ES2158645T3 - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,4-BUTANODIOL, BUTIROLACTONE AND TETRAHYDROFURAN. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,4-BUTANODIOL, BUTIROLACTONE AND TETRAHYDROFURAN.Info
- Publication number
- ES2158645T3 ES2158645T3 ES98302163T ES98302163T ES2158645T3 ES 2158645 T3 ES2158645 T3 ES 2158645T3 ES 98302163 T ES98302163 T ES 98302163T ES 98302163 T ES98302163 T ES 98302163T ES 2158645 T3 ES2158645 T3 ES 2158645T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- point
- organic solvent
- elevated
- derivative
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical class [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004326 stimulated echo acquisition mode for imaging Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/17—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds
- C07C29/172—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds with the obtention of a fully saturated alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/132—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group
- C07C29/136—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH
- C07C29/147—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
- C07C29/149—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group of >C=O containing groups, e.g. —COOH of carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/08—Preparation of tetrahydrofuran
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Furan Compounds (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
LA INVENCION SE REFIERE A UN PROCEDIMIENTO PARA LA PRODUCCION DE AL MENOS UN BUTANO - 1,4 - DIOL, GA - BUTIROLACTONA Y TETRAHIDROFURANO, MEDIANTE HIDROGENACION EN FASE DE VAPOR DE UN DERIVADO DE ACIDO DICARBOXILICO C 4 SELECCIONADO A PARTIR DE ANHIDRIDO MALEICO Y ESTERES DE DI - (ALQUILO C 1 C 4 ) DE UN ACIDO DICARBOXILICO C 1 - C 4 . EN DICHO PROCESO, UNA CORRIENTE EN FASE DE VAPOR QUE CONTIENE VAPOR DE ANHIDRIDO MALEICO, VAPOR DE AGUA Y OXIDOS DE CARBONO, SE PONE EN CONTACTO EN UNA ZONA DE ABSORCION CON UN PRIMER DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION, QUE TIENE UN PUNTO DE EBULLICION A PRESION ATMOSFERICA QUE ES AL MENOS APROX. 30 C SUPERIOR AL DEL ANHIDRIDO MALEICO. A PARTIR DE LA ZONA DE ABSORCION SE RECUPERA UNA CORRIENTE GASEOSA RESIDUAL QUE CONTIENE UNA CANTIDAD MENOR DE DICHO DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION, LA CUAL SE PONE EN CONTACTO EN UNA ZONA DE LAVADO CON UN SEGUNDO DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION QUE TIENE UN PUNTO DE EBULLICION A PRESION ATMOSFERICA AL MENOS 30 C SUPERIOR AL DEL PRIMER DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION. EL GAS RESIDUAL LAVADO PROCEDENTE DE LA ZONA DE LAVADO SE PURGA. LA SOLUCION RESULTANTE DEL PRIMER DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION EN EL SEGUNDO DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION SE TRATA PARA RECUPERAR EL PRIMER DISOLVENTE ORGANICO DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION, A FIN DE RECICLARLO A LA ZONA DE ABSORCION, MIENTRAS QUE EL SEGUNDO DISOLVENTE DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION RESULTANTE SE RECICLA A LA ZONA DE LAVADO. EL ANHIDRIDO MALEICO CONTENIDO EN LA SOLUCION PROCEDENTE DE LA ZONA DE ABSORCION SE COVIERTE, SI ES NECESARIO, EN UN ESTER DE DI - (ALQUILO C 1 - C 4 ) DE ACIDO MALEICO O ACIDO FUMARICO. LA SOLUCION DEL DERIVADO DICARBOXILICO C 4 EN EL PRIMER DISOLVENTE DE ELEVADO PUNTO DE EBULLICION SE PONE EN CONTACTO CON UNA CORRIENTE GASEOSA QUE CONTIENE HIDROGENO, PARA EXTRAER ASI DICHO DERIVADO DE ACIDO DICARBOXILICO C 4 DE LA MISMA, Y PARA FORMAR UNA CORRIENTE EN FASE DE VAPOR QUE COMPRENDE HIDROGENO Y DICHO DERIVADO DE ACIDO DICARBOXILICO C 4 , EL CUAL SE CONVIERTE, MEDIANTE HIDROGENACION, EN BUTANO - 1,4 - DIOL, GA - BUTIROLACTONA Y/O TETRAHIDROFURANO.THE INVENTION REFERS TO A PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AT LEAST ONE BUTANE - 1,4 - DIOL, GA - BUTIROLACTONE AND TETRAHYDROFURANE, BY VAPOR PHASE HYDROGENATION OF A DICARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE C 4 SELECTED FROM ANHIDR ESYES. DE DI - (RENT C 1 C 4) OF A DICARBOXYLIC ACID C 1 - C 4. IN THIS PROCESS, A STEAM PHASE CURRENT CONTAINING MALEIC ANHYDRIDE VAPOR, WATER VAPOR AND CARBON OXIDES, IS CONTACTED IN AN ABSORPTION AREA WITH A FIRST ORGANIC SOLVENT OF UNDERGROUND POINT, WHICH HAS ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE BUILDING THAT IS AT LEAST APPROX. 30 C SUPERIOR TO MALEIC ANHYDRIDE. FROM THE ABSORPTION AREA A CURRENT RESIDUAL GASEOUS IS RECOVERED THAT CONTAINS A LOWER AMOUNT OF SUCH ORGANIC SOLVENT OF LIFTING POINT, WHICH IS CONTACTED IN A WASHING AREA WITH A SECOND ORGANIC SOLVING DEVELOPMENT IT HAS AN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE BOILING POINT AT LEAST 30 C HIGHER THAN THE FIRST ORGANIC SOLVENT OF ELEVATED BOILING POINT. THE WASHED RESIDUAL GAS FROM THE WASHING AREA IS PURGED. THE RESULTING SOLUTION OF THE FIRST ORGANIC SOLVENT OF ELEVATED POINT OF EFFICIENCY IN THE SECOND ORGANIC SOLVENT OF ELEVATE POINT OF EBULLITION IS TREATED TO RECOVER THE FIRST ORGANIC SOLVENT OF ELEVATED POINT OF EFFICIENCY, IN ORDER TO RECYCLE THE SECOND TO THE ZONE SOLVENT OF ELEVATED POINT OF RESULTING EFFICIENCY IS RECYCLED TO THE WASHING AREA. THE MALEIC ANHYDRID CONTAINED IN THE SOLUTION FROM THE ABSORPTION AREA IS COVERED, IF NECESSARY, IN AN ESTER DE DI - (C 1 - C 4 RENTAL) OF MALEIC ACID OR FUMARIC ACID. THE SOLUTION OF THE DICARBOXYLIC C 4 DERIVATIVE IN THE FIRST SOLVENT OF THE ELEVATED POINT OF EBULLITION IS CONTACTED WITH A GASEOUS CURRENT CONTAINING HYDROGEN, TO REMOVE THIS SUCH DERIVATIVE FROM THE DICARBOXYLIC ACID C AND OF THE SAME FORM STEAM THAT INCLUDES HYDROGEN AND SUCH DERIVATIVE OF DICARBOXILIC ACID C 4, WHICH IS CONVERTED, BY HYDROGENATION, IN BUTANE - 1,4 - DIOL, GA - BUTIROLACTONE AND / OR TETRAHYDROFURANE.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98302163A EP0962438B1 (en) | 1998-03-23 | 1998-03-23 | Process for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol, butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ES2158645T3 true ES2158645T3 (en) | 2001-09-01 |
Family
ID=8234727
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES98302163T Expired - Lifetime ES2158645T3 (en) | 1998-03-23 | 1998-03-23 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF 1,4-BUTANODIOL, BUTIROLACTONE AND TETRAHYDROFURAN. |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6274743B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0962438B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002507587A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1158233C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR015737A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU751399B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9908993A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2325499A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69800886T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2158645T3 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID26243A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY124354A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO20004695L (en) |
| SA (1) | SA99200188B1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW557294B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999048852A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200002941B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19818340A1 (en) * | 1998-04-23 | 1999-10-28 | Basf Ag | Production of butan-1,4-diol, tetrahydrofuran and gamma-butyrolactone |
| MY139259A (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2009-09-30 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | Process |
| TWI266760B (en) * | 2000-03-20 | 2006-11-21 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | Process for the preparation of propane-1,3-diol |
| GB0117090D0 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2001-09-05 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | Process |
| KR100495335B1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2005-06-14 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Process for Recovery Polymer Using Direct Contact of Steam |
| GB0325530D0 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-12-03 | Davy Process Techn Ltd | Process |
| GB0325526D0 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-12-03 | Davy Process Techn Ltd | Process |
| GB0421928D0 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2004-11-03 | Davy Process Techn Ltd | Process |
| CN103119033B (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2015-12-02 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | The method of separation of tetrahydrofuran |
| US9186599B2 (en) | 2010-09-24 | 2015-11-17 | Basf Se | Process for isolating tetrahydrofuran |
| US9040756B2 (en) | 2011-11-25 | 2015-05-26 | Conser Spa | Process for producing 1,4-butanediol by hydrogenating dialkyl maleate in mixed liquid/vapor phase |
| JP7769684B2 (en) | 2021-03-12 | 2025-11-13 | コンサー エッセ．ピ．ア． | Process for the co-production of dialkyl succinates and 1,4-butanediol by two-step hydrogenation of dialkyl maleates |
| CN116102425A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-12 | 惠州博科环保新材料有限公司 | Dialkyl succinate hydrogenation method for prolonging service life of hydrogenation catalyst |
Family Cites Families (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2638481A (en) | 1950-05-26 | 1953-05-12 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Maleic acid manufacture |
| GB727828A (en) | 1952-12-09 | 1955-04-06 | Chempatents Inc | Recovery of polycarboxylic acid anhydrides |
| GB763339A (en) | 1953-03-23 | 1956-12-12 | Chempatents Inc | Improvements in recovery of maleic and phthalic acid anhydrides |
| FR1089012A (en) | 1953-10-08 | 1955-03-14 | Chempatents | Process for recovering polycarboxylic acid anhydrides from dilute gas mixtures |
| NL98195C (en) | 1955-04-20 | |||
| US2893924A (en) | 1956-04-17 | 1959-07-07 | Saint Gobain | Separation and purification of anhydrides of organic diacids |
| US3040059A (en) | 1959-07-02 | 1962-06-19 | Foster Wheeler Corp | Recovery of the anhydrides of polycarboxylic acids |
| BE792879A (en) | 1971-12-17 | 1973-03-30 | Chevron Res | MALEIC ANHYDRIDE ISOLATION PROCESS |
| US3891680A (en) | 1972-11-29 | 1975-06-24 | Chevron Res | Maleic anhydride recovery using nonaqueous medium |
| US3850758A (en) | 1973-07-02 | 1974-11-26 | Allied Chem | Purification of crude maleic anhydride by treatment with dimethylbenzophenone |
| DE2444824A1 (en) | 1974-09-19 | 1976-04-08 | Basf Ag | PROCESS FOR THE OBTAINMENT OF MALEIC ACID ANHYDRIDE |
| US4071540A (en) | 1976-07-08 | 1978-01-31 | Chevron Research Company | Anhydride separation process |
| US4118403A (en) | 1976-11-18 | 1978-10-03 | Monsanto Company | Recovery of maleic anhydride |
| GB8331793D0 (en) | 1983-11-29 | 1984-01-04 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| EP0204730A1 (en) | 1984-11-21 | 1986-12-17 | DAVY McKEE (LONDON) LIMITED | Process for the production of butane-1,4-diol |
| GB8514002D0 (en) | 1985-06-04 | 1985-07-10 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| GB8618888D0 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-09-10 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| JPH01500753A (en) * | 1986-08-01 | 1989-03-16 | デイヴィ マッキー （ロンドン） リミテッド | Method for simultaneous production of butane-1,4-diol and gamma-butyrolactone |
| GB8618890D0 (en) | 1986-08-01 | 1986-09-10 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| GB8717992D0 (en) | 1987-07-29 | 1987-09-03 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| GB8717993D0 (en) | 1987-07-29 | 1987-09-03 | Davy Mckee Ltd | Process |
| US4932104A (en) | 1988-09-30 | 1990-06-12 | Adolf Kowal | Separable buckle |
| JP2596604B2 (en) | 1988-12-14 | 1997-04-02 | 東燃株式会社 | Method for producing 1,4-butanediol and tetrahydrofuran |
| WO1990008127A1 (en) | 1989-01-17 | 1990-07-26 | Davy Mckee (London) Limited | Process and apparatus |
| GB8917864D0 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-09-20 | Davy Mckee London | Process |
| GB8917859D0 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-09-20 | Davy Mckee London | Process |
| GB8917862D0 (en) | 1989-08-04 | 1989-09-20 | Davy Mckee London | Process |
| US5347021A (en) | 1990-04-16 | 1994-09-13 | Isp Investments Inc. | Process of vapor phase catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride to gamma-butyrolactone in high conversion and high selectivity using an activated catalyst |
| ZA973972B (en) * | 1996-05-14 | 1998-03-23 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | A process for the production of at least one C4 compound selected from butane-1,4-diol, gamma-butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran. |
| ZA973971B (en) * | 1996-05-15 | 1998-03-23 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | A process for the production of at least one C4 compound selected from butane-1,4-diol, gamma-butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran. |
-
1998
- 1998-03-23 DE DE69800886T patent/DE69800886T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-23 ES ES98302163T patent/ES2158645T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-03-23 EP EP98302163A patent/EP0962438B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-19 WO PCT/GB1999/000881 patent/WO1999048852A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-19 BR BR9908993-9A patent/BR9908993A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-19 CA CA002325499A patent/CA2325499A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-19 CN CNB998042544A patent/CN1158233C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-19 US US09/555,015 patent/US6274743B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-19 JP JP2000537838A patent/JP2002507587A/en active Pending
- 1999-03-19 ID IDW20001103A patent/ID26243A/en unknown
- 1999-03-19 AU AU31560/99A patent/AU751399B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-03-22 MY MYPI99001067A patent/MY124354A/en unknown
- 1999-03-23 AR ARP990101263A patent/AR015737A1/en unknown
- 1999-05-04 TW TW088107239A patent/TW557294B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-30 SA SA99200188A patent/SA99200188B1/en unknown
-
2000
- 2000-06-12 ZA ZA200002941A patent/ZA200002941B/en unknown
- 2000-09-20 NO NO20004695A patent/NO20004695L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU751399B2 (en) | 2002-08-15 |
| AU3156099A (en) | 1999-10-18 |
| AR015737A1 (en) | 2001-05-16 |
| ID26243A (en) | 2000-12-07 |
| JP2002507587A (en) | 2002-03-12 |
| NO20004695D0 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| BR9908993A (en) | 2000-12-12 |
| SA99200188B1 (en) | 2006-11-20 |
| DE69800886T2 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
| MY124354A (en) | 2006-06-30 |
| CN1294571A (en) | 2001-05-09 |
| ZA200002941B (en) | 2001-07-25 |
| EP0962438A1 (en) | 1999-12-08 |
| US6274743B1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
| EP0962438B1 (en) | 2001-06-06 |
| DE69800886D1 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
| TW557294B (en) | 2003-10-11 |
| WO1999048852A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 |
| NO20004695L (en) | 2000-09-20 |
| CN1158233C (en) | 2004-07-21 |
| CA2325499A1 (en) | 1999-09-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG2A | Definitive protection |
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