ES1063036U

ES1063036U - Modular formwork for stairs (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Info

Publication number: ES1063036U
Application number: ES200601148U
Authority: ES
Inventors: Miguel Martinez Ortega
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-05-19
Filing date: 2006-05-19
Publication date: 2006-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2016-05-19
Also published as: ES1063036Y

Abstract

Modular formwork for stairs, of the type comprising two side straps, between which is established the formation of the steps of the staircase, characterized in that the side straps (1) are structured longitudinally by a set of pieces of sheet metal or similar, comprising an end piece of base (4) and an upper end piece (5), between which there are successive intermediate pieces (6) with which the necessary length is determined, being incorporated on said structures of the side straps (1) triangular pieces (9), with respect to which the formation of the steps is structured by means of horizontal plates (10) and vertical plates (11) that are fixed on said triangular pieces (9). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

Description

Encofrado modular para escaleras.Modular formwork for stairs.

Technical sector

La presente invención está relacionada con el ámbito de la construcción, proponiendo un encofrado compuesto por elementos que combinados entre si permiten determinar diferentes estructuras para la formación de escaleras.The present invention is related to the field of construction, proposing a formwork composed of elements that combined with each other allow to determine different structures for the formation of stairs.

State of the art

En el ámbito de la construcción los encofrados son el medio habitual para formar estructuras de obra con cemento u hormigón, y en tal sentido, para el encofrado de formación de una escalera hay que crear una estructura que sirva de soporte para el cemento u hormigón y que se pueda retirar una vez endurecido este. Dicha estructura se compone convencionalmente por una base inclinada sobre la cual se aplican elementos recortados a medida, con los cuales se determinan los escalones, teniendo en cuenta siempre un rango de medidas concreto que es el que se maneja en la construcción actual.In the field of construction formwork they are the usual means to form structures with cement or concrete, and in that sense, for the formwork of formation of a ladder you have to create a structure that supports the cement or concrete and that can be removed once hardened. Said structure is conventionally composed of a base inclined on which custom cut-out elements are applied, with which the steps are determined, taking into account always a specific range of measures that is the one that is handled in the current construction

El material utilizado para ello es generalmente la madera, ya que es fácil de manipular y de recortar según las formas y tamaños deseados. Sin embargo supone un problema, debido a que se pierde generalmente mucho tiempo en la preparación de las tablas, las cuales se deben preparar específicamente para cada uso, de manera que para cada encofrado hay que serrar nuevas piezas destinadas para realizar los encofrados, puesto que las tablas se deterioran en la aplicación y por lo general no se puedan reutilizar.The material used for this is generally the wood, since it is easy to handle and cut according to the desired shapes and sizes. However, it is a problem due to that a lot of time is usually wasted in the preparation of tables, which should be prepared specifically for each use, so that for each formwork you have to saw new pieces intended for formwork, since the tables are deteriorate in the application and usually cannot be re-use.

Además las variaciones de medida que hay de unas escaleras a otras provocan que las tablas usadas en el encofrado de una no sea reutilizable para otra escalera, con lo cual el gasto en nuevo material es constante.In addition the measurement variations that there are of some stairs to others cause the boards used in the formwork of one is not reusable for another ladder, thereby spending on New material is constant.

Object of the invention

De acuerdo con la invención se propone un encofrado modular destinado para la formación de escaleras, con el cual se puede realizar un fácil montaje y desmontaje en utilización repetida tantas veces como se desee, ya que se compone de piezas recuperables, con las cuales se puede además adaptar la formación a las características de cada construcción.According to the invention, a modular formwork intended for the formation of stairs, with the which can be easily assembled and disassembled in use Repeated as many times as desired, as it consists of pieces recoverable, with which you can also adapt the training to The characteristics of each construction.

Este encofrado objeto de la invención consta de una serie de piezas diferentes, las cuales pueden ser combinadas mediante una fácil unión, permitiendo formar composiciones que se adaptan a las diferentes dimensiones que se utilizan en la realización de escaleras.This formwork object of the invention consists of a series of different pieces, which can be combined by an easy union, allowing to form compositions that are adapt to the different dimensions that are used in the realization of stairs.

Dichas piezas son, preferentemente, de un material metálico, que garantiza la resistencia y la conservación, permitiendo que puedan ser utilizadas las piezas muchas veces sin que se deterioren.Said pieces are preferably of a metallic material, which guarantees resistance and conservation, allowing the pieces to be used many times without They deteriorate.

La estructura del encofrado a formar para la construcción de las escaleras comprende unas correas laterales, los escalones y la base; siendo las correas unas estructuras laterales del encofrado mediante las que se establece la unión entre la superficie inferior y la superior que han de ser unidas mediante la escalera, marcando estas estructuras el ángulo de inclinación, y sobre ellas se establece la localización de los escalones.The formwork structure to be formed for the construction of the stairs includes some side straps, the steps and base; the straps being lateral structures of the formwork by which the union between the lower and upper surface to be joined by the ladder, marking these structures the angle of inclination, and on them the location of the steps is established.

Dichas estructuras de las correas se forman en el encofrado de la invención por dos piezas extremas de forma poligonal irregular que se adaptan a las superficies rectas del plano inferior y del plano superior de terminación de la escalera, uniéndose estas piezas extremas con otras piezas intermedias que forman la longitud de la correa correspondiente en cada caso.Said belt structures are formed in the formwork of the invention by two extreme pieces of form irregular polygonal that adapt to the straight surfaces of the lower plane and upper plane of completion of the stairs, joining these extreme pieces with other intermediate pieces that they form the corresponding belt length in each case.

Las piezas extremas pueden determinar una configuración adaptada para apoyar sobre el plano superior o inferior de las superficies de la construcción a unir, o bien una configuración de apoyo sobre el borde frontal de las correspondientes superficies de la construcción.The extreme pieces can determine a configuration adapted to rest on the upper plane or bottom of the construction surfaces to be joined, or a support configuration on the front edge of the corresponding construction surfaces.

Las piezas intermedias son por su parte rectangulares, pudiendo preverse de varias medidas longitudinales para formar la longitud de las correas que sea necesaria en cada caso.The intermediate pieces are for their part rectangular, being able to provide several longitudinal measures to form the length of the straps that is necessary in each case.

Las piezas componentes de cada correa se unen entre sí mediante unas pletinas de unión, las cuales se fijan a las piezas correspondientes por medio de atornillados, preferentemente con tuercas de palomilla par facilitar el montaje y desmontaje sin herramientas.The component parts of each belt are joined each other by means of joining plates, which are fixed to the corresponding parts by means of bolts, preferably with wing nuts to facilitate assembly and disassembly without tools

Sobre la estructura de las correas se disponen unas piezas determinantes de los escalones, las cuales son de una forma triangular, constituyéndose en apoyos para unas placas horizontales y otras verticales, que se disponen sobre dichas piezas, configurando la forma de los escalones entre las correas laterales; poseyendo dichas placas de formación de los escalones unos orificios rasgados que permiten la fijación de las mismas en la formación de escaleras de diferente anchuras.On the structure of the straps are arranged determining parts of the steps, which are of one triangular shape, becoming supports for plates horizontal and other vertical, which are arranged on said pieces, setting the shape of the steps between the straps laterals; having said step formation plates torn holes that allow them to be fixed in the formation of stairs of different widths.

La base del encofrado se puede formar de un modo convencional, por ejemplo mediante un entablado que determine una superficie cerrada, sobre la cual se disponen las correas laterales.The formwork base can be formed in a way conventional, for example by a board that determines a closed surface, on which the straps are arranged lateral.

Description of the figures

La figura 1 muestra un lateral de la estructura de formación del encofrado de una escalera según la invención.Figure 1 shows a side of the structure for forming the formwork of a ladder according to the invention.

Las figuras 2, 3 y 4 representan las formas de diferentes piezas extremas que se pueden utilizar en la formación de las correas del encofrado.Figures 2, 3 and 4 represent the forms of different extreme pieces that can be used in training of the formwork belts.

Las figuras 5, 6 y 7 representan ejemplos de piezas intermedias de distintas medidas para formar las correas del encofrado.Figures 5, 6 and 7 represent examples of intermediate pieces of different sizes to form the straps of the formwork

La figura 8 representa una pieza triangular de la formación de los escalones en el encofrado.Figure 8 represents a triangular piece of the formation of the steps in the formwork.

Las figuras 9 y 10 representan, respectivamente, una placa horizontal y una placa vertical, de las que se utilizan para la formación de los escalones en el encofrado.Figures 9 and 10 represent, respectively, a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, of which they are used for the formation of the steps in the formwork.

Las figuras 11 y 12 representan dos ejemplo de formación del encofrado en unas formas diferentes a la de la figura 1.Figures 11 and 12 represent two examples of formwork formation in shapes different from that of the figure one.

Detailed description of the invention

El objeto de la invención se refiere a un encofrado modular destinado para la construcción de escaleras mediante obra de cemento u hormigón, formándose este encofrado mediante piezas, preferentemente de chapa metálica, las cuales se unen permitiendo formar combinaciones en adaptación a diferentes formas y medidas de las escaleras a construir.The object of the invention relates to a modular formwork intended for the construction of stairs by cement or concrete work, forming this formwork by pieces, preferably of sheet metal, which are unite allowing to form combinations in adaptation to different shapes and measures of the stairs to build.

La estructura de un encofrado para dicha aplicación se forma con unas correas laterales (1), mediante las cuales se establece la unión entre las superficies del piso inferior (2) y del piso superior (3) a comunicar con la escalera, con la inclinación que corresponda, de manera que sobre las mencionadas correas laterales (1) se forman los escalones en la medida de la anchura de la escalera que se halle prevista.The structure of a formwork for said application is formed with side straps (1), by means of which is the union between the floor surfaces lower (2) and upper floor (3) to communicate with the stairs, with the corresponding inclination, so that on the mentioned side belts (1) the steps are formed in the measure of the width of the ladder that is planned.

Cada correa lateral (1) se compone de una pieza extrema de base (4) y una pieza extrema superior (5), entre las cuales se disponen unas piezas intermedias (6), con las que se determina la longitud de la correa correspondiente (1) en cada caso, como se observa en la figura 1.Each side strap (1) consists of one piece base end (4) and a top end piece (5), between the which intermediate pieces are arranged (6), with which determine the length of the corresponding belt (1) in each case, as seen in figure 1.

En la aplicación práctica el montaje del encofrado puede realizarse en apoyo sobre la superficie inferior del piso superior (3) y sobre el frente del piso inferior (2), como representa la figura 11, o en apoyo sobre la superficie superior del piso inferior (2) y sobre el frente del piso superior (3), como representa la figura 12.In practical application the assembly of the formwork can be performed in support on the lower surface from the upper floor (3) and on the front of the lower floor (2), as represents figure 11, or in support on the upper surface from the lower floor (2) and on the front of the upper floor (3), as represents figure 12.

De acuerdo con ello se hallan previstas piezas extremas de base (4.1) con una forma específica, como la representada en la figura 2, para apoyar en el frente del piso inferior (2), como en la figura 11, y piezas extremas superiores (5.1) con una forma también específica, como la representada en la figura 4, para apoyar en el frente del piso superior (3), como en la figura 12, así como unas piezas (7) con una forma particular, como la representada en la figura 3, que se pueden utilizar tanto en el extremo inferior como en el extremo superior, para apoyar por encima del piso inferior (2), como en la figura 12, o por debajo del piso superior (3), como en la figura 11.Accordingly, parts are planned base extremes (4.1) with a specific shape, such as the represented in figure 2, to rest on the front of the floor lower (2), as in figure 11, and upper end pieces (5.1) with a specific form, such as that represented in the Figure 4, to rest on the front of the upper floor (3), as in Figure 12, as well as parts (7) with a particular shape, as shown in figure 3, which can be used both at the lower end as at the upper end, to support by above the lower floor (2), as in figure 12, or below from the upper floor (3), as in figure 11.

La formación longitudinal de las correas (1) se realiza con las piezas intermedias (6), las cuales pueden ser todas iguales de una dimensión longitudinal submúltiplo de la medida de la correa (1) a formar, coincidiendo, por ejemplo, con la distancia que ocupan los distintos escalones de la escalera, como en la figura 1. Pero debido a que la longitud de las escaleras a formar puede ser variable, se prevén piezas intermedias (6.1, 6.2) de otras medidas, que permiten ajustar la dimensión de las correas (1) a las medidas necesarias en cada caso, como en las figuras 11 y 12.The longitudinal formation of the belts (1) is performs with the intermediate pieces (6), which can be all equals of a submultiple longitudinal dimension of the measure of the belt (1) to be formed, coinciding, for example, with the distance that occupy the different steps of the stairs, as in the Figure 1. But because the length of the stairs to form can be variable, intermediate parts (6.1, 6.2) of other measures, which allow adjusting the size of the straps (1) to the necessary measures in each case, as in figures 11 and 12.

La unión entre las piezas componentes de las correas se realiza mediante unas pletinas (8), las cuales se fijas a las distintas piezas (4, 5 y 6) por atornillado, utilizándose preferentemente tuercas de palomilla, para facilitar el montaje y el desmontaje sin necesidad de herramientas.The union between the component parts of the Straps are made by means of plates (8), which are fixed to the different parts (4, 5 and 6) by screwing, using preferably palomilla nuts, to facilitate assembly and disassembly without tools.

La estructura de los escalones en el encofrado se forma con unas piezas (9) de forma triangular que se disponen sobre las correas (1), incorporándose sobre dichas piezas (9) unas placas horizontales (10) que determinan la base superior de los escalones, y unas placas verticales (11) que determinan el frente de los escalones.The structure of the steps in the formwork is form with triangular shaped pieces (9) that are arranged on the belts (1), incorporating on said pieces (9) some plates horizontal (10) that determine the upper base of the steps, and vertical plates (11) that determine the front of the steps

Con dichas placas horizontales (10) y verticales (11) se determina la longitud de los escalones en la anchura de la escalera a realizar, estando previstas esas placas (10 y 11) con unos orificios rasgados (12), por medio de los cuales se puede realizar la fijación sobre las piezas triangulares (9) en adaptación a distintas medidas de la anchura de la escalera, de modo que con las mismas placas (10 y 11) se pueden formar encofrados para escaleras de diferentes anchuras, reduciendo así el número de piezas diferentes necesarias para las aplicaciones de uso.With said horizontal (10) and vertical plates (11) the length of the steps in the width of the ladder to be made, those plates (10 and 11) being provided with torn holes (12), by means of which you can make the fixation on the triangular pieces (9) in adaptation to different measures of the width of the stairs, of so that with the same plates (10 and 11) they can be formed formwork for stairs of different widths, thus reducing the number of different parts required for the applications of use.

La formación del encofrado se completa con una plataforma de cierre inferior, sobre la cual se disponen las correas (1), pudiendo ser realizada dicha plataforma mediante un entablado de madera o cualquier otra forma convencional.The formwork formation is completed with a lower closing platform, on which the belts (1), said platform can be realized by means of a wood boarding or any other conventional form.

Claims

1. Modular formwork for stairs, of the type comprising two lateral belts, between which the formation of the stair steps is established, characterized in that the lateral belts (1) are structured longitudinally by a set of pieces of sheet metal or similar , comprising an end piece of base (4) and an upper end piece (5), between which successive intermediate pieces (6) are arranged with which the necessary length is determined, being incorporated on said structures of the side straps (1) triangular pieces (9), with respect to which the formation of the steps is structured by means of horizontal plates (10) and vertical plates (11) that are fixed on said triangular pieces (9).

2. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the component parts of the side straps (1) are joined together by means of plates (8) that are fixed by bolts, which are preferably made with wing nuts which allow assembly and disassembly without tools.

3. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the lateral belts (1) are capable of resting on the front edge of the platform of the lower (2) and upper (3) floors between which it is constructed the ladder, being provided basic end pieces (4.1) and upper end pieces (5.1) with specific shapes for that arrangement.

4. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the side straps (1) are capable of resting on the upper surface of the lower floor platform (2) and on the lower surface of the upper floor platform (3) among which the ladder is constructed, with extreme pieces (7) being provided with a particular shape for that arrangement.

5. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the intermediate pieces (6) for forming the lateral belts (1) can all be the same, corresponding to the spaces that occupy the stair steps.

6. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that in the formation of the side belts (1) intermediate pieces (6, 6.1, 6.2) of different longitudinal dimensions can be used, to adapt different lengths of formation of the mentioned side straps (1).

7. Modular formwork for stairs, according to the first claim, characterized in that the step structuring plates (10 and 11) are provided with torn holes (12) that allow the use of said plates (10 and 11) in the Formwork formation for different stair widths.