is organized through the legs of the tripartite foot (3, 3 ', 3 ''), which are in turn made up of three pillars of triangular section (5, 5 ', 5' ') inside the three stairs (6, 6 ', 6' ') that serve both to raise and lower the glass (13) of the building, as well as emergency stairs, placed that run completely open to the outside air, thanks to the holes or circular perforations (8, 8 ', 8' ') made in a side of each of the tripartite feet.

The building facilities that must run between the foundation and the cup of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), will run through the installation holes (7, 7 '7' ') arranged in the center of each of the feet (3, 3 ', 3' '), being able to accommodate in said hollows water supply pipes, drain pipes of sanitation, natural gas pipelines, pipelines electrical, telephone, etc ...

Around each of these three legs (3, 3 ', 3' '), a system of self-leveling elevators has been organized (9, 9 ', 9' '), which following the curvature of the respective arches of the tripartite foot, which forces them to change inclination since the ascent and descent guide acquires different angles with respect to the horizontal, depending on the level or height by that run these elevators, which have been designed so spherical, so that its interior is self-leveling, allowing the people in the cabin, ascend in an upright position, despite of the different inclination changes that the whole of the elevator during its journey along the tripartite foot (3, 3 ', 3'').

To achieve the self-leveling of said elevators, two differentiated procedures have been devised, one to fluid base interposed between the inner cabin and the cabin evolving exterior of the elevator, and another with a ball joint mechanism of rotation that may be arranged in an intermediate situation between the interior cabin and its outer envelope, or air.

The elevators (9, 9 ', 9' ') instead of hanging of a traditional cable, they will be attached to a side gear, which will run through a recess made in the curved edges of the leg structure (3, 3 ', 3' '), without being visible.

This gear will allow the engines of the mechanism for the movement of elevators, have a "zipper" where to hold and circulate. In time decide if you want to supplement this system with counterweights that facilitate the ascent and descent of these elevators, which of available, would also run through the respective gaps of facilities (7, 7 ', 7' ') mentioned above.

The elevators (9, 9 ', 9' ') that start at level of the foundation (2, 2 ', 2' '), in the first basement of the garage (33), may stand at different levels of bracing of the foot of the Tower, like the first (10), the second spherical (11) and the third (12), until reaching the glass of the glass (13). Sayings elevators will enter and exit the Cup, opening and closing of the vessel (13) some gates in the access mouths, which will allow to complete the roundness and reflection of the surface of the glass, when the elevators are not about to enter or leave the cup.

The lowest bracing, as amounted to the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), as can be seen in figure 3, it is planned to design it as a scenario, raising various levels of use on the corresponding triangulated bracing beams (10a, 10b, 10c), being able to be even rotating, as well as being able to connect this level with any other adjoining building that could exist, with walkways, in addition to disposing in it a ring of spotlights that illuminate the lower free part at the foot of the Tower.

Halfway up the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), as can be seen in Figure 4, it is planned to take advantage of the intermediate bracing (11) that ties the tripartite foot (3, 3 ', 3'') so habitable. For this, a sphere with the diameter of the tied bracing has been designed, which will house at least three levels of use (11a, 11b, 11c). The lower level (11a) will be continuous while the intermediate and upper levels (11b, 11c) will be connected to each other leaving an intermediate vacuum, leaving the upper level (11c) completely free and covered with a
hemisphere

The third bracing as ascends to the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), how can see in figure 5, it is planned to organize it through a set of triangulated beams that hold a circular clock of 3 faces arranged at 120º (12a, 12b, 12c), which in turn envelops a sphere that could symbolize a soccer ball, which is capable of ascend and rise above the crown that tops the clock, where, in turn, a spotlight ring that illuminates from below to the glass (13) of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), causing so reflect the luminosity over your surroundings.

Entering the internal organization of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), just as shown in the vertical section along its axis in figure 6, you can it can be seen that the envelope of the vessel (13) has some ribs which constitute its windproof carpentry (20) holding the glass of the glass, and collecting lower the various habitable levels, among which we can highlight from bottom to top, the service area (21), the lounges-viewpoints (22), the office area (23), the  revolving gazebo restaurant (24) with its stationary kitchen (25) and its double height central hall (26), left under cover rotating (27), and the helipad (28), which may be surrounded by the Olympic flame (29).

As can be seen on the left side of the central section of the cup shown in figure 6, made just where the cup rests on the tripartite foot (3), also they reach this height, the elevators (9).

It has not been considered necessary in this exhibition, reflect in the drawings the concrete location of the stairs of connection between these spaces at the level of the glass of the building, to avoid increasing its complexity, since it also constitutes a traditional solution, with possible diverse locations.

In order to understand the internal functioning of the upper bracing of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) together with its rotating mechanism, has been shown in Figure 7, according to a exploded perspective, the fixed and mobile structural assembly inside the glass (13).

From a central ring (14) constituted through a set of pillars and beams that triangulate the space, the tripartite foot heads can be tied together (3, 3 ', 3' ') as seen in figure 9, to get them to work jointly facing the efforts of its own weight and the wind action, which is controlled by the braces self-tensioning (4, 4 ', 4' ') that reach said fixed ring (14) coinciding at the upper end of the legs (3, 3 ', 3' ').

Under said fixed ring (14) as seen in Figure 7, another ring of much smaller size (15) is lifted, to house the service areas (21), which is centered and wrapped inferiorly by the glass (13) glazed, which is organized by a secondary nerve structure resistant (20) that works as if they were the rods of a inverted umbrella

On the fixed ring (14) that firmly ties the structure of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), another rotating ring (16) of much larger size is arranged, which extends to the upper edge of the hemisphere that constitutes the glass (13) glazed, generating a large space transparency for cafeteria-restaurant use swivel (24).

Concentric with the rotating ring (16) on the lower fixed ring (14), another fixed ring is arranged (17) extending this last ring upwards, in such a way that being also a fixed ring, it will allow the cook in a still situation (25) and at the same level and centered Regarding the revolving cafeteria-restaurant (24) and the double height space for great commemorations (26).

Superiorly extending the fixed ring (17) arranged on the also fixed (14) rises above the plane of the glass rim (13), above the cover of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), a structure that allows to create a fixed area and concentric roof with the rotating gazebo (27) that remains outdoors.

Topping the set of central and fixed structural rings (14, 17, 18) of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), will be covered the fixed structure, with the beams of the circular drum (19) that save the central space in double height (26), leaving the plane of this cover, somewhat raised above the ring (17) to allow the illumination of the previous central space.

In figure 8, it is shown according to an elevation lateral, the part of the vessel of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) where it has been made the glass (13) transparent without drawing its rib (20), the set of fixed and mobile rings that constitutes the interior structure of the building's glass, being able to appreciate how the fixed ring (14) rests on the legs (3, 3 ', 3' '), lowering the fixed ring lower (15), and growing superiorly with the fixed ring (17), which remains inside the movable ring (16) and below the fixed ring (18) protruding on the cover, which is topped with the drum circular (19) that will allow the helicopters to rest on it case of need, acting as a helipad (28).

In figure 9, you can see the spaces habitable existing between fixed concentric structures and mobile, at the cafeteria-restaurant level panoramic, observing from outside to inside, the perimeter of the glass (13), the rotating ring (16), which forms the space of the revolving cafeteria-restaurant (24), the ring fixed central (17) where the kitchen spaces are housed (25), as well as the double height space for great commemorations (26).

The invention has not been determined in concrete situation of the stairs and / or distribution ramps inside the building, nor at the bottom of the boot under the foundation, or in the spherical space of the central bracing, nor on the top of the glass. This has been stopped. premeditated, since there are multiple variants of location depending on the specific program to be developed, and not they also offer no technical complications or require any novel approach.

In any case it is clear that the connections vertical between the different levels of the vessel (13), it will be done to through fixed or immovable rings (14, 17, 18), to make possible the passage of people at all times independently of the rotating zone.

The interrelated set of the described of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), can be seen from a perspective view taken from above in the Figure 10, as well as equivalent in perspective view taken from below in figure 11.

In both figures it can be clearly distinguished, the tripartite foot (3, 3 ', 3' ') with its self-tensioning braces corresponding (4, 4 ', 4' ') and their self-leveling elevators (9, 9 ', 9' '), which reach the glass (13) of the cup, after go through the three levels of bracing, the lower one with its scenario (11), the central with its habitable sphere (10) for possible  museum of drinks, and the superior (12) with its circular clocks crowned, which house a central sphere as a large ball.

In figure 10 showing the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) from above, you can see the top of the glass with the cover Visible rotating (27) perimeter, and the central helipad (28) on the cover drum (19), with the ring that can act as pebetero or Olympic flame (29), fed, if desired, with gas natural. The helipad (28) wrapped with the solar panels (30).

In Figure 11, which shows the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) from below, you can see the start of the building on the foundation with the possible attached garages (33), and the bottom of the glass (13), in a hemispherical glass shape -
lada

In this tower in height, the problem of evacuation in case of emergency, has been contemplated with several differentiated possibilities, in addition to having arranged three emergency stairs (6, 6 ', 6' '), which run each of them on the inside of the three legs of the tripartite foot (3, 3 ', 3 '') being fully ventilated through the openings circular (8), as can be seen in figure 2.

In order to provide an evacuation system much more effective in case of emergency, as can be seen in figure 12A in elevation and in 12B in plan, for this Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), has devised a specific ultrafast evacuation system of people, which will be available complementing the traditional stairs of emergency, which will consist of a set of three slides of concentric helical travel (31, 31 ', 31' '), which starting from the glass (13) at the top of the Cup, run in the air around the three legs of the foot (3, 3 ', 3' '), in such a way that they conform three propellers in space, which will have a continuous journey without arriving to interfere with each other, to descend or to the level of lower bracing of the Tower, either at street level or square, or within the first basement where access to the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1).

This ultrafast evacuation system can organize by three differentiated variants, the same or different according to the 3 existing evacuations:

-

hanged pulleys with harness

-

by air slides

-

by cabin slides

As decided at the time and depending on the developed option of the three offered, this system of evacuation may also be used alternatively, as a "attraction" that encourages you to visit the Tower for later enjoy descending through this playful procedure.

In the case of going down pulleys, the visitor who You want to go down hanging by this type of slide, you will put a harness that holds it firmly hanging from the waist and chest, to said mobile pulley. This variant of the descent is the simplest and the one that offers the greatest emotions of the three variants proposals.

In the case of using air slides, will offer the visitor an ergonomic carpet or pad that will avoid friction with the surface of the slide during the descent. This variant is the most attractive because it retakes the experience acquired in childhood and youth.

If you decide to use cabins, they can be designed for 1, 2, 3 or 4 people, put online or parallel in groups of two, three or four. This is the most expensive variant, but allows, however, to make the descent grouping families or friends, enjoying together.

In all these cases of ultrafast evacuation, the routes may alternate sections that may be vertical or inclined, straight or curved. Notwithstanding the above, there is also the possibility of taking advantage of self-tensioning braces (4, 4 ', 4 ''), as descent guides of said evacuation system ultrafast, in this case the vertical path up to reach ground level above the square or garage level annexes (33), where you can have a turn to the horizontal to decrease the descent speed and allow the end of evacuation on foot with comfort in a safe place, under cover and with attention to possible assists.

To facilitate the cleaning of the vessel (13) of the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1) located at high ground height, a specific system has been designed of telescopic and rotating self-cleaning (32), which takes advantage of the hemispherical shape of the cup, greatly simplifying the work of its cleaning.

As can be seen in the scheme in the figure 13A in section and in figure 13B in plan, as it is a revolution surface with a single radius of curvature, there is the possibility of applying a simple rotating self-cleaning vehicle and telescopic, to follow the path of the surface of revolution circling the glass (13) of the cup repeatedly how many times is required, taking advantage of the same rotation motor that moves all the cafeteria-restaurant-gazebo swivel (27), thus avoiding having to "hang" people from the facade, which in addition to having the difficulty of manual cleaning not being a vertical or flat surface, but a inclined and curved, avoids costs and guarantees safety Automatically schedule cleaning.

As can be seen in Figures 13A and 13B, said rotating and telescopic self-cleaning system (32), it will consist of a large "mobile brush" or "windshield wiper giant ", with enough rollers, ducts and products of cleaning stored inside, to go cleaning the hemispherical surface of the facade, moving around 360º of the vessel (13), held only by its two ends, the upper circulating along a guide arranged in the outer perimeter of the top of the glass, at the level of the terrace, turning by the edge of the vessel and being inferiorly attached to a kneecap in the central axis below the vessel.

To achieve cleaning with the 360º turn of the aforementioned giant brush, without affecting each turn one of the tripartite foot legs (3, 3 ', 3' '), has been resolved making said brush telescopic, ascending or descending to change sectors, every time its turn interrupt any of the 3 legs, to continue cleaning in the next sector, of the three that has the glass of the Cup, divided into 120º.

It goes without saying that this system of Self-cleaning (32) may be placed or removed at the request of cleaning needs, being able to camouflage properly when not used, in a place intended for it in an area fixed and covered.

In order to save energy, there is the possibility that the revolving restaurant movement can occur thanks to the accumulation of solar energy that affects about the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), given its predominance by height and disposition in front of the others Surrounding buildings that never give shade.

In this sense it has been thought to have a circle of solar panels with photoelectric cells (30) something else elevated than the viewable terrace-viewpoint (27), and covering the view of the helicopters around the helipad (28), as well as stopping the air generated when taking off, in such a way that said panels will rotate, open and close depending on the angle of the sun's path in the sky, so that in each moment are perpendicularly oriented to the rays of the sun to capture maximum energy.

These same panels will reflect the luminosity of the Olympic flame (29) towards the city, at the same time That will protect her from the wind.

Like any high-rise tower, the building may become a fundamental component of a possible telecommunication system and / or repeater, especially if associated to the sports, cultural or social activities of nearby buildings.

Claims (17)

1. Livable lookout tower characterized by having one foot, grounded in the ground, which can be subdivided into several support legs, preferably three (3, 3 ', 3'') in shape, curved together or separated from each other by one or several intermediate bracings (10, 11, 12) at various levels, which starts on the foundation (2, 2 ', 2''), and culminates superiorly in a hemispherical vessel (13), which houses spaces inside habitable of various uses (21, 22, 23). 2. Livable lookout tower, according to claim 1, characterized in that its structural system is organized with a foot, which has a structure in the form of arches (3, 3 ', 3''), with their respective self-tensioning braces (4, 4 ', 4'') simple, double or triple, vertical or inclined, which are activated according to the horizontal action of the wind or the earthquake, by means of electrohydraulic jacks arranged in the foundation and controlled by a centralized computerized system that regulates its tension , according to the circumstances of permanent and variable loads that affect the Tower at all times, it being provided that said braces can simultaneously combine with other crossed diagonally between the upper and lower ends of the legs, of a traditional nature. 3. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the various legs that support it (3, 3 ', 3'') house inside resistant pillars (5, 5', 5 '') next to use stairs normal and / or emergency (6, 6 ', 6''), which run around a facility (7, 7', 7 '') and open to the outside through lighting, ventilation or passage openings ( 8). 4. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that each of the various support legs (3, 3 ', 3'') is constituted in themselves, in the guides of the route of the elevators (9, 9' , 9 '') that allow access to the various habitable levels, from the basement in the foundation, through the intermediate levels, to reach the levels of the glass of the cup. 5. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the elevators (9, 9 ', 9'') employees have self-leveling capacity, allowing to ascend along curved paths (3, 3', 3 '') of the foot of the Tower-Viewpoint (1), being able to maintain the horizontal level inside the cabin, in relation to the various angle inclinations that the outer envelope of the cabin is forced to perform, to follow the curvature of the route in the arch of the legs, thanks to the interposition of a fluid between the cabin and its enclosure, or of an intermediate ball joint mechanism. 6. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the access to the habitable interior space of the vessel (13), is carried out through the stairs (6, 6 ', 6'') that ascend through each of its legs and connect with it through the gaps (8). 7. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that it has a lower bracing below the central (10), which serves to stabilize the Tower, is organized by a set of triangulated beams that hold a set of separate circular platforms to different levels (10a, 10b, 10c), which can be turned and raised to create a performance or presentation area. 8. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that it has a central bracing with a habitable sphere (11), which includes several floors (11a, 11b, 11c) with spaces for diverse use, which can be accessed by the gaps (8), of the stairs (6, 6 ', 6'') located on the legs (3, 3', 3 ''), as well as by the corresponding self-leveling elevators (9 ', 9''), which Stop on these floors. 9. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that it has an upper bracing above the central (12), which serves to stabilize the Tower, is organized by a set of triangulated beams that hold a circular clock with three arranged faces at 120º (12a, 12b, 12c), which surround a sphere, which can be raised above the crown that finishes said clock. 10. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the horizontal structure at the level of the glass of the cup that ties the three legs together (3, 3 ', 3''), is formed by a fixed central part in shape ring (14) that intersects with the three footrests arranged at an angle of 120 °, and is capable of transmitting the horizontal efforts of the wind between the three supports mentioned, including the stabilizing actions of the opposite direction that counteract the wind and are exercised by self-tensioning braces (4, 4 ', 4''). In turn, the habitable space that houses said central ring may have a use of viewing rooms (22), while the intermediate space remaining in the center of the ring may be combined with the use of conference and office rooms (23 ). 11. Livable tower-viewpoint, according to previous claims, characterized in that the fixed structure that ties the glass of the upper part of the Tower, is extended inferiorly with levels of complementary use (15), as services (21), and also extended superiorly creating at least two more levels, the first with a fixed ring (16) inside to another mobile, which contains a rotating sector, with a kitchen area that does not rotate (25), and which in turn leads to an interior patio covered that allows to expand the revolving restaurant in another immovable central area with a double height space (26), and the second level to exit to the fixed concentric part of the rotating air terrace above the glass. 12. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that on the upper ring structure (14) that ties the three legs (3, 3 ', 3'') at the level of the cup glass, with self-tensioning braces (4 , 4 ', 4''), there is a mobile circular ring (16), which serves as a rotating gazebo-cafeteria-restaurant (24), which rotates thanks to an intermediate gear between said mobile ring (16) and the fixed (14) constituting a rotating structure that tops the Copa-Torre-Mirador (1), said part being rotated connected to the fixed central area of the kitchen (25) and the covered central patio (26) of double height. 13. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the central part of the resistant upper ring (14) extends two more levels superiorly, creating in the first, a fixed semi-covered space, which extends over the mobile ring (16) as a rotatable cover that can be visited (27). 14. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that the structure of the fixed ring (18) is topped off with a circular drum (19) also fixed, to create a helipad (28) centered with the top of the vessel cup, as well as establish a perimeter pebetero to him that could become an Olympic flame (29) by the contribution of the corresponding fuel (natural gas), or by a succession of lights as a lighthouse, and that alternatively will contemplate a system of self-extinguishing fires, by means of high pressure water or flame retardant products in gas, liquid or powder phase, which may be previously stored or introduced from the base of the Tower. 15. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that it can have on its upper part around the helipad (28), a set of solar panels of photoelectric cells (30), equipped with a mechanism that allows them to orient themselves to the perpendicular of the solar rays at each moment, to create enough energy to allow the cafeteria-restaurant (24) and the terrace-gazebo (27) to rotate. 16. Livable lookout tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that said can have an ultra-fast evacuation system of people (31) based on hanging with pulleys and harnesses, with vertical or inclined routes, straight or curved, and / or slides with the people running in the air or in cabins, which circumferentially circling the legs of the foot in their route, reach the base of the cup and, at the same time, can be used alternatively as a leisure or attraction activity. 17. Livable viewing tower, according to previous claims, characterized in that it incorporates a telescopic and rotating self-cleaning system (32), adapted to the radius of curvature of the hemisphere of the vessel (13) of the cup.