Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
  • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
  • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
  • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
  • H01H71/2454—Electromagnetic mechanisms characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
  • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/14—Pivoting armatures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
  • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
  • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
  • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
  • H01H71/2472—Electromagnetic mechanisms with rotatable armatures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
  • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
  • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
  • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
  • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
  • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
  • H01H71/323—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with rotatable armature
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
  • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
  • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
  • H01H50/24—Parts rotatable or rockable outside coil
  • H01H50/26—Parts movable about a knife edge
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
  • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
  • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
  • H01H50/40—Branched or multiple-limb main magnetic circuits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
  • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
  • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
  • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of polarized high sensitivity electromagnetic trip units for electrical protection equipment and the field of electrical protection equipment fitted with such polarized high sensitivity electromagnetic trip units, in particular of the differential protection type.
• the electromagnetic trip unit also commonly called a relay, is an essential component of the differential function. It connects the electronic circuit of the differential function, which, along with a measuring toroid, detects differential faults, to the mechanical part consisting of the mechanical lock and the electrical contacts that perform the breaking.
• An electromagnetic trip unit generally consists of a magnetic circuit, most often in two parts: a fixed part and a moving part, a permanent magnet, a spring, and a coil that can be powered by an external electronic circuit.
• the choice of the electromagnetic trip unit's magnetic structure must meet very stringent specifications, requiring compact dimensions to optimize its integration into electrical protection equipment, electrical characteristics enabling robust and compact differential functions, immunity to electromagnetic and climatic environments, and mechanical stability. To allow for cost-effective industrialization, the electromagnetic trip unit's structure must also optimize the use of high-quality magnetic materials and reduce the number of assembly steps.
• the measuring toroid, the electronic circuit, and the high-sensitivity polarized electromagnetic trip unit are usually sized to meet regulatory specifications related to personal protection and also volumetric constraints to allow integration into the increasingly compact platforms of electrical protective equipment.
• the key This compact design stems in particular from the volume of the electromagnetic trigger, its power, and its stability. Indeed, an electromagnetic trigger that provides stable triggering at a low power level allows the use of a small measuring toroid.
• the publication DE102014226042A1 discloses an electromagnetic trigger comprising a magnetic system including an armature with a first magnetic foot and a second magnetic foot having a U-shape.
• a movable paddle is mounted to rotate about a pivot point relative to the magnetic system.
• a spring element is further attached by a first hook to the magnetic system at its first end.
• the spring element is also coupled to the movable paddle via a spring support mounted on the movable paddle, which has a second hook mounted on the movable paddle at its midpoint, to which the spring element is attached at its second end.
• the spring element is substantially positioned above the movable paddle, parallel to the movable paddle.
• the publication DE102018204673A1 It reveals a similar configuration and further shows that the electromagnetic trigger comprises a magnet surrounded by two lugs resting on the outer faces of a first magnetic foot and a second magnetic foot.
• the magnet extends vertically along the entire height of the end face of the armature, being attached to it.
• the spring support is located above the lugs.
• the document EP0829896A2 describes a magnetic trip unit for a residual current circuit breaker, comprising a magnetic circuit powered by a permanent magnet with a U-shaped armature and a pivoting pivoting vane at a tilting edge, and a pre-tensioned spring element for activating the pivoting vane in the opposite direction to a force generated by the permanent magnet.
• the spring element is a torsion spring with its winding axis aligned with the tilting edge.
• This solution offers the advantage The goal was to create a highly efficient hinge, but at the expense of compactness. This is because the frame comprises two V-shaped breech plates, and the permanent magnet is formed as a prism. As a result, the magnet volume and the thickness of the electromagnetic trigger are greater compared to the solutions described previously.
• the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and proposes a new high-sensitivity electromagnetic trigger structure with a small volume compared to the prior art known, which allows it to meet the compactness constraints.
• the invention also relates to an electrical protection device comprising an electromagnetic trigger, characterized in that the electromagnetic trigger is according to the invention.
• this configuration allows, by modifying the position of the magnet 10, which is usually attached to the first end face 13 of the armature 2 and extends over the entire second height h2, for space to be freed up opposite the first end face 13 of the armature 2 and on the side of the movable pallet 15 to house at least part of the return element 16.
• the return element 16 extends along the first direction D1, called vertical, substantially parallel to the first end face 13.
• the return element 16 may have a tolerance angle between 0 degrees and 10 degrees with respect to the first end face 13.
• the return element 16 is considered to extend along the first direction D1, referred to as vertical, substantially parallel to the first end face 13 in the sense of the present invention, this angle being considered small.
• the movable pallet 15 can be pressed against the first and second polar faces 4 and 6, and optionally against the second coupling end 23 of the hinge support 21 described below.
• the magnet 10 extends longitudinally in a second direction D2 called horizontal perpendicular to the first direction D1.
• the magnet 10 can be disposed relative to the armature 2 with its greatest length in the direction of the second horizontal direction D2.
• the electromagnetic trigger further includes a hinge support 21 housed in the receiving space 18, being fixed relative to the armature 2, and comprising a first coupling end 22 coupled to the first end 19 of the spring element and a second coupling end 23 coupled directly or indirectly to the movable pallet 15.
• a hinge support 21 housed in the receiving space 18, being fixed relative to the armature 2, and comprising a first coupling end 22 coupled to the first end 19 of the spring element and a second coupling end 23 coupled directly or indirectly to the movable pallet 15.
• the hinge support 21 is also housed mostly in the receiving space 18, which helps to optimize the compactness of the electromagnetic trigger.
• the first armature piece 3 and/or the second armature piece 5 preferably have at least one notch 28 to form a housing 29 in the armature 2 to partially receive the magnet 10.
• the housing 29 of the armature 2 allows part of the volume of the magnet 10 to be integrated into the armature 2, which improves the compactness of the electromagnetic trigger.
• the first armature piece 3 and the second armature piece 5 preferably each have a notch 28, the housing 29 is provided in the first end face 13 on the side of the base face 17 and the magnet 10 has at least a first part 30 disposed in the housing 29 and a second part 31 protruding from the first end face 13.
• the housing 29 of the armature 2 allows the volume of the first part of the magnet 30 to be integrated, which makes it possible to improve the compactness of the electromagnetic trigger, since only the volume of the second part 31 is salient from the first end face 13 of the armature 2 and not the entire volume of the magnet 10 as is the case in the prior art cited.
• the electromagnetic trigger preferably comprises a first breech 24 and a second breech 25 surrounding the magnet 10 and forming the said first and second magnetic legs 11, 12, the first breech 24 resting on a first external face (not visible) of the first armature piece 3 and the second breech 25 resting on a second external face 27 of the second armature piece 5.
• the derivation of the magnetic field of the magnet 10 is done using the first and second yokes 24, 25.
• the magnet 10 is preferably mounted flush with the first and second external faces 27 and the first and second yokes 24, 25 are parallel to the first and second external faces 27 and the magnet 10 has a parallelepiped shape preferably rectangular.
• the thickness of the electromagnetic trigger can be reduced.
• the electromagnetic trigger comprises a single breechblock 32 resting on the second outer face 27 of the second armature piece 5 forming the second magnetic leg 12 and the first armature piece 3 extends to form the first magnetic leg 11, the single breechblock 32 and the first magnetic leg 11 surrounding the magnet 10.
• the derivation of the magnetic field of the magnet 10 is done using the single yoke 32 and the first magnetic leg 11 extending and forming part of the first armature piece 3. This results in a reduction in the number of parts compared to the first embodiment described previously.
• the magnet 10 has a truncated pyramid shape with a square or rectangular base
• the single yoke 32 has a deflected portion 33
• the first magnetic leg 11 is parallel or deflected with respect to the first external face of the first armature piece 3.
• the shape of magnet 10 allows for optimization of its volume while also reducing the thickness of the electromagnetic trigger.
• the single bolt 32 and the first magnetic leg 11 have shapes that advantageously conform to the shape of magnet 10.
• the magnet 10 has a right truncated pyramid shape with a rectangular base, the single breech 32 has a deflected portion 33, and the first magnetic leg 11 is parallel to the first external face of the first armature piece 3.
• the magnet 10 has a truncated pyramid shape with a rectangular base, the single breech 32 has a deflected portion 33, and the first magnetic leg 11 is deflected relative to the first external face of the first armature piece 3.
• the electromagnetic trigger has a thickness e between 8 and 9 millimeters.
• the return element 16 is a tension spring.
• the armature 2 is preferably in two pieces 3, 5.
• the first end face 13 is disposed on the side of the magnet 10.
• the second end face 14 is disposed on the side of the coil 1.
• the base face 17 is disposed opposite the first and second polar faces 4, 6.
• the first reinforcement piece 3 and second reinforcement piece 5 are each formed from at least one plate.
• the first reinforcement piece 3 and second reinforcement piece 5 are preferably substantially parallel to each other and joined for example by welding while being at a distance from each other to form the air gap 8.
• the first reinforcement piece 3 preferably has an L shape with a vertical segment 34 and a horizontal segment which meet at a right angle, the vertical segment 34 bearing the first polar face 4.
• the second armature piece 5 preferably has a U shape with a first arm 9' and a second arm 9 which are joined by a connecting segment 9".
• the second arm 9 is surrounded by the coil 1 and has the second polar face 6.
• the vertical segment 34 and the first arm 9' are substantially preferably opposite each other.
• the horizontal segment and the joining segment 9" are preferably roughly opposite each other.
• the first polar face 4 and the second polar face 6 are preferably coplanar.
• the second height h2 of the first and second reinforcement pieces 3, 5 corresponds to their maximum height in the first direction D1.
• the magnet 10 is permanent and is made of a ferromagnetic material, for example an AlNiCo alloy, or ferrite.
• Magnet 10 preferably has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or a truncated pyramid with a square or rectangular or cylindrical base (not shown) or a prism.
• the first height h1 of the magnet 10 corresponds to its height in the first direction D1.
• the first and second magnetic legs 11, 12 have the function of surrounding and conforming to the shape of the magnet 10 at least laterally, that is to say at the level of the main lateral faces 26, 26' of the magnet 10.
• the height of the first and second magnetic legs 11, 12 is greater than or equal to the first height h1 of the magnet 10.
• the armature 2, the first and second magnetic legs 11, 12 and the movable pallet 15 are made of magnetic materials with high permeability, such as FeNi.
• the movable pallet 15 is pivotally mounted relative to the frame 2 at a pivot joint 36 about a pivot point.
• the pivot joint 36 preferably rests on the vertical segment 34 and the first arm 9' and has a third face 37 relative to which the movable pallet 15 pivots.
• the first polar face 4, second polar face 6, and third face 37 of the pivot joint 36 are preferably coplanar.
• the pivot joint 36 is preferably made of a non-magnetic material.
• the movable paddle 15 is in contact with the first polar face 4, the second polar face 6, and the third face 37 so as to close the magnetic circuit comprising said armature 2 and the movable paddle 15.
• the mobile pallet 15 is rotated and is at a distance from the first polar face 4, and from the second polar face 6.
• the mobile pallet 15 for example, has the shape of a bar with a rectangular or square section, preferably straight.
• the mobile pallet 15 can be covered by a sheet 38 at its end resting on the third face 37.
• the mobile pallet 15 is coupled indirectly or directly to the return element 16 preferably at this end.
• the receiving space 18 is designed to receive at least the return element 16 above a portion of the magnet 10, and opposite the first end face 13.
• the return element 16 may be received wholly or partially within the receiving space.
• the receiving space 18 also allows for at least partial reception of the hinge support 21.
• the third height h3 of the reception space 18 which extends in the first direction D1 corresponds approximately to the second height h2 subtracted from the first height h1.
• the reception space 18 has a first width l1 in the direction of the second direction D2.
• the return element 16 is preferably coupled indirectly via the first end 19 to the frame 2 through the hinge support 21.
• the return element 16 is coupled directly via the second end 20 to the mobile pallet 15 or the return element 16 is coupled indirectly via the second end 20 to the mobile pallet 15 through the sheet metal 38.
• the hinge support 21 is preferably fixed to the first end face 13.
• the hinge support 21 is preferably a plate with a U-shaped cutout forming the second coupling end 23 and a portion bent perpendicular to the plate or a hook forming the first coupling end 22.
• the notch 28 in the first reinforcement piece 3 and the notch 28 in the second reinforcement piece 5 are preferably made at a corner where The first end face 13 and the base face 17 meet.
• Each notch 28 preferably has a square or rectangular shape
• the electromagnetic trigger comprises a U-shaped armature 2 made of magnetic material.
• the armature 2 is in two parts and includes a first armature piece 3 with a first polar face 4 and a second armature piece 5 with a second polar face 6.
• the first armature piece 3 and the second armature piece 5 are joined together at a point 7, spaced apart to form an air gap 8.
• the second armature piece 5 is U-shaped, with a first arm 9' and a second arm 9, which is surrounded by the coil 1.
• the electromagnetic trigger further includes a movable paddle 15 pivotally mounted relative to the armature 2 and a return element 16 in the form of a tension spring coupled to the movable paddle 15.
• the electromagnetic trigger also includes a permanent magnet 10, surrounded by the first and second magnetic legs 11. 12 which are located in the extension of the first end face 13. More specifically, the magnet 10 is attached to the first end face 13 and extends from the base face 17 of the frame 2 over a first height h1 that is less than a second height h2 of the first and second frame pieces 3, 5.
• This arrangement provides a receiving space 18 above the magnet 10, located opposite the first end face 13.
• the receiving space 18 extends over the third height h3 and allows, in particular, for the partial reception of the return element 16.
• the return element 16 is arranged longitudinally along the first direction D1, called vertical, in the receiving space 18, and is coupled by its first end 19 to the frame 2 and by its second end 20 to the movable pallet 15.
• the magnet 10 extends longitudinally along the second direction D2, called horizontal, perpendicular to the first direction D1.
• the hinge support 21 is housed in the receiving space 18 in addition to the return element 16.
• the first armature piece 3 and the second armature piece 5 each have the notch 28 to form the housing 29 in the armature 2 to partially receive the magnet 10, which has a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
• This A housing 29 is provided in the first end face 13 on the side of the base face 17 and the magnet 10.
• the first part 30 of the magnet 10 is disposed in the housing 29, and the second part 31 of the magnet protrudes from the first end face 13.
• the first and second magnetic legs 11, 12 are respectively in the form of the first yoke 24 and the second yoke 25 and surround the magnet 10.
• the first yoke 24 rests on the first outer face of the first armature piece 3, and the second yoke 25 rests on the second outer face 27 of the second armature piece 5.
• the two main faces of the magnet 10 are mounted flush with the first and second outer faces 27, and the first and second yokes 24, 25 are parallel to the first and second outer faces 27.
• THE figures 6 to 11 illustrate at least partially a second embodiment of the electromagnetic trigger according to the invention.
• the first and second magnetic pins 11, 12 is particularly different.
• the first armature piece 3 does not include a notch 28, and the second armature piece 5 has a notch 28 to form the housing 29 in the armature 2 to partially receive the magnet 10.
• the electromagnetic trigger includes a single breech 32 which rests on the second outer face 27 of the second armature piece 5 and which forms the second magnetic leg 12 and has a deflected portion 33.
• first armature piece 3 extends to form the first magnetic leg 11, which is parallel to the first outer face and the first inner face of the first armature piece 3.
• the single flared breech 32 and the straight first magnetic leg 11 laterally surround the magnet 10, which has the shape of a right truncated pyramid with a rectangular base.
• the main lateral face 26' right of the magnet 10 rests on the first inner face of the first armature piece 3 at the level of the first magnetic leg 11 and the other main lateral face 26 of the magnet 10 which is opposite flares out towards the base face 17 relative to the second external face 27 by being salient from it and is in contact with the inner wall of the deflected portion 33.
• the base of the pyramid is parallel to the base face 17.
• THE figures 12 to 16 @ illustrate at least partially a third embodiment of the electromagnetic trigger according to the invention.
• the first and second magnetic lugs 11, 12 is particularly different.
• the first armature piece 3 extends to form the first magnetic lug 11, which is deflected relative to the first outer face of the first armature piece 3.
• the single yoke 32 and the first magnetic lug 11 flare outwards and laterally surround the magnet 10, which has a pyramidal shape with a truncated rectangular base.
• the main lateral faces 26, 26' of the magnet 10 flare outwards towards the first end face 13, respectively relative to the first and second outer faces 27, projecting from them.
• the base of the truncated rectangular pyramid is parallel to the base face 17.
• the invention also relates to an electrical protection device comprising an electromagnetic trigger, characterized in that the electromagnetic trigger is according to the invention and as described above.
• Differential electrical equipment can be, for example, of the type of differential circuit breaker called RCBO, differential switch called RCCB, differential block called AOB.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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Citations (7)

• 2024
  • 2024-06-04 EP EP24315269.1A patent/EP4661049A1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (7)

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