ES1296036U

ES1296036U - Hydrofoil (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1296036U
Application number: ES202200207U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Duran Alcibiades Ayala
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-06-15
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2022-12-28
Anticipated expiration: 2032-06-15
Also published as: ES1296036Y

Abstract

Hydrofoil, made up of a boat which, due to the impulsion of a fluid, allows it to glide and partially lift over the water, characterized in that it comprises a hull that has a wide bow and a nose-up inclination, and a large-surface lower area. , with two lateral keels, a combustion engine or batteries or fuel cells drive a water pump or an electric motor that in turn drives the propeller, compressor or turbine, which, a) placed with the vertical axis launches the air towards a chamber in its lower area from where it is sent backwards through propulsion slits or ducts and b) positioned with the horizontal axis used to propel on the ground, the propeller is rotated around its front edge where it is hinged,in both positions it is fixed by means of a mechanical or electrical blockage, the propulsion ducts can be placed in the rear area or in the lower rear area of the boat, in both cases they discharge the air flow over the water to increase the propulsion, likewise, the chamber The pressurized feeds guide ducts that throw the air flow forward and laterally, the flow of the propelling and guiding ducts is controlled by a selector valve that varies the air flow that exits through each of said ducts, at high speed with the propulsion, its elevation or levitation is produced partially hydraulic-aerial mixed, partly hydraulic and partly aerial.in both cases they discharge the air flow over the water to increase propulsion, likewise, the pressurized chamber feeds guide ducts that throw the air flow forward and laterally, the flow of the propulsion and guide ducts are controlled by a selector valve that varies the flow of air that comes out of each one of said conduits, at high speed with the propulsion its elevation or partial mixed hydraulic-aerial levitation occurs, partly hydraulic and partly aerial.in both cases they discharge the air flow over the water to increase propulsion, likewise, the pressurized chamber feeds guide ducts that throw the air flow forward and laterally, the flow of the propulsion and guide ducts are controlled by a selector valve that varies the flow of air that comes out of each one of said conduits, at high speed with the propulsion its elevation or partial mixed hydraulic-aerial levitation occurs, partly hydraulic and partly aerial.The flow of the propelling and guiding ducts is controlled by a selector valve that varies the flow of air that comes out of each of said ducts, at high speed with the propulsion its elevation or levitation is produced partially hydraulic-aerial mixed, partially hydraulic and partly aerial.The flow of the propelling and guiding ducts is controlled by a selector valve that varies the flow of air that comes out of each of said ducts, at high speed with the propulsion its elevation or levitation is produced partially hydraulic-aerial mixed, partially hydraulic and partly aerial. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION

Hidroaerodeslizadorhydrofoil

Sector de la técnicaTechnical sector

En embarcaciones de alimentación eléctrica o de combustión y propulsión por flujo de aire, que se desplazan deslizándose sobre los ríos o los lagos y opcionalmente sobre el terreno.In boats powered by electricity or combustion and propulsion by air flow, which move by gliding over rivers or lakes and optionally over the ground.

Objeto de la invenciónObject of the invention

Aportar un hidroaerodeslizador cuyo motor eléctrico se alimenta con células de combustible o baterías. Cargadas con energías renovables, o con motores de combustión interna.Provide a hydrofoil whose electric motor is powered by fuel cells or batteries. Charged with renewable energies, or with internal combustion engines.

El hidroaerodeslizador al incrementar la velocidad produce su elevación o levitación parcial aero-hidráuilica mixta, en parte hidráulica y en parte aérea.When increasing speed, the hydrofoil produces its elevation or partial mixed aero-hydraulic levitation, partly hydraulic and partly aerial.

Útil para desplazamiento a alta velocidad, competición, pesca, paseo, deporte y realizar labores de mantenimiento a lo largo de los ríos. La zona de gran dureza permite actuar como anfibio, deslizándose sobre la vegetación y el terreno.Useful for high-speed movement, competition, fishing, walking, sports and maintenance work along rivers. The area of great hardness allows it to act as an amphibian, gliding over vegetation and terrain.

Utilizar como propulsor un ventilador o turbina accionados por un motor eléctrico.Use a fan or turbine driven by an electric motor as a propeller.

Usar una embarcación cuya zona inferior del casco es plana y la frontal inclinada. La zona inferior puede ser acanalada longitudinalmente o puede tener dos quillas laterales.Use a boat whose lower part of the hull is flat and the front inclined. The lower zone can be longitudinally ribbed or it can have two lateral keels.

Utilizar chorros de aire o de agua con propulsores traseros y otros laterales o delanteros para efectuar desplazamiento hacia atrás.Use air or water jets with rear propellers and other lateral or front ones to move backwards.

Utilizar materiales ligeros o ultraligeros, resistentes y anti-corrosión.Use light or ultralight, resistant and anti-corrosion materials.

Puede utilizar unas alas elevadoras y estabilizadoras aerodinámicamente. Dichas alas pueden portar unos esquíes en su zona inferior para aumentar la estabilidad sobre el agua.You can use lift and stabilizer wings aerodynamically. Said wings can carry skis in their lower area to increase stability on the water.

Unas aletas en la zona lateral delantera, fuera del agua, permiten una ligera elevación o hundimiento de la proa del hidroaerodeslizador.Fins on the front side, out of the water, allow a slight raising or sinking of the bow of the hydrohovercraft.

Usar un sistema de control, el cual mediante una válvula selectora envía el fluido de los chorros de aire hacia atrás, hacia adelante o lateralmente, produciendo el giro o cambio de rumbo de la nave.Use a control system, which through a selector valve sends the fluid from the air jets backwards, forwards or laterally, producing the turn or change of course of the ship.

Aporta un sistema poco ruidoso.Provides a low noise system.

Puede añadir un toldo fijado de sus esquinas con cuatro varillas.You can add an awning fixed to its corners with four rods.

Opcionalmente puede añadir un captador fotovoltaico de energía solar.Optionally you can add a photovoltaic solar energy collector.

Favorece al medioambiente y evita el cambio climático, si se utiliza un sistema eléctrico. It favors the environment and avoids climate change, if an electrical system is used.

Antecedentes de la invenciónBackground of the invention

Los inconvenientes más importantes de los barcos en su desplazamiento sobre los ríos y lagos son debidos a la falta de aerodeslizadores sencillos y prácticos.The most important drawbacks of the ships in their movement on the rivers and lakes are due to the lack of simple and practical hovercraft.

Explicación de la invenciónExplanation of the invention

La presente invención trata de evitar los inconvenientes que tienen las embarcaciones que se utilizan en el desplazamiento en los ríos y lagos. Los hovercraft porque son complicados tienen mucho consumo de combustible y no permiten pequeñas dimensiones. Los otros barcos por lentos o pesados.The present invention tries to avoid the drawbacks of the boats that are used to travel in rivers and lakes. The hovercraft because they are complicated have a lot of fuel consumption and do not allow small dimensions. The other boats are slow or heavy.

El presente hidroaerodeslizador consiste en una embarcación cuyo casco presenta una proa amplia y con una gran inclinación morro arriba y la zona inferior plana, acanalada o plana de gran superficie con dos quillas laterales, un motor de combustión o unas baterías o células de combustible accionan una bomba de agua o un motor eléctrico que a su vez acciona la hélice, compresor o turbina, la cual, a) colocada con el eje vertical lanza el aire hacia una cámara en su zona inferior desde donde se envía hacia atrás por unas hendiduras o conductos propulsores y b) colocada la hélice con el eje horizontal se utiliza para propulsar sobre el terreno, la hélice se gira alrededor de su arista delantera donde está abisagrada, en ambas posicione se fija mediante un blocaje mecánico o eléctrico. Lo conductos propulsores pueden colocarse en la zona posterior o en la posterior inferior de la embarcación, en ambos casos descargan el flujo de aire sobre el agua para incrementar la propulsión. Igualmente, la cámara presurizada alimenta unos conductos guiadores que lanzan el flujo de aire hacia adelante y lateralmente. El flujo de los conductos propulsores y guiadores se controla mediante una válvula selectora que varía el flujo de aire que sale por cada uno de dichos conductos. A alta velocidad con la propulsión se produce su elevación o levitación parcial hidráulico-aérea mixta, en parte hidráulica y en parte aérea. Pueden usarse una pareja de fanes (ventiladores) axiales o compresores centrífugos.The present hydrofoil consists of a boat whose hull has a wide bow and a large nose-up inclination and a flat, ribbed or flat bottom area with a large surface area with two lateral keels, a combustion engine or batteries or fuel cells drive a water pump or an electric motor that in turn drives the propeller, compressor or turbine, which, a) placed with the vertical axis, throws the air towards a chamber in its lower area from where it is sent backwards through some slits or ducts thrusters and b) placed the propeller with the horizontal axis is used to propel on the ground, the propeller rotates around its front edge where it is hinged, in both positions it is fixed by means of a mechanical or electrical blocking. The propulsion ducts can be placed in the rear or lower rear of the boat, in both cases they discharge the airflow over the water to increase propulsion. Likewise, the pressurized chamber feeds some guide ducts that launch the airflow forward and laterally. The flow of the propelling and guiding ducts is controlled by a selector valve that varies the flow of air that exits through each of said ducts. At high speed with the propulsion its elevation or partial mixed hydraulic-aerial levitation occurs, partly hydraulic and partly aerial. A pair of axial fans or centrifugal compressors can be used.

Con el eje de la hélice horizontal, o por no aplicar el flujo de aire por los conductos, se pierde la direccionalidad, por lo tanto, su flujo se puede dirigir girando el soporte y con ello la hélice alrededor de un eje vertical.With the axis of the propeller horizontal, or by not applying the air flow through the ducts, directionality is lost, therefore, its flow can be directed by rotating the support and with it the propeller around a vertical axis.

La proa inclinada tiene redondeada su zona superior y plana la inferior, con lo cual se eleva total o parcialmente, reduce la resistencia al avance y simultáneamente se produce una mayor velocidad, mayor rendimiento y por lo tanto un menor consumo de energía.The inclined bow has its upper area rounded and the lower area flat, thereby raising it totally or partially, reducing resistance to advance and simultaneously producing higher speed, higher performance and therefore lower energy consumption.

Al no llevar quilla la estabilidad se consigue principalmente mediante los distintos chorros de aire o girando horizontalmente el soporte de la hélice. Puede tener la zona inferior del casco plana y la frontal inclinada. La zona inferior puede estar acanalada longitudinalmente o puede tener dos quillas laterales que proporcionan una cámara que cuando es de aire actúa como un colchón de aire.By not having a keel, stability is achieved mainly through the different air jets or by rotating the propeller support horizontally. It can have the lower part of the helmet flat and the front inclined. The lower zone can be ribbed longitudinally or it can have two lateral keels that provide a chamber that when filled with air acts as an air cushion.

Las baterías se cargan con energías renovables y en las células de combustible (hidrógeno) este se obtiene con energías renovables.Batteries are charged with renewable energy and in fuel cells (hydrogen) this is obtained with renewable energy.

Pueden utilizarse materiales compuestos estructurales, (Estructuras de compuestos laminares, estructuras sándwich y estructuras no-laminares). Tienen alta resistencia: Baja densidad: Flexibilidad de formas: Alta resistencia dieléctrica: Resistencia a la corrosión, buen comportamiento a la fatiga. Al tener una buena resistencia a la fatiga y presentar muy buena resistencia a la corrosión se reducen las tareas de mantenimiento y costes de reparación. Y los polímeros. Como matrices usadas, tenemos: Termoplásticos: Elastómeros y Termoestables: Las resinas termoestables son las más usadas en la industria naval: Resina Poliéster, Resina Vinilester y Resina Epoxi. Y Fibra de Vidrio y de Carbono. Principales recubrimientos: Gelcoat y Topcoat.Structural composite materials can be used (laminar composite structures, sandwich structures and non-laminar structures). They have high resistance: Low density: Shape flexibility: High dielectric strength: Corrosion resistance, good fatigue behavior. By having a good resistance to fatigue and presenting very good resistance to corrosion, maintenance tasks and repair costs are reduced. And the polymers. As matrices used, we have: Thermoplastics: Elastomers and Thermosets: Thermosetting resins are the most used in the naval industry: Polyester Resin, Vinylester Resin and Epoxy Resin. And Fiberglass and Carbon. Main coatings: Gelcoat and Topcoat.

Pueden usarse aleaciones de metales ligeros anticorrosión o con una capa protectora cuando sea necesario. En especial las aleaciones de aluminio y algo menos las de magnesio. En muchas aleaciones interviene el níquel, el cromo y el cobre.Anti-corrosion or protective coated light metal alloys can be used where necessary. Especially aluminum alloys and somewhat less magnesium. Nickel, chromium and copper are involved in many alloys.

Las aleaciones más utilizadas de aluminio usando el código de clasificación 10XX son:The most commonly used aluminum alloys using the 10XX classification code are:

Las 2014, 2024 y 2090 utilizan el Al y Cu. También se mejoran añadiendo Li. Las 50XX.The 2014, 2024 and 2090 use Al and Cu. They are also improved by adding Li. The 50XX.

Las 6060 y 6061 añaden Mg y Si. Las 7075 que añaden Zn y las 8090 Al y Li.The 6060 and 6061 add Mg and Si. The 7075 that add Zn and the 8090 Al and Li.

Todas estas aportan alta resistencia mecánica, dureza, alta resistencia a la corrosión, aumentan la resistencia a la fatiga y son muy ligeros de peso.All of these provide high mechanical resistance, hardness, high resistance to corrosion, increase resistance to fatigue and are very light in weight.

Entre los recubrimientos orgánicos para el interior de la embarcación se encuentran las lacas y pinturas. Y entre los inorgánicos: Vitrificadores o esmaltes vitreos, metálicos, de capas porosas, polímeros, etc.Among the organic coatings for the interior of the boat are lacquers and paints. And among the inorganic: Vitrifiers or vitreous, metallic enamels, with porous layers, polymers, etc.

Los polímeros no son conductores, (tan solo hay unos pocos semiconductores) por eso se usan como elementos anticorrosión, pues la corrosión lleva consigo una interacción eléctrica entre la pieza medio electrolítico y el cátodo. Buen ejemplo son las pinturas poliméricas.Polymers are not conductors (there are only a few semiconductors) that is why they are used as anti-corrosion elements, since corrosion leads to an electrical interaction between the electrolytic medium part and the cathode. Good example are polymer paints.

Muy útiles las espumas metálicas de aluminio y las de Níquel, pero estas últimas son caras. En los materiales porosos los gases ocupan entre el 50% al 90% consiguiendo densidades entre el 0.03 - 0.2 gr/cm3. Los de aluminio son los preferidos ya que tienen bajas densidades, alta resistencia a la corrosión y bajo punto de fusión relativa, y se manipulan mejor. Y también los de níquel. Teniendo bajo coste de fabricación, durabilidad medioambiental y resistencia al fuego, los de aluminio compiten con los materiales compuestos, con más rigidez a menos coste. Por eso los especiales están limitados por el coste de producción su buena calidad. Los de aluminio se dividen en dos tipos los de estructura de poro cerrado y los de poro abierto entre 0.5 y 8 mm. Aluminio, níquel y cobre y magnesio y otras aleaciones con porosidad entre 5 y 75% y diámetro de poro 10 a 30 micrómetros y diámetros 100 a 300 micrómetros. En los paneles sándwich se reduce el peso el 25% y se aumenta la rigidez un 700%. Paneles sándwich de espuma de aluminio para vigas. Las espumas o materiales celulares crean poros abiertos del 99.99, 0.9mg/cm3, 100 veces más ligeros que el poliestireno extrusionado. El espesor de pared de un microtubo es de 100 nanómetros. Esto no solo proporciona un material excepcionalmente ligero, sino que también posee unas características mecánicas asombrosas. En primer lugar, su resistencia a la compresión es igual a la de tracción. Entre las más importantes está el microlattice, formado por nanotubos de níquel de 100 nm.Aluminum and Nickel metal foams are very useful, but the latter are expensive. In porous materials, gases occupy between 50% and 90%, achieving densities between 0.03 - 0.2 gr/cm3. Aluminum ones are preferred as they have low densities, high corrosion resistance and low relative melting point, and are better handled. And also the nickel ones. Having low manufacturing cost, environmental durability and fire resistance, aluminum ones compete with composite materials, with more rigidity at less cost. That is why the specials are limited by the cost of production and their good quality. Those of aluminum are divided into two types: those with a closed pore structure and those with an open pore between 0.5 and 8 mm. Aluminum, nickel and copper and magnesium and other alloys with porosity between 5 and 75% and pore diameter from 10 to 30 micrometers and diameters from 100 to 300 micrometers. In sandwich panels, the weight is reduced by 25% and the rigidity is increased by 700%. Aluminum foam sandwich panels for beams. Foams or cellular materials create open pores of 99.99, 0.9mg/cm3, 100 times lighter than extruded polystyrene. The wall thickness of a microtube is 100 nanometers. This not only provides an exceptionally light material, but also has amazing mechanical characteristics. First, its compressive strength is equal to its tensile strength. Among the most important is the microlattice, formed by 100 nm nickel nanotubes.

Los materiales pueden mezclarse con grafeno u óxido de grafeno. En caso de utilizar, acero deberá ser inoxidable y preferentemente galvanizado.The materials can be mixed with graphene or graphene oxide. If used, steel must be stainless and preferably galvanized.

Breve descripción de los dibujosBrief description of the drawings

La figura 1 muestra una vista esquematizada y lateral del hidroaerodeslizador de la invención. La figura 2 muestra una vista esquematizada y en planta del hidroaerodeslizador. Figure 1 shows a schematic and side view of the hydrofoil of the invention. Figure 2 shows a schematic and plan view of the hydrofoil.

La figura 3 muestra una vista esquematizada y lateral de una variante de hidroaerodeslizador. La figura 4 muestra una vista esquematizada y en planta de un hidroaerodeslizador con la hélice colocada con el eje horizontal.Figure 3 shows a schematic and side view of a hydrofoil variant. Figure 4 shows a schematic and plan view of a hydrofoil with the propeller positioned with the horizontal axis.

La figura 5 muestra una vista esquematizada y en planta del hidroaerodeslizador con la hélice colocada con el eje horizontal.Figure 5 shows a schematic and plan view of the hydrofoil with the propeller positioned with the horizontal axis.

La figura 6 muestra una vista esquematizada y en planta del hidroaerodeslizador con la hélice colocada con el eje horizontal.Figure 6 shows a schematic and plan view of the hydrofoil with the propeller positioned with the horizontal axis.

La figura 7 muestra una vista esquematizada y en perspectiva del hidroaerodeslizador.Figure 7 shows a schematic and perspective view of the hydrofoil.

Las figuras 8 y 9 muestran vistas esquematizadas y laterales del hidroaerodeslizador con dos modos de utilización de la hélice externamente.Figures 8 and 9 show schematic and side views of the hydrofoil with two modes of using the propeller externally.

La figura 10 muestra una vista parcialmente seccionada usando un compresor centrífugo.Figure 10 shows a partially sectioned view using a centrifugal compressor.

Realización preferente de la invenciónPreferred embodiment of the invention

La figura 1 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), la hélice propulsora (2), el motor eléctrico (3), la cámara presurizada (4) y el chorro o chorros de aire propulsores (5) y el parabrisas transparente (6). Los chorros pueden suplirse por múltiples lenguas o láminas de aire.Figure 1 shows the hydrofoil (1), the drive propeller (2), the electric motor (3), the pressurized chamber (4) and the propelling air jet(s) (5) and the transparent windshield (6). The jets can be supplied by multiple tongues or sheets of air.

La figura 2 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), la hélice propulsora (2) y el conducto o conductos que envían los chorros de aire propulsores traseros (5) y los que proporcionan flujo hacia adelante (5f). Los chorros pueden suplirse por múltiples lenguas o láminas de aire.Figure 2 shows the hydrofoil (1), the propulsion propeller (2) and the duct or ducts that send the rear propulsive air jets (5) and those that provide forward flow (5f). The jets can be supplied by multiple tongues or sheets of air.

La figura 3 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1) deslizándose sobre el terreno (11), el soporte o cubierta (7) de la hélice propulsora, la cual gira mediante la bisagra (8), el motor eléctrico (3) y el parabrisas transparente (6).Figure 3 shows the hydrofoil (1) sliding on the ground (11), the support or cover (7) of the propulsion propeller, which rotates through the hinge (8), the electric motor (3) and the transparent windshield ( 6).

La figura 4 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), el motor eléctrico (3), el parabrisas (6), el soporte o cubierta (7) de la hélice propulsora, la cual gira mediante la bisagra (8), el panel de control (9) y los asientos (10).Figure 4 shows the hydrofoil (1), the electric motor (3), the windshield (6), the support or cover (7) of the propulsion propeller, which rotates through the hinge (8), the control panel ( 9) and the seats (10).

La figura 5 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), el motor eléctrico (3), el parabrisas (6), la hélice propulsora (2), cuyo soporte gira mediante la bisagra (8), el panel de control (9) y los asientos (10). Añade las aletas laterales delanteras giratorias las cuales permiten incrementar el levantamiento o hundimiento de la proa del hidroaerodeslizador. Dichas aletas pueden estar unidas por un mismo eje de giro. Puede variarse la inclinación de las alas y de las aletas.Figure 5 shows the hydrofoil (1), the electric motor (3), the windshield (6), the propulsion propeller (2), whose support rotates through the hinge (8), the control panel (9) and the seats. (10). Adds swiveling forward side fins which allow for increased lift or sink of the hydrohovercraft's bow. Said fins can be joined by the same axis of rotation. The inclination of the wings and fins can be varied.

La figura 6 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), el motor eléctrico (3), el parabrisas (6), la hélice propulsora (2), cuyo soporte gira con la bisagra (8), el panel de control (9) y los asientos (10). Añade las alas (12a) que permiten incrementar el levantamiento o hundimiento de la nave. Dichas alas pueden ser inclinables y estar unidas con un mismo eje. Pueden portar en su zona inferior unas aletas flexibles estabilizadoras o esquíes que se apoyan sobre el agua.Figure 6 shows the hydrofoil (1), the electric motor (3), the windscreen (6), the propulsion propeller (2), whose support rotates with the hinge (8), the control panel (9) and the seats. (10). Add the wings (12a) that allow you to increase the lift or sink of the ship. Said wings can be tiltable and be connected to the same axis. They can carry flexible stabilizing fins or skis that rest on the water in their lower area.

La figura 7 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), la hélice (2) su soporte (7) y el parabrisas (6). La figura 8 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), el motor eléctrico (3), el parabrisas (6), el soporte de la hélice (7) el cual gira mediante la bisagra (8). Deslizándose sobre el terreno (11). Figure 7 shows the hydrofoil (1), the propeller (2), its support (7) and the windshield (6). Figure 8 shows the hydrofoil (1), the electric motor (3), the windscreen (6), the propeller support (7) which rotates through the hinge (8). Sliding on the ground (11).

La figura 9 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1), el motor eléctrico (3), el parabrisas (6), el soporte de la hélice (7), los cuales se colocan en la zona posterior más retrasada para que no afecte a los pasajeros. Esta disposición podría ser fija y complementada con la propulsión por flujo de aire en el fondo sobre el agua Se muestra desplazándose sobre el terreno (11).Figure 9 shows the hydrofoil (1), the electric motor (3), the windscreen (6), the propeller support (7), which are placed in the rearmost rear area so as not to affect the passengers. This arrangement could be fixed and complemented with the propulsion by air flow at the bottom over the water. It is shown moving over the ground (11).

La figura 10 muestra el hidroaerodeslizador (1) parcialmente elevado, el parabrisas (6), las quillas laterales (13) y el compresor centrífugo (14) actuando como propulsor. Figure 10 shows the hydrofoil (1) partially raised, the windshield (6), the side keels (13) and the centrifugal compressor (14) acting as a propeller.

Claims

1. Hydrofoil, made up of a boat which, due to the impulsion of a fluid, allows it to glide and partially lift over the water, characterized in that it comprises a hull that has a wide bow and a nose-up inclination, and a large-surface lower area. , with two lateral keels, a combustion engine or batteries or fuel cells drive a water pump or an electric motor that in turn drives the propeller, compressor or turbine, which, a) placed with the vertical axis launches the air towards a chamber in its lower area from where it is sent backwards through propulsion slits or ducts and b) placed the propeller with the horizontal axis is used to propel on the ground, the propeller is rotated around its front edge where it is hinged, in both positions it is fixed by means of a mechanical or electrical blockage, the propulsion ducts can be placed in the rear area or in the lower rear area of the boat. n, in both cases they discharge the air flow over the water to increase propulsion, likewise, the pressurized chamber feeds some guiding ducts that launch the air flow forwards and laterally, the flow of the propelling and guiding ducts are controlled by means of a selector valve that varies the flow of air that comes out of each of said conduits, at high speed with the propulsion its elevation or partial mixed hydraulic-aerial levitation occurs, partly hydraulic and partly aerial.

2. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower area of the ship is flat.

3. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the ship has two lateral keels that provide a chamber that, when filled with air, acts as an air cushion.

4. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses fans (fans) or axial turbines, centrifugal compressors or water pumps as propellants.

5. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that with the axis of the axial propellers in a horizontal position, the flow is directed by rotating the support and thus the propellers around a vertical axis.

6. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that the inclined bow has its upper zone rounded and the lower zone flat.

7. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that stability is achieved mainly through the different jets of air or water, rotating the support of the propellers horizontally or tilting some wings or lateral fins, which may have a common axis.

8. Hydrofoil according to claim 7, characterized in that the wings (12a) carry flexible fins or stabilizing skis in their lower area that rest on the water.

9. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that the batteries are charged with renewable energy.

10. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that in fuel cells (hydrogen) this is obtained with renewable energy.

11. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is built with composite materials, laminar composite structures, sandwich structures and non-laminar structures.

12. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is built with thermoplastic materials: elastomers and thermosets, thermosetting resins: Polyester Resin, Vinylester Resin, Epoxy Resin, Fiberglass and Carbon Fiber.

13. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that the main coatings are: Gelcoat and Topcoat.

14. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is built with anti-corrosion light metal alloys or with a protective layer, especially aluminum alloys, nickel, chromium and copper are involved in the alloys.

15. Hydrofoil according to claim 14, characterized in that the most commonly used aluminum alloys using the 10XX classification code are: 2014, 2024 and 2090 use Al and Cu, which improve by adding Li, 50XX. 6060 and 6061 add Mg and Yes, the 7075 that add Zn and the 8090 Al and Li.

16. Hydrofoil according to claim 1, characterized in that it is built with aluminum and nickel metal foams, with stainless steel and preferably galvanized steel.

17. Hydrofoil, according to claim 1, characterized in that it is built with microlattice, made up of small 100-nanometer nickel tubes.

18. Hydrofoil according to claim 14, characterized in that the materials are mixed with graphene or graphene oxide.