ES1299054U - CONSTRUCTION PART FOR LOADING WALLS AND ENCLOSURES (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures, of the type that comprise a prismatic shape with holes in an extrusion direction, materialized in ceramic or concrete; characterized by comprising: -some smaller perimeter holes (2), -two interior holes (3), much larger, and -a central partition (4) that separates the two interior holes (3) and is defined by two parallel rows (5) of central minor holes (6). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTION PART FOR LOADING WALLS AND ENCLOSURES

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention refers to a constructive piece, such as a brick or a building block, which allows load-bearing walls to be built and can also be used for enclosures.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, some constructive parts for load-bearing walls and/or enclosures are known, mainly solid or perforated bricks and concrete or ceramic blocks, which have a prismatic shape with vertical holes in one extrusion direction.

Both for bricks and for concrete or ceramic blocks, their segmentation into smaller pieces for finishing and changes of direction is expensive, often requiring the use of machinery (radial or cutting tables) and generating a large amount of noise and dust. In the case of some ceramic blocks, they have special pieces to make these finishes, but they are much more expensive and there are cases in which they still have to be cut. In the case of concrete blocks, they are also much heavier.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The constructive piece for load-bearing walls and enclosures of the invention is of the type that includes a prismatic shape with vertical holes in an extrusion direction, materialized in ceramic, and that according to the invention comprises:

-Some smaller perimeter holes,

-two much larger interior holes, ideally symmetrical (they could be asymmetrical as well), and

-A central partition that separates the two larger holes, and which is defined by two parallel rows of smaller central holes.

With this configuration, a piece is achieved with a density approximately between 10% and 20% lower than the rest of the hollow ceramic bricks or ceramic blocks, and between 30% to 40% less than vibrated concrete blocks, which makes it one of the lightest pieces on the market, making it easier to handle and causing less fatigue for the applicator.

In addition, it has the following advantages:

-Facilitates its placement. This greater speed of execution makes the execution of the wall more economical.

-Reduces the amount of mortar for its placement.

-Its geometry and the distribution of holes allows it to be divided into pieces of different sizes in a manual and controlled way, without using machinery and thus avoiding producing brick dust, which is why they are more ecological.

-By having larger interior voids and less mass, proportionally greater resistance is achieved, which is why thinner load-bearing walls are achieved, thus gaining useful surface area of the interior space (many load-bearing walls have a minimum thickness of 20 cm, and with the piece of the invention they can be reduced up to 16.5 cm depending on your requests)

-These two large interior holes are located in such a way that when turning the walls continue to coincide in the courses, allowing the reinforcement and filling of concrete in the necessary areas and thus reinforcing the weak points of the wall and better absorbing horizontal forces. In this way, pilasters and lintels of different sections can also be made on site without special pieces, maintaining the exact proportions of the wall and breaking the thermal bridge that only making them of reinforced concrete means. In this way, again thanks to the design of the piece, greater resistance is achieved and the thermal insulation of the wall and its components is improved, making it a more ecological brick/ceramic block.

-Allows walls to be made and at the same time serves to make lintels on site, also maintaining a double thermal break.

-Allows the assembly and concreting of the interior openings, providing an improved load-bearing function.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a view of the constructive part of the invention.

Figure 2 shows a view of the piece of figure 1 segmented by its medial plane.

Figure 3 shows a view of a cross-shaped meeting of a wall, made with constructive parts of the invention.

Figure 4 shows a view of a cross meeting of a wall and generation of a hole with its corresponding lintel, made with constructive parts of the invention.

Figure 5 shows a view of a piece of the invention and two possible fragmentations thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF A PRACTICAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

The constructive piece (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures of the invention is of the type that includes a prismatic shape with vertical holes in an extrusion direction, materialized in ceramic, and according to the invention comprises:

-some smaller perimeter holes (2),

-two interior holes (3) much larger, symmetrical in this case, and

- A central partition (4) that is separating the two interior openings (3), and that is defined by two parallel rows (5) of smaller central openings (6).

In addition, it is preferred that the central minor holes (6) have the same or similar dimensions as the perimeter smaller holes (2), so that, if the piece is segmented symmetrically along its medial plane, two segments are defined (10, 10 ') of similar outline (see fig. 2) and that precisely work the same around its entire outline. In addition, it is preferred that the distance (d) between each parallel row (5) of the central partition (4) to the smaller opposite side of the piece is equal to the width of the block, in external magnitudes, and even that its height is equal to its width, since in this way the piece forms approximately two perfect cubes, which allows it to be rotated 90° in both directions and to maintain the proportion of the wall, it allows the creation of double interlocking walls of twice the thickness connected to each other without connectors, it allows the creation of lintels on-site of different sections and resistances without special pieces and maintaining the exact proportions of the wall, and allows to leave ventilation or design holes while maintaining the same wall breakdown, or even to make entire lattices or integrated into the wall cloth. Likewise, it avoids having to manufacture special pieces and with a single piece it is possible to make the corners and modulate the openings of windows or doors in the walls, which makes them more economical.

The preferred outside dimensions for the piece are 19.5 centimeters wide and 40 centimeters long and 19.5 centimeters high.

Finally, indicate that the central partition (4) preferably includes some portions or joint keys (40) between its two parallel rows (5) of central smaller holes (6), to brace them when working with the unsegmented part. .

Having sufficiently described the nature of the invention, as well as the manner of carrying it out in practice, it should be noted that the provisions indicated above and represented in the attached drawings are subject to modifications in detail as long as they do not alter the fundamental principle.

Claims (7)

1. - Constructive piece (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures, of the type that comprise a prismatic shape with holes in an extrusion direction, materialized in ceramic or concrete; characterized by comprising: -some smaller perimeter holes (2), -two interior holes (3), much larger, , and - A central partition (4) that is separating the two interior openings (3) and that is defined by two parallel rows (5) of smaller central openings (6). 2. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to claim 1, where the central smaller holes (6) have the same dimensions as the smaller perimeter holes (2). 3. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to any of the preceding claims, where the interior holes (3) are symmetrical. 4. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to any of the previous claims, where the distance (d) between each parallel row (5) of the central partition (4) to the smaller opposite side of the piece is equal to the width of the block, in exterior magnitudes. 5. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to any of the preceding claims, where its height is equal to its width. 6. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to claim 5, which has external dimensions of 19.5 centimeters wide and 40 centimeters long and 19.5 centimeters high. 7. - Constructive part (1) for load-bearing walls and enclosures according to any of the preceding claims, where the central partition (4) comprises joining portions (40) between its two parallel rows (5) of central minor holes (6 ).