[go: up one dir, main page]

EP4569382A1 - Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas - Google Patents

Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas

Info

Publication number
EP4569382A1
EP4569382A1 EP23757210.2A EP23757210A EP4569382A1 EP 4569382 A1 EP4569382 A1 EP 4569382A1 EP 23757210 A EP23757210 A EP 23757210A EP 4569382 A1 EP4569382 A1 EP 4569382A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
master
elements
composite web
master elements
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23757210.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Giehl
Mirko Riethmüller
Isabelle Maret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jenoptik AG
Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Original Assignee
VEB Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VEB Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH, Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH filed Critical VEB Carl Zeiss Jena GmbH
Publication of EP4569382A1 publication Critical patent/EP4569382A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/20—Copying holograms by holographic, i.e. optical means
    • G03H1/202—Contact copy when the reconstruction beam for the master H1 also serves as reference beam for the copy H2
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/26—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to produce multiple sub- holograms or to obtain images from them, e.g. multicolour technique
    • G03H1/2645—Multiplexing processes, e.g. aperture, shift, or wavefront multiplexing
    • G03H1/265—Angle multiplexing; Multichannel holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • G03H1/0408—Total internal reflection [TIR] holograms, e.g. edge lit or substrate mode holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/0276—Replicating a master hologram without interference recording
    • G03H2001/0296—Formation of the master hologram
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • G03H2001/0413—Recording geometries or arrangements for recording transmission holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/0402—Recording geometries or arrangements
    • G03H2001/0415—Recording geometries or arrangements for recording reflection holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
    • G03H1/20—Copying holograms by holographic, i.e. optical means
    • G03H2001/205—Subdivided copy, e.g. scanning transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
    • G03H2210/50—Nature of the object
    • G03H2210/54—For individualisation of product
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
    • G03H2210/50—Nature of the object
    • G03H2210/56—Multiple objects, e.g. each in different environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/18—Prism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2223/00—Optical components
    • G03H2223/25—Index matching material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2227/00—Mechanical components or mechanical aspects not otherwise provided for
    • G03H2227/04—Production line for mass production

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for replicating a plurality of holograms.
  • the device comprises a first carrier means for arranging a sequence of master elements from a plurality of master elements depending on a plurality of holograms to be replicated, so that upper surfaces of the master elements are aligned in a horizontal plane, and a lamination module for releasable lamination of a light-sensitive composite web the aligned top surface of the master elements.
  • the device further comprises an exposure module for exposing the master elements in order to replicate the master holograms into the photosensitive composite web, and a detachment module for detaching the exposed composite web from the master elements.
  • the master elements are detachably introduced into the first carrier means, so that a sequence and/or composition of the master elements can be varied for the replication of the plurality of holograms.
  • the master elements are introduced into the first carrier means in such a way that two or more surfaces of the master elements are optically accessible for the purpose of exposure.
  • the invention relates to the field of replication of holograms.
  • HOEs typically refer to optical components in which holographic properties are used to achieve a specific beam path of light, such as transmission, reflection, diffraction, scattering and/or deflection, etc. This means that desired optical functionalities can be implemented in a compact manner in any substrate.
  • the holographic properties preferably exploit the wave character of light, in particular coherence and interference effects. Both the intensity and the phase of the light are taken into account.
  • Such holographic elements are used in many areas, such as: B. in transparent displays (e.g. in shop windows, refrigerated cabinets, vehicle windows), for lighting applications, such as information or warning signals in glass surfaces, light-sensitive detection systems, for example for interior monitoring (eye tracking in vehicles or presence status tracking of people indoors).
  • Many HOEs have large dimensions, for example covering an entire windshield.
  • HOEs can also have smaller dimensions, for example for use in banknotes and security seals.
  • Holograms are created by the interference of a reference beam with the light reflected from the surface of an object (object rays). Traditionally, three-dimensional objects have been used to create unique, customized holograms.
  • HOEs are often mass-produced through duplication processes. Such reproduction processes usually use a master hologram, which has the image to be copied.
  • the master hologram often has similar dimensions to the HOE.
  • the materials for the master hologram are often more expensive than the replicated HOEs because the master holograms are typically made of a more durable metal or are embedded in a transparent substrate of high rigidity and surface quality as a master element.
  • the production of master holograms is also costly due to the use of custom processes, whether traditional or computer-generated.
  • Master holograms are often stored in a substrate body that carries the master hologram.
  • the substrate body is preferably transparent.
  • the substrate body preferably has multiple surfaces, including an upper or lower surface that may be horizontally oriented.
  • the combination of the master hologram with the substrate body forms a master element.
  • the size of the master element is usually a multiple of the size of the master hologram.
  • the heavy weight of master elements is caused by the hard, transparent materials such as glass used for the substrate body.
  • the continuous duplication of a single master hologram to produce a series of identical copies of such HOEs is known.
  • this process occurs through an embossing process into a light-sensitive material to produce reflection holograms.
  • the reproduction can also be done by optical exposure to create a volume hologram.
  • a light-sensitive Material brought into optical contact with a master element and exposed to coherent light.
  • the photosensitive material may be provided in the form of a web and transported by rolling through various work stations to produce the HOEs. Such tracks are often only available in standard widths, which are adapted, for example, to the width of rolls in the workstations.
  • An alternative may be to use multiple master holograms to produce the HOEs side by side across the width of the web. Although this improves material utilization, it creates challenges for the placement of the master holograms. In particular, unevenness between the master holograms can lead to poor optical contact between the web and the master holograms, so that undesirable reflections occur at the interfaces.
  • a possible solution to this problem is to integrate different master holograms into a single, large-area master element. A large-area master element can provide a perfectly flat and continuous surface to create the required optical contact with the web.
  • master holograms of different motifs should be replicated at the same time. On the one hand, this can be preferred in order to use one replication system for different applications at the same time. To provide a large-scale HOE, it may also be necessary to replicate a large number of HOEs of different types, which are then combined to form a large-scale HOE.
  • the different holograms to be replicated can differ from each other not only because of the motifs they contain, but also because of their type.
  • transmission and reflection holograms are known, which in turn are divided into categories such as edge-lit, back-lit, etc.
  • Holograms for different purposes need to be exposed in different ways and from different angles, for example to match the position of a light source used to reconstruct the hologram.
  • the same master element includes a large number of master holograms of different motifs and types
  • simple laser scanning over the entire master element is not suitable.
  • the design of an optical setup in order to expose different master holograms of the same master element from different angles without areas being exposed incorrectly is complex.
  • the master holograms in the master element must be separated from one another particularly widely in order to avoid unwanted superimposition of light beams.
  • the device preferably allows changes to be carried out in a simple manner and is particularly suitable for the more flexible, material-saving replication of holograms in small and large dimensions. Furthermore, it would be desirable to create simple ways to vary master holograms between short series, with the master holograms being easy to store and exchange.
  • the known methods of serial reproduction are not easily suitable.
  • the hologram being created can either be unique or contain a unique combination of features such as numbers, symbols and images.
  • these holograms may be required to be of different types with different exposure requirements.
  • transmission holograms may be necessary for use in glasses with a certain tint or strength (see WO2016202595A1).
  • the holograms may be reflection holograms, for example for use in a display.
  • the holograms may need to be a certain color or only be visible from a certain angle.
  • a method that increases the flexibility of using master holograms in a production series.
  • the method involves bringing a photosensitive web into contact with a matrix of small, discrete master elements.
  • the master elements themselves include changeable features such as: B. a counter and are arranged in a framework so that only their top is accessible for exposure. The arrangement therefore enables exposure from only one side in order to produce reflection holograms only.
  • Exposing the master holograms from above is revealed to be the only way to create different holograms in the light-sensitive path without causing unwanted superimpositions between the different images.
  • the reference beam must pass through various components with different optical indices through which it is refracted differently. Between layers with different optical indexes - for example between the master elements, the light-sensitive web and the surrounding air - interfaces occur at which there is a high risk of reflections. This can cause undesirable exposure patterns to occur.
  • a method for replicating multiple reflection holograms is known.
  • the holograms to be copied are provided side by side on the surface of a drum with a polygonal cross-section or prismatic shape, each lateral surface of the drum having at least one master hologram.
  • a photosensitive material is passed over the surface of the drum for exposure.
  • rollers are passed over the surface of the drum. Similar to the device according to US2007024939A1, this arrangement only allows exposure of reflection holograms. There is no greater flexibility in exposing different types of holograms.
  • wrapping the photosensitive material over the surface of a multi-sided prismatic drum can degrade the mechanical quality of the photosensitive material and leave undesirable grooves or wrinkles.
  • An arrangement is therefore required that enables the gentle handling of a composite web in order to carry out a flexible replication process.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for replicating a plurality of holograms without the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the invention relates to a device for the replication of a plurality of holograms, comprising a first carrier means for an arrangement of a sequence of master elements from a plurality of master elements depending on a plurality of holograms to be replicated, so that upper surfaces of the master elements are aligned in a horizontal plane, a lamination module for releasably laminating a photosensitive composite sheet to the aligned top surfaces of the master elements, and an exposure module for exposing the master elements to the
  • the master elements being releasably introduced into the first carrier means, so that a sequence and/or composition of the master elements for the replication of the plurality of holograms can be varied and wherein the master elements are also introduced into the first carrier means in such a way that two or more surfaces of the master elements are optically accessible for the purpose of exposure.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that several master holograms can be exposed in a single series and at the same time there is great flexibility in the exposure method.
  • the size and weight of each master element can be reduced.
  • a large hologram can be formed from several smaller motifs. These can be part of a larger picture or as a standalone component appear.
  • the master elements can represent individual holograms that are to be separated after copying.
  • the transparent substrates used to house the master holograms can be prepared and polished more easily.
  • the transport and storage of smaller and lighter master elements is also more economical, as they can be stacked to save space, transported without special lifting devices and can be easily inserted or removed from the device.
  • the device according to the invention allows optimal material utilization of the light-sensitive composite web.
  • the carrier means can extend over the entire width of the composite web, so that the master holograms can be replicated in areas of the composite web over its entire width.
  • the provision of a first carrier means advantageously also allows the individual master elements to be optically separated from one another in order to avoid scattered light during the exposure process. This allows separate master elements to be placed in the device to enable significantly closer positioning of replication holograms in the composite web without sacrificing the precision or quality of replication.
  • holograms By selecting the master elements from the large number of master elements according to a sequence, individual holograms can be produced in exactly the number and order desired by the end user. This is particularly useful in industries that use sequential parts delivery (SPD) or a just-in-sequence (JIS) delivery method of parts, and advantageously enables the device according to the invention to be integrated into such factories.
  • SPD sequential parts delivery
  • JIS just-in-sequence
  • the replicated holograms can be delivered in a sequence that harmonizes with that of the automobile production sequence. This means that intermediate logistical steps can be omitted, which increases efficiency. Since only the exact number of pieces required is produced, there is also less waste.
  • the device is also suitable for high security applications such as banknotes and identity documents.
  • the first carrier means advantageously makes it possible to place the individual master elements in the device so that they are at fixed, known distances from one another. This ensures very high precision in placement, allowing precise and linear separation of the replicated holograms.
  • the first carrier means also makes it possible to place the master elements so precisely that their surfaces are flush with each other and with the carrier means. This means that the large number of master elements can also be used with thin, flexible, light-sensitive materials without damaging them. This represents a departure from previous views, according to which the use of several master elements arranged next to one another in a single pass would result in edges or projections on a flowing composite web made of light-sensitive material leading to wear or damage.
  • light-sensitive material can instead be laminated onto the master elements with high precision and with only low shear forces.
  • the lamination module preferably brings the light-sensitive material into mechanical contact with the master elements and ensures sufficient optical contact with the master holograms.
  • a particularly homogeneous contact can be created between the master element and the light-sensitive material, which effectively avoids bubbles or wrinkles.
  • a composite web made of the photosensitive material this can be done repeatedly via the arrangement of the master elements in an efficient manner, so that the composite web flows while the arrangement of the master elements preferably remains stationary.
  • a removable lamination makes it possible to remove the composite web without damage or residue and to continue running it through further stations in a production line.
  • the exposure module preferably directs light onto the composite web and/or master elements to replicate a master hologram in the master element into the composite web.
  • the detachment module preferably ensures a residue-free detachment of the composite web with sufficient force from the master elements without damaging the web.
  • a single pass of the composite web through the device can include exposure of both reflection and transmission holograms.
  • a first master element can be exposed from above onto its upper horizontal surface, so that the light falls through the light-sensitive composite web, is reflected by the master hologram and falls again through the light-sensitive composite web. This would create a reflection hologram.
  • a second master element can be exposed from the side or from below so that the light passes through the master hologram and then through the light-sensitive composite web, creating a transmission hologram.
  • the device thus allows greater flexibility in producing different holograms with different properties in one and the same run.
  • a “module” preferably refers to a work station in a continuous manufacturing process, which is preferably equipped with the necessary technical means to carry out the process step. Different modules can be separated from each other by a housing or a partition, but do not have to be. For the purposes of the invention, it may be preferred that the lamination module, the exposure module and the detachment module are located in the same housing.
  • a “sequence” in the sense of the invention is preferably a sequence of several elements.
  • the elements in the sequence can be identical and repeat or vary. The order is preferably predetermined.
  • An “arrangement” within the meaning of the invention is preferably a physical positioning of elements in predetermined positions, preferably according to a predetermined order.
  • the arrangement of the master elements is preferably a linear arrangement.
  • a "linear arrangement" within the meaning of the invention is preferably a physical positioning of elements so that they form a line along one of their edges, along their center and/or another reference point.
  • the “linear array” may preferably include multiple lines forming, for example, rows and columns.
  • a “support means” in the sense of the invention is preferably a means that holds several elements in such a way that their positions relative to one another are fixed.
  • the support means comprises a frame, a skeleton and/or a plurality of brackets, where the brackets may relate to a common mechanical reference, such as a rail.
  • the carrier means includes gaps and/or recesses that are designed to precisely fit a master element.
  • a “lamination” or “lamination” in the sense of the invention is preferably a joining process between two components. The lamination is preferably designed so that the composite sheet continuously covers an area so that there are no gaps, bubbles or wrinkles. Lamination is preferably carried out using a lamination roller.
  • the lamination is preferably carried out at room temperature, for example at a temperature of 20°C -25°C.
  • the lamination roller can also optionally be heated to 20 - 300 °C, preferably 20 - 100 °C or 40 - 80 °C.
  • the temperature of the lamination roller may preferably be adjusted so that the composite web is softened but does not melt.
  • the lamination is preferably designed so that no permanent connection is created between the composite web and the master elements or the carrier means.
  • the lamination can also be carried out with the aid of aids such as an adhesive, the adhesive preferably being so weak that the parts can be separated from one another with a force of less than 10 N, preferably less than 5 N.
  • the adhesive is preferably easy to clean, e.g. B. through water solubility and leaves no residue on the composite membrane. More preferably, the adhesive evaporates without leaving any residue at room temperature.
  • a “composite” in the sense of the invention is preferably a multilayer material that consists of two or more different components with different physical properties that are connected to one another at an interface.
  • the bond between the individual components is such that it cannot be separated by minor force and is therefore considered permanent.
  • the composite can, for example, consist of a light-sensitive liquid, a solid or a resin enclosed between two transparent carrier films.
  • the composite web can comprise a stack of layers, each of which is light-sensitive to different spectral ranges.
  • a “composite web” within the meaning of the invention is preferably a composite material with a length that is at least twice, preferably at least five times and even more preferably at least twenty times its width.
  • the thickness of the composite web is preferably adjusted so that it has a certain flexibility so that it can, for example, be partially wrapped around a roller.
  • the composite web preferably has a thickness of up to 300 ⁇ m.
  • the composite sheet includes a light-sensitive material.
  • the composite web encloses the photosensitive material between two transparent support films which have a similar refractive index to the photosensitive material.
  • the refractive index of the carrier films and the light-sensitive material is preferably between 1.4 and 1.6.
  • the light-sensitive material may be, for example, a light-sensitive photopolymer or a dichroic gelatin.
  • the Photosensitive material can be light sensitive or wavelength selective for the entire visible spectrum.
  • exposure is preferably understood to mean the targeted directing of electromagnetic rays onto a correspondingly sensitive surface, preferably to form a hologram.
  • Various methods of exposing a hologram are known, including transmissive or reflective techniques for producing volume holograms. Examples of this are explained in more detail later in this text.
  • a “master element” is preferably a three-dimensional unit that includes a master hologram in a form that facilitates its handling and mobility.
  • the master hologram is enclosed in a positionally fixed manner by the master element in such a way that a movement of the master element directly leads to a corresponding movement of the master hologram.
  • the master element has a length and width that approximately correspond to that of the master hologram.
  • the master element is at least twice, preferably five times and particularly preferably at least twenty times as high as the master hologram.
  • the master element preferably has a regular shape that enables a mosaic or linear arrangement.
  • the master element comprises a substrate body that either encloses or supports the master hologram.
  • the master element may include a transparent top cover for protecting a master hologram present between the cover and the substrate body.
  • the top cover has a refractive index selected such that light is transmitted through it, the master hologram and the substrate body without being significantly reflected at the interfaces between the substrate body, master hologram or the cover.
  • the top cover can be, for example, a transparent film or a glass layer.
  • the materials of the substrate body, the master hologram and the cover are preferably selected so that the differences in refractive index between the individual layers are small. This allows internal reflections to be avoided.
  • the “width” refers to a dimension in a horizontal plane transverse to a composite web flow direction.
  • the “length” refers to a dimension in a horizontal plane along a composite sheet flow direction.
  • the “height” refers to a dimension in a vertical plane orthogonal to the plane formed by the latitude and longitude.
  • a “substrate body” in the sense of the invention is preferably a three-dimensional block of material that carries or encloses the master hologram. Preferably it is Substrate body transparent.
  • the substrate body preferably has multiple surfaces, including a top surface that may be horizontally oriented.
  • the term “transparent” or “transparency” preferably refers to a property of a material whereby it is essentially transparent to light.
  • a transparent material in the sense of the invention is transmissive for at least part of the electromagnetic spectrum, preferably with a wavelength between 100 nm - 1 mm, particularly preferably between 400 nm - 780 nm.
  • a transparent material for example a transparent substrate body, is permeable to Light of a wavelength range with which the master holograms are exposed.
  • a transparent material can also be colored in such a way that it selects the light radiation of a specific wavelength.
  • a “master hologram” in the sense of the invention is preferably a holographic-optical element comprising at least one hologram to be replicated.
  • the master hologram is designed for an optical function (e.g. diffraction, reflection, transmission and/or refraction) for one or a plurality of wavelengths.
  • several holograms e.g. B. each diffract light of one wavelength and / or multiplex holograms that diffract light of several wavelengths are arranged as hologram stacks.
  • the master hologram can be, for example, a diffractive optical element (DOE). Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) use a surface relief profile with a microstructure for their optical function.
  • DOE diffractive optical elements
  • the microstructure may also be present in the volume of the element in the form of a local difference in refractive index.
  • the light transmitted by a DOE can be converted into almost any desired distribution through diffraction and subsequent propagation. This can be an image, a logo, text, a light refraction pattern or similar.
  • the master hologram can be a technical hologram, such as a Bragg mirror, a diffuser or a hologram functioning as a lens.
  • the process for producing the master hologram can preferably be referred to as “hologram origination” or “hologram mastering”.
  • the master hologram can be created using an analog or digital process.
  • a first coherent beam, the object beam is reflected from an object and onto a recording material that is simultaneously exposed to a second coherent beam, the reference beam.
  • the object beam and the reference beam interfere and create an interference pattern on the recording material.
  • This interference pattern or fringe pattern is recorded from light-sensitive material which, after processing, takes the form of a surface relief pattern on a surface of the material or of spatially varying refractive indices just a few micrometers below the surface.
  • the master hologram can be illuminated with light that is diffracted from the recorded surface relief pattern or refractive index pattern. This diffracted beam contains the image of the original object. The master hologram can then be used as a new object when creating additional copies with the same image.
  • the master hologram can preferably also be computer-generated.
  • the microscopic gratings that produce the diffraction effects can e.g. B. can be produced by laser interference lithography.
  • two or more coherent light beams are configured to interfere on the surface of a recording material.
  • the positions of the light beams in relation to the recording material can be controlled by a computer.
  • the recording material can consist of almost any material.
  • Other techniques such as electron beam lithography can also be used to digitally produce the master hologram.
  • the master hologram may preferably comprise glass, silicon, quartz, UV varnish, a photopolymer composite and/or a metal such as nickel.
  • an “optically accessible area” within the meaning of the invention is an area that is at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% and particularly preferably 100% not covered by an optically absorbing material.
  • an optically absorbing material is not present between the surface in question and a light source for exposure.
  • an opaque frame of the support means may cover part of the optically accessible surface.
  • the frame covers no more than 50%, preferably no more than 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% of the optically accessible area.
  • an optically accessible surface is also not very reflective.
  • the optically accessible surface has a reflectance for visible light at normal angle of incidence of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20% or less than 10%.
  • an optically accessible surface has an anti-reflective (AR) coating. This makes it possible to increase the utilization of the incident light for illuminating the composite web.
  • AR anti-reflective
  • the device comprises a transport module for transporting a light-sensitive composite web over the sequence of master elements.
  • the transport module preferably comprises one or more transport rollers, for example a pull roller, which moves the composite web forward. This can result in a semi-continuous process with a roll-shaped intermediate product that can be passed on to further work stations for cutting.
  • the master elements are present separately in the first carrier means along a linear arrangement, with the master elements preferably being separated by light-absorbing spacers and/or with a light-absorbing layer being applied to vertical surfaces of the master elements.
  • the first carrier means is mounted so that it can be tilted and/or adjusted in height
  • the device for replicating the master holograms preferably comprising means for adjusting an angle of inclination and/or height adjustment of the first carrier means.
  • such means can also be referred to as an alignment unit for the first carrier means and are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Exemplary means for setting a height adjustment of the first support means include an adjustment table with actuators for up and down movement.
  • the first carrier means and the master elements contained therein can thus be brought into contact with a further process component, in particular a composite web, an optical adhesive film, a laminating roller and/or one or more coupling elements.
  • Means for adjusting an angle of inclination can preferably also include an adjustment table, in which an angle of inclination of the first support means, for example with respect to a plane of the composite web, can be adjusted by means of appropriate actuators.
  • This can advantageously ensure a particularly plane-parallel alignment of the master elements, which are located within the first carrier means, to the composite web or to coupling elements (described further below).
  • the rotation of the entire first carrier means allows a uniform alignment of the master elements.
  • the means for setting an angle of inclination and/or height adjustment of the first support means preferably allow a fine adjustment with an accuracy of the height adjustment of at least 10 pm, preferably at least 5 pm and/or an adjustment of the angle of inclination with an accuracy of at least 0.1 °, preferably at least 0.01°.
  • the further process components are mounted in a height-adjustable manner in order to establish sufficient contact between the process components to carry out the replication method.
  • Other process components may include: transport rollers or transport components for positioning the composite web, any coupling elements, a laminating roller, a metering unit for applying an optical liquid or a roller for applying an optical adhesive film. These components are explained in more detail below.
  • the height adjustability of the process components preferably enables fine adjustment of your positions with a height adjustment accuracy of at least 10 pm, preferably at least 5 pm.
  • the first carrier means is spring-mounted.
  • the suspension can be designed to be active or passive and is preferably designed to tolerate an up and down movement of the first support means.
  • the suspension is preferably carried out mechanically, (electro-)magnetically, hydraulically or pneumatically, with pneumatic suspension being particularly preferred.
  • the suspension is configured for a height adjustment of at least 20 pm, preferably at least 50 pm, particularly preferably at least 100 pm and/or at most 1000 pm, preferably at most 500 pm, particularly preferably at most 200 pm.
  • the suspension of the first carrier means is pressure-controlled, in particular in order to establish and maintain a preferred pressure between the laminating roller and the respective master elements.
  • the spring-loaded mounting of the first carrier means preferably enables the first carrier means to be brought into contact with a further process component while at the same time compensating for any tolerances in the height of the surface of the master elements.
  • any height differences between individual master elements that are located within the first carrier means can also be compensated for.
  • An inclination of the first carrier means can also be compensated for. For example, as explained in more detail below, it may be preferred to use a laminating roll to apply a composite web to the master elements.
  • the lamination roller preferably successively sweeps over the composite web and the underlying master elements, with optimal height and pressure conditions being set for each of the swept master elements by means of the spring-loaded mounting of the first carrier means. Due to the suspension, the first carrier means can also move slightly up and down synchronously with the lamination roller, for example, in order to compensate for differences in height between the master elements. This means that all master elements can be brought to exactly the required height.
  • Manufacturing tolerances or damage to the surface of the master elements can also be compensated. Air gaps or bubbles between the surface of the master elements and the composite web and/or the coupling element are eliminated and the optical contact between the master elements and other process components is improved.
  • the master elements can be positioned in the first carrier means in a spring-loaded manner.
  • the first carrier means can preferably also include means for individual suspension of the master elements, in particular independently of one another.
  • a base of the first carrier means can be provided with an elastic material, for example a foam.
  • the device comprises one or more optically transparent coupling elements, wherein the coupling elements can be applied to a composite web laminated on the master elements, so that a portion of the composite web is enclosed between the one or more coupling elements and the master elements during exposure.
  • the apparatus may be used for disposing one or more optically transparent launch elements on the laminated composite web to enclose a portion of the composite web between the one or more launch elements and the master elements during exposure.
  • a "coupling element” is preferably a three-dimensional block of transparent material with a refractive index and dimensions that are configured to direct the exposure beams towards and/or away from the master holograms.
  • the coupling element can preferably have any three-dimensional shape, in particular a cuboid shape, a wedge shape, a cylindrical shape, a prismatic shape and/or a prismatic shape with a semicircular or semi-elliptical cross section.
  • the coupling element can preferably have different optically accessible surfaces.
  • at least one side surface or base surface and a bottom surface or lateral surface of the coupling element are optically accessible.
  • an optically accessible surface of the coupling element is also not very reflective.
  • the optically accessible surface has a reflectance for visible light at normal angle of incidence of less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, less than 30%, less than 20% or less than 10%.
  • an optically accessible surface has an anti-reflective (AR) coating. This makes it possible to increase the utilization of the incident light for illuminating the composite web.
  • AR anti-reflective
  • an exposure beam can be directed onto a side surface above a master hologram.
  • the angle of the exposure beam can be selected so that it also passes through a lower surface of the coupling element and reaches the master hologram before it is reflected back by the composite web.
  • the reflected light is directed by the coupling element in such a way that it does not hit adjacent parts of the composite web and its scattering is minimized.
  • the light can also be passed through the master hologram to expose a transmission hologram in the composite web.
  • the coupling element can also serve to hold the composite web over the surface of the master elements. Since the coupling element does not have to be exchanged between the series, a single plate can be used that covers all linearly arranged master elements in the carrier means. In this way, there is no risk that edges of the coupling elements could leave traces on the composite membrane. In addition, aligning the coupling element over the carrier means is simplified.
  • a contact surface of the coupling elements with the composite web has the same length and width as a contact surface of the master elements with the composite web and is arranged directly opposite them. This enables the two elements to be assigned to one another with a precise fit and, insofar as the coupling elements would leave impressions or traces on the composite web, these would be in the buffer area between replicated holograms.
  • the coupling elements and master elements can have an identical substrate body in terms of size and shape. In this way, the substrate bodies can be produced and stored more cost-effectively in larger quantities.
  • each master element is assigned a coupling element.
  • at least one lower surface of the respective coupling element is congruent to an upper surface of the corresponding master element.
  • the coupling elements are arranged on a height-adjustable second support means.
  • the second carrier means can be configured analogously to the first carrier means.
  • the second carrier means - analogous to preferred embodiments of the first carrier means - is mounted so that it can be tilted and/or adjusted in height.
  • suspension of the up and down movement of the second carrier means may be preferred.
  • the second carrier means comprise light-absorbing spacers between the coupling elements. This can prevent the light beams from reaching adjacent coupling elements or being reflected into adjacent parts of the composite web.
  • the coupling elements can preferably be brought into contact with the composite web after lamination of the composite web and before its exposure.
  • the lamination takes place in the same stretch of the composite web as the exposure.
  • the second carrier means with the coupling elements can be held at a distance from the composite web (first height).
  • Lamination of the composite sheet may be accomplished by means of a roller which is lowered onto the composite sheet and rolls over the composite sheet to bring it into close contact with the aligned horizontal surface of the master elements.
  • the laminating roller and/or the master elements can preferably be spring-mounted in order to maintain contact between the two components despite variations in the surface position or surface quality of the components.
  • the laminating roller can then be raised or retracted so that the coupling elements can then be lowered to establish contact with the composite web (second height). In the position of the coupling elements, the composite web is therefore clamped between the coupling elements and the master elements.
  • the exposure can be carried out using both the master elements and the coupling elements.
  • the coupling elements can be raised again to a first height position at a distance.
  • Optional fixation can be done in place and the composite sheet can be detached from the surface of the master elements, e.g. B. by one or more other rollers lifting from below one or more parts of the composite web that lie outside the first carrier means for the master elements.
  • the first carrier remains accessible so that the order of the master elements can be changed. In this way, multiple process steps can be carried out in a single area. This increases the compactness of a method that is carried out by the device according to the invention.
  • the same coupling element is used for exposing different master elements.
  • a contact surface of the coupling element can cover the surface of all master elements in the first carrier means for the exposure.
  • a coupling element can be used in the form of a cuboid coupling plate, the length of which extends over all master egg elements.
  • a coupling element can be moved over the surface of the master elements, with exposure preferably taking place in synchronization with the movement of the coupling element.
  • the movement of the coupling element can preferably be a pushing or rolling movement.
  • the one or more coupling elements are preferably configured so that only a limited area is always in contact with the composite web during exposure. This surface is preferably referred to as a “contact surface” in the sense of the invention. Particularly in the case of a coupling element which is designed to roll over the composite web, the contact surface of the coupling element can constantly shift while remaining the same size.
  • the contact surface of the coupling element is curved or planar.
  • a lens effect should preferably be avoided.
  • the use of curved or planar surfaces may be preferred, as explained below.
  • a coupling element has a cylindrical shape.
  • Such a coupling element can preferably function as a roller and be rolled or pushed over the composite web.
  • the cylindrical coupling element can thus establish optical contact along an axis with the composite web.
  • Light from a lateral surface and/or a base surface can be directed onto the composite web and the master elements via the coupling element.
  • a light source and/or a light-deflecting component moves synchronously with the coupling element in order to expose the master elements.
  • the cylindrical coupling element is mounted analogously to a laminating roller, wherein the cylindrical coupling element is preferably mounted in a height-adjustable, height-adjustable, spring-loaded and/or pressure-controlled manner.
  • a storage can improve the optical contact between the coupling element and the composite web as well as the master elements.
  • one or more storage rollers preferably three storage rollers, are preferably provided for the storage and/or movement of the coupling element.
  • the cylindrical coupling element itself functions as a laminating roller or vice versa.
  • the cylindrical coupling element can also improve mechanical contact between the composite web and the master elements. With this arrangement, lamination is preferably carried out synchronously with exposure. There is no need for a separate lamination roller. This is particularly space-saving and increases the throughput of the process.
  • Another advantage of using a cylindrical coupling element is the small contact area between the coupling element and the composite web. Such a small contact area is particularly advantageous when using an optical liquid between the coupling element and the composite web. On the one hand, the amount of optical used can Fluid should be kept to a minimum. On the other hand, the forces required to remove the coupling element from the composite web are also reduced. The removal of the cylindrical coupling element can therefore be carried out in a particularly gentle manner for the composite web. This will be explained in more detail in relation to the use of optical fluids.
  • the coupling element has a prismatic shape with a semicircular cross section.
  • the shape of such a coupling element can preferably correspond to the lower half of a roller and have two lateral surfaces: a curved lateral surface and a planar lateral surface.
  • the curved lateral surface is brought into contact with the composite web on the surface of the master elements and pushed over this surface.
  • the weight of the coupling element can be kept low.
  • the coupling element also has a narrow contact surface to the composite web, which is advantageous when using optical liquids. When exposing such a coupling element, a lens function should preferably be avoided.
  • a coupling element has a prismatic shape with at least one planar surface, which preferably serves as a contact surface for application to the composite web.
  • the cross section of the coupling element tapers to the planar contact surface, so that the prismatic shape can also be referred to as a wedge shape in the sense of the invention.
  • the coupling element or at least a section of the coupling element can have the shape of an isosceles trapezoid in cross section, with the smaller base side of the trapezoid being brought into contact with the composite web as a planar surface.
  • the contact surface between the coupling element and the composite web can be optimally adjusted, in particular also chosen to be larger than would be the case with a cylindrical coupling element, in which the contact surface essentially corresponds to a line, depending on the size of the curvature.
  • a larger contact area can be maintained smoothly and without gaps when the coupling element is displaced.
  • Increased capillary forces between the contact element and the composite web advantageously prevent the formation of air gaps, so that particularly good optical contact occurs.
  • the contact between the coupling element and the composite web occurs on the surface of the master elements with a predetermined pressure.
  • compressive force sensors or pressure sensors are preferably provided for measuring a compressive force or a pressure between the coupling element and the master elements.
  • a film coating can preferably be used as a sensor for the pressure exerted by one process component on another can be used, with a pressure sensor distributed over the entirety of a film (so-called “pressure measuring film”).
  • pressure measuring film is preferably applied to an area of the process component that is not used for exposure, for example an edge area, and is particularly compact.
  • a lower surface of the coupling elements is formed by a deformable, transparent coupling section.
  • a deformable coupling section is particularly preferred in embodiments of the invention in which the coupling elements are only moved up and down with respect to the master elements.
  • coupling elements with deformable coupling sections are neither rolled nor displaced over the surface of the composite web that is in contact with the master elements.
  • a “coupling section” is preferably a part of the coupling elements which consists of a transparent deformable material and is designed in such a way that it ensures complete optical contact between the coupling element and one or more master elements.
  • the refractive index of the coupling section is identical to or within a range of +/-20%, preferably +/-10%, more preferably +/-5% of the refractive index of the main body of the coupling element, the composite sheet, an upper cover of the master element, the Master hologram and/or the substrate body of the master element.
  • the deformability of the coupling section allows it to be pressed onto the composite web while the composite web is on the aligned surface of the master elements in such a way that no gaps or bubbles remain. This ensures particularly homogeneous optical contact between the three elements of the sandwich. Unwanted optical aberrations or patterns are avoided, giving the final product a higher quality.
  • a material of the coupling section is selected such that it has a shear modulus of at least 10 kPa, preferably of at least 100 kPa and even more preferably of at least 1 MPa. It may also be preferred that the material of the coupling section has a modulus of elasticity between 1 MPa and 50 MPa. It may also be preferred that the material has a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6. Silicone has proven to be particularly suitable as a material for achieving a sufficient refractive index and at the same time being sufficiently elastic, easy to clean and leaving no residue on the composite web.
  • the lamination module preferably includes a lamination roller.
  • the lamination roller preferably comprising an actuator for moving the lamination roller along this path.
  • the actuator is preferably controlled by a control unit.
  • the path includes diagonally lowering the laminating roller from a first height and a first lateral position that is not directly above the first support means toward an upper surface of a first master element.
  • the path preferably also includes horizontally rolling the lamination roller at a second height, lower than the first, along the top of the master elements until it reaches a final master element n of the sequence.
  • the laminating roller is preferably configured to be maintained at the second height and in a second lateral position downstream of the last master element during an exposure process of the sequence.
  • the lamination module comprises means for adjusting the height of the lamination roller.
  • the means for adjusting the height of the laminating roller are designed to bring the laminating roller from a storage position to a laminating position on the top of the master elements.
  • This height adjustment preferably includes a translation of the lamination roller over a distance of at least 1 cm, preferably at least 5 cm, more preferably at least 10 cm.
  • the person skilled in the art is aware of suitable means for such a height adjustment.
  • the lamination roller can thus be brought outside an area between the master elements and/or coupling elements and/or light source before or after lamination. This creates greater degrees of freedom in the application of the coupling elements and/or the exposure of the master elements.
  • the means for adjusting the height of the lamination module are also configured for adjusting the height of the lamination roller.
  • the means for adjusting the height of the laminating roller are set up to adjust the height of the laminating roller up to +/- 50 pm, preferably +/- 100 pm, particularly preferably +/- 500 pm.
  • the height adjustment is preferably carried out with a resolution of at least 50 pm, in particular at least 10 pm.
  • the resolution of the height adjustment preferably refers to the smallest step over which the laminating roller can be translated for height adjustment.
  • Such a height adjustment can advantageously compensate for the smallest variations in the position of the surface or in the surface quality of the master elements. That's how they can Master elements, the first carrier itself can only be positioned within tolerances. Due to manufacturing tolerances, the actual height of a master element can also deviate from a target height. These tolerances can be compensated for when positioning the lamination roller so that it is always applied to the surface of the master elements with a specified pressure. Even a slight tilting position of the first support means can be compensated for in this way, unless the first support means is designed to be tiltable anyway, as explained above. These measures improve the optical contact between the composite web and the master elements while avoiding excessive lamination pressure.
  • the lamination roller is initially brought to a predetermined position on the surface of the master elements and then its height is adjusted by smaller movement steps. This allows the lamination roller to be brought particularly precisely onto the actual surface of the master elements.
  • the height adjustment of the laminating roller is preferably pressure-controlled.
  • One or more sensors in particular a pressure force sensor, can be used for this.
  • it is determined by means of a pressure force sensor that a laminating roller is in contact with the surface of the master elements with a pressure in a predetermined range.
  • the pressure sensor can be present, for example, as a film on the surface of the lamination roller.
  • the lamination roller is spring-mounted, the spring-loaded bearing preferably being configured for a height tolerance of at least +/- 50 pm, preferably +/- 100 pm, particularly preferably +/- 500 pm.
  • Such suspension can compensate for tolerances in the surface quality and/or relative positioning of the master elements and the laminating roller.
  • the suspension can further eliminate air gaps and/or bubbles between the master elements and the laminating roller and thus improve the optical contact between the composite web and the master elements.
  • the spring-loaded mounting of the laminating roller is preferably carried out mechanically (electro-jmagnetically, hydraulically or pneumatically, with a pneumatic suspension being particularly preferred.
  • the suspension of the laminating roller is pressure-controlled, in particular in order to establish and maintain a preferred pressure between the laminating roller and the master elements.
  • the first carrier means and/or the second carrier means comprises one or more sensors for detecting contact with another process component. It is preferably determined by means of a pressure force sensor that the first carrier means is in contact with a laminating roller and/or with the second carrier means with sufficient pressure.
  • an optical liquid is applied to the horizontal surface of the master elements and/or the composite web before exposure.
  • the device preferably comprises means for applying such an optical liquid.
  • This can have a refractive index close to that of the substrate body of the master elements, the coupling element and/or the composite track in order to ensure interference-free transmission of the light.
  • the optical fluid can also improve the optical contact between the elements by compensating for any wedge errors, surface tolerances or damage. Air gaps or bubbles between the process components can also be filled to prevent unwanted reflections at interfaces between the components.
  • a metering unit for metering the optical liquid.
  • the dosing unit is preferably configured for applying a predetermined amount of an optical liquid to a process component.
  • the metering unit is preferably configured in particular for applying an amount of optical liquid to the composite web which is sufficient to completely fill a gap between the coupling element and the composite web.
  • the metering unit is mounted in a height-adjustable manner.
  • the dosing unit can thus be brought close to a surface of a process component, e.g. the composite web, for precise application of the optical liquid and then removed to create space for further process components such as coupling elements or light sources.
  • an optical liquid is introduced between the composite web and a coupling element.
  • the amount of optical liquid used is preferably designed to cover a contact surface between the coupling element and the composite web.
  • the optical liquid adheres to the surfaces of the coupling element and the composite web by means of capillary forces. With larger contact surfaces between the coupling element and the composite web, larger forces are generated. This is advantageous in order to maintain optical contact during movement of the coupling element over the composite web.
  • the coupling element is preferably removed from the composite web after exposure in such a way that the adhesive forces on the composite web are minimized.
  • the coupling element is moved horizontally in the plane of the composite web - preferably transversely to the flow direction of the composite web - before the coupling element is removed from the composite web by a vertical movement.
  • a movement in the plane of the composite web can be a transverse, oblique or rotational movement.
  • the movement is preferably designed to reduce the contact area between the coupling element and the composite web without a vertical movement already taking place. In this way, undesirable force transmission to the composite web can be effectively avoided.
  • an optical adhesive film is temporarily introduced between two process components of the device or system before exposure.
  • the device preferably comprises means for applying such an optical adhesive film.
  • the optical adhesive film can be introduced between a master element and the composite web and/or between the composite web and a coupling element.
  • an “optical adhesive film” is preferably a transparent film with a refractive index close to the refractive index of the master element, the composite web and/or the coupling element.
  • the optical adhesive film is preferably designed to improve optical contact between two exposed process components, so that reflections at the interface between the process components are reduced or eliminated.
  • the materials used for the optical adhesive film have identical or similar optical properties to those materials used for the substrate of the master element (or the coupling element or its coupling section) and/or the composite web.
  • the similar or identical properties include transparency, haze, stress birefringence properties and/or refractive index.
  • the use of identical or similar materials enables a very close adaptation of the refractive index of the optical adhesive film to the refractive indices of the adjacent process components, so that a transition between the adjacent refractive indices can be ensured without jumps in the refractive index. Reflections at the interface between the master element (or the coupling element), the optical adhesive film and/or the light-sensitive composite web will thereby be largely eliminated or significantly minimized.
  • a refractive index difference between the surface (or a cover) of the master element and the optical adhesive film and/or between the optical adhesive film and a surface of the photosensitive composite web is not more than 0.2, preferably not more than 0.1 and more preferably not more than 0.05.
  • the difference between the refractive index of the optical adhesive film and an adjacent surface of the coupling element is preferably not more than 0.2, more preferably not more than 0. 1 and more preferably not more than 0.05.
  • a refractive index of the optical adhesive film lies between the refractive index of the surface of the master element and the refractive index of a surface of the light-sensitive composite web. If the optical adhesive film is arranged between the photosensitive composite web and a coupling element, the refractive index of the optical adhesive film is preferably between that of the photosensitive composite web and that of the coupling element.
  • the term "between” preferably also includes the values of the refractive indices of the adjacent process components themselves. This arrangement enables a smooth or trouble-free transition of light rays between the various process components with minimal reflections and/or aberrations at interfaces.
  • the optical adhesive film is preferably a solid in which the Brownian motion is sufficiently small, which prevents the phase of the light from “wobbling” and thus results in a more stable interference field in the hologram copy within the exposure time.
  • the microstructures do not blur, which maximizes the diffraction efficiency of the holograms.
  • the sharpness and contrast of the hologram created is also significantly improved.
  • the optical adhesive film improves the optical contact between exposed transparent components through which the exposure light is passed. This reduces unwanted reflections, scattering or losses and increases the quality of the reproduced hologram.
  • the optical adhesive film can be shaped analogously to the composite web and moved through the process in an analogous manner, for example with the help of rollers. This enables easy synchronization of the optical adhesive film with the composite web. It is also possible and may be preferred for the optical adhesive film and/or the light-sensitive composite web to pass through a laminating roller is applied to the surface of the master element or the surface of the coupling element. The same roller can be used for lamination of the composite web and the optical adhesive film.
  • the optical adhesive film preferably has low adhesive strength in addition to its advantageous optical properties. This means that the optical adhesive film can be removed from a surface after use without leaving any residue and with little force.
  • the optical adhesive film comprises at least one adhesive layer.
  • the at least one adhesive layer preferably has a peel force relative to the surface of the master element and/or the coupling element and/or a surface of the light-sensitive composite web of less than 3 N/cm (Newton per centimeter), preferably less than 1 N/cm.
  • the peeling force of the adhesive layer of the optical adhesive film relative to the surface of the master element and/or the coupling element and/or a surface of the light-sensitive composite web is at least 0.01 N/cm, preferably at least 0.1 N/cm.
  • the peel force of the optical adhesive film or one of its layers can be measured, for example, after a 180 degree peel test. In preferred forms, the measurement is carried out in accordance with ASTM D903.
  • the optical adhesive film has a single-layer layer structure, the layer structure having exactly one adhesive layer.
  • the exactly one adhesive layer is preferably adhesive on both sides in order to provide optical contact.
  • the optical adhesive film comprises two adhesive layers, each adhesive layer preferably being applied directly to a carrier layer, so that the optical adhesive film comprises three layers.
  • Such an optical adhesive film can adhere to two surfaces at the same time, which means that particularly good optical contact can be achieved and the risk of air gaps or unwanted reflections is reduced.
  • the device comprises an unwinding roller for unwinding the optical adhesive film and a winding roller for winding up the optical adhesive film after use.
  • the method which is preferably controlled by the control unit, preferably includes a step of removing the optical adhesive film from the relevant process component after exposure.
  • the device further comprises a lamination roller for the temporary lamination of the optical adhesive film on the surface of a master element, a composite web and/or a coupling element.
  • the optical adhesive film can be provided with protective layers on one or both sides.
  • the device may include take-up rolls for removing the protective layers prior to use of the optical adhesive film.
  • the first support means is configured to arrange the master elements in two parallel rows.
  • the size of the master elements can be reduced even further while making optimal use of the entire width of the composite membrane. If changes are required in a portion of a larger master hologram to be replicated, these can also be made on a smaller scale.
  • the efficiency of the method can also be improved, since a higher number of identical or different master holograms can be replicated at the same time.
  • each row may be exposed separately, for example with separate light sources directed at two opposite sides of the array of master elements.
  • the rows of master elements are separated by a light-absorbing spacer, the spacer preferably being part of the first carrier means.
  • the light-absorbing spacer prevents unwanted light from entering one master element into another, thereby avoiding optical interference such as cross-talk. This is particularly advantageous if the master elements of the different rows are to be exposed from different angles or with different wavelengths.
  • the exposure module comprises a light source.
  • a coherent light beam is emitted by the light source.
  • Coherence preferably describes the property of optical waves according to which there is a fixed phase relationship between two wave trains. As a result of the fixed phase relationship between the two wave trains, spatially stable interference patterns can arise. With regard to coherence, a distinction can be made between temporal and spatial coherence. Spatial coherence preferably represents a measure for a fixed phase relationship between wave trains perpendicular to the direction of propagation and is given, for example, for parallel light rays. Temporal coherence preferably represents a fixed phase relationship between wave trains along the direction of propagation and is particularly present for narrow-band, preferably monochromatic light beams.
  • the coherence length preferably refers to a maximum path length or transit time difference that two light beams have from a starting point, so that a stable (spatially and temporally) interference pattern is created when they are superimposed.
  • the coherence time preferably refers to the time that the light needs to travel a coherence length.
  • the light source comprises a laser.
  • a laser is a narrow-band, preferably monochromatic laser with a preferred wavelength in the visible range (preferably 400 nm to 780 nm).
  • Non-exhaustive examples include solid-state lasers, preferably semiconductor lasers or laser diodes, gas lasers or dye lasers.
  • Narrow-band light sources are preferred, preferably monochromatic light sources, which include, for example, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), optionally in combination with monochromators.
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • illumination radiation in different wavelength ranges, for example in a red wavelength range (preferably 630 nm - 700 nm), a green wavelength range (preferably 500 nm - 560 nm) and / or a blue wavelength range (preferably 450 nm - 475 nm).
  • red wavelength range preferably 630 nm - 700 nm
  • green wavelength range preferably 500 nm - 560 nm
  • blue wavelength range preferably 450 nm - 475 nm.
  • a laser system with three monochromatic lasers or one polychromatic laser with laser emission in the red, green or blue (RGB) range can be provided for this purpose.
  • the light source comprises a white light laser and an adjustable wavelength filter configured such that the wavelength at which the composite web is exposed can be adjusted.
  • the exposure module may also include one or more motors configured to adjust an angle of the light source and/or move the light source along a path.
  • the light source can be configured, for example, as a scanning light source.
  • the light source can also be equipped with an axis along which it can slide.
  • the exposure module can also include one or more mirrors, the position of which can also be adjustable in order to direct the path of a light beam onto the master elements and/or the To steer the composite railway.
  • the exposure module may also include one or more lenses, for example a diverging lens, to broaden a beam of light on the master element. It can also be advantageous if the exposure module is equipped with means for adjusting the intensity of the light falling from the light source onto the master elements and/or the composite web.
  • the exposure for replicating a master hologram using the device according to the invention can be carried out based on various techniques.
  • Hologram reproduction processes can be divided into relief holograms and volume holograms.
  • Relief holograms are formed by physical contact between a deformable sensitive layer and a master hologram, such that the diffraction pattern of the master hologram is impressed into the sensitive layer.
  • a volume hologram is preferably written into a sensitive layer by the interference of two light beams (a so-called reference beam and an object beam).
  • a volume hologram is preferably written into the composite web. This can preferably be done using a transmission or reflection technique. Interference between object and reference beams within the hologram volume preferably creates a sequence of Brag levels.
  • a volume hologram therefore preferably has a non-negligible extent in the direction of propagation of the light rays, with the Bragg condition applying to the reconstruction on a volume hologram. For this reason, volume holograms have wavelength and/or angle selectivity. The ability of volume holograms to store multiple images at the same time enables, among other things, the production of colored holograms.
  • Light sources that emit the three primary colors blue, green and red can be used to record the holograms.
  • the three beams of rays preferably simultaneously illuminate a part of the composite web at the same angles.
  • three holograms are stored in the volume hologram at the same time.
  • each partial hologram can be reconstructed solely using the color with which it was recorded.
  • the three reconstructed color separations therefore overlap to form a colored, true-to-original image, provided the color components are correctly weighted.
  • Reflection holograms are reflective holograms that reflect light arriving from the light source and therefore act like a mirror.
  • an incident direction of the reference beam preferably an incident light beam from the light source
  • the object in this case the master hologram
  • a reference beam penetrates the composite web and is then reflected by the master hologram back into the light-sensitive layer of the composite web.
  • the light-sensitive layer of the composite web means that the reference beam and object beam have different beam directions superimposed on each other in order to generate the replicated hologram.
  • the master hologram can preferably be applied to a surface of the master element or be integrated in the substrate body.
  • the light source for a reflection hologram can be arranged so that the reference beam is incident on the composite web at a desired direction, preferably at a direction which is desired in the later reconstruction.
  • the light source is oriented with respect to the master element such that the composite web is located between the light source and the master element.
  • the light source can, for example, be aligned above the master element in such a way that the reference beam falls downwards onto the composite web in a predetermined direction.
  • the reference beam is preferably at least partially reflected back into the composite web by the master element in the form of an object beam.
  • the reference beam and the object beam enter the photopolymer composite from opposite sides and interfere in its light-sensitive layer to replicate the hologram.
  • Transmission holograms are transmissive holograms in which the light from a light source is transmitted and diffracted by it.
  • an incident direction of the reference beam preferably an incident light beam from the light source
  • the object in this case the master hologram
  • An incident beam penetrates the master hologram and is separated into an (undiffracted) reference beam and an object beam.
  • the reference beam and object beam with the same beam direction are superimposed to produce the replicated hologram.
  • the light source in such a way that the composite web can be exposed by a reference beam and object beam from the same side.
  • the light source is preferably oriented with respect to the master element in such a way that a light beam first passes through the master element and the master hologram before reaching the composite web.
  • the light source can preferably be arranged so that it passes from a side surface through a transparent master element.
  • the light source can also preferably be arranged so that it falls onto the composite web through an upper and/or lower surface of the master element.
  • the incident light beam is preferably refracted by the master element in such a way that a reference beam and an object beam are created, the object beam preferably corresponding to the portion of the light that is diffracted by the master hologram.
  • the object beam preferably interferes with the undiffracted reference beam in the composite web to replicate the hologram.
  • one or more master elements may be used to expose the composite web to replicate a transmission hologram therein.
  • the replicated transmission hologram may be designed to be edge-lit so that the holographic image can be reconstructed by light from a substantially lateral direction.
  • the replicated transmission hologram can also be configured to be backlit so that the holographic image can be reconstructed using light incident essentially from back to front.
  • one or more master elements be used to expose the composite web and replicate a reflection hologram therein.
  • the replicated reflection hologram may be edge-lit.
  • Such a hologram can be used, for example, in a glass pane with light sources hidden at the edges.
  • the replicated reflection hologram can also be configured to be front-lit.
  • Such a hologram can advantageously produce a holographic image when illuminated by ambient light and viewed relatively orthogonally at eye level.
  • Multiple such holograms can also be used in a sheet of glass, for example of the type disclosed in WO2020157312A1, to produce a holographic image when viewed orthogonally by reflecting light from hidden light sources along a predetermined path.
  • one or more master elements may be used to expose the composite web to produce a hologram that includes both a reflection hologram and a transmission hologram.
  • a reference beam for exposing the holograms can be directed onto a side surface of the master elements. In other preferred embodiments of the invention, it may be preferred that, additionally or alternatively, a reference beam is directed onto an upper and/or lower horizontal surface of the master elements.
  • the detachment module comprises a detachment roller which is positioned below a height position of a composite web.
  • the detachment module includes an actuator for moving the detachment roller along a path after exposure.
  • this path includes lifting the detachment module so that a composite web lying above it is also lifted.
  • the first carrier means is designed to carry at least two, preferably at least three, more preferably at least four master elements.
  • the device also includes a fixation module. This ensures an even more compact device and increases the quality of the end product, as fixation can take place immediately before optical or mechanical disturbances affect the composite web that has just been exposed.
  • the device comprises a control unit.
  • the control unit preferably comprises a processor and a memory.
  • the processor is preferably set up to control a selection and optionally arrangement of the sequence of the master elements, the processor reading sequence data from the memory and signaling to an actuator and/or a user in which sequence the master elements are to be arranged.
  • the control unit can thus preferably ensure that the master holograms are arranged in the first carrier means in a predetermined order, such as an order in which larger components, which integrate the replicated holograms, are processed on a parallel production line.
  • control unit preferably refers to any computer unit with a processor, a processor chip, a microprocessor or a microcontroller that enables automatic control of the components of the device, e.g. B. a rotation speed of an unwinding roller, winding roller, lamination roller, transport roller, the movements of a pick-and-place robot for the master elements, an alignment unit for the master elements or the carrier means, a lamination temperature, a lamination pressure, an orientation and / or scanning Speed of a light source, a wavelength of the light source, a fixation intensity, etc.
  • the components of the control unit can be conventional or individually configured for the respective implementation.
  • the control unit comprises a processor, a memory and computer code (software/firmware) for controlling the components of the device.
  • the control unit may also include a programmable circuit board, a microcontroller or other device for receiving and processing data signals from the components of the device, for example from sensors relating to the identity or type of a master element, as well as other relevant sensory information.
  • the control unit preferably further includes a computer-usable or computer-readable medium, such as a hard drive, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, etc., on which a computer software or code is installed.
  • the computer code or software that controls the components of the device can be written in any programming language or model-based development environment, such as: B. without limitation in C/C++, C#, Objective-C, Java, Basic/VisualBasic, MATLAB, Python, Simulink, StateFlow, Lab View or Assembler.
  • control unit is configured to” perform a particular process step, such as exposing a master element at a specific angle by changing the speed of one or more drive motors, may include custom or standard software installed on the control unit and initiates and regulates these operating steps.
  • exposure instructions for the sequence are stored in the memory.
  • the processor signals a user and/or an actuator to adjust the position, path, and/or wavelength of a light source according to the exposure instructions.
  • the control unit comprises an interface for signaling the exposure instructions to a user.
  • control unit is connected to a sensor, the sensor preferably reading an ID feature of the individual master elements or a storage location of the master elements and transmitting the ID to the control unit for controlling and/or monitoring the sequential arrangement.
  • an “ID feature” preferably refers to all or part of the master hologram itself, or alternatively a QR code, a barcode, a number, a symbol or the like that is permanently or removable on the master element Identification can be attached. Additionally or alternatively, the ID feature may not be on the master element, but rather on its storage location. Preferably, the ID feature is applied to an area of the master element that does not cross the path of a light beam used for exposure. This area is preferably located on a different surface of the master element than the at least two optically accessible surfaces.
  • the control unit can prevent and/or detect errors in the sequence. Preferably, the control unit can also alert a user to such errors, so that corrective intervention can be made in the production process can.
  • a register of the exposed holograms can be created and stored in memory. This can be used for quality control and statistical purposes. The control unit can also use this information to determine which master elements need to be serviced or replaced. For example, depending on the number of uses, possibly weighted by the intensity of an exposure, corresponding master elements can be replaced before degradation of the master elements leads to loss of quality.
  • the invention in a further aspect, relates to a system for replicating a plurality of holograms comprising a device as described above and a plurality of master elements.
  • the master elements include a substrate body and at least one master hologram, with a sequence of master elements being selectable from the plurality of master elements depending on the plurality of holograms to be replicated.
  • the first carrier means is designed so that master elements of different shapes and/or sizes can be arranged therein.
  • one or more frame elements and/or spacers of the carrier means can be arranged in a displaceable and/or clampable manner.
  • the first carrier means can also be designed so that it can accommodate master elements of different thicknesses. To bring the tops of the master elements to the same level, filler substrate blocks can be placed under one or more master elements.
  • the substrate bodies of the master elements have the same dimensions.
  • the substrate bodies preferably have a cuboid shape.
  • the use of identical square shapes for the master elements has proven to be particularly easy for the alignment of the master elements in the first carrier means.
  • the substrate bodies preferably have a height between 1 - 10 cm, a length between 3 - 20 cm and a width between 3 - 20 cm.
  • the system can in principle include master elements of any size, a height of at least 1 cm has proven to be preferred, as this provides sufficient area on the side of the master elements for exposure.
  • the preferred heights also allow exposure from different angles to be easily achieved Angles are done to meet different requirements for the replication of the holograms.
  • the preferred dimensions ensure sufficient robustness with a compact size to enable easy replacement.
  • the preferred lengths and/or widths of at least 3 cm also enable sufficiently economical use of the composite web, especially if there is a buffer distance between the master elements.
  • the dimensions are suitable for capturing the image or pattern to be copied for applications such as banknote printing.
  • the lengths and/or widths of the substrate bodies are also not limited, the manufacturing costs can be reduced and particularly easy handling can be achieved for substrate bodies with a length and/or width of up to 20 cm.
  • the at least two optically accessible surfaces of the master elements are polished, the degree of polishing preferably being at least P3.
  • the optically accessible surfaces of the coupling elements are also polished, the degree of polishing preferably also being at least P3.
  • the optically accessible surfaces are preferably provided with an anti-reflective coating.
  • a surface of the coupling element is brought over the composite track against a surface of the master element, it is advantageous for both surfaces to be polished. It is also further preferred that a wedge error of the master elements and/or the coupling elements is reduced individually and to one another as much as possible. By moving the coupling elements in parallel with respect to the master elements, the flat optical contact could be impaired in the event of an undesirable wedge.
  • the substrate bodies of the master elements are formed from a material which is an optical plastic.
  • the material of the substrate body is selected from the following group: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymers (COP), cycloolefin copolymers (COC) and/or an optical glass, preferably selected from the group comprising: Borosilicate glass, fused silica, B270, N-BK7, N-SF2, P-SF68, P-SK57Q1, P-SK58A and/or P-BK7.
  • both the substrate body and any cover of the master element have a refractive index between 1.4 and 1.6.
  • the selection of material for the substrate body may depend on the desired exposure angle, any height restrictions, and the resulting desired refractive index. It may also be preferred that a substrate body is colored in order, for example, to filter light wavelength-selectively in order to achieve a To create a hologram with a specific wavelength. In this way, a broadband light source can be used to expose different master holograms.
  • the master elements are present separately in the first carrier means along a linear arrangement.
  • the carrier means can therefore preferably form a buffer distance between adjacent master elements.
  • the buffer distance prevents unwanted propagation or scattering of light from one master element to an adjacent master element from affecting the replicated hologram.
  • the distance can make handling the replicated holograms easier.
  • the separation of the respective holograms is easier.
  • a small edge can remain free around the hologram, which allows the hologram to be transported without touching the image content. The risk of damage to the finished replicated holograms is reduced and quality is increased.
  • the master elements are preferably separated by light-absorbing spacers. This protects the master holograms and the portion of the composite web lying thereon from stray light or from light used to expose an adjacent master hologram. If unwanted light reaches the wrong areas of the composite web, it can be exposed to unwanted patterns that overlay the replicated image and reduce its quality. If a first master element is exposed by light directed onto its side surface without a light-absorbing barrier being present, the light can, for example, reach a second master element which is arranged in a row next to the first. In this way, the second master element can be exposed from an inappropriate angle, causing an unintentional ghost image on the relevant part of the composite web. This phenomenon is called “cross-talk” and is particularly effectively prevented by using light-absorbing spacers.
  • the outward-facing side surfaces and the top of the master elements can also be kept optically accessible.
  • the substrate body of the master elements can advantageously be kept completely transparent from all sides. This is particularly advantageous in order to enable exposure from different orientations, for example for transmission or reflection, possibly in an edge-lit or back-lit configuration.
  • a light-absorbing layer may be applied to vertical surfaces of the mast elements.
  • a light absorbing layer can be much thinner than a spacer of the support medium. This means that several master elements can be exposed next to each other without causing optical interference, while at the same time minimal buffer distance or an almost continuous effect is maintained in a replicated hologram from several components of the different master holograms.
  • This advantageously enables an almost seamlessly replicated (overall) hologram with large dimensions and high image quality without having to use an equally large master element.
  • small changes can be made to part of the hologram without having to replace all master elements.
  • An area of a (overall) hologram to be replicated, which is to be changed between runs, can, for example, concern the (national) language of a text element that is used in a head-up display in a car.
  • the necessary arrangement or orientation of the master elements may also vary depending on whether it is a head-up display for a left-hand drive or a right-hand drive vehicle of the same model.
  • the method and the device using a box principle in which individual master elements can be easily exchanged accordingly, allow such adjustments to be implemented quickly and cost-effectively.
  • a thickness of the light-absorbing layer is preferably up to 5 mm, preferably up to 3 mm and even more preferably up to 1 mm and/or preferably at least 10 pm, preferably at least 100 pm, particularly preferably at least 500 pm.
  • the device according to the invention and/or the system are configured to carry out a method for replicating a plurality of holograms.
  • the method preferably comprises the following steps: a. Providing a plurality of master elements comprising a substrate body and at least one master hologram, b. Selecting a sequence of master elements from the plurality of master elements depending on the plurality of holograms to be replicated and arranging the sequence of master elements on a first carrier means so that upper surfaces of the master elements are aligned in a horizontal plane, c. Removable lamination of a light-sensitive composite web onto the aligned surfaces of the master elements, i.e. exposing the master elements to replicate the master holograms into the photosensitive composite web, and e.
  • the process steps can be programmed in a control unit.
  • a selection and optionally the arrangement of the sequence of the master elements is controlled by a control unit.
  • control unit comprises a processor and a memory.
  • the processor reads sequence data from memory and signals an actuator and/or a user in which sequence the master elements are to be arranged.
  • the control unit can thus preferably ensure that the master holograms are arranged in the first carrier means in a predetermined order, such as an order in which larger components, which integrate the replicated holograms, are processed on a parallel production line.
  • control unit may instruct an actuator to bring the next master element or the next n master elements in the sequence closer to or into the first carrier means, where n is preferably the number of master elements that the first carrier means can accommodate.
  • the actuator may preferably be a logistics dolly, another assembly line, a turntable or a pick-and-place robot, to name just examples. In this way, the placement of master elements in the correct order can be partially or fully automated, reducing the risk of human error.
  • control unit is configured to signal the next master element or the next n master elements to a user. This can be done in different ways, for example visually or acoustically. As an example of a visual signal, the controller may be configured to activate a light at the location of the next master item, e.g., the corresponding shelf, box, cart, etc.
  • control unit comprises an interface for signaling the sequence to a user.
  • the processor can therefore be configured to read sequence data from memory and instruct the interface, e.g. a screen, to display all or a relevant part of the sequence data.
  • the sequence data may preferably include information about: - the identities or types of the master elements to be exposed and their order,
  • a matrix arrangement of the master elements in the first carrier means for example a row and column number
  • the type of hologram to be created for example a reflection or transmission hologram.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a further preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which coupling elements are used.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which light-absorbing spacers separate the master elements and coupling elements.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic top view illustrating an exchange of master elements in a first carrier means.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic top view of an arrangement of master elements in two rows in a first support means.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention in different stages: A) before lamination, B) during lamination, C) during exposure, D) after exposure, E) during detachment, F) after a replacement.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of a reconstruction of an edge-lit
  • Figure 8 is a schematic front view of a reconstruction of an edge-lit
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating an edge-lit reflection hologram using a coupling element.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating an edge-lit transmission hologram using a coupling element.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating a top-exposed reflection hologram.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic front view of an exposure process in which a multiplex hologram comprising both a reflection hologram and an edge-lit transmission hologram is replicated.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic front view of an exposure process in which a transmission hologram is exposed from below.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating a multiplex hologram comprising a transmission hologram and an edge-lit reflection hologram.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic front view of an exposure process in which edge-lit transmission holograms are simultaneously exposed from both sides of a first two-row support.
  • 16A - 16F show an example of the use of a wedge-shaped coupling element with an optical liquid.
  • 17A - 17F show an example of the use of a cylindrical coupling element with an optical liquid
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a preferred embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the figure shows schematically a first support means 10, which holds a linear arrangement of five master elements 2 in such a way that the horizontal top sides of these elements are flush with each other and with the first support means 10.
  • a simple embodiment of the first carrier means 10 is shown, which only has two End blocks include, which can preferably be fixed in position, for example by clamping to each other or to a stationary surface.
  • any embodiment of the first support means 10 can be used, for example a frame connected along the underside of the master elements, or an arrangement of cavities separated by webs for receiving the master elements 2, so that at least two of their surfaces are optically accessible.
  • the first support means 10 can, for example, comprise a frame element along a lower outer edge of the master elements 2, which covers no more than 50%, preferably up to a maximum of 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% or less of the side surfaces of the master elements 2.
  • side surfaces are preferably viewed as optically accessible surfaces.
  • the master elements 2 have at least three optically accessible surfaces. F1 and F2 are visually accessible side surfaces. F3 is an upper surface and is only covered by the composite membrane 3. However, the composite sheet 3 is not a light-absorbing material, so that the upper surface F3 can be considered optically accessible.
  • the exposure of the master hologram 6 in the master elements 2 can be done by directing light onto one or more of these optically accessible surfaces.
  • An unlabeled underside of the master elements 2 can also be visually accessible, in particular if a first support means 10 with a corresponding frame structure is selected. The range of angles from which the exposure can take place is therefore very large and suitable for a wide variety of exposure arrangements
  • the composite web 3 is stretched over the top of the master elements 2 and the first carrier means 10.
  • This arrangement results from laminating the composite web 3 onto the flush surface using the laminating module.
  • the laminating module includes the laminating roller 7. This can, for example, move down from the right side of the figure onto the composite web 3, press on the flush surface and roll in a relative movement to the position shown on the left in FIG. 1 (see also Fig. 6 A-F).
  • the first carrier means 10 and the lamination roller 7 either comprise a light-absorbing material or are coated with an absorber layer 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the structure of the embodiment is analogous to that of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 with the main difference that the coupling elements 8 are present in a linear arrangement above the master elements 2.
  • the coupling elements 8 can be placed manually on the master elements 2, it is preferable that they are supported by a second carrier means (not shown) such as for example, be carried on a frame. This enables precise and repeatable placement of the coupling elements 8.
  • all coupling elements 8 are the same size and the same shape, as are all master elements 2.
  • the size and shape of the coupling elements 8 is also the same as that of the master elements 2.
  • Each coupling element 8 corresponds a single master element 2 and is placed directly above it, so that the side surfaces of a coupling element 8 are flush with the side surfaces of the corresponding master element 2.
  • each coupling element 8 is optically accessible.
  • the coupling element 8 is optically accessible at least from its side surfaces F4 and F5 as well as an upper surface (without reference numbers).
  • the coupling elements 8 comprise a transparent block made of a preferably identical material as the substrate body 14 of the master elements 2.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further preferred embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention.
  • the structure of the device 1 is analogous to that of Fig. 2.
  • the main difference is the use of light-absorbing spacers 4 between the master elements 2. These are shown in black in the figure. Although its top side is not visible, the top side is flush with that of the first support means 10 and the master elements 2.
  • a series of light-absorbing spacers 4 which separate the coupling elements 8 from one another, so that a lower surface of the Spacer 4 is flush with a lower surface of the coupling elements 8. It is preferred that the spacers 4 are arranged between the inner side surfaces of the master elements 2 and the coupling elements 8 and in contact with them. This preferably means that the spacers 4 are arranged along the surface that separates a master element 2 from an adjacent master element 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a single-row first carrier means 10, which comprises four master elements A - D.
  • the figure illustrates how easily the master elements 2 can be exchanged based on the case principle according to the invention.
  • the master element C can be removed by moving it horizontally, for example.
  • the master element E can be inserted into the gap in the same way, for example by pushing it into the corresponding recess.
  • the figure also shows an example of the dimensions of the master elements 2.
  • the width of a master element 2 can be, for example, approximately 80 mm, while the length can be, for example, approximately 100 mm.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a two-row first carrier means 10, which comprises eight master elements A - H.
  • first carrier means 10 which comprises eight master elements A - H.
  • Figure 6A shows the positions of the various elements of the device shortly before the start of a lamination step.
  • the master elements A, B, C, etc. are placed in a linear arrangement in the first support means 10.
  • the support means 10 comprises only a single row.
  • the number of master elements 2 arranged in the individual row and their length determine the repeat length or “repeat length” 20.
  • the laminating roller 7 moves vertically (up/down).
  • the laminating roller 7 is advantageously in a first position above the first carrier means 10 and above the composite web 3, so that no friction between the laminating roller 7 and the composite web 3 hinders the movement of the composite web .
  • the laminating roller 7 is positioned laterally during the flow of the composite web 3 so that it is outside the space between the coupling elements 8 and the master elements 2. This enables free vertical movement of the coupling elements 8 in the space between them and the master elements.
  • the laminating roller 7 is lowered to a second height so that it reaches the level of the aligned horizontal surfaces of the master elements 2.
  • the coupling elements 8 in this embodiment include a lower coupling section 9.
  • the coupling section 9 consists - in contrast to the main body of the coupling element 8, which is rigid - of an elastic, transparent material such as silicone.
  • Figure 6B shows the positions of the various elements of the device 1 during the lamination process.
  • the lamination brings the composite web 3 into optical contact with the top sides of the master elements 2.
  • the coupling elements 8, which are on housed in a second support means (not shown).
  • the speed of lowering the coupling elements 8 and/or the speed of rolling the laminating roller 7 are coordinated with one another in order to ensure rapid application of the coupling elements 8 without the risk of mutual interference.
  • Figure 6C shows the positions of various elements of the device during exposure.
  • the coupling elements 8 are lowered to such an extent that the coupling sections 9 come into contact with the composite web 3 and are pressed elastically against the top of the master elements 2. In this way, the coupling sections 9 ensure a particularly homogeneous and complete optical contact between the master elements 2, the composite web 3 and the coupling elements 8.
  • the exposure module is not shown in this figure, but can be designed in various ways, including one or more light sources , mirrors, lenses, color filters, axes, and motors.
  • Figure 6D shows the positions of various elements of the preferred device after the exposure process.
  • the coupling elements 8 begin to be raised back to their first height.
  • the laminating roller 7 begins to roll horizontally downstream.
  • Fig. 10 shows the coupling elements 8 and the laminating roller 7 in intermediate positions as they are moved after exposure.
  • FIG. 6E shows the device 1 during a detachment step in which the composite web 3 is detached from the top of the master elements 2.
  • the laminating roller 7 is moved horizontally to the right.
  • a release roller located in front of the master elements 2 can be raised upwards.
  • the composite web 3 is arranged above the detachment roller, so that it is also raised by lifting the detachment roller.
  • Fig. 6F shows device 1 after the detachment step.
  • the coupling elements 8 were completely raised to their first height and the composite web 3 was detached from the master elements 2. A sufficient distance remains between the raised composite web 3 and the master elements 2 so that they can be removed, replaced or rearranged without touching the composite web 3.
  • the laminating roller 7 can be raised back to its first height at this stage. As a result, the composite web 3 is no longer clamped between the laminating roller 7 and the first carrier means 10. At this stage, the composite web 3 can continue to flow to later work stations of the process, for example to a fixation module.
  • the flow of the composite web 3 is preferably effected by a transport roller (not shown).
  • the following figures illustrate various exemplary exposure techniques and hologram types that can be produced using the method and the device 1 according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of an edge-lit reflection hologram 13.
  • the edge-lit reflection hologram 13 is located on a substrate body 14 and is enclosed under a cover 21.
  • the reflection hologram 13, the substrate body 14 and the cover 21 form a master element 2.
  • the arrows represent light rays for the reconstruction of a holographic image from the reflection hologram 13.
  • a reconstruction beam 19 is directed obliquely upwards onto a side surface of the master element, so that the beam is reflected at a suitable angle to the reflection hologram 13.
  • the beam 19 is refracted by the transparent substrate body 14 of the master element 2.
  • the refracted beam passes through the reflection hologram 13, which is located in the master element 2, and is reflected back to the reflection hologram 13 at an upper boundary surface of the cover 21.
  • Reference number 15 shows schematically the total internal reflection caused by the interface.
  • the angle at which these totally reflected rays hit the reflection hologram 13 is crucial for its reconstruction.
  • the totally reflected rays are reflected by the reflection hologram 13, which is shown by the dashed arrows.
  • the holographic image produced is thus essentially orthogonal to the surface of the hologram 13, which facilitates readability when placed, for example, in a vertical surface.
  • the illumination is referred to as edge-lit because the reconstruction beam hits the hologram or the substrate body 14 essentially from the side.
  • Such a hologram can advantageously be used in glass panels that are illuminated from a side edge so that the light source remains compact and hidden. Essentially, holographic imaging is only visible when the light source, such as an LED, is activated from the appropriate angle, for example to display a warning symbol on a windshield.
  • the edge-lit reflection hologram 13 can function as a master hologram.
  • the master hologram and the light-sensitive composite web must be exposed from an appropriate angle during reproduction. This can be done with the help of embodiments of the device and method according to the invention, as explained further below.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic front view of a reconstruction of an edge-lit transmission hologram 16.
  • the edge-lit transmission hologram 16 is also located on a substrate body 14 and is enclosed under a cover 21.
  • the Transmission hologram 16, the substrate body 14 and the cover 21 form a master element 2.
  • a reconstruction beam 19 is directed obliquely upward onto a side surface of the master element 2, so that the beam hits the transmission hologram 16 at a suitable angle.
  • the beam 19 is refracted through the transparent substrate body 14 of the master element 2 and hits the transmission hologram 16 at this angle.
  • the reconstruction beam 19 is at least partially diffracted by the edge-lit transmission hologram 16 to produce a holographic image.
  • the beams 12 for forming the holographic image are essentially orthogonal to the surface of the hologram. This can make viewing easier, depending on the position of the hologram relative to the user's eye level.
  • This edge-lit transmission hologram 16 can also be used as a master hologram 6 to replicate the edge-lit transmission hologram 16 into a light-sensitive composite web 3. In order to ensure the desired reconstruction angle, the master hologram 6 and the composite web 3 must be exposed at exactly the same angle at which the reconstruction beam 19 hits the edge-lit transmission hologram 16 in FIG. 8.
  • the necessary angle at which a reconstruction light must strike the replicated hologram in order to be correctly reflected and/or diffracted can be acute .
  • Direct exposure at such an acute angle can encounter mechanical challenges.
  • the use of the substrate body 14 increases the flexibility with which the light source can be positioned and moved for exposure. This is because the angle of incidence of the light on the master hologram 6 depends not only on the position of the light source, but also on the refraction caused by the substrate body 14.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating an edge-lit reflection hologram 13 with the aid of a coupling element 8.
  • a reference beam 11 is directed obliquely downwards onto a side surface of the coupling element 8, which is shown as a block above the master element 2.
  • the reference beam 11 is refracted by the coupling element 8 and the refracted reference beam 11 passes through the composite web 3 to the master hologram 6.
  • the refraction caused by the coupling element 8 contributes to achieving the acute angle of incidence required for the edge-lit hologram.
  • the master hologram 6 reflects the reference beam 11 so that an object beam 22 (in the same direction as the reconstructed beam 12 from FIG. 7) passes from the master hologram 6 through the composite web 3.
  • the object beam 22 interferes with the reference beam 11 in the light-sensitive material of the composite web 3 to generate the reflection hologram. These two rays arrive from different sides the light-sensitive material, so that the replicated hologram is a reflection hologram.
  • the reference number 17 shows schematically the two interfering beams.
  • a reconstruction beam 19 can be used to show the reflection hologram.
  • the reconstruction beam 19 is reflected by the microstructure of the exposed light-sensitive material in the direction of the dashed line with the reference number 12, as explained in more detail for FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating an edge-lit transmission hologram 16 using a coupling element 8.
  • a reference beam 11 falls on a side surface of a master element in an oblique upward direction.
  • the reference beam 11 is refracted by the substrate body 14 of the master element 2 and the refracted beam is transmitted through the master hologram 6 and through the composite web 3.
  • the reference beam 11 is transmitted through the master hologram 6 partially undiffracted and partially diffracted in order to generate an object beam 22, which also passes through the composite web 3.
  • This optical contact is also achieved by laminating the composite sheet 3 onto the master element 2, the optional use of optical liquids and the appropriate selection of materials with similar refractive indices.
  • the diffracted object beam 22 and the undiffracted transmitted reference beam 11 interfere in the light-sensitive material of the composite web 3 in order to inscribe the transmission hologram.
  • the two interfering beams are identified by reference number 17. The two beams therefore hit the light-sensitive material from the same side or under the same beam direction in order to replicate a transmission hologram in the composite web 3.
  • a reconstruction beam that falls on the composite web from the same angle as the refracted reference beam 11 can be used to reconstruct the hologram.
  • the reconstructed beam is indicated schematically by the dashed arrows 12.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating a reflection hologram.
  • no coupling element 8 is used.
  • the top of the master element 2 is optically accessible during exposure.
  • a reference beam 11 falls obliquely downward onto the composite web 3 and is refracted by the composite web 3 and/or cover 21 so that it is transmitted to the master hologram 6 at a suitable angle.
  • the master hologram 6 reflects this Reference beam 11 to an object beam 22, which passes through the composite web upwards in the direction of the dashed arrow. Since the object beam 22 and the reference beam 11 strike the light-sensitive material of the composite web 3 from different sides or under different beam directions, the replicated hologram is a reflection hologram.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic front view of an exposure process in which a multiplex hologram is replicated, which includes both a reflection hologram and an edge-lit transmission hologram as the master hologram 6.
  • the transmission hologram is generated in a similar manner as explained above for Figure 10.
  • a further reference beam 11 is directed obliquely onto an upper surface of the coupling element 8. This is refracted by the coupling element 8 and transmitted through the composite web 3 to the master hologram 6.
  • the master hologram 6 reflects the reference beam 11 to generate an object beam 22 which is transmitted upward through the composite web 3.
  • the dotted-dashed arrows 22 show the reflected object rays of the reflection hologram, which interfere with the reference beam 11 to generate a reflection hologram in the light-sensitive material of the composite web 3.
  • the dashed arrows 22 pointing upwards, on the other hand, show the diffracted object beams of the transmission hologram, which interfere with the undiffracted portion of the reference beam 11 incident obliquely from below to produce an edge-lit transmission hologram 16 in the composite web 3.
  • the coupling element 8 can be brought into contact with the composite web 3 during the exposure of the transmission hologram 16, while it is removed during the exposure of the reflection hologram.
  • the reference beam 11, which is used to write the reflection hologram is not refracted by the coupling element 8, as indicated by the dashed arrows 11. This can be taken into account when adjusting the angle of the light source so that the desired reconstruction signal of the hologram can be generated.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of an exposure process in which a transmission hologram 16 is exposed from below.
  • one of the at least two visually accessible surfaces of the master element is the bottom surface.
  • the height of the master element 2 or the substrate body 14 can be used advantageously to refract the light of a reference beam 11 and to ensure the desired impact angle of the light. This allows coupling to take place through a polished underside.
  • 14 is a schematic front view of an exposure process for replicating a multiplex hologram comprising a transmission hologram 18 and an edge-lit reflection hologram 13.
  • the transmission hologram 16 is replicated in a similar manner as explained above for FIG. 13.
  • the light source is aligned below the master element 2 so that a reference beam 11 is directed obliquely upwards.
  • the reflection hologram 13 is replicated by an edge-lit method with the aid of a coupling element 8, as explained above for FIG. 9.
  • the angles of the reference beams 11 used to generate the transmission and reflection holograms are selected so that the optical signal generated by the reconstruction of both holograms is in the same direction as through the two types of shown by dashed arrows.
  • the first support means 10 is configured to include two rows of master elements 2. The two rows are separated by a light-absorbing spacer 4.
  • the coupling elements 8 in the second carrier means are separated by an analog light-absorbing spacer 4.
  • the spacers 4 keep a buffer in the composite web 3 free from exposure.
  • the composite web 3 can be exposed from two directions simultaneously, as shown in the figure. This increases the speed of the procedure.
  • the exposure method replicates a transmission hologram 16 on both master elements 2 shown in a composite web 3.
  • each master hologram 6 it is entirely possible for each master hologram 6 to be exposed from a different angle and/or to produce a different type of hologram. Thanks to the light-absorbing spacer 4, the reference beam 11, which is used to expose a master hologram 2, does not penetrate into the neighboring hologram. This prevents disruptions such as “cross-talk” and increases the quality of the holograms produced.
  • Figures 16A - 16F show schematically an embodiment of the invention, wherein the coupling element 8 is pushed over the surface of the composite web 3 with an optical liquid 29.
  • the coupling element 8 has a prismatic shape with a trapezoidal cross section, the shortest side of the trapezoid corresponding to a contact surface 30 which is designed for contact with the master elements 2.
  • the shape of the coupling element 8 can therefore also be referred to as a wedge shape.
  • Figure 16A shows a first phase of the method.
  • the master elements 2 are provided in a first carrier means 10 so that their surfaces are essentially flush.
  • a composite track 3 is provided for replication of the master elements.
  • the composite railway 3 is laminated onto the flush surfaces of the master elements 2 using a laminating roller 7.
  • the lamination roller 7 is brought from a storage position onto the surface of the master elements 2, so that the composite web 3 is located between the lamination roller 7 and the master elements 2.
  • the lamination roller 7 When positioning the lamination roller 7 on the master elements 2 before lamination, the lamination roller 7 can be moved, in particular rolled, along a plane comprising the surface of the master elements 2. Optionally, the lamination roller 7 is also lowered down to the level of the surfaces of the master elements 2. For this purpose, means for adjusting the height of the lamination roller 7 are preferably used. In order to compensate for variations between the heights of the master elements 2 and/or variations in the positioning of the first carrier means 10, it may be preferred to also adjust the height of the lamination roller 7. For this purpose, the lamination roller 7 can be lowered in steps of, for example, 50 pm until a desired pressure between the lamination roller 7 and the master elements 2 is achieved. Reaching the desired pressure can be detected by a suitable sensor.
  • FIG. 16B shows a further phase of the process after the lamination of the composite web 3 onto the surface of the master elements 2.
  • a metering unit 28 for metering optical liquid 29 is applied to the surface of a master element 2 at the end of the first carrier means 10.
  • the dosing unit 28 is lowered from a storage position.
  • the metering unit 28 applies a quantity of optical liquid 29 to the master element 2, the quantity of the optical liquid 29 being designed to cover a contact surface between the coupling element and the composite web.
  • the dosing unit 28 is then brought back into its storage position, as shown in FIG. 16C.
  • 16D shows schematically, with the arrow pointing downwards, the height adjustment of the coupling element 8 in order to bring the coupling element 8 from a storage position to a proximity to the master elements 2.
  • 16E shows the coupling element 8 after it has been positioned on the surface of a master element 2.
  • the coupling element 8 is in contact with the composite web 3, which in turn is laminated to the surface of the master elements 2.
  • the contact surface 30 of the coupling element 8 is applied to the composite web 3, so that the optical liquid 29 is located between the coupling element 8 and the composite web 3.
  • the optical liquid 29 crosslinks both with the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3 due to capillary forces.
  • the optical liquid 29 thus completely excludes the gap between the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3.
  • the optical liquid 29 has a refractive index that is essentially identical to the refractive index of the coupling element 8 and / or an upper carrier film of the composite web 3, it prevents unwanted reflections at interfaces between the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3.
  • the optical Liquid 29 acts as a lubricant, which supports the sliding of the coupling element 8 over the surface of the master element 2. The capillary forces cause the optical liquid 29 to inevitably follow the contact surface 30 as it moves along the surfaces of the master elements 2. This is shown schematically in Figure 16F.
  • a scanning reference beam 11 is directed onto the coupling element 8 in such a way that it is bent into the desired exposure angle by the wedge shape.
  • the scanning reference beam 11 follows the movement of the coupling element 8, for example by moving a laser itself along a track together with a scanning unit. This is shown schematically in Figures 16E and 16F.
  • the coupling element 8 is removed from the master elements 2 (not shown).
  • the coupling element 8 is preferably moved laterally/elongated and upwards in a continuous movement. Any suction effect is advantageously avoided or reduced.
  • Figures 17A - 17E show an exemplary embodiment of the invention, wherein the coupling element 8 has a cylindrical shape. Analogous to the embodiment of Figures 16A - 16E, an optical liquid 29 is introduced to improve the optical contact between the coupling element 8 and the composite web 3.
  • 17A shows a lamination step in which a lamination roller 7 is brought onto the surface of the composite web 3 so that the composite web 3 is enclosed between the lamination roller 7 and the first carrier means 10 or the master elements 2.
  • the lamination roller 7 rolls over the surfaces of the master elements 2 to bring the composite web 3 into mechanical and optical contact with them.
  • 17B and 17C show the application of a quantity of optical liquid 29 to the composite web 3. This is done - analogously to the embodiment of FIGS. 16A - 16E - by means of a height-adjustable metering unit 28.
  • the cylindrical coupling element 8 remains in a storage position, which in this embodiment is located above the level of the laminated composite web 3.
  • the cylindrical coupling element 8 is then positioned from the storage position onto the accessible surface of the composite web 3, so that the composite web 3 is located between the coupling element 8 and the first carrier means 10 or a master element 2.
  • this positioning of the coupling element 8 includes a downward movement, which is made possible by the height-adjustable mounting of the coupling element 8.
  • the downward movement is schematically represented by the downward arrow in Figure 17D.
  • FIG. 17E shows the coupling element 8 after it has been positioned on the master elements 2.
  • the figure also shows the initiation of a rolling movement of the coupling element 8 over the master elements 2.
  • the contact surface 30 of the coupling element 8 is applied to the composite web 3, so that the optical liquid 29 is located between the coupling element 8 and the composite web 3.
  • the optical liquid 29 crosslinks both the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3 due to capillary forces.
  • the optical liquid 29 thus completely excludes the gap between the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3. Since the optical liquid 29 has a refractive index that is essentially identical to the refractive index of the coupling element 8 and/or an upper carrier film of the composite web 3, it prevents unwanted reflections at interfaces between the contact surface 30 and the composite web 3.
  • the contact surface 30 between the cylindrical coupling element 8 and the composite web 3 is smaller than the contact surface 30 between the wedge-shaped coupling element 8 and the composite web 3.
  • a smaller amount of optical liquid 29 is therefore sufficient to bridge the interface between the cylindrical coupling element 8 and the composite web 3. Due to the capillary forces, the optical liquid 29 remains between the composite web 3 and the cylindrical coupling element 8 during its movement over the surfaces of the master elements 2. This is shown schematically in FIG. 17F.
  • a scanning reference beam 11 is directed onto the coupling element 8 synchronously with its movement.
  • the scanning reference beam 11 follows the movement of the rolling coupling element 8, for example by moving a laser itself along a track together with a scanning unit. This is shown schematically in Figures 17E and 17F. Reference symbol list

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes. Le dispositif comprend un premier moyen de support pour agencer une séquence d'éléments maîtres à partir de multiples éléments maîtres selon une pluralité d'hologrammes à répliquer, de telle sorte que des faces supérieures des éléments maîtres sont alignées dans un plan horizontal, et un module de stratification pour stratifier amovible une bande composite sensible à la lumière sur les faces supérieures alignées des éléments maîtres. Le dispositif comprend également un module d'exposition pour exposer les éléments maîtres afin de reproduire les hologrammes maîtres dans la bande composite photosensible et un module de détachement pour détacher la bande composite exposée des éléments maîtres. Les éléments maîtres sont insérés amovibles dans le premier moyen de support, de telle sorte qu'une séquence et/ou une composition des éléments maîtres peuvent être modifiées pour la réplication de la pluralité d'hologrammes. De plus, les éléments maîtres sont insérés dans le premier moyen de support de telle sorte qu'au moins deux faces des éléments maîtres sont optiquement accessibles en vue d'une exposition.
EP23757210.2A 2022-08-09 2023-08-08 Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas Pending EP4569382A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022119989.4A DE102022119989A1 (de) 2022-08-09 2022-08-09 Vorrichtung für die replikation einer mehrzahl von hologrammen mittels eines setzkastenprinzip
PCT/EP2023/071926 WO2024033357A1 (fr) 2022-08-09 2023-08-08 Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4569382A1 true EP4569382A1 (fr) 2025-06-18

Family

ID=87695949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23757210.2A Pending EP4569382A1 (fr) 2022-08-09 2023-08-08 Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4569382A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20250048274A (fr)
CN (1) CN119654599A (fr)
DE (1) DE102022119989A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024033357A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11249535A (ja) * 1998-03-02 1999-09-17 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd ホログラム複製用原版の保持装置
US7616363B2 (en) 2005-07-26 2009-11-10 Harris Kenneth R Method and apparatus for mass production of holograms
JP5733505B2 (ja) * 2010-03-19 2015-06-10 大日本印刷株式会社 透過型エッジリットホログラムの製造方法
DE102010014305A1 (de) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Hologram Industries Research Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen Kontaktkopien von Reflexions-Volumenhologrammen
DE102015109703B4 (de) 2015-06-17 2022-03-17 tooz technologies GmbH Brillenglas, Brille und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Brillenglases
KR102723842B1 (ko) * 2015-12-22 2024-10-31 코베스트로 도이칠란트 아게 기재-안내된 재구성 빔으로 부피 반사 홀로그램을 산업적으로 생산하기 위한 장치 및 방법
DE102019102610A1 (de) 2019-02-01 2020-08-06 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Funktionalisierte Scheibe für ein Fahrzeug
DE102019110833A1 (de) * 2019-04-26 2020-10-29 HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Hologramms, Hologramm so-wie Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2024033357A1 (fr) 2024-02-15
CN119654599A (zh) 2025-03-18
DE102022119989A1 (de) 2024-02-15
KR20250048274A (ko) 2025-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2201427B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'hologrammes en couleurs individualisés
EP2948273B1 (fr) Procédé d'inscription holographique a posteriori et dispositif d'inscription holographique a posteriori
EP3394681B1 (fr) Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'hologrammes volumiques par reflexion a l'aide de faisceaux de reconstruction guide par substrat
EP2208118B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de production d'hologrammes comprenant des régions ayant des caractéristiques de diffusion variées et l'hologramme correspondant
DE102007052951A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hologrammen als Sicherheitselemente
DE112017001245T5 (de) Mikrooptische Vorrichtung mit Struktur mit integriertem Fokussierungselement und Bildelement
DE102012215540B4 (de) Individualisierungseinrichtung und Belichtungsvorrichtung für Hologramme
EP2203790A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif d'éclairage à tambour holographique individuel
WO2007131496A2 (fr) Procédé de production de documents à hologramme, et document à hologramme correspondant
WO2020216541A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de réalisation d'un hologramme, hologramme et dispositif d'eclairage d'un véhicule
EP4569381A1 (fr) Procédé de reproduction d'une pluralité d'hologrammes au moyen d'un principe de casse
EP3657266A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de génération d'un hologramme
WO2017032450A1 (fr) Support de données multicouche présentant une fenêtre de vue en transparence étendue
EP4569382A1 (fr) Dispositif de réplication d'une pluralité d'hologrammes selon un principe type-cas
EP4573418A1 (fr) Procédé de reproduction pour reproduire des hologrammes dans des photopolymères liquides
EP4573417A1 (fr) Dispositif de reproduction pour reproduire des hologrammes dans des photopolymères liquides
DE102009005773B4 (de) Verfahren zum Herstellen von Hologrammen und hergestellte Hologramme
DE102023126453A1 (de) Sequentielle belichtung von hologramm-stacks
DE102006032234A1 (de) Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Sicherheitsmerkmals auf ein Sicherheitsdokument sowie Sicherheitsdokument mit einem Sicherheitsmerkmal
DE102023126450A1 (de) Verfahren für die replikation eines polychromatischen hologramms unter ausrichtung eines master-stack
EP3865951B1 (fr) Table d'exposition pour une machine d'exposition hologramme et procédé d'insertion d'un hologramme de volume dans une section de film
DE102023135327A1 (de) Vorrichtung mit holografischer Markierung, Masterplatte zur Herstellung einer derartigen Vorrichtung, und entsprechende Verfahren
DE102022115524A1 (de) Verfahren für die replikation eines hologrammes mittels einer optischen klebefolie
DE102014215145A1 (de) Einrichtung zum Bereitstellen eines Referenzstrahls zum Erzeugen eines Hologramms, Holografievorrichtung sowie holografisches Aufnahmeverfahren

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20250305

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC ME MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)