EP4403345B1 - Pendulum arm for a roller compressor for compressing waste materials - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a pendulum arm for a roller compactor for compacting waste materials, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

EP 0 106 268 A1 Figure 1 shows a waste compaction device in which an approximately cylindrical container is provided, with an axis arranged in its center. A driven roller body is arranged perpendicular to the axis. It is driven by a rotary motion and runs around the axis in a circular path within the container.

Another roller compactor was first presented by the applicant in the DE 30 23 508 C1 As described, a roller, guided at the end of a pivoting arm, compacts the waste. The roller's rotation redistributes the surface layers of waste within the container, allowing them to move lengthwise. This roller compactor is particularly well-suited for dry waste with large voids, such as bulky waste or wooden crates. The container's capacity is significantly increased compared to uncompacted waste.

Further developments, such as those found in the DE 20 2011 000 241 U1 and EP 2 808 161 A1 , where EP2808161A1 As described in the invention of a pendulum arm according to the preamble of claim 1, the support arm is positioned on a tripod outside the container to utilize the entire container volume for waste. This also makes it possible to use a stationary roller compactor with multiple interchangeable containers. A two-part articulated arm is provided. The first part of the articulated arm, connected to the tripod, can be raised by an actuator, such as a hydraulic cylinder, to lift the roller out of the container. A pendulum arm is attached to the other end of the first part via a pivot joint, and the rotatable roller is mounted at the end of the pendulum arm. The compaction is achieved solely by virtue of its own weight, i.e., without any contact pressure from the arm.

Torsional loads on the pendulum arm, and especially on the pivot bearing to which the pendulum arm is suspended, were identified as a problem. These occur primarily when only one of the two roller bodies is engaged with the waste to be shredded in the container and/or at the moment when the direction of rotation of the roller bodies is reversed.

The object of the invention is therefore to improve a pendulum arm of the type mentioned above in such a way that the torsional loads on the pendulum arm and in particular on its upper pivot bearing are reduced.

This problem is solved by a pendulum arm for a roller compactor with the features of claim 1.

This pendulum arm is a self-contained unit, making it ideal for retrofitting existing roller compactors. Together with a tripod and a support arm (at least one-piece), it forms a complete roller compactor.

All embodiments of the invention have in common that between the transmission holder element and the adjoining sections of the pendulum arm or within a pendulum arm divided into several parts, at least one torsional compensation coupling is arranged, which comprises at least two coupling element components that can be coupled together.

The basic principle of the invention is based on the fact that the coupling elements are freely rotatable over a small angle in both possible pivot directions and do not collide hard with each other at the end of the pivot range. This is achieved, firstly, by the coupling elements having effective stop surfaces around the compensating axis in both possible pivot directions, and secondly, by the presence of at least one elastomeric stop element between the contacting stop surfaces of the coupling elements. "Effective" means that the pivot angle is limited by the contacting stop surfaces and that direct contact between, in particular, metallic stop surfaces is prevented. The position and design of the elastomeric stop element can vary. It can be an elastomeric coating or covering of one or both stop surfaces, or it can be a separate element positioned between the stop surfaces.

The invention therefore does not provide for an element such as a torsion spring that is twisted, or another spring element that is tensioned directly at the beginning of the twisting.

1. 1) In einer ersten Phase erfolgt eine freie Bewegung der beiden Kupplungsteilelemente zueinander, bis beide Anschlagflächen an dem elastomeren Element anliegen bzw. eine Anschlagfläche ohne elastomere Beschichtung an der anderen Anschlagfläche mit elastomerer Beschichtung anliegt.
2. 2) In einer zweiten Phase erfolgt die Kompression des elastomeren Anschlagelements, das elastisch verformt wird. Insbesondere diese Phase dient dem Abfedern von Lastspitzen.
3. 3) Nach Erreichen einer maximalen Kompression des elastomeren Anschlagelements wird das Drehmoment unvermindert von einem Kupplungsteilelement auf das andere Übertragen, was für das Kompaktieren von Abfallstoffen über den Pendelarm und die Walzeneinheit erforderlich ist.

Rather, a preferred embodiment of the torsional compensation coupling in the pendulum arm of the invention enables three phases of movement:

1. 1) In a first phase, the two coupling elements move freely towards each other until both contact surfaces are in contact with the elastomeric element or until a contact surface without an elastomeric coating is in contact with the other contact surface with an elastomeric coating.
2. 2) In a second phase, the elastomeric stop element is compressed and elastically deformed. This phase, in particular, serves to cushion load peaks.
3. 3) After reaching maximum compression of the elastomeric stop element, the torque is transmitted undiminished from one coupling element to the other, which is necessary for compacting waste materials via the pendulum arm and roller unit.

The coupling components are, in particular, flange-like plates aligned parallel to each other. Preferably, they have at least one recess in the center to allow electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic lines to pass through the torsional coupling from the pendulum arm to the transmission mounting element or to a further section of the pendulum arm.

The coupling components can be pivoted relative to each other with respect to a compensating axis extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pendulum arm, with the pivot angle being positively limited in each case. At least when the end ranges of the possible pivot angle are reached, and possibly even earlier during the pivoting movement, at least one spring element and/or an elastomeric stop element arranged between the coupling components is deformed, so that torque peaks are mitigated and the torsional load on the pendulum arm and its bearing on the support arm is reduced.

Several embodiments provide that a coupling component has an axle stub which is aligned parallel to or in line with the longitudinal axis of the pendulum arm and which engages in a bearing bushing on the other coupling component and is positively secured there in such a way that tensile and compressive forces as well as bending moments can be transmitted via it.

In several embodiments, it is provided that at least one protruding element on an elastomeric stop element engages in a recess on the other coupling component, so that the possible swivel angle is positively limited.

In a first preferred embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling, one of the coupling components has brackets for elastomeric stop elements on both sides of a central axis. Preferably, at least one pair of elastomeric stop elements can be arranged above and below the axis, with a gap-like space between each pair. On the other coupling component, projecting, wing-like drive elements are provided above and/or below an axis receptacle. The drive element initially moves freely in the space between the paired stop elements and then, at the end of the intended pivoting movement, abuts one of the stop elements. Preferably, there is one drive element above and one below the axis, and two pairs of stop elements associated with each of these drive elements.

In a slightly modified second embodiment of a torsion compensation coupling, at least one radially projecting, wing-like drive element is attached to the central axis, and at least two elastomeric stop elements are spaced apart from each other on the other coupling component, which has the bearing bushing for the axis. The drive element initially moves freely in the space between the stop elements and then, at the end of the intended pivoting movement, abuts one of the stop elements. Preferably, there are two wing-like drive elements on diametrically opposite sides of the axis and two pairs of stop elements.

Similarly, another embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling is constructed in which the swivel angle is limited by the fact that both coupling elements each have an X-shaped rib structure on their facing sides. The X-shaped rib structure of one coupling element is narrower than the X-shaped rib structure of the other coupling element and projects further axially forward. This allows the rib structures to interlock positively and remain pivotable relative to each other until the ribs touch. Elastomeric stop elements are attached at the contact points between the rib structures to decelerate and then stop the movement when the end position is reached.

In another embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling, a pendulum bearing is formed off-center between the coupling elements via a common axis, particularly in the upper or lower edge region. A guide pin is also provided in the vertically opposite lower or upper edge region of one coupling element, which engages in a circular arc-shaped guide groove on the other coupling element.

Another embodiment provides that the torsional compensation coupling has flange-like coupling elements which are pivotably coupled to each other via a bearing bushing on one coupling element and an axle engaging therein on the other coupling element. A stop element is inserted between several corner regions of the rectangular flanges of the coupling elements, by which the coupling elements are articulated to each other. The pivot angle between the coupling elements is positively limited by guide pins on one coupling element that engage in guide grooves on the other coupling element.

Preferably, at least one limit switch, such as an inductive proximity switch, is provided in the torsional compensation coupling. which may already give a signal for an emergency shutdown of the roller drive when the end position of the swivel movement is reached, but at the latest when there is strong compression of the spring and/or stop elements provided in the end positions.

Fig. 1

einen Walzenverdichter mit einem Pendelarm zur Verdichtung von Abfallstoffen in seitlicher Ansicht;

Fig. 2

einen erfindungsgemäßen Pendelarm mit einer Walzeneinheit in Ansicht von oben;

Fig. 3

eine erste Ausführungsform einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung in Explosionsansicht;

Fig. 4

die montierte Torsionsausgleichskupplung gemäß Figur 3 in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 5

die Torsionsausgleichskupplung gemäß Figur 3 in seitlicher Ansicht;

Fig. 6

einen Endabschnitt des Pendelarms mit einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 7-9

Teile der Torsionsausgleichskupplung gemäß Fig. 6, jeweils in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 10

eine dritte Ausführungsform einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung für einen Pendelarm in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 11

eine vierte Ausführungsform einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung für einen Pendelarm in perspektivischer Ansicht;

Fig. 12

die Torsionsausgleichskupplung gemäß Fig. 11 von vorn;

Fig. 13

eine fünfte Ausführungsform eines Pendelarms mit einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung, in perspektivischer Ansicht; und

Fig. 14

eine sechste Ausführungsform eines Pendelarms mit einer Torsionsausgleichskupplung, in perspektivischer Ansicht.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments, each illustrated in the drawings. The figures show, in detail:

Fig. 1

a roller compactor with a pendulum arm for compacting waste materials in a side view;

Fig. 2

a pendulum arm according to the invention with a roller unit in a top view;

Fig. 3

a first embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling in exploded view;

Fig. 4

the mounted torsional compensation coupling according to Figure 3 in perspective view;

Fig. 5

the torsional compensation coupling according to Figure 3 in side view;

Fig. 6

an end section of the pendulum arm with a second embodiment of a torsion compensation coupling in perspective view;

Figs. 7-9

Parts of the torsional compensation coupling according to Fig. 6 , each in perspective view;

Fig. 10

a third embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling for a pendulum arm in perspective view;

Fig. 11

a fourth embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling for a pendulum arm in perspective view;

Fig. 12

the torsional compensation coupling according to Fig. 11 from the front;

Fig. 13

a fifth embodiment of a pendulum arm with a torsional compensation coupling, in perspective view; and

Fig. 14

a sixth embodiment of a pendulum arm with a torsional compensation coupling, in perspective view.

Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a roller compactor 100 for compacting waste materials 203. A container 200 has a front end wall 201 and a rear end wall 202. The line in the container 200 indicates the top of a load of waste materials 203. Behind the rear end wall 202, a tripod 12 of the roller compactor 100 is arranged, which extends with forward-projecting skids to below the bottom of the container 200 to improve support. A support arm 10 is connected to the tripod 12 via a joint 15. At the upper end of the support arm 10, a pendulum arm 20 is connected via another joint 11. No actuators are provided between the support arm 10 and the pendulum arm 20, so that the pendulum arm 20 can pivot freely about the joint 11. At the end of the pendulum arm 20, a gear mounting element is attached, which includes, among other things, bearing elements and a gearbox for a roller unit 30 to drive a roller 31. Furthermore, a lifting cylinder (not shown) is provided between the stand 12 and the support arm 10 as an actuator to raise and lower the support arm 10. As the support arm 10 is raised and lowered, the joint 11 moves along a circular arc path 17.

In Fig. 1 Near the end walls 201 and 202, the end of the pendulum arm 20 with the roller unit 30 is shown again. These are the end positions that the roller unit 30 can reach by moving the support arm 10 relative to the stand 12, thereby moving the axis of the joint 11 along the circular path 17. No contact force is exerted via the support arm 10; that is, the compaction of the waste material 203 in the container 200 occurs solely due to the rotation and mass of the roller unit 30. as well as the sharp-edged web elements attached to the outer shell of the rollers 31 for conveying and crushing the waste materials. The invention relates in particular to the pendulum arm 20 together with the roller unit 30 of the roller compactor 100; in the illustrated embodiment, a torsional compensation coupling 40 is provided between the pendulum arm 20 and the roller unit 30.

The pendulum arm 20 is in Fig. 2 The pendulum arm 20 is shown separately from the other parts of a roller compactor, in a top view of a central axis 36 of the roller unit 30. In this embodiment, the pendulum arm 20 comprises two outer support profiles 22, which connect to a common head element 26. This head element has bearing receptacles 21 for forming the pivot bearing 11. At the other end, a hollow base element 23 is connected via the torsional compensation coupling 40. This base element 23 houses an electric motor 39. On the side facing away from the support profiles 22, the base element 23 has a connecting flange 24 to which the gearbox mounting element 25 for a gearbox 35 is attached.

The pendulum arm 20 according to the invention is connected to a motor unit which, in addition to the electric motor 39, includes a compensating clutch 38, a drive shaft 37 and a Fig. 2 It has a non-visible plug-in coupling for connecting the drive shaft 37 to the gearbox 35.

The roller unit 30 comprises the roller bodies 31, 32, each of which is attached to flanges 33, 34 of an output shaft of the gearbox 35. The two roller bodies 31, 32 together form a cylinder body that is almost continuous in external view, inside of which a part of the gearbox mounting element 25 is accommodated, to which the gearbox 35 is in turn attached.

A first preferred embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling 40, which is in Figure 3 The exploded view shows the assembly comprising two coupling elements 41 and 42. The plate-shaped coupling element 41 The assembly has a rectangular flange plate 41.1, which is rigidly connected to a cylindrical axis 44. A retaining bracket 41.2 is arranged on each side of the flange plate 41.1. The retaining brackets 41.2 serve to attach a support element 43 to which two elastomeric stop elements 45 can be attached. Because the stop elements 45 are attached to the support element 43, which can be easily detached from the coupling element 41 via screws, they are easily replaceable. When both support elements 43 are attached to the retaining brackets 41.2, the stop elements 45 are positioned with their surfaces parallel to each other, with a narrow gap between them.

On a second coupling element 42, projecting, wing-like drive elements 46 are attached above and/or below a bearing receptacle 47 for the cylindrical shaft 44 in a flange plate 42.1. Each drive element 46 is stiffened by a triangular plate 42.2 connected to the flange plate 42.1. Wear-reducing bearing shells 48 are slid onto an end section 44.1 of the shaft 44, which is inserted into the bearing receptacle 47 on the coupling element 42, to form a sliding bearing. The end section 44.1 of the shaft 44 has a groove that, when the torsional compensation coupling 40 is mounted, projects beyond the rear surface of the flange plate 42. To axially secure the two coupling elements 41, 42 to each other, a two-part shaft locking plate 42.3 is provided, which in the assembled state engages in the groove on the end section 44.1 of the shaft 44 and thus provides the axial securing.

Fig. 4 Figure 1 shows the assembled torsional compensation coupling 40 in a perspective view. The end section 44.1 of the shaft, which passes through the coupling element 42, is secured by a retaining ring, so that the coupling elements 41 and 42 can rotate relative to each other but are axially secured. The rotation is limited to a small angle because the drive elements 46 of the coupling element 42 are located close to the The stop elements 45 of the coupling component 41 are located. When a torsional load acts on the pendulum arm, the drive element 46 moves in the space between the paired stop elements 45 and then, at the end of its intended pivoting movement, strikes one of the elastomeric stop elements 45. The free pivoting movement then ends, and a slight elastic deformation of the stop elements 45 is still possible. This small pivoting movement through a small angle is sufficient to reduce high torsional stresses during operation of the pendulum arm.

Figure 5 The torsional compensation coupling 40 is shown in a side view, illustrating its small size in the Fig. 5 The longitudinal direction of the pendulum arm, running from left to right, becomes clear. This also makes retrofitting existing pendulum arms possible, since any change in length caused by inserting the torsional compensation coupling 40 into the pendulum arm is irrelevant for the operation of a roller compactor equipped with this pendulum arm.

In Fig. 6 Figure 1 shows an end section of a pendulum arm 20 according to a further embodiment in a perspective view from the side and front. A torsional compensation coupling 40' according to a second embodiment is mounted between the pendulum arm 20 and the transmission mounting element 25. The torsional compensation coupling 40' comprises two coupling elements, one of which is connected to the transmission mounting element 25 and the other to the pendulum arm 20. One coupling element has an axis 44' which is mounted in a bearing receptacle in the other coupling element such that pivoting by a small angle of a maximum of 10° to each side is possible. The pivoting is limited by the fact that the axis 44' has lateral drive elements 46' and each drive element 46' is positioned in a clearance between two elastomeric stop elements 45'. When the limit of the intended pivoting angle is reached, the drive elements 46' each abut against one of the Stop elements 45'. Tensile forces and bending moments are transmitted through the axis 44' and the bearing between the pendulum arm 20 and the gear mounting element 25. This embodiment also realizes the basic principle of the invention that the coupling elements are still freely rotatable over a small angle in both possible pivot directions and do not strike each other hard at the end of the pivot range, since the coupling elements have stop surfaces on both sides with which they contact an elastomeric stop element and can be supported against each other by means of this.

Figure 7 shows a first coupling component 41' of the torsional compensation coupling 40' made of Figure 6 This includes a rectangular flange 41.1' for connection to either the pendulum arm 20 or the gear mounting element 25. The flange 41.1' has a central bearing receptacle 47' designed as a sliding bearing for receiving the axle 44'. Angle profiles 43' are attached laterally to opposite edges of the flange 41.1', holding cuboid rubber blocks that serve as stop elements 45'. The stop elements 45' are spaced apart from each other, forming a gap 45.1'.

Figure 8 Figure 41 shows the coupling element 41' from the rear. As soon as the axle 44' connected to the other coupling element 42' is inserted into the bearing receptacle 47', a retaining ring 49' is placed on the end of the axle and secured there, so that tensile and compressive forces from the pendulum arm 20 can be transmitted to the roller unit via the torsional compensation coupling 40'.

Figure 9 Figure 1 shows the second coupling element 42' of the torsional compensation coupling 40' from an oblique rear view. This element also has a rectangular flange 42.1' for connection either to the pendulum arm 20 or the gear mounting element 25. An axle 44' is rigidly connected to the flange 42.1'. Drive elements 46' are welded to the outer circumference of the axle 44' on diametrically opposite sides. can be positioned in the spaces 45.1' of the other coupling element 41'.

Figure 10 Figure 1 shows parts of the pendulum arm 20 and the roller unit with a third embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling 50 in a perspective view. A coupling element 51 is connected to the gear mounting element 25 and is designed as a flange-like plate. A recess in the center serves for the routing of signal and power lines. A self-aligning bearing 55 is formed at the upper edge. A guide pin 53 is provided in the lower area. The pendulum arm 20 terminates with a flange-like coupling element 52. This also has a self-aligning bearing 54 at its upper edge. A pivot axis 56 connects the two self-aligning bearings 54 and 55.

In the lower area, i.e., at a considerable distance from the pendulum bearings 54, 55, a circular arc-shaped guide track 58 is formed, into which the guide pin 53 of the coupling element 51 engages. The possible swivel angle is thus positively limited by the guide pin 53 guided in the guide track 59.

In Fig. 11 A fourth embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling 60 is shown in perspective view. Two flange-like coupling elements 61, 62 are provided, which are to be connected to the pendulum arm and the gear mounting element, respectively. They can be pivotally coupled to each other via an axle 64 on coupling element 62 and a bearing bushing 65 on coupling element 61. Tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted from the pendulum arm 20 to the roller unit 30 via this connection. Rotation is limited by a positive fit between the coupling elements 61, 62. To achieve this, both coupling elements 61, 62 have an X-shaped web structure 66, 67. The X-shaped web structure 67 on coupling element 61 is narrower than the X-shaped web structure 66 on coupling element 62. This allows the web structures 66, 67 to interlock. The webs are pivoted against each other until the web structure 66 laterally abuts the webs in the web structure 67. To dampen the impact, at least one of the web structures 66, 67 is provided with stop elements 63 at the contact points. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 11 These stop elements 63 are attached laterally on the outside of the web structure 67 on the coupling element 61.

Fig. 12 The coupling element 62 with the web structure 66 and the central axis 64 is shown from the front.

In Fig. 13 A fifth embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling 70 is shown in perspective view. It features two flange-like coupling elements 71 and 72, each with a bearing bushing 77 and an axle 75, respectively, at its center. The central axle 75 is inserted into the centrally located bearing bushing 77. This connection, which allows the coupling elements 71 and 72 to pivot relative to each other, enables the transmission of tensile and compressive forces from the pendulum arm 20 to the roller unit 25. An elastomeric stop element 76 is inserted between several corner regions of the rectangular flanges of the coupling elements 71 and 72. The four stop elements 76 pivotally connect the coupling elements 71 and 72 to one another. The swivel angle of the rotation between the coupling element components 71, 72 or the pendulum arm 20 and the roller unit 25 is again positively limited by guide pins 73 on the coupling element 71 engaging in guide cams 74 on the coupling element 72.

The in Fig. 14 The sixth embodiment of a torsional compensation coupling 90, shown in perspective view, comprises two annular coupling elements 91, 92. These are connected to each other via a ball bearing slewing ring 93, so that the roller unit 30 can pivot relative to the pendulum arm 20. The pivoting movement is limited by axially projecting drive elements 95 on coupling element 91, each positioned between a pair of stop elements 94 on coupling element 92. intervene. The stop elements 94 and/or the drive elements 95 are preferably covered with rubber elements on their mutual contact surfaces.

Reference symbol:

100

Roller compactor

10

support arm

11

joint

15

joint

12

tripod

17

circular arc path

20

pendulum arm

21

Storage recordings

22

Support profiles

23

Foot element

24

Connecting flange

25

Gearbox mounting element

26

Head element

30

Roller unit

31, 32

Roller body

33, 34

flanges

35

transmission

36

central axis

37

drive shaft

38

Compensating clutch

39

electric motor

40

Torsional compensation coupling

41, 42

Coupling components

41.1

Flange plate

41.2

Mounting bracket

42.1

Flange plate

42.2

triangular plate

42.3

Shaft locking plate

43

Support element

44

axis

44.1

End section with groove

45

Stop elements

46

drive elements

47

Bearing bushing

48

Bearing shells

40'

Torsional compensation coupling

41', 42'

Coupling components

41.1'

Flange plate

43'

Angle profiles

44'

axis

45'

Stop elements

45.1'

space

46'

drive elements

47'

Bearing bushing

49'

retaining ring

50

Torsional compensation coupling

51, 52

Coupling components

53

guide pen

54, 55

pendulum bearing

56

Pendulum axis

58

leadership backdrop

60

Torsional compensation coupling

61.62

Coupling components

63

Stop elements

64

axis

65

Bearing bushing

66.67

Bridge structures

70

Torsional compensation coupling

71, 72

Coupling components

73

Guide pens

74

Leadership backdrop

75

axis

76

Stop elements

77

Bearing bushing

90

Torsional compensation coupling

91, 92

Ring-shaped coupling components

93

Spherical slewing ring

94

drive elements

95

Stop elements

200

container

201

front bulkhead

202

rear end wall

203

Waste materials

Claims (13)

1. Pendulum arm (20) for a roller compactor (100) for compacting waste materials (203),

   at least comprising:

   - a pivot joint (11), arranged on an upper end, for linking in a freely pivotable manner the pendulum arm (20) to a support arm (10) of the roller compactor (100);

   - a gearbox holder element (25) on a lower end of the pendulum arm (20);

   - a roller unit (30) which is mounted on the gearbox holder element (25) and which has at least two rotatable roller members (31, 32) which are arranged on both sides of the gearbox holder element (25),

   characterized

   - in that at the end of the pendulum arm (20) and/or within the pendulum arm (20) there is arranged at least one torsion compensating coupling (40; 40', 50; 60; 70; 90) which comprises at least two coupling part elements (41, 42; 41'; 42', 51, 52; 61, 62; 71, 72; 91, 92) which can be coupled to one another and which are pivotable with respect to one another about a compensating axis, and

   - in that the coupling part elements (41, 42; 41'; 42', 51, 52; 61, 62; 71, 72; 91, 92) have stop surfaces which act in both possible pivoting directions about the compensating axis and via which they can be supported with respect to one another, and

   - in that in each case at least one elastomeric stop element (45, 45'; 55; 65; 75; 95) acts between mutually contacting stop surfaces of the coupling part elements (41, 42; 41'; 42', 51, 52; 61, 62; 71, 72; 91, 92).
2. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least one elastomeric stop element (45, 45'; 55; 65; 75; 95) is firmly connected to one of the two stop surfaces supported with respect to one another.
3. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the torsion compensating coupling (40) at least comprises:

   - a first coupling part element (41) having a flange plate (41.1) and a central axle (44) on which at least two elastomeric stop elements (45) are mounted spaced apart from one another;

   - a second coupling part element (42) having a flange plate (42.1) on which at least one radially projecting driver element (46) is mounted and which has a bearing bushing (47) for receiving the axle (44),

   wherein the axle (44) of one coupling part element (42) is pivotably guided in the bearing bushing (47) of the other coupling part element (41) and wherein the driver element (46) of one coupling part element (42) is arranged between the elastomeric stop elements (45) of the other coupling part element (41).
4. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the torsion compensating coupling (40') at least comprises:

   - a first coupling part element (41') having a flange plate (41.1') and a central axle (44') on which at least one radially projecting driver element (46') is mounted,

   - a second coupling part element (42') having a flange plate (42.1') on which at least two elastomeric stop elements (45') are mounted spaced apart from one another and which has a bearing bushing (47') for receiving the axle (44'),

   wherein the axle (44') of one coupling part element (42') is pivotably guided in the bearing bushing (47') of the other coupling part element (41) and wherein the driver element (46') of one coupling part element (42') is arranged between the elastomeric stop elements (45') of the other coupling part element (41').
5. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized

   - in that the torsion compensating coupling (50) comprises coupling part elements (51, 52) in which a pendulum bearing (54; 55) with a common axle (56) is formed in each case in the upper or lower circumferential edge region, and

   - in that, in a position spaced apart from the pendulum bearing (54; 55), a guide pin (53) is provided on at least one coupling part element (51) and at least one circular arc-shaped guide slot (58) is formed on the respective other coupling part element (52), in which guide slot the guide pin (53) is guided in a form-fitting manner.
6. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized

   - in that the torsion compensating coupling (60) comprises flange-like coupling part elements (61, 62) which are pivotably coupled to one another via a bearing bushing (65) on one coupling part element (61) and via an axle (64) engaging therein on the other coupling part element (62),

   - in that both coupling part elements (61, 62) each have an X-shaped web structure (66, 67) on their mutually facing sides, wherein the X-shaped web structure (67) of one coupling part element (61) is narrower than the X-shaped web structure (66) on the other coupling part element (62), wherein the web structures (66, 67) engage in one another and are pivotable with respect to one another until the webs of the web structure (66) bear laterally against the web structure (67), and

   - in that elastomeric stop elements (63) on the coupling part elements (61, 62) are mounted at the points of contact between the web structures (66, 67).
7. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized

   - in that the torsion compensating coupling (70) comprises flange-like coupling part elements (71, 72) which are pivotably coupled to one another via a bearing bushing (75) on one coupling part element (71) and via an axle (74) engaging therein on the other coupling part element (72),

   - in that in each case a stop element 76 is inserted between a plurality of corner regions of the rectangular flanges of the coupling part elements 71, 72, by means of which stop element the coupling part elements 71, 72 are connected to one another in an articulated manner,

   - in that the pivot angle between the coupling part elements (71, 72) is limited in a form-fitting manner by guide pins (73) on one coupling part element (71) which engage in guide slots (74) on the other coupling part element (72).
8. Pendulum arm (20) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the torsion compensating coupling (90) is formed with two annular coupling part elements (91, 92) and a ball-type rotary ring (93) inserted therebetween, wherein the pivoting movement between the coupling part elements (91, 92) is limited by at least one axially projecting driver element (95) on a coupling part element (91) which engages between a pair of stop elements (94) on the other coupling part element (92).
9. Pendulum arm (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a proximity sensor or switch is mounted on at least one coupling part element (41, 42; 41'; 42', 51, 52; 61, 62; 71, 72; 91, 92).
10. Pendulum arm (20) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coupling part elements (41, 42; 41'; 42', 51, 52; 61, 62; 71, 72; 91, 92) are pivotable with respect to one another about a compensating axis extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the pendulum arm (20).
11. Roller compactor (100) for compacting waste materials (30), at least comprising:

    - a positionally fixed stand unit (12);

    - a support arm (10) which is connected to the stand unit (12) via a joint (15) and at least one actuator element, and

    - a pendulum arm (20) having a roller unit (30) and a torsion compensating coupling (40; 40', 50; 60; 70; 90) according to one of the preceding claims, which is connected to the support arm (10) via the pivot joint (11).
12. Roller compactor (100) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the torsion compensating coupling (40; 40', 50; 60; 70; 90) is arranged between the gearbox holder element (25) and the pendulum arm (20).
13. Roller compactor (100) according to Claim 11, characterized in that the torsion compensating coupling (40; 40', 50; 60; 70; 90) is arranged between the joint (15) and the pendulum arm (20).