ES1303928U

ES1303928U - WIND POWER GENERATOR (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1303928U
Application number: ES202330769U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Ibáñez José Antonio González
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-05-04
Filing date: 2023-05-04
Publication date: 2023-10-27
Anticipated expiration: 2033-05-04
Also published as: ES1303928Y

Abstract

Wind energy generator, characterized in that it is made up of a tower (1), at the upper end of which a gondola (2) is established, preferably equipped with self-orientation means depending on the direction of the wind (3). , nacelle in which a rotor (4) with its corresponding blades (5) is installed, rotor (4) linked to a shaft (6) connected to a multiplier transmission (7) which in turn drives a compressor (8), associated with a supply circuit of one or more pressurized fluid storage tanks (12), arranged at ground level or buried beneath it, tanks that in turn feed in a controlled manner to at least one linked turbine (15). to an electrical generator (17), connected to an electrical distribution network (18), with the turbine (15) and electrical generator (17) located at ground level. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

Generador de energía eólicawind power generator

Sector de la técnicaTechnical sector

La presente invención se refiere a un generador de energía eólica, que partiendo de la estructura convencional de los aerogeneradores o molinos de viento actuales, presenta la particularidad de que la transformación final en energía eléctrica se lleva a cabo a nivel del suelo, en contra de lo que es convencional, permitiendo así reducir drásticamente los costes en el mantenimiento de dichos generadores y mejorando la seguridad en dichas labores.The present invention refers to a wind energy generator, which, based on the conventional structure of current wind turbines or windmills, has the particularity that the final transformation into electrical energy is carried out at ground level, contrary to which is conventional, thus allowing to drastically reduce the costs in the maintenance of said generators and improving safety in said tasks.

Es asimismo objeto de la invención proporcionar una instalación que permita generar energía eléctrica incluso cuando no existe viento, evitando así la estacionalidad que presentan este tipo de dispositivos.It is also the object of the invention to provide an installation that allows generating electrical energy even when there is no wind, thus avoiding the seasonality that this type of devices present.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

En el ámbito de aplicación práctica de la invención, los aerogeneradores se constituyen a partir de una torre en cuya extremidad superior se implanta una góndola en la que se integra un rotor con sus correspondientes aspas, que a través de una transmisión o multiplicador accionan un alternador o generador establecido en el seno de la góndola.In the scope of practical application of the invention, the wind turbines are constituted from a tower at the upper end of which a nacelle is installed in which a rotor with its corresponding blades is integrated, which through a transmission or multiplier drive an alternator. or generator established inside the nacelle.

Obviamente este tipo de equipos precisan de cierto mantenimiento, de manera que, el tener que bajar el generador a nivel del suelo para su mantenimiento o reparación supone unos costes económicos muy altos, así como unos riesgos para la seguridad de los operarios a todas luces indeseables.Obviously this type of equipment requires certain maintenance, so having to lower the generator to ground level for maintenance or repair entails very high economic costs, as well as clearly undesirable risks to the safety of the operators. .

Paralelamente, existe otro problema evidente, y es que este tipo de dispositivos obviamente no funcionan sin viento o vientos medianamente fuertes, lo que supone un grave problema de logística, ya que no siempre se puede contar con la potencia eléctrica que pueden generar estos equipos, debiendo recurrir a otros medios de generación, cuya inercia en el incremento o descenso de potencia a generar requieren de cierto tiempo de adaptación, tiempo en el que la potencia suministrada puede llegar a ser inferior a la requerida por los consumidores.At the same time, there is another obvious problem, and that is that this type of device obviously does not work without wind or moderately strong winds, which represents a serious logistical problem, since one cannot always count on the electrical power that these devices can generate. having to resort to other means of generation, whose inertia in the increase or decrease in power to be generated requires a certain adaptation time, time in which the power supplied may become lower than that required by consumers.

Explicación de la invenciónExplanation of the invention

El generador de energía eólica que se preconiza resuelve de forma plenamente satisfactoria la problemática anteriormente expuesta, en base a una solución sumamente eficaz.The wind energy generator that is recommended completely satisfactorily solves the previously mentioned problem, based on a highly effective solution.

Para ello, y de forma más concreta, el generador de energía eólica de la invención parte de la estructuración convencional de un aerogenerador, pero con la especial particularidad de que en sustitución del clásico generador instalado en el seno de la góndola del aerogenerador, se instala un compresor, preferentemente neumático, sin descartar que sea hidráulico, de manera que la energía eólica se transforma inicialmente en energía mecánica que es aprovechada para comprimir aire, que es conducido a través de unas conducciones hasta el nivel del suelo, en el que se establecerán una serie de depósitos de aire comprimido en el que dicho aire se almacena a alta presión, y que es utilizado para accionar una turbina, igualmente situada a nivel del suelo, asociada a un alternador eléctrico. To this end, and more specifically, the wind energy generator of the invention is based on the conventional structure of a wind turbine, but with the special feature that, instead of the classic generator installed inside the wind turbine nacelle, it is installed a compressor, preferably pneumatic, without ruling out that it is hydraulic, so that the wind energy is initially transformed into mechanical energy that is used to compress air, which is conducted through pipes to ground level, where they will be established. a series of compressed air tanks in which said air is stored at high pressure, and which is used to drive a turbine, also located at ground level, associated with an electric alternator.

En el caso de utilizar un compresor hidráulico, deberá definirse adicionalmente un lazo o circuito cerrado que comunique la salida de la turbina con el compresor instalado en la góndola, sin que ello afecte a la esencia de la invención.In the case of using a hydraulic compressor, a closed loop or circuit must be additionally defined that communicates the output of the turbine with the compressor installed in the nacelle, without affecting the essence of the invention.

A partir de esta estructuración se derivan las siguientes ventajas:The following advantages are derived from this structuring:

• La zona de transformación de energía eléctrica se sitúa a nivel del suelo, de manera que el mantenimiento de estos equipos resulta mucho más sencillo, seguro y económico.• The electrical energy transformation area is located at ground level, so that the maintenance of this equipment is much simpler, safer and more economical.

• El almacenamiento del fluido a presión de que se trate permite accionar el alternador/generador incluso cuando no hay viento, ofreciendo así una reserva de funcionamiento, que será función del volumen de almacenamiento previsto.• The storage of the pressurized fluid in question allows the alternator/generator to be operated even when there is no wind, thus offering a functioning reserve, which will be a function of the planned storage volume.

El dispositivo así descrito mantendrá los sistemas de guiado y seguridad habituales en este tipo de molinos, como los medios de frenado y bloqueo del rotor ante fuertes vientos, medios de autoorientación del rotor para que éste sea perpendicular al viento, etc.The device thus described will maintain the usual guidance and safety systems in this type of mills, such as means of braking and locking the rotor in the event of strong winds, means of self-orientation of the rotor so that it is perpendicular to the wind, etc.

Paralelamente, el dispositivo descrito podrá integrarse en instalaciones en las que participe en un número elevado (torres), de manera que, el número de alternadores no tenga por que ser el mismo que el de torres, permitiendo una mayor versatilidad en el diseño de la instalación, al disponer de una variante adicional que constituye la reserva de fluido a presión almacenado. At the same time, the described device can be integrated into installations in which it participates in a large number (towers), so that the number of alternators does not have to be the same as the number of towers, allowing greater versatility in the design of the installation, by having an additional variant that constitutes the reserve of stored pressurized fluid.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un plano en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente:To complement the description that will be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of its practical implementation, a plan is attached as an integral part of said description, where For illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:

La figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquemática de un generador de energía eólica realizado de acuerdo con el objeto de la presente invención.Figure 1.- Shows a schematic view of a wind energy generator made in accordance with the object of the present invention.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred embodiment of the invention

A la vista de la figura reseñada, puede observarse como el generador de la invención se constituye a partir de una torre (1), en cuyo extremo superior se establece una góndola (2) preferentemente dotada de medios de auto-orientación en función de la dirección del viento (3), en la que se instala un rotor (4) con sus correspondientes palas (5) accionadas por el viento (3), rotor (4) vinculado a un eje (6) conectado a una transmisión multiplicadora (7) que a su vez acciona un compresor (8), que en el ejemplo de realización elegido es neumático, estableciéndose en la góndola una o más tomas de aire (9) de alimentación del compresor. In view of the outlined figure, it can be seen how the generator of the invention is constituted from a tower (1), at the upper end of which a gondola (2) is established, preferably equipped with self-orientation means depending on the wind direction (3), in which a rotor (4) is installed with its corresponding blades (5) driven by the wind (3), rotor (4) linked to an axis (6) connected to a multiplier transmission (7 ) which in turn drives a compressor (8), which in the chosen embodiment is pneumatic, establishing one or more air intakes (9) in the nacelle to supply the compressor.

Dicho compresor, que a modo meramente ejemplario podría trabajar entre 200 y 900Kg/cm2, estará conectado a una conducción (10) de alimentación de aire a presión, que a través de una o más válvulas anti-retorno (11) alimenta a una serie de depósitos (12) de almacenamiento de fluido a presión, en este ejemplo aire, que estarán dispuestos a nivel del suelo o enterrados bajo el mismo.Said compressor, which as a mere example could work between 200 and 900Kg/cm2, will be connected to a pressurized air supply line (10), which through one or more non-return valves (11) feeds a series of tanks (12) for storing pressurized fluid, in this example air, which will be arranged at ground level or buried beneath it.

Estos depósitos a su vez podrán alimentar a través de un circuito (13) controlado por una o más electroválvulas (14) una turbina (15) cuyo eje acciona a través de la correspondiente transmisión (16), si es que ésta fuera necesaria, un generador eléctrico (17), conectado a una red de distribución eléctrica (18).These tanks in turn may feed, through a circuit (13) controlled by one or more solenoid valves (14), a turbine (15) whose shaft drives through the corresponding transmission. (16), if necessary, an electric generator (17), connected to an electrical distribution network (18).

Estos equipos podrían estar instalados en la propia sub-estación eléctrica de la instalación. These equipment could be installed in the installation's own electrical substation.

Como resulta evidente, el circuito de alimentación de los depósitos (12) estará asistido por los correspondientes medios de seguridad, como pueden ser presostatos (19) y válvulas de seguridad (20).As is evident, the supply circuit of the tanks (12) will be assisted by the corresponding safety means, such as pressure switches (19) and safety valves (20).

Solo resta señalar por último que, tal y como se ha dicho con anterioridad, el dispositivo podría trabajar con un fluido distinto del aire, en cuyo caso, en sustitución de la toma de aire (9) se dispondría un ramal o conducción de cierre del circuito, que comunicaría dicho compresor con la salida (21) de la turbina (15).Lastly, it only remains to be noted that, as previously stated, the device could work with a fluid other than air, in which case, replacing the air intake (9), a branch or conduit would be provided to close the circuit, which would communicate said compressor with the outlet (21) of the turbine (15).

A partir de esta estructuración, no solo se consigue poder accionar de forma continua el generador eléctrico (17) en virtud de las reservas de fluido a presión de que se dispongan cuando no haya viento, sino que además se independiza la necesidad de disponer exactamente de un alternador para cada torre-góndola-rotor, que participen en la instalación, ofreciendo así muchas otras configuraciones posibles en función de la potencia de los generadores eléctricos, tipos de turbinas utilizadas, capacidad de almacenamiento de fluido a presión prevista, etc. From this structuring, not only is it possible to continuously operate the electric generator (17) by virtue of the reserves of pressurized fluid available when there is no wind, but also the need to have exactly an alternator for each tower-nacelle-rotor participating in the installation, thus offering many other possible configurations depending on the power of the electrical generators, types of turbines used, planned pressure fluid storage capacity, etc.

Claims

1. Wind energy generator, characterized in that it is made up of a tower (1), at the upper end of which a gondola (2) is established, preferably equipped with self-orientation means depending on the direction of the wind (3). , nacelle in which a rotor (4) with its corresponding blades (5) is installed, rotor (4) linked to a shaft (6) connected to a multiplier transmission (7) which in turn drives a compressor (8), associated with a supply circuit of one or more pressurized fluid storage tanks (12), arranged at ground level or buried beneath it, tanks that in turn feed in a controlled manner to at least one linked turbine (15). to an electrical generator (17), connected to an electrical distribution network (18), with the turbine (15)-electric generator (17) located at ground level.

2. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the compressor (8) is embodied in a pneumatic compressor, the nacelle (2) including one or more air intakes (9) to supply said compressor (8).

3. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the compressor (8) is embodied in a hydraulic compressor, where said compressor is fed through a hydraulic conduction coming from the outlet of the turbine (15).

4. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the supply circuit of the tanks (12) by the compressor (8) includes at least one non-return valve (11).

5. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the supply circuit of the tanks (12) by the compressor (8) includes safety means such as pressure switches (19) and safety valves (20).

6. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the turbine power circuit (15) includes at least one control solenoid valve (14).

7. Wind energy generator, according to claim 1a, characterized in that the nacelle includes means of protection for the rotor against strong winds.