ES1260589U - CONSTRUCTION PIECE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Piece for construction that at least includes: - a first base (1) and a second base (2) arranged parallel and opposite to the first base (1); - a first face (3) and a second face (4) located between the first base (1) and the second base (2), the second face (4) arranged opposite the first face (3), where both faces (3, 4) extend in a longitudinal direction (X-X'); - the first base (1) and the second base (2) are communicated by means of a plurality of perforations (7, 8); characterized because - the plurality of perforations (7, 8) comprises a first group of perforations (7) with a first characteristic diameter and a second group of perforations (8) with a second characteristic diameter, the latter smaller than the first characteristic diameter; - the second group of perforations (8) is longitudinally distributed according to the longitudinal direction (X-X') along a central region (R) centered on the first base (1) and the second base (2); - the first group of perforations (7) is distributed on either side of the central region (R) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X'). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

DESCRIPTION

CONSTRUCTION PIECE

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a piece for construction with perforations of two characteristic diameters arranged in such a way as to cause an acoustic insulation effect.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the construction industry we can find multiple examples of stackable pieces to build buildings and other types of infrastructure. These pieces are normally in the shape of an ortohedron, although they can be found in different shapes and sizes, and they can be manufactured with different materials such as ceramic or concrete.

These pieces for construction usually have, in addition, a series of perforations of the same size distributed uniformly by the faces destined to be stacked. The utility of these perforations is multiple, on the one hand a lighter piece is obtained and on the other hand it favors that the adhesive element used to join the pieces is inserted through them, helping to distribute it homogeneously to facilitate the correct assembly of the pieces and improve their fixation.

However, it would be desirable that the construction pieces have characteristics that are not found in the models available on the market and that provide benefits to the infrastructures that are composed of them, such as acoustic insulation, a property of great importance in today's society. .

Solutions based on modification of the materials are known so that materials traditionally used in the manufacture of these pieces are combined, and others that act as additives by modifying the properties of acoustic propagation through the piece. This option makes the manufactured part more expensive and the additives often reduce the resistant properties of the material.

The following invention proposes a solution to the problem mentioned above by one-piece construction means that will count a plurality of perforations combining perforations of at least two sizes and with a specific distribution in such a way that the above identified problems are overcome and produce an acoustic insulation effect.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide a construction piece that solves the problem of providing acoustic insulation to the infrastructures that are built with it.

Said piece for construction at least comprises:

- a first base and a second base arranged parallel and opposite to the first base; - a first face and a second face located between the first base and the second base, the second face arranged opposite the first face, where both faces extend according to a longitudinal direction ( X-X ');

- the first base and the second base are communicated by means of a plurality of perforations;

In this way, the invention refers to a construction piece that has two parallel and opposite bases that will be those destined to allow stacking forming walls or other construction infrastructures, usually making use of an adhesive element that will help to fix them. This stack is usually formed with staggered positions that ensure the stability of the construction.

It also has two faces located between the first and the second base, following the longitudinal direction (X-X '), the second face arranged opposite the first. The longitudinal direction (X-X ') is preferably defined by the longest dimension and parallel to both the two bases and the two faces. One of the faces will be exposed in the outer area of the infrastructure, usually the outer or visible face, with the opposite face remaining in the inner, inner or hidden face.

In addition, the two bases are communicated by a plurality of perforations where, according to the preferred example, they are through and perpendicular to the two bases.

The piece of the invention is characterized in that

- the plurality of perforations comprises a first group of perforations with a first characteristic diameter and a second group of perforations with a second characteristic diameter, the latter smaller than the first characteristic diameter;

- the second group of perforations is longitudinally distributed according to the longitudinal direction ( X-X ') along a central region centered on the first base and the second base;

- the first group of perforations is distributed on either side of the central region according to the longitudinal direction ( X-X ').

Said plurality of perforations comprises a first group with a first characteristic diameter and a second group with a second characteristic diameter smaller than the first.

The second group of perforations, of smaller characteristic diameter, is longitudinally distributed according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') along a central region (R) centered on the first and second bases. The smaller perforations of this group produce in the central zone a greater density of the material with respect to the two regions that cross said central zone so that according to a transverse direction from the first face to the second face an acoustic wave passes through three regions, the first one with a certain average density, a second region with a higher average density and, finally, a third region again with a lower average density crosses.

When the pieces thus configured are used to build a wall, it also shows three regions of a certain depth with changes in average density, for which discontinuities in density are generated that generate reflections and therefore a greater degree of acoustic screening. In this way, the construction causes a greater resistance to acoustic penetration and, therefore, forming an acoustic barrier that will isolate the interior area of the infrastructure from possible unwanted sounds or noises.

To achieve this effect, the first group of perforations is distributed on either side of the central region (R) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X '). The perforations of this group, larger than those of the second group, allow a lower material density on both sides of the central zone.

In addition to the above-mentioned sound insulation effect, the perforations They also serve to house part of the adhesive element used to join the pieces, helping it to be distributed evenly, facilitating the correct assembly of the pieces and improving their fixation.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the perforations have a circular section.

This configuration allows a simple manufacture with tools commonly used in the manufacture, for example, of bricks that pass through the piece at the time of molding.

According to another example of embodiment of the invention, the second group of perforations is distributed according to a longitudinal alignment according to the direction ( XX).

By means of this specific configuration of the smaller perforations a robust distribution is achieved since it does not establish the highest degree of compaction of the perforations and at the same time facilitates the manufacture at the time of molding.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the second group of perforations is distributed alternately along the longitudinal direction ( XX).

As an alternative to the previous embodiment, by alternating the perforations, a smaller distance between perforations is achieved. This distribution makes it possible to give greater width to the central area without the excess material of manufacturing problems due to the appearance of stresses.

According to another example of embodiment of the invention, the alignment of perforations of the second group of perforations has perforations with the first characteristic diameter interspersed.

This specific configuration in which the smaller perforations are interspersed with the larger perforations produces a discontinuity in the density of material in different areas of the central region, with a higher density of material in the areas with a perforation of the second group and a lower density of material in the areas with a perforation of the first group, said discontinuity in density generates reflections and therefore a higher degree of acoustic screening.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the perforations of the first group are distributed on each side of the central region according to an alignment parallel to the longitudinal direction ( X-X ').

This specific configuration of the larger perforations produces a more robust distribution, since it does not establish the highest degree of compaction of the perforations and at the same time facilitates the manufacture at the time of molding.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the perforations of the first group are distributed on each side of the central region in an alternate manner and distributed along the longitudinal direction ( X-X ').

As an alternative to the previous embodiment, this specific configuration of the larger perforations allows a smaller distance between perforations, which produces a greater reduction in the density of material in the outer areas with respect to the central region, enhancing to a greater degree the change in the average density of the piece and causing a better behavior as an acoustic barrier.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first base and the second base are flat.

This specific design in which the first and second base are flat allows a simple manufacture of the piece with tools commonly used in the manufacture of bricks, for example, and contributes to the construction of walls and other infrastructures by facilitating their successive stacking or even when it is The offset between courses is necessary to adapt to more complex configurations.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first face and the second face are flat.

In this specific design, the flat faces allow a simple manufacture of the piece with tools commonly used in the manufacture of bricks, for example, in addition to facilitating its successive alignment in the construction of an infrastructure or wall if the design of the same requires it. .

According to another embodiment of the invention the ends according to the direction longitudinal ( X-X ') are complementary in shape to allow snap-fit alignment between successive pieces.

Through this specific design, the piece has two complementary faces that contribute to the correct alignment and successive fit of the pieces in the construction of walls or other infrastructures.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the ends in the longitudinal direction ( X-X ') are flat.

By means of this specific design, a simple manufacture with common tools used in the manufacture of bricks for example is favored, in addition to facilitating their successive alignment in the construction of walls or other infrastructures.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the first face and the second face comprise a grating to facilitate the bonding of the adhesive.

In this specific design there is a first face, for example destined to be the outer part, and a second face, for example destined to be the inner part, of the construction part, it is possible to facilitate the joining of a finishing layer of the wall made with this piece.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the ends in the longitudinal direction ( X-X ') comprise a grating to facilitate the bonding of the adhesive.

By means of this specific design in which the ends according to the longitudinal direction are grated, the correct union of the construction pieces with the adhesive is favored when they are placed consecutively forming an infrastructure or for the union with a finishing layer if it finally remains located any of these faces in the construction on a visible surface.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the perforations are perpendicular to the first base and the second base.

This configuration of the perforations allows a simple manufacture with tools commonly used in the manufacture, for example, of bricks that pass through the piece in the moment of its molding in addition to promoting the penetration of the adhesive element due to the effect of gravity. This effect will facilitate the correct assembly and fixing of the pieces when they are placed in operating mode, in which the first base is for example intended to be the upper base and the second base is for example destined to be the lower base.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the detailed description that follows of a preferred embodiment, given solely by way of illustrative and non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying figures. .

Figure 1 This figure shows a perspective view of a construction part according to a first embodiment that comprises two specific ways of distributing two groups of perforations with different dimensions.

Figure 2 This figure shows a plan view of the construction part of Figure 1

Figure 3 This figure shows a perspective view of a construction part according to a second embodiment that comprises another alternative form of distribution of the perforations of different size.

Figure 4 This figure shows a plan view of the construction part of Figure 3

DETAILED EXHIBITION OF THE INVENTION

Figures 1 and 2 show a first example of embodiment of the invention, figure 1 shows a perspective of the part and figure 2 shows a plan of the same part allowing the distribution of perforations to be observed without distortion.

The piece according to this first embodiment has a prism configuration with rectangular bases, a first base (1) and a second base (2) that serve to allow successive stacking and; four flat faces parallel two by two and perpendicular in turn to the two bases (1,2).

Of the four flat faces that, in operational mode, are arranged vertically, the two largest faces will be distinguished as the first face (3), for example destined to be an outer face, the second face (4) located opposite the first face (3 ).

Both faces (3, 4) show a grating (3.1, 4.1) to facilitate the joining of a finishing layer of the wall made with this piece.

Finally, the piece also has two smaller faces located at the ends (5, 6) according to the longitudinal direction of the piece (X-X '). In this same figure 1 the longitudinal direction (X-X ') is shown as the direction in which the piece extends along its longer sides and therefore it is parallel to both the two bases (1, 2) and the faces older (3, 4).

These two smaller faces (5, 6) also show a grating (5.1, 6.1) which may well be to facilitate the bonding with the adhesive or for the bonding with a finishing layer if it is finally located in the construction on a visible surface.

Going to the first base (1) where the distribution of the different perforations is shown, shown in both figure 1 and figure 2, a region (R) is identified in the central area that extends according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') so that on either side two portions of the area adjacent to the first face (3) and to the second face (4) remain outside.

The perforations distributed in the bases (1, 2) have at least two different characteristic diameters. In this case, since the perforations are circular in section, the characteristic diameter is the diameter of the circumference of the section. According to this embodiment, the central region shows two small diameter perforations (8) and it is outside the region (R) that the larger diameter perforations (7) are located.

However, in the region (R), which is where the smaller diameter perforations are distributed, in this embodiment they are also combined with larger diameter perforations. The result continues to be a central area with a higher material density due to the presence of smaller diameter perforations (7).

In this same embodiment, the perforations of the first group (7), the ones with the largest dimension and located outside the central region (R), they are distributed in an aligned manner according to a single row resulting in a compact piece in the longitudinal direction (X-X ').

In the central region (R), two perforations with a circular sector section are included to cover the ends where there would otherwise be an excessive amount of mass. In manufacturing processes with concrete or ceramic material, an excessive concentration of mass can cause stresses and cracks in the manufactured parts, hence these two non-circular perforations.

Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment with many elements common to those described in the first embodiment. In particular the general configuration, the lateral hatches (3.1, 4.1, 5.1,6.1) and the distribution of perforations outside the central region (R).

On the contrary, the perforations located in the central region (R) include three smaller perforations (8) leaving only two larger ones (7), so the mass in the central region (R) is further increased, giving as resulted in a greater jump in mean density compared to regions outside said central region (R).

Claims (14)

1. - Piece for construction that at least includes: - a first base (1) and a second base (2) arranged parallel and opposite to the first base (1); - a first face (3) and a second face (4) located between the first base (1) and the second base (2), the second face (4) arranged opposite the first face (3), where both faces ( 3, 4) extend in a longitudinal direction (X-X '); - the first base (1) and the second base (2) are communicated by means of a plurality of perforations (7, 8); characterized by what - the plurality of perforations (7, 8) comprises a first group of perforations (7) with a first characteristic diameter and a second group of perforations (8) with a second characteristic diameter, the latter smaller than the first characteristic diameter; - the second group of perforations (8) is longitudinally distributed according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') along a central region (R) centered on the first base (1) and the second base (2); - the first group of perforations (7) is distributed on either side of the central region (R) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X '). 2. - Ceramic piece according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforations (7, 8) have a circular section. 3. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second group of perforations (8) is distributed according to a longitudinal alignment according to the direction (X-X '). 4. - Ceramic piece according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the second group of perforations (8) is distributed alternately along the longitudinal direction (X-X '). 5. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the alignment of perforations of the second group of perforations (8) has perforations interspersed with the first characteristic diameter. 6. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations of the first group (7) are distributed on each side of the central region (R) according to an alignment parallel to the longitudinal direction (X-X '). 7. - Ceramic piece according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the perforations of the first group (7) are distributed on each side of the central region (R) as alternately and distributed along the longitudinal direction (X-X '). 8. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first base (1) and the second base are flat (2). 9. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first face (3) and the second face (4) are flat. 10. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends (5, 6) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') have a complementary shape to allow the alignment with fit between successive pieces. 11. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ends (5, 6) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') are flat. 12. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first face (3) and the second face (4) comprise a grating (3.1,4.1) to facilitate the bonding of adhesive. 13. - Ceramic piece according to any of claims 10 to 12, where the ends (5, 6) according to the longitudinal direction (X-X ') comprise a grating (5.1, 6.1) to facilitate the bonding of adhesive. 14. - Ceramic piece according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations (7, 8) are perpendicular to the first base (1) and to the second base (2).