ES1071669U - Concentrador solar linear parabolico autoorientable (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents

Abstract

Self-aligning parabolic linear solar concentrator characterized by: a) A metallic support structure, light, with external dimensions of approximately 2100 mm x 1000 mm, consisting of two trapeziums (1) joined at their lower corners by two lateral braces (2). b) A mirror surface or other reflective material of 2000 mm x 1000 mm (3) that by attaching three tensioners of 900 mm (4) and two tensioners of 2000 mm (5) perpendicular to the previous ones (joined at an angle 45 °), forms a perfect linear parabola with a distance between the focus (F) and the directive of 600 mm. c) Stainless steel metal tube that acts as a heat collector-concentrator (6) and that runs along its axis the focus (F) of the parabola subject to the 900 mm turnbuckles (4) by means of three surrounding rings (7). The tube axis is located, once it is fixed to both trapeziums (1), at a distance of 300 mm from the vertex of the parabola that forms the mirror surface or other reflective material (3). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Parabolic linear solar concentrator self-orientating

Object of the invention

This invention is based on the physical principle or optical concentration of solar rays in the focus of a parable. It is a device where there is a surface reflective (plastic glass, aluminum, etc.) of 2 m 2 arranged in the form of a perfect parable, continuously orientable of automatically according to the solar position by means of a motor direct current (preferably 12 V) activated by sensors lighting and timer devices or "end of career".

Its fundamental application is for heating of domestic water (ACS, heating) although it can be Applied for heating other fluids. Your disposition geographical, both on the ground and on roofs, can be East-West or North-South following the solar path

Background of the invention

The physical principle on which the invention is based It is well known and used at industrial and experimental level (i.e. Almería Solar Platform), but its small-scale applicability and for domestic use it is virtually unknown or limited, if Compare with solar panels. One of the reasons may be that the efficiency or performance of concentrators based on the parable demands the permanent orientation of it, in such a way that the incidence of solar rays is perpendicular to the guideline of the parable so that the rays are focused on the focus.

That effect would be achieved with a solar tracker; however, the solar trackers available in the market are designed for large industrial parabolic installations or for target many flat panels at the same time, so they have a price very high or very large, being unfeasible for use domestic. Although there is numerous bibliography on concentration of solar energy through the beginning of the parable, until the Date the applicant of this invention is not aware of the existence of devices for domestic use under the terms proposed in the application of this utility model.

Description of the invention 1. Structure

The invention is solved in a structure metallic (or other resistant material) very stable but lightweight, with very precise measurements (maximum dimension: 2.10 x 1.00 x 0.65 m), in the which the various components are mountable and removable by screws. The measures make it very easy to create a linear parabola with a reflective material that concentrates the solar radiation in a fixed metal tube, although in turn detachable, to a structure support. By said metal tube water circulates (valid for another fluid) that is heated by the direct action of concentrated solar radiation.

Along the metal tube, which runs through the Focus of the parabola and acts as a collector, three anchors are arranged symmetrically attached to three metal rings (optionally with bearings) concentric to the tube, of which three tensioners parallel to the guideline are suspended, which allow to support on both sides metal profiles (or plastics) of 2 m in length to keep the parable non-deformable. This device, being fixed the tube that runs the focus of the parabola in the support structure, allows the rotation of it, around the metal tube, virtually effortlessly. This facilitates that the necessary driving force to orient the parabola is supplied by a low-power motor and low-power light sensors, using low-voltage power supplies (ideally
12 V).

The engine, power supply and automatisms they will be located under the parabola in insulated box for use Exterior. The transmission of the movement from the engine will take out by means of a pulley and a toothed belt attached below the parable joining the ends of the central tensioner.

2. Orientation (Solar tracking)

The tracking mechanism is designed to East-West or North-South layout. It is based on three dark and one light sensors, all high sensitivity and that are available in the market. The Sensor activation will occur due to the shadow cast the tube that runs the focus on the parabola. The description offered below is for the northern hemisphere although the same it is valid for the southern hemisphere by reversing the provision North South.

2.1. Orientation in disposition East West

When the parable is oriented, the sun casts a very definite shadow over its vertex. On both sides of said shadow are placed two dark sensors that activate the turn of a 12V motor. As the sun travels along its path, the shadow cast by the tube activates one (SS_ {1}) or another sensor (SS_ {2}), which in turn activates the movement of the parabola (turn left or right) using the motor.

The turning path (left or right) is interrupts right at the apex of the parabola (center of the shadow) when the light sensor (SL) is activated so that interrupts the electric current when receiving the shadow, since SL acts as a shadow sensor switch (SS_ {1} and SS_ {2}) that are arranged in series after SL in the electrical circuit. So that the stop at the apex of the parabola is precisely, SL is placed on one of the hoops that surrounds the metal tube, under a small witness (metallic or plastic) located in the plane of the axis of the parabola and that casts a very narrow shadow (approximately 5 mm) on SL.

2.2. Beginning of available guidance East-West (automatic adjustment)

At the end of the daily solar tour (in the sunset), the parabola is arranged in a position similar to the beginning of it (in the ortho). Auto orientation starts after of dawn, by activating another shadow sensor (SS_ {3}) arranged on the edge of the parabola or above said edge by means of an adjustable guide. This guide would allow adjust the height of the SS_ {3} sensor and take advantage of the sunrays from the first moment of the ortho when the sunlight had sufficient intensity so that the tube that runs the focus of the Parabola can form a shadow detectable by SS_ {3}. After activate SS_ {3} the engine and the same movement as SS_ {1}, the parable stops when it is perfectly oriented to the sun because the light detector SL acts that interrupts the movement when it gives the shadow. In this position, until sunset, already only SS_ {1}, SS_ {2} and SL act.

2.3. Orientation in disposition North South

The same principles and components as in the East-West provision, intervene in the North-South provision. However, at the end of solar path, the parabola is oriented to the west, so that it is necessary to attach a "limit switch" device or timer for the parabola to return to the east orientation. A Once in such an orientation the parabola will be adjusted according to described in the previous sections (2.1 and 2.2).

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Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1.- Shows the plant (A), elevation (B) and profile (C) of the parabolic linear solar concentrator, as well as the provision of control mechanisms.

Figure 2.- Schematically shows the Basics of solar concentrator orientation control. TO: Projection of the shadow of the collecting tube on the vertex of the parabola and arrangement of shadow sensors (SS_ {1}, SS_ {2} and SS_ {3}) and light (SL). B: SS_ {3} activation scheme following the path of the sun at the beginning of the ortho for the beginning of the orientation of the parable. C: Layout scheme East-West and D: Layout scheme North South.

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Description of a preferred embodiment

According to the description and figures, the way of building the invention is based on a lightweight structure (preferably metallic) removable by screws, of external dimensions 2,100 mm x 1,000 mm. Such structure originates a support where it is supported and secured by two screws (one at each side) the collector tube (6) that will be made of steel tube 6 cm diameter stainless. The support has two trapezoids (1) where the stainless steel manifold tube (6) is screwed and that they are joined at the bottom by two lateral braces (2) of 2 m (arranged one on each side). Under the parable two plates of iron (or other equivalent material) located at 480 mm one of other connect the two side braces (2) of the structure 180 mm high support of the parabola guideline (12), to screw a watertight plastic casket where the driving elements, power supply and components electronic

A perfect parable is formed by building three tensioners (4) with iron L-profile (or other resistant material) 2.5 cm that are arranged geometrically as seen in the Fig. 1. Said tensioners (4) are connected to three concentric rings (7) to the collecting tube (6) (the rings can be made of iron, steel or bearings) using an L-shaped profile of 2.5 cm iron and 90 mm Length (9). Finally, the three tensioners (4) support each side of the parable, two iron bars (5) sufficiently resistant 2 m where the reflective material (3) is held to maintain the non-deformable parabola with the vertex 300 mm from its guideline (12).

The reflective material (3), whose dimensions are 2,000 mm x 1,000 mm is "plastic mirror" large capacity 0.5 mm or 0.8 mm thick chromed aluminum or reflector.

The shadow sensors (SS_ {1}, SS_ {2}, SS_ {3}) and light (SL) are encapsulated in glass, such as it is reflected in the figures, although SS_ {3} can move along the guide (11). The control circuit is constituted by a 12 V motor-reducer (8), four cards relays for light and shadow sensors and a power supply of 12 V. The whole set is protected in a waterproof case under the parable. The driving force is transmitted from the motor-reducer (8) using a toothed belt (10) of nylon or rubber attached to the side tensioners (5). Through a serial arrangement of the activation relays of the sensors darkness (SS_ {1}, SS_ {2}, SS_ {3}), SL acting as general switch, you get an orientation control that makes the parable permanently oriented to the sun. He motor-reducer (8) is protected by a relay in If accidentally the shadow sensors SS_ {1} / SS_ {3} or SS_ {2} send opposite polarity signals.

Claims (3)

1. Self-orientating parabolic linear solar concentrator characterized by:

to)

A metal support structure, lightweight, external dimensions 2100 mm x 1000 mm approx., consisting of two trapezoids (1) joined in their lower vertices by two lateral braces (2).

b)

A mirror surface or other reflective material of 2000 mm x 1000 mm (3) than by clamping three tensors of 900 mm (4) and two 2000 mm tensioners (5) perpendicular to the previous ones (joined in an angle of 45º), forms a perfect linear parabola with a distance between the focus (F) and the guideline of 600 mm.

C)

Tube stainless steel metallic that acts as heat collector-concentrator (6) and running through along its axis the focus (F) of the parabola attached to the tensioners 900 mm (4) using three surrounding rings (7). Tube shaft it is placed, once it is fixed to both trapezoids (1), at a distance 300 mm from the vertex of the parabola that forms the surface of mirror or other reflective material (3).

2. Self-orientating parabolic linear solar concentrator according to claim 1 characterized by:

A device solar tracking for East-West layout and for North-South provision based on at least three darkness sensors (SS_ {1}, SS_ {2} and SS_ {3}) and a sensor light (SL). The mechanisms of the sensors are fed by a 12V DC power source and are arranged in series to from SL. For the North-South arrangement, incorporates in the electrical circuit a timer or end device of career.

3. Self-orientating parabolic linear solar concentrator according to claims 1 and 2 characterized by:

Device motor consisting of at least one motor-reducer (8), of direct current at 12 V, which is activated when SL receives a light signal and SS_ {1}, SS_ {2} or SS_ {3} detects the shadow of the heat collector-concentrator (6). He motor-reducer (8) through a pulley, transmits the movement to the linear parabola (3) by means of a strap (10) connected to the 900 mm tensioners (4).