EP4448155B1 - Paddle mixing device and method for cleaning same - Google Patents
Paddle mixing device and method for cleaning sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP4448155B1 EP4448155B1 EP24705694.8A EP24705694A EP4448155B1 EP 4448155 B1 EP4448155 B1 EP 4448155B1 EP 24705694 A EP24705694 A EP 24705694A EP 4448155 B1 EP4448155 B1 EP 4448155B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- unit
- mixing
- shaft
- feed screw
- mixing device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
- B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
- B01F33/821—Combinations of dissimilar mixers with consecutive receptacles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/10—Maintenance of mixers
- B01F35/145—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means
- B01F35/1452—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means using fluids
- B01F35/1453—Washing or cleaning mixers not provided for in other groups in this subclass; Inhibiting build-up of material on machine parts using other means using fluids by means of jets of fluid, e.g. air
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a paddle mixing device, in particular a preconditioner, for an extruder for producing a food or animal feed.
- Extruders are machines in which materials such as polymers, elastomers, or protein-containing mixtures can be processed under desired pressure and temperature conditions for the production of food products, including cereals, snacks, pet food, and alternative foods.
- a typical extruder comprises at least one extruder screw, each of which has a set of extruder screw elements mounted on a support shaft.
- the extruder screw shafts are housed in a cylinder called a barrel.
- An extruder typically comprises several barrels connected end-to-end. Multiple barrels are required to perform the various processes performed in the extruder, such as conveying, kneading, mixing, devolatilization, dosing, and the like.
- Preconditioners are often used in combination with extruders or other equipment for the preparation and mixing of food and feed products. For example, one or more flours or a concentrate/isolate are treated with water/steam and/or other additives for subsequent extrusion. In the preconditioner, the materials to be treated are first mixed with water and then treated with steam before entering the extruder.
- a suitable preconditioner is, for example, from the DE 197 43 470 A1
- This preconditioner includes a A mixing unit and a dwell unit, with the mixing unit located above the dwell unit. Both units contain at least one shaft with attached paddles to convey material through the corresponding unit. By separating the mixing unit from the dwell unit, optimal, intensive mixing of the material can be achieved at high shaft rotation speeds, while also allowing the material to remain in the dwell unit under gentle conditions at a slow shaft rotation speed.
- a screw conveyor may be provided to transport the material from the material outlet of the dwell unit to the material inlet of the extruder.
- the mixing unit and the dwell unit are equipped with doors on both sides that can be folded up, thus making the interior of both units accessible for cleaning purposes. This is still not optimal.
- a dosing and mixing device according to the preamble of claim 1 is described.
- a pivoting door is arranged along the central axis of the mixing container, which can be opened for cleaning purposes.
- the present invention relates to a paddle mixing device, in particular a preconditioner, comprising a cylindrical mixing unit with a shaft arranged in the mixing unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the mixing unit has a base area, characterized in that closable openings are provided in the base area for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit.
- the present invention is based on the idea of providing openings in the base area of a cylindrical unit of a paddle mixing device through which a cleaning device can be introduced into the interior of the unit in order to clean it.
- the paddle mixing device comprises a cylindrical mixing unit.
- Such mixing units are known and comprise a material inlet through which material can be introduced into the mixing unit.
- the material inlet is usually arranged such that material can be introduced into the mixing unit by means of gravity.
- a shaft is provided which extends over the entire length of the mixing unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in a rotary motion and transport material in the mixing unit through the mixing unit.
- the mixing unit further comprises one or more additional inlets for introducing a liquid such as water and/or a gas such as water vapor into the mixing unit.
- the cylindrical mixing unit further comprises a base surface facing away from the side on which the drive is located.
- This base surface provides closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit. It would also be conceivable to provide closable openings in the base surface on which the drive is located for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit.
- This is preferably a round opening with a diameter that allows the insertion of a conventional cleaning device such as a spray lance (for example, from Kärcher).
- a conventional cleaning device such as a spray lance (for example, from Kärcher).
- the diameter of the opening is preferably in the range of 10-80 mm, preferably in the range of 10-45 mm, and more preferably 15 to 30 mm.
- the diameter of the opening is preferably selected in relation to the diameter of a spray lance used for cleaning such that the ratio r (d(opening)/d(spray lance) is in the range from 4 to >1, preferably 3 to >1, more preferably 2 to >1, and particularly preferably 1.5 to >1.
- a lance diameter of 16 mm a bore diameter of 17 mm could be selected. In this way, prevents too much cleaning fluid from escaping from the opening during a cleaning process.
- this opening is preferably provided with a fastening device such as a thread to securely close the opening, for example, with a closed screw nut.
- a fastening device such as a thread to securely close the opening, for example, with a closed screw nut.
- the opening should be closed during operation of the mixing unit.
- the opening can preferably be additionally sealed with a plug, optionally in combination with an O-ring seal.
- the plug and O-ring seal are preferably made of an elastic material such as rubber.
- the elements for closing the opening(s) can preferably be installed and removed without tools, for example by using blind plugs.
- the base has 2-8, preferably 2-6, more preferably 3-6, and particularly preferably 4 closable openings for inserting a cleaning device.
- the interior of the mixing unit is divided into four segments, each of which occupies approximately a quarter of the cross-section of the cylindrical mixing unit.
- the cleaning device is inserted successively into four openings assigned to the corresponding segments, with one opening opening into each of these segments.
- the base surface is provided with a The cover is covered. This way, the closable openings located in the base are concealed from the outside and cannot, for example, be accidentally opened during operation.
- the opening(s) are of such a length that, even if the opening in question is not closed, reaching through the opening to a shaft rotating during operation is not possible (ISO 13857). Monitoring of open openings is then unnecessary.
- a cylindrical dwelling unit with a shaft arranged in the dwelling unit is additionally provided with the mixing unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the dwelling unit has a base area, wherein the dwelling unit is preferably arranged below the mixing unit, wherein closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the dwelling unit are provided in the base area of the cylindrical dwelling unit.
- Retention devices are known from conventional preconditioners, as described above.
- a shaft is provided in the retention unit, extending the entire length of the retention unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in rotation and convey material contained in the retention unit through the retention unit.
- the material is conveyed into a separate Transferred to the dwell unit.
- the mixing unit and the dwell unit are preferably arranged one above the other, with the mixing unit above the dwell unit, in order to transfer the material from the mixing unit to the dwell unit by gravity.
- the mixing unit and the dwell unit are particularly preferably connected to each other by a closed line, with this line preferably being arranged at the end of the mixing unit furthest from the material inlet.
- this line preferably being arranged at the end of the mixing unit furthest from the material inlet.
- the dwell unit also has a material outlet. This is preferably located on the underside of the dwell unit so that the material can be transferred by gravity from the dwell unit into a screw conveyor unit or directly into the extruder.
- the residence unit and the screw conveyor unit or extruder are particularly preferably connected to one another by a closed line, wherein this line is preferably arranged at the end of the residence unit which is furthest away from the connecting line to the mixing unit.
- this line is preferably arranged at the end of the residence unit which is furthest away from the connecting line to the mixing unit.
- a cylindrical screw conveyor unit connected to the dwell unit is additionally provided, with a shaft arranged in the screw conveyor unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the screw conveyor unit has a base area, wherein the screw conveyor unit is preferably arranged below the dwell unit, wherein in the base area of the cylindrical screw conveyor unit there are closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the screw conveyor unit.
- Conveyor screw units are familiar from conventional extruders with preconditioners.
- the conveyor screw unit features a shaft that extends the entire length of the conveyor screw unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in rotation, conveying material contained in the conveyor screw unit through the conveyor screw unit.
- the screw conveyor unit further comprises a material outlet. This is preferably arranged on the underside of the screw conveyor unit so that the material can be Gravity can be transferred from the screw conveyor unit into the extruder.
- the conveyor screw unit and the extruder are particularly preferably connected to one another by a closed line, this line preferably being arranged at the end of the conveyor screw unit which is furthest away from the connecting line to the residence unit.
- a bypass is preferably arranged on the conveyor screw unit, which bypass can be opened and closed with a flange plate arranged coaxially to the shaft provided in the conveyor screw unit.
- a bypass is well known.
- a bypass is used to initially direct product out of the device via a bypass outlet when the device is started up, rather than into the product stream. This allows material that is formed during device start-up but does not yet meet the product specifications to be removed from the device to prevent contamination.
- bypass is arranged on the screw conveyor unit, the preconditioning of the product can continue even in the event of a malfunction of the downstream extruder; the preconditioned product is then fed into a container through the bypass outlet.
- bypass outlet In a conventional bypass, the bypass outlet is closed with a slide plate, which can preferably be moved horizontally back and forth pneumatically.
- the slide and the bypass outlet are usually located below the material inlet.
- Due to the cylindrical The shape of the screw conveyor unit and the necessarily curved shape of the slide plate create dead spaces in which large amounts of material can remain. This is undesirable for product safety reasons. Cleaning and sealing this bypass is also difficult.
- the bypass is opened and closed by a flange plate arranged coaxially with the shaft provided in the screw conveyor unit.
- the bypass is opened and closed by moving a flange plate from a first position in the screw conveyor unit to a second position in the screw conveyor unit.
- the flange plate In the first position, the flange plate is located between the material inlet and the bypass outlet, separating the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two separate sections. One section contains the bypass outlet, and the other contains the material inlet and the remaining interior of the screw conveyor unit. Product introduced through the material inlet cannot enter the bypass outlet because the flange plate separates the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two separate sections that are not fluidically connected.
- the flange plate divides the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two other separate sections, with the bypass outlet and the material inlet located at least partially in one section. Product introduced through the material inlet can now flow into the bypass outlet.
- the flange plate can be moved from the first to the second position by conventional means.
- the flange plate is moved by one or more pneumatic cylinders.
- This flange plate which is arranged coaxially to the screw conveyor shaft, prevents dead spaces.
- the flange plate can be provided with seals such as O-rings made of an elastic material such as rubber.
- the bypass with flange plate according to the invention can generally be used for any paddle mixing device, in particular any preconditioner, or any extruder, and is not limited to the present device.
- the paddle mixing device according to the invention in particular preconditioner, can be arranged on any conventional extruder.
- the present invention thus also relates to an extruder comprising a paddle mixing device according to the invention as described above, in particular a preconditioner.
- Extruders are well known.
- Such extruders preferably have an L/D ratio (total length to screw diameter) in the range of 12 to 60, preferably 20 to 40.
- the extruders are preferably operated at 100 to 1000 rpm, more preferably at 200 to 600 rpm, and most preferably at 250 to 350 rpm.
- the extruder according to the invention comprises a motor with a gearbox to drive the extruder screws.
- the support shaft of each extruder screw is operatively connected to the gearbox. This can be done in a conventional manner.
- the extruder according to the invention further comprises an extruder barrel with a process zone located within the barrel and an inlet and outlet.
- the extruder barrel preferably comprises 2 to 20 barrels, more preferably 2 to 15 barrels.
- the barrels are preferably connected to one another at the end faces and together form the extruder barrel.
- the extruder barrel (or each of the barrels comprising the extruder barrel) has a through-bore. This through-bore runs axially through the entire length of the extruder barrel. The extruder's processing zone is located within this through-bore.
- the extruder housing is preferably temperature-controlled.
- the material to be extruded is kneaded under pressure (usually 1 to 400 bar, preferably 1 to 200 bar) to form a homogeneous mixture. This usually involves a Energy consumption of 10 to 150 Wh/kg, preferably 10 to 120 Wh/kg, particularly preferably 15 to 30 Wh/kg.
- the extruder inlet is used to introduce raw materials into a first section of the extruder. This inlet opens into the process zone.
- the inlet is usually and preferably located on the extruder barrel, allowing material to enter the extruder barrel, or more precisely, the process zone, under the influence of gravity.
- the inlet of the extruder is connected to the preconditioner described above, either to the material outlet of the residence unit or to the material outlet of the screw conveyor unit (if present).
- the material to be extruded can be fed directly into the process zone through the inlet.
- a metering device is preferably located above the inlet, with which the material to be extruded is metered and, if necessary, mixed before it is fed through the inlet.
- the material to be extruded can preferably be pretreated in a conventional preconditioner and fed from there to the inlet, for example, by means of a conventional screw conveyor.
- the extruder typically also has a water, oil and possibly a steam supply line.
- a cooling tool such as a cooling nozzle
- a cooling tool can be provided at the extruder outlet. Cooling tools for extruders are well known.
- a known distribution unit can preferably be arranged between the extruder and the cooling tool.
- the method can be carried out (and is preferably carried out) with any closable opening arranged on the unit.
- the mixing unit, dwell unit, and conveyor screw unit of the paddle mixing device according to the invention can be cleaned simultaneously or sequentially, in particular through all openings arranged thereon.
- a shaft located in the unit to be cleaned must be moved into a position that does not obstruct the insertion of the cleaning device into the unit to be cleaned. If necessary, the shaft can be moved using the unit's motor or manually, for example, using a tool that can be inserted into a hole in the shaft. such as a screwdriver, into the desired position.
- the cleaning device preferably feeds a liquid into the unit to be cleaned, which liquid is at a pressure exceeding normal pressure.
- this liquid is pressurized water.
- a closable opening on one of the units is opened.
- the opening is closed with a closed screw nut (nut) or knurled nut, which is loosened from a thread to open the opening (manually or using known tools). If there is a plug in the opening, this must also be removed.
- the cleaning device for example, a commercially available cleaning lance, is inserted into the opening.
- the cleaning device has a tube whose length corresponds to the axial extent of the unit to be cleaned. With such a cleaning device, the corresponding unit can be cleaned across its entire axial extent.
- FIG. 1 A schematic view of an embodiment of an extruder 7 according to the invention with a paddle mixing device 1 is shown. The product flow through the device is indicated by black arrows.
- the paddle mixing device 1 comprises a cylindrical mixing unit 2 with a material inlet arranged on the mixing unit 2.
- the base area 2b ( Fig. 2 ) of the mixing unit 2 is covered with a cover 2a.
- a (not shown) shaft with paddles which can be set into a rotary movement by means of a (not shown) drive.
- a cylindrical retention unit 3 is arranged, which is connected to the mixing unit 2 via a line.
- This line is arranged at the end of the mixing unit 2 remote from the material inlet, so that material flows through the entire length of the mixing unit 2 before it passes through this line into the retention unit 3 by gravity.
- the base area 3b ( Fig. 2 ) of the dwell unit 3 is covered with a cover 3a.
- a shaft (not shown) with paddles is arranged in the dwell unit 3, which can be set in a rotary motion by means of a drive (not shown).
- a cylindrical screw conveyor unit 4 is arranged, which is connected to the dwell unit 3 via a material outlet 5.
- This material outlet 5 is arranged at the end of the dwell unit 3 remote from the line from the mixing unit 2, so that material flows through the entire length of the dwell unit 3 before it reaches the screw conveyor unit 4 through this line by means of gravity.
- the base area 4b ( Fig. 2 ) of the screw conveyor unit 4 is covered with a cover 4a.
- a (in Fig. 4a and 4b shown) shaft 4f with paddles 4g, which are arranged by means of a (in Fig. 4a and 4b shown) drive 11 can be set into a rotary movement.
- a bypass 6 is arranged, which comprises a bypass outlet 6a.
- a preferred embodiment of this Bypasses 6 will be described below with reference to Fig. 4a and 4b described.
- the screw conveyor unit 4 is fluidically connected to an inlet of the extruder 7, so that material from the screw conveyor unit 4 can reach the process zone 9 of the extruder 7.
- a screw conveyor 9a is arranged, which can be set in a rotary motion by means of the drive 8 of the extruder 7 in order to convey material through the process zone 9. Further details of the extruder 7 are known and in Fig. 1 not shown.
- each of the openings 2c, 3c, 4c provides access to an area of the unit 2, 3, 4. This area corresponds to a quarter of the cross-sectional area of the unit 2, 3, 4. If a cleaning device (not shown) is inserted successively into each of the openings 2c, 3c, 4c, the unit 2, 3, 4 can be completely cleaned.
- the openings 2c, 3c, 4c protrude from the base surface 2b, 3b, 4b and have a fastening element such as a thread in this protruding section.
- a fastening element such as a thread in this protruding section.
- This thread For example, a screw nut 2d, 3d, 4d can be applied, as in Fig. 3 described.
- FIG. 3 A schematic view of an embodiment of a unit 2, 3, 4 according to the invention with a closed opening 2c, 3c, 4c is shown.
- the explanations apply equally to a mixing unit 2, a dwell unit 3, and a screw conveyor unit 4 and all openings 2c, 3c, 4c arranged thereon.
- Fig. 4a a schematic view of an embodiment of a bypass 6 according to the invention is shown in the closed state.
- a shaft 4f with paddles 4g located thereon is rotatably arranged in the screw conveyor unit 4.
- the Fig. 4a The shaft 4f with paddles 4g shown corresponds analogously to the shafts with paddles arranged in the mixing unit 2 and the dwell unit 3.
- the shaft 4f can be set into a rotary movement by means of a drive 11.
- a bypass 6 is arranged between the drive 11 and the material outlet 5.
- the bypass 6 includes a bypass outlet 6a through which material can be discharged from the screw conveyor unit 4 as needed without reaching the extruder 7.
- the bypass 6 further comprises a flange plate 10, which is arranged coaxially to the shaft 4f in the screw conveyor unit 4 and by means of (in Fig. 4a and 4b two) pneumatic cylinders can be moved to the left and back again according to the dashed double arrow.
- Fig. 4a The flange plate 10 is in a position blocking access to the bypass outlet 6a.
- the shaft 4f is driven forward in the direction (shown by the dotted arrow) toward the extruder 7. Material entering the screw conveyor unit 4 through the material outlet 5 is conveyed toward the extruder 7 according to the thick arrows.
- Fig. 4b The flange plate 10 is in a position that allows access to the bypass outlet 6a.
- the flange plate 10 has been Fig. 4a moved to the left by means of the pneumatic cylinders 12.
- the shaft 4f is driven backward in the direction (indicated by the dotted arrow) toward the bypass outlet 6a. Material entering the screw conveyor unit 4 through the material outlet 5 is conveyed toward the bypass outlet 6a according to the thick arrows.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Paddelmischvorrichtung, insbesondere einen Vorkonditionierer, für einen Extruder zur Herstellung eines Nahrungsmittels oder Tierfutters.The present invention relates to a paddle mixing device, in particular a preconditioner, for an extruder for producing a food or animal feed.
Extruder sind Maschinen, in denen Materialien wie Polymere, Elastomere oder proteinhaltige Mischungen für die Herstellung von Lebensmitteln einschliesslich Cerealien, Snacks, Tierfutter und alternativer Nahrungsmittel unter gewünschten Druck- und Temperaturbedingungen behandelt werden können. Ein typischer Extruder umfasst mindestens eine Extruderschneckenwelle, wobei jede der Extruderschneckenwellen einen Satz von Extruderschneckenelementen aufweist, die auf einer Tragwelle montiert sind. Die Extruderschneckenwellen sind in einem Zylinder untergebracht, welcher als Barrel bezeichnet wird. Ein Extruder umfasst üblicherweise mehrere Barrels, die Ende an Ende miteinander verbunden sind. Mehrere Barrels sind erforderlich, um die verschiedenen in dem Extruder durchzuführenden Prozesse wie Fördern, Kneten, Mischen, Entgasen, Dosieren und dergleichen auszuführen.Extruders are machines in which materials such as polymers, elastomers, or protein-containing mixtures can be processed under desired pressure and temperature conditions for the production of food products, including cereals, snacks, pet food, and alternative foods. A typical extruder comprises at least one extruder screw, each of which has a set of extruder screw elements mounted on a support shaft. The extruder screw shafts are housed in a cylinder called a barrel. An extruder typically comprises several barrels connected end-to-end. Multiple barrels are required to perform the various processes performed in the extruder, such as conveying, kneading, mixing, devolatilization, dosing, and the like.
Vorkonditionierer werden häufig in Kombination mit Extrudern oder anderen Apparaten verwendet, und dienen zur Vorbereitung und Vermischung von Nahrungs- und Futtermitteln. Dafür werden beispielsweise ein oder mehrere Mehle oder ein Konzentrat/Isolat mit Wasser/Dampf und/oder sonstigen Additiven für eine anschliessende Extrusion behandelt. Die zu behandelnden Materialien werden im Vorkonditionierer beispielsweise zuerst mit dem Wasser vermischt und mit Dampf behandelt, bevor sie in den Extruder gelangen.Preconditioners are often used in combination with extruders or other equipment for the preparation and mixing of food and feed products. For example, one or more flours or a concentrate/isolate are treated with water/steam and/or other additives for subsequent extrusion. In the preconditioner, the materials to be treated are first mixed with water and then treated with steam before entering the extruder.
Ein geeigneter Vorkonditionierer ist beispielsweise aus der
Nachdem das Material beide Einheiten durchlaufen hat, gelangt es über einen am unteren Ende der Verweileinheit angeordneten Materialauslass in einen Materialeinlass des Extruders. Es kann eine Förderschnecke bereitgestellt sein, um das Material vom Materialauslass der Verweileinheit zum Materialeinlass des Extruders zu befördern.After the material has passed through both units, it enters a material inlet of the extruder via a material outlet located at the lower end of the dwell unit. A screw conveyor may be provided to transport the material from the material outlet of the dwell unit to the material inlet of the extruder.
Bei diesem bekannten Vorkonditionierer sind die Mischeinheit und die Verweileinheit beidseitig mit Türen ausgestattet, welche hochgeklappt werden können und somit den Innenraum der beiden Einheiten für Reinigungszwecke zugänglich machen. Dies ist noch nicht optimal.In this well-known preconditioner, the mixing unit and the dwell unit are equipped with doors on both sides that can be folded up, thus making the interior of both units accessible for cleaning purposes. This is still not optimal.
In der
In der
Es war die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Paddelmischvorrichtung bereitzustellen, welche auf vorteilhafte Weise gereinigt werden kann.It was the object of the present invention to provide a paddle mixing device which can be cleaned in an advantageous manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung gelöst.This object is solved by the present invention.
Im Detail betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung eine Paddelmischvorrichtung, insbesondere einen Vorkonditionierer, umfassend eine zylinderförmige Mischeinheit mit einer in der Mischeinheit angeordneten Welle, wobei die Welle Paddel und die Mischeinheit eine Grundfläche aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Grundfläche verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in die Mischeinheit bereitgestellt sind.In detail, the present invention relates to a paddle mixing device, in particular a preconditioner, comprising a cylindrical mixing unit with a shaft arranged in the mixing unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the mixing unit has a base area, characterized in that closable openings are provided in the base area for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit.
Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf der Idee, in der Grundfläche einer zylindrischen Einheit einer Paddelmischvorrichtung Öffnungen vorzusehen, durch welche eine Reinigungsvorrichtung in das Innere der Einheit eingeführt werden kann, um diese zu reinigen.The present invention is based on the idea of providing openings in the base area of a cylindrical unit of a paddle mixing device through which a cleaning device can be introduced into the interior of the unit in order to clean it.
In einer einfachsten Ausführungsform umfasst die Paddelmischvorrichtung eine zylindrische Mischeinheit. Derartige Mischeinheiten sind bekannt und umfassen einen Materialeinlass, durch welchen Material in die Mischeinheit eingeführt werden kann. Der Materialeinlass ist üblicherweise derart angeordnet, dass Material mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft in die Mischeinheit eingeführt werden kann. In der Mischeinheit ist eine Welle bereitgestellt, welche sich über die gesamte Länge der Mischeinheit erstreckt und auf welcher Paddel angeordnet sind. Mit Hilfe eines Antriebs wie eines Elektromotors kann die Welle in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden und in der Mischeinheit befindliches Material durch die Mischeinheit fördern.In a simplest embodiment, the paddle mixing device comprises a cylindrical mixing unit. Such mixing units are known and comprise a material inlet through which material can be introduced into the mixing unit. The material inlet is usually arranged such that material can be introduced into the mixing unit by means of gravity. In the mixing unit, a shaft is provided which extends over the entire length of the mixing unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in a rotary motion and transport material in the mixing unit through the mixing unit.
Die Mischeinheit weist weiterhin einen oder mehrere zusätzliche Einlässe auf, um eine Flüssigkeit wie Wasser und/oder ein Gas wie Wasserdampf in die Mischeinheit einzuleiten.The mixing unit further comprises one or more additional inlets for introducing a liquid such as water and/or a gas such as water vapor into the mixing unit.
Die zylindrische Mischeinheit weist weiterhin eine Grundfläche auf, welche von der Seite abgewandt ist, an welcher der Antrieb angeordnet ist. In dieser Grundfläche sind verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in die Mischeinheit bereitgestellt. Denkbar wäre auch, in die Grundfläche, an welcher der Antrieb angeordnet ist, verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in die Mischeinheit bereitzustellen.The cylindrical mixing unit further comprises a base surface facing away from the side on which the drive is located. This base surface provides closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit. It would also be conceivable to provide closable openings in the base surface on which the drive is located for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit.
Es handelt sich hierbei vorzugsweise um eine runde Öffnung mit einem Durchmesser, welcher das Einführen einer herkömmlichen Reinigungsvorrichtung wie einer Sprühlanze (zum Beispiel von der Firma Kärcher) ermöglicht. Derartige Reinigungsvorrichtungen sind bekannt und nicht Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung. Vorzugsweise ist der Durchmesser der Öffnung im Bereich von 10-80 mm, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 10-45 mm, bevorzugter, 15 bis 30 mm.This is preferably a round opening with a diameter that allows the insertion of a conventional cleaning device such as a spray lance (for example, from Kärcher). Such cleaning devices are known and not the subject of the present invention. The diameter of the opening is preferably in the range of 10-80 mm, preferably in the range of 10-45 mm, and more preferably 15 to 30 mm.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt wird der Durchmesser der Öffnung im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser einer zur Reinigung eingesetzten Sprühlanze derart gewählt, dass das Verhältnis r (d(Öffnung)/d(Sprühlanze) im Bereich von 4 bis >1, vorzugsweise 3 bis >1, bevorzugter 2 bis >1, und besonders bevorzugt 1,5 bis >1 liegt. So könnte bei einem Lanzendurchmesser von 16 mm ein Bohrungsdurchmesser von 17 mm gewählt werden. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass während eines Reinigungsvorgangs zuviel Reinigungsflüssigkeit aus der Öffnung austritt.According to the invention, the diameter of the opening is preferably selected in relation to the diameter of a spray lance used for cleaning such that the ratio r (d(opening)/d(spray lance) is in the range from 4 to >1, preferably 3 to >1, more preferably 2 to >1, and particularly preferably 1.5 to >1. Thus, with a lance diameter of 16 mm, a bore diameter of 17 mm could be selected. In this way, prevents too much cleaning fluid from escaping from the opening during a cleaning process.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt ist diese Öffnung mit einer Befestigungsvorrichtung wie einem Gewinde versehen, um die Öffnung fest verschliessen zu können, beispielsweise mit einer geschlossenen Schraubenmutter. Während des Betriebs der Mischeinheit sollte die Öffnung verschlossen sein.According to the invention, this opening is preferably provided with a fastening device such as a thread to securely close the opening, for example, with a closed screw nut. The opening should be closed during operation of the mixing unit.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt kann die Öffnung zusätzlich mit einem Pfropfen verschlossen sein, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit einer O-Ring-Dichtung. Vorzugsweise sind Pfropfen und O-Ring-Dichtung aus einem elastischen Material wie Gummi gefertigt.According to the invention, the opening can preferably be additionally sealed with a plug, optionally in combination with an O-ring seal. The plug and O-ring seal are preferably made of an elastic material such as rubber.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt können die Elemente zum Verschliessen der Öffnung(en) werkzeugfrei eingebaut und ausgebaut werden, zum Beispiel durch den Einsatz von Blindstopfen.According to the invention, the elements for closing the opening(s) can preferably be installed and removed without tools, for example by using blind plugs.
Gemäss einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es bevorzugt, dass die Grundfläche mit 2-8, vorzugsweise 2-6, noch bevorzugter 3-6 und besonders bevorzugt 4 verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts aufweist. Bei einer üblichen Konstruktion einer Welle mit Paddeln ist der Innenraum der Mischeinheit in vier Segmente unterteilt, welche jeweils etwa ein Viertel des Querschnitts der zylindrischen Mischeinheit einnehmen. Um die Mischeinheit vollständig beziehungsweise optimal zu reinigen, ist das Reinigungsgerät nacheinander in vier Öffnungen einzuführen, welche den entsprechenden Segmenten zugeordnet sind, wobei sich je eine Öffnung in eines dieser Segmente öffnet.According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred that the base has 2-8, preferably 2-6, more preferably 3-6, and particularly preferably 4 closable openings for inserting a cleaning device. In a conventional design of a shaft with paddles, the interior of the mixing unit is divided into four segments, each of which occupies approximately a quarter of the cross-section of the cylindrical mixing unit. To completely or optimally clean the mixing unit, the cleaning device is inserted successively into four openings assigned to the corresponding segments, with one opening opening into each of these segments.
Gemäss einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es aus Sicherheitsgründen bevorzugt, dass die Grundfläche mit einer Abdeckung bedeckt ist. Auf diese Weise sind die in der Grundfläche angeordneten verschliessbaren Öffnungen nach aussen verdeckt und können beispielsweise nicht versehentlich während des Betriebes geöffnet werden.According to one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred for safety reasons that the base surface is provided with a The cover is covered. This way, the closable openings located in the base are concealed from the outside and cannot, for example, be accidentally opened during operation.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weisen die Öffnung(en) eine derartige Länge auf, dass auch in dem Fall, dass die betreffende Öffnung nicht verschlossen ist, ein Hindurchgreifen durch die Öffnung bis zu einer sich während des Betriebs drehenden Welle nicht möglich ist (ISO 13857). Eine Überwachung geöffneter Öffnungen ist dann nicht erforderlich.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening(s) are of such a length that, even if the opening in question is not closed, reaching through the opening to a shaft rotating during operation is not possible (ISO 13857). Monitoring of open openings is then unnecessary.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist zusätzlich eine mit der Mischeinheit zylinderförmige Verweileinheit mit einer in der Verweileinheit angeordneten Welle bereitgestellt, wobei die Welle Paddel und die Verweileinheit eine Grundfläche aufweist, wobei die Verweileinheit vorzugsweise unterhalb der Mischeinheit angeordnet ist, wobei in der Grundfläche der zylinderförmigen Verweileinheit verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in die Verweileinheit bereitgestellt sind.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cylindrical dwelling unit with a shaft arranged in the dwelling unit is additionally provided with the mixing unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the dwelling unit has a base area, wherein the dwelling unit is preferably arranged below the mixing unit, wherein closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the dwelling unit are provided in the base area of the cylindrical dwelling unit.
Verweileinrichtungen sind aus herkömmlichen Vorkonditionierern bekannt, wie vorstehend beschrieben wurde. In der Verweileinheit ist eine Welle bereitgestellt, welche sich die die gesamte Länge der Verweileinheit erstreckt und auf welcher Paddel angeordnet sind. Mit Hilfe eines Antriebs wie eines Elektromotors kann die Welle in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden und in der Verweileinheit befindliches Material durch die Verweileinheit fördern.Retention devices are known from conventional preconditioners, as described above. A shaft is provided in the retention unit, extending the entire length of the retention unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in rotation and convey material contained in the retention unit through the retention unit.
Bei einem vorstehend beschriebenen Vorkonditionierer wird das Material nach Verlassen der Mischeinheit in eine separate Verweileinheit überführt. Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt sind hierbei Mischeinheit und Verweileinheit übereinander angeordnet, mit der Mischeinheit oberhalb der Verweileinheit, um das Material mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft von der Mischeinheit in die Verweileinheit zu überführen.In a preconditioner as described above, the material is conveyed into a separate Transferred to the dwell unit. According to the invention, the mixing unit and the dwell unit are preferably arranged one above the other, with the mixing unit above the dwell unit, in order to transfer the material from the mixing unit to the dwell unit by gravity.
Erfindungsgemäss besonders bevorzugt sind Mischeinheit und Verweileinheit durch eine geschlossene Leitung miteinander verbunden, wobei diese Leitung vorzugsweise an dem Ende der Mischeinheit angeordnet ist, welche von dem Materialeinlass am weitesten entfernt ist. Auf diese Weise wird das Material zunächst durch die gesamte Länge der Mischeinheit gefördert und dabei verarbeitet, bevor es durch die Leitung in die Verweileinheit überführt wird.According to the invention, the mixing unit and the dwell unit are particularly preferably connected to each other by a closed line, with this line preferably being arranged at the end of the mixing unit furthest from the material inlet. In this way, the material is first conveyed through the entire length of the mixing unit and processed there before being transferred through the line to the dwell unit.
Die vorstehenden Ausführungen zu den Öffnungen der Mischeinheit treffen analog auch auf die Verweileinheit zu, d.h. die Angaben zur Anzahl und Position der Öffnungen, deren Durchmesser, Verschliessbarkeit und Verstopfbarkeit, sowie die Bedeckung der Öffnungen mit einer Abdeckung gelten analog.The above statements regarding the openings of the mixing unit also apply analogously to the retention unit, i.e. the information regarding the number and position of the openings, their diameter, closability and clogability, as well as the covering of the openings with a cover apply analogously.
Die Verweileinheit weist weiterhin einen Materialauslass auf. Dieser ist vorzugsweise auf der Unterseite der Verweileinheit angeordnet, damit das Material mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft von der Verweileinheit in eine Förderschneckeneinheit oder direkt in den Extruder überführt werden kann.The dwell unit also has a material outlet. This is preferably located on the underside of the dwell unit so that the material can be transferred by gravity from the dwell unit into a screw conveyor unit or directly into the extruder.
Erfindungsgemäss besonders bevorzugt sind Verweileinheit und Förderschneckeneinheit oder Extruder durch eine geschlossene Leitung miteinander verbunden, wobei diese Leitung vorzugsweise an dem Ende der Verweileinheit angeordnet ist, welche von der Verbindungsleitung mit der Mischeinheit am weitesten entfernt ist. Auf diese Weise wird das Material zunächst durch die gesamte Länge der Verweileinheit gefördert und dabei verarbeitet, bevor es durch die Leitung in die Förderschneckeneinheit oder den Extruder überführt wird.According to the invention, the residence unit and the screw conveyor unit or extruder are particularly preferably connected to one another by a closed line, wherein this line is preferably arranged at the end of the residence unit which is furthest away from the connecting line to the mixing unit. In this way, the material is first passed through the conveyed along the entire length of the residence unit and processed before being transferred through the line into the screw conveyor unit or the extruder.
Erfindungsgemäss ist zusätzlich eine mit der Verweileinheit verbundene zylinderförmige Förderschneckeneinheit mit einer in der Förderschneckeneinheit angeordneten Welle bereitgestellt, wobei die Welle Paddel und die Förderschneckeneinheit eine Grundfläche aufweist, wobei die Förderschneckeneinheit vorzugsweise unterhalb der Verweileinheit angeordnet ist, wobei in der Grundfläche der zylinderförmigen Förderschneckeneinheit verschliessbare Öffnungen zur Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in die Förderschneckeneinheit sind.According to the invention, a cylindrical screw conveyor unit connected to the dwell unit is additionally provided, with a shaft arranged in the screw conveyor unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the screw conveyor unit has a base area, wherein the screw conveyor unit is preferably arranged below the dwell unit, wherein in the base area of the cylindrical screw conveyor unit there are closable openings for introducing a cleaning device into the screw conveyor unit.
Förderschneckeneinheiten sind aus herkömmlichen Extrudern mit Vorkonditionierern bekannt. In der Förderschneckeneinheit ist eine Welle bereitgestellt, welche sich die die gesamte Länge der Förderschneckeneinheit erstreckt und auf welcher Paddel angeordnet sind. Mit Hilfe eines Antriebs wie eines Elektromotors kann die Welle in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden und in der Förderschneckeneinheit befindliches Material durch die Förderschneckeneinheit fördern.Conveyor screw units are familiar from conventional extruders with preconditioners. The conveyor screw unit features a shaft that extends the entire length of the conveyor screw unit and on which paddles are arranged. With the aid of a drive such as an electric motor, the shaft can be set in rotation, conveying material contained in the conveyor screw unit through the conveyor screw unit.
Die vorstehenden Ausführungen zu den Öffnungen der Mischeinheit treffen analog auch auf die Förderschneckeneinheit zu, d.h. die Angaben zur Anzahl und Position der Öffnungen, deren Verschliessbarkeit und Verstopfbarkeit, sowie die Bedeckung der Öffnungen mit einer Abdeckung gelten analog.The above statements regarding the openings of the mixing unit also apply analogously to the screw conveyor unit, i.e. the information regarding the number and position of the openings, their closability and blockability, as well as the covering of the openings with a cover apply analogously.
Die Förderschneckeneinheit weist weiterhin einen Materialauslass auf. Dieser ist vorzugsweise auf der Unterseite der Förderschneckeneinheit angeordnet, damit das Material mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft von der Förderschneckeneinheit in den Extruder überführt werden kann.The screw conveyor unit further comprises a material outlet. This is preferably arranged on the underside of the screw conveyor unit so that the material can be Gravity can be transferred from the screw conveyor unit into the extruder.
Erfindungsgemäss besonders bevorzugt sind Förderschneckeneinheit und Extruder durch eine geschlossene Leitung miteinander verbunden, wobei diese Leitung vorzugsweise an dem Ende der Förderschneckeneinheit angeordnet ist, welche von der Verbindungsleitung mit der Verweileinheit am weitesten entfernt ist.According to the invention, the conveyor screw unit and the extruder are particularly preferably connected to one another by a closed line, this line preferably being arranged at the end of the conveyor screw unit which is furthest away from the connecting line to the residence unit.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt an der Förderschneckeneinheit ein Bypass angeordnet, welcher mit einer Flanschplatte, die koaxial zur in der Förderschneckeneinheit bereitgestellten Welle angeordnet ist, geöffnet und geschlossen werden kann.According to the invention, a bypass is preferably arranged on the conveyor screw unit, which bypass can be opened and closed with a flange plate arranged coaxially to the shaft provided in the conveyor screw unit.
Ein Bypass ist bekannt. Ein Bypass dient dazu, beim Anfahren der Vorrichtung zunächst Produkt nicht in den Produktstrom zu fördern, sondern aus einem Bypass-Auslass aus der Vorrichtung herauszuleiten. Auf diese Weise kann Material, das beim Anfahren der Vorrichtung gebildet wird, aber noch nicht die Produktspezifikationen erfüllt, aus der Vorrichtung entfernt werden, um Kontaminationen zu vermeiden.A bypass is well known. A bypass is used to initially direct product out of the device via a bypass outlet when the device is started up, rather than into the product stream. This allows material that is formed during device start-up but does not yet meet the product specifications to be removed from the device to prevent contamination.
Ist der Bypass gemäss der vorliegenden Erfindung an der Förderschneckeneinheit angeordnet, kann selbst im Fall einer Störung des nachfolgenden Extruders die Vorkonditionierung des Produkts weiterhin durchgeführt werden; das vorkonditionierte Produkt wird dann durch den Bypass-Auslass in einen Behälter geleitet.If the bypass according to the present invention is arranged on the screw conveyor unit, the preconditioning of the product can continue even in the event of a malfunction of the downstream extruder; the preconditioned product is then fed into a container through the bypass outlet.
Bei einem herkömmlichen Bypass ist der Bypass-Auslass mit einer Schieberplatte verschlossen, der vorzugsweise pneumatisch horizontal hin und her bewegt werden kann. Der Schieber und der Bypass-Auslass sind hierbei üblicherweise unterhalb des Materialeinlasses angeordnet. Es werden aber aufgrund der zylindrischen Form der Förderschneckeneinheit und daher notwendigerweise ebenfalls gekrümmten Form der Schieberplatte Toträume ausgebildet, in welchen Material in grösseren Mengen verweilen kann. Dies ist aus Gründen der Produktsicherheit unerwünscht. Auch ist die Reinigung und Abdichtung dieses Bypasses schwierig.In a conventional bypass, the bypass outlet is closed with a slide plate, which can preferably be moved horizontally back and forth pneumatically. The slide and the bypass outlet are usually located below the material inlet. However, due to the cylindrical The shape of the screw conveyor unit and the necessarily curved shape of the slide plate create dead spaces in which large amounts of material can remain. This is undesirable for product safety reasons. Cleaning and sealing this bypass is also difficult.
Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der Bypass mit einer Flanschplatte, die koaxial zur in der Förderschneckeneinheit bereitgestellten Welle angeordnet ist, geöffnet und geschlossen. Mit anderen Worten erfolgt bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform das Öffnen und Schliessen des Bypasses dadurch, dass eine Flanschplatte von einer ersten Position in der Förderschneckeneinheit in eine zweite Position in der Förderschneckeneinheit bewegt wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bypass is opened and closed by a flange plate arranged coaxially with the shaft provided in the screw conveyor unit. In other words, in this preferred embodiment, the bypass is opened and closed by moving a flange plate from a first position in the screw conveyor unit to a second position in the screw conveyor unit.
In der ersten Position befindet sich die Flanschpatte zwischen dem Materialeinlass und dem Bypass-auslass und trennt den Innenraum der Förderschneckeneinheit in zwei separate Abschnitte, wobei sich in dem einen Abschnitt der Bypass-Auslass und in dem anderen Abschnitt der Materialeinlass und der restliche Innenraum der Förderschneckeneinheit befindet. Durch den Materialeinlass eingeführtes Produkt kann nicht in den Bypass-Auslass gelangen, da die Flanschplatte den Innenraum der Förderschneckeneinheit in zwei separate Abschnitte trennt, die nicht fluidisch miteinander verbunden sind.In the first position, the flange plate is located between the material inlet and the bypass outlet, separating the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two separate sections. One section contains the bypass outlet, and the other contains the material inlet and the remaining interior of the screw conveyor unit. Product introduced through the material inlet cannot enter the bypass outlet because the flange plate separates the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two separate sections that are not fluidically connected.
In der zweiten Position trennt die Flanschpatte den Innenraum der Förderschneckeneinheit in zwei andere separate Abschnitte, wobei sich in dem einen Abschnitt zumindest teilweise der Bypass-Auslass und der Materialeinlass befinden. Durch den Materialeinlass eingeführtes Produkt kann nun in den Bypass-Auslass gelangen.In the second position, the flange plate divides the interior of the screw conveyor unit into two other separate sections, with the bypass outlet and the material inlet located at least partially in one section. Product introduced through the material inlet can now flow into the bypass outlet.
Die Flanschplatte kann durch übliche Bewegungsmittel von der ersten in die zweite Position bewegt werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Flanschplatte mit einem oder mehreren pneumatischen Zylindern bewegt.The flange plate can be moved from the first to the second position by conventional means. Preferably, the flange plate is moved by one or more pneumatic cylinders.
Mit diese koaxial zur Förderschneckenwelle angeordneten Flanschplatte werden Toträume vermieden.This flange plate, which is arranged coaxially to the screw conveyor shaft, prevents dead spaces.
Vorzugsweise kann die Flanschplatte mit Dichtungen wie O-Ringen aus einem elastischen Material wie Gummi versehen sein.Preferably, the flange plate can be provided with seals such as O-rings made of an elastic material such as rubber.
Beim Anfahren der Vorrichtung wird die Flanschplatte axial vom Materialeinlass weg in die vorstehend beschriebene zweite Position verschoben. Die Förderschnecke wird rückwärts betrieben und eingeleitetes Material in den zugänglichen Bypass-Auslass gefördert. Sobald die gewünschten Produktspezifikationen erreicht sind, wird die Flanschplatte zurück in die erste Position bewegt und trennt den Materialeinlass vom Bypass-auslass. Die Förderschnecke wird vorwärts betrieben und Material in den Extruder gefördert.When the device is started up, the flange plate is moved axially away from the material inlet into the second position described above. The screw conveyor rotates backward, and the incoming material is conveyed into the accessible bypass outlet. Once the desired product specifications are reached, the flange plate is moved back to the first position, separating the material inlet from the bypass outlet. The screw conveyor rotates forward, conveying material into the extruder.
Der erfindungsgemässe Bypass mit Flanschplatte ist allgemein für jede Paddelmischvorrichtung, insbesondere jeden Vorkonditionierer, beziehungsweise jeden Extruder einsetzbar und nicht auf die vorliegende Vorrichtung eingeschränkt.The bypass with flange plate according to the invention can generally be used for any paddle mixing device, in particular any preconditioner, or any extruder, and is not limited to the present device.
Die erfindungsgemässe Paddelmischvorrichtung, insbesondere Vorkonditionierer, kann an jedem herkömmlichen Extruder angeordnet werden.The paddle mixing device according to the invention, in particular preconditioner, can be arranged on any conventional extruder.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft somit auch einen Extruder, umfassend eine vorstehend beschriebene erfindungsgemässen Paddelmischvorrichtung, insbesondere Vorkonditionierer.The present invention thus also relates to an extruder comprising a paddle mixing device according to the invention as described above, in particular a preconditioner.
Extruder sind hinlänglich bekannt. Es wird z.B. auf die
Der erfindungsgemässe Extruder umfasst einen Motor mit einem Getriebe, um die Extruderschnecken anzutreiben. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Tragwelle jeder vorhandenen Extruderschnecke operativ mit dem Getriebe verbunden. Dies kann auf herkömmlich bekannte Art erfolgen.The extruder according to the invention comprises a motor with a gearbox to drive the extruder screws. For this purpose, the support shaft of each extruder screw is operatively connected to the gearbox. This can be done in a conventional manner.
Der erfindungsgemässe Extruder umfasst weiterhin ein Extrudergehäuse mit einer im Gehäuse befindlichen Prozesszone und einem Einlass und Auslass. Das Extrudergehäuse umfasst vorzugsweise 2 bis 20 Barrel, bevorzugter 2 bis 15 Barrels. Die Barrel sind vorzugsweise stirnseitig miteinander verbunden und bilden zusammen das Extrudergehäuse.The extruder according to the invention further comprises an extruder barrel with a process zone located within the barrel and an inlet and outlet. The extruder barrel preferably comprises 2 to 20 barrels, more preferably 2 to 15 barrels. The barrels are preferably connected to one another at the end faces and together form the extruder barrel.
Das Extrudergehäuse (beziehungsweise jedes der das Extrudergehäuse bildenden Barrels) weist eine Durchgangsbohrung auf. Die Durchgangsbohrung durchläuft das Extrudergehäuse axial durch dessen gesamte Länge. Innerhalb dieser Durchgangsbohrung befindet sich die Prozesszone des Extruders.The extruder barrel (or each of the barrels comprising the extruder barrel) has a through-bore. This through-bore runs axially through the entire length of the extruder barrel. The extruder's processing zone is located within this through-bore.
Das Gehäuse des Extruders ist vorzugsweise temperaturgesteuert. Das zu extrudierende Material wird unter Druck (üblicherweise 1 bis 400 bar, vorzugsweise 1 bis 200 bar) geknetet, um eine homogene Mischung zu bilden. Dabei wird in der Regel ein Energieaufwand von 10 bis 150 Wh/kg, vorzugsweise 10 bis 120 Wh/kg, besonders bevorzugt 15 bis 30 Wh/kg betrieben.The extruder housing is preferably temperature-controlled. The material to be extruded is kneaded under pressure (usually 1 to 400 bar, preferably 1 to 200 bar) to form a homogeneous mixture. This usually involves a Energy consumption of 10 to 150 Wh/kg, preferably 10 to 120 Wh/kg, particularly preferably 15 to 30 Wh/kg.
Der Einlass des Extruders dient zum Einbringen von Rohstoffen in einen ersten Abschnitt des Extruders. Dieser Einlass mündet in die Prozesszone. Der Einlass befindet sich üblicherweise und bevorzugt auf dem Extrudergehäuse, so dass Material unter Einwirkung der Schwerkraft in das Extrudergehäuse, genauer in der Prozesszone des Extruders, gelangen kann.The extruder inlet is used to introduce raw materials into a first section of the extruder. This inlet opens into the process zone. The inlet is usually and preferably located on the extruder barrel, allowing material to enter the extruder barrel, or more precisely, the process zone, under the influence of gravity.
Erfindungsgemäss ist der Einlass des Extruders mit dem vorstehend beschriebenen Vorkonditionierer verbunden, entweder mit dem Materialauslass der Verweileinheit oder mit dem Materialauslass der Förderschneckeneinheit (wenn vorhanden).According to the invention, the inlet of the extruder is connected to the preconditioner described above, either to the material outlet of the residence unit or to the material outlet of the screw conveyor unit (if present).
Das zu extrudierende Material kann direkt durch den Einlass in die Prozesszone gegeben werden. Vorzugsweise befindet sich oberhalb des Einlasses eine Dosiervorrichtung, mit welcher das zu extrudierende Material dosiert und gegebenenfalls vermischt wird, bevor es durch den Einlass geführt wird. Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt kann das zu extrudierende Material vorgängig in einem herkömmlichen Vorkonditionierer vorbehandelt und von diesem, beispielsweise mittels einer herkömmlichen Förderschnecke, dem Einlass zugeführt werden.The material to be extruded can be fed directly into the process zone through the inlet. A metering device is preferably located above the inlet, with which the material to be extruded is metered and, if necessary, mixed before it is fed through the inlet. According to the invention, the material to be extruded can preferably be pretreated in a conventional preconditioner and fed from there to the inlet, for example, by means of a conventional screw conveyor.
Am dem zum Einlass entfernten Ende der Prozesszone befindet sich ein Auslass, durch welchen das extrudierte Material den Extruder verlässt. Der Auslass ist mit der Prozesszone verbunden.At the end of the process zone farther from the inlet is an outlet through which the extruded material leaves the extruder. The outlet is connected to the process zone.
Der Extruder verfügt typischerweise auch über eine Wasser-, eine Öl- und gegebenenfalls eine Dampfzufuhrleitung.The extruder typically also has a water, oil and possibly a steam supply line.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung kann am Ausgang des Extruders ein Kühlwerkzeug wie eine Kühldüse vorgesehen sein. Kühlwerkzeuge für Extruder sind hinreichend bekannt. Zwischen Extruder und Kühlwerkzeug kann vorzugsweise eine bekannte Verteilereinheit angeordnet sein.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a cooling tool, such as a cooling nozzle, can be provided at the extruder outlet. Cooling tools for extruders are well known. A known distribution unit can preferably be arranged between the extruder and the cooling tool.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Reinigung einer Paddelmischvorrichtung gemäss der vorstehenden Beschreibung, umfassend die Schritte:
- Öffnen einer verschliessbaren Öffnung in einer Grundfläche mindestens einer Einheit ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus der Mischeinheit, der Verweileinheit und der Förderschneckeneinheit;
- Einführen eines Reinigungsgeräts in die geöffnete Öffnung (2c, 3c, 4c);
- Reinigung der mindestens einen Einheit (2, 3, 4) mit dem eingeführten Reinigungsgerät.
- Opening a closable opening in a base area of at least one unit selected from the group consisting of the mixing unit, the dwell unit and the conveyor screw unit;
- Inserting a cleaning device into the opened opening (2c, 3c, 4c);
- Cleaning the at least one unit (2, 3, 4) with the introduced cleaning device.
Das Verfahren ist mit jeder verschliessbaren Öffnung durchführbar (und wird vorzugsweise mit jeder Öffnung durchgeführt), welche an der Einheit angeordnet ist. Beispielsweise können Mischeinheit, Verweileinheit und Förderschneckeneinheit der erfindungsgemässen Paddelmischvorrichtung gleichzeitig oder sequentiell gereinigt werden, insbesondere durch sämtlich daran angeordneten Öffnungen.The method can be carried out (and is preferably carried out) with any closable opening arranged on the unit. For example, the mixing unit, dwell unit, and conveyor screw unit of the paddle mixing device according to the invention can be cleaned simultaneously or sequentially, in particular through all openings arranged thereon.
Gegebenenfalls muss vor Einführung eines Reinigungsgeräts in eine der Öffnungen eine in der zu reinigenden Einheit befindliche Welle in eine Position gebracht werden, in welcher es nicht zu einer Behinderung der Einführung des Reinigungsgeräts in die zu reinigenden Einheit kommt. Im Bedarfsfall kann die Welle mittels des Motors der Einheit oder auch manuell, beispielsweise mit Hilfe eines in eine Bohrung der Welle einführbaren Werkzeugs wie einem Schraubendreher, in die gewünschte Position gebracht werden.If necessary, before inserting a cleaning device into one of the openings, a shaft located in the unit to be cleaned must be moved into a position that does not obstruct the insertion of the cleaning device into the unit to be cleaned. If necessary, the shaft can be moved using the unit's motor or manually, for example, using a tool that can be inserted into a hole in the shaft. such as a screwdriver, into the desired position.
Erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt wird durch das Reinigungsgerät eine Flüssigkeit in die zu reinigende Einheit geleitet, welche unter einem Normaldruck übersteigenden Druck steht. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um unter Druck befindliches Wasser.According to the invention, the cleaning device preferably feeds a liquid into the unit to be cleaned, which liquid is at a pressure exceeding normal pressure. Preferably, this liquid is pressurized water.
Zum Reinigen wird eine verschliessbare Öffnung an einer der Einheiten (Mischeinheit, Verweileinheit, Förderschneckeneinheit) geöffnet. Im Fall einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Öffnung mit einer geschlossenen Schraubenmutter (Nuss) oder Rändelmutter verschlossen, welche zum Öffnen der Öffnung von einem Gewinde gelöst wird (manuell oder mit Hilfe bekannter Werkzeuge). Sollte sich in der Öffnung ein Pfropfen befinden, muss dieser ebenfalls entfernt werden.For cleaning, a closable opening on one of the units (mixing unit, retention unit, screw conveyor unit) is opened. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening is closed with a closed screw nut (nut) or knurled nut, which is loosened from a thread to open the opening (manually or using known tools). If there is a plug in the opening, this must also be removed.
Das Reinigungsgerät, beispielsweise eine kommerzielle erhältliche Reinigungslanze, wird in die Öffnung eingeführt. Es ist erfindungsgemäss bevorzugt, dass das Reinigungsgerät ein Rohr aufweist, dessen Länge der axialen Ausdehnung der zu reinigenden Einheit entspricht. Mit einem derartigen Reinigungsgerät kann die entsprechende Einheit über ihre vollständige axiale Ausdehnung gereinigt werden.The cleaning device, for example, a commercially available cleaning lance, is inserted into the opening. According to the invention, it is preferred that the cleaning device has a tube whose length corresponds to the axial extent of the unit to be cleaned. With such a cleaning device, the corresponding unit can be cleaned across its entire axial extent.
Ist das Reinigungsgerät eingeführt, erfolgt eine an sich bekannte Reinigung durch Einleiten von Reinigungsflüssigkeit.Once the cleaning device has been inserted, a familiar cleaning process is carried out by introducing cleaning fluid.
Der Vorgang wird bei Bedarf mit jeder gewünschten Öffnung wiederholt.The process is repeated with each desired opening if necessary.
Um die in die zu reinigende Einheit geleitete Reinigungsflüssigkeit aus der erfindungsgemässen Paddelmischvorrichtung herauszuführen, wird vorzugsweise der Bypass geöffnet, welcher wie vorstehend beschrieben vorzugsweise an der Förderschneckeneinheit angeordnet ist. Die Reinigungsflüssigkeit kann dann durch den Bypass-Auslass aus der Paddelmischvorrichtung herausgeleitet werden.In order to convey the cleaning liquid from the paddle mixing device according to the invention into the unit to be cleaned To discharge the cleaning fluid, the bypass, which is preferably arranged on the screw conveyor unit as described above, is preferably opened. The cleaning fluid can then be discharged from the paddle mixing device through the bypass outlet.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von nicht einschränkenden Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf Figuren näher beschrieben. In den Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche Elemente. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Extruders mit Paddelmischvorrichtung
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Einheit mit in der Grundfläche befindlichen Öffnungen
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Einheit mit einer verschlossenen Öffnung
- Fig. 4a
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Bypasses im geschlossenen Zustand
- Fig. 4b
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Bypasses im geöffneten Zustand
- Fig. 1
- a schematic view of an embodiment of an extruder according to the invention with paddle mixing device
- Fig. 2
- a schematic view of an embodiment of a unit according to the invention with openings in the base area
- Fig. 3
- a schematic view of an embodiment of a unit according to the invention with a closed opening
- Fig. 4a
- a schematic view of an embodiment of a bypass according to the invention in the closed state
- Fig. 4b
- a schematic view of an embodiment of a bypass according to the invention in the open state
In
Die Paddelmischvorrichtung 1 umfasst eine zylindrische Mischeinheit 2 mit einem auf der Mischeinheit 2 angeordneten Materialeinlass. Die Grundfläche 2b (
Unterhalb der Mischeinheit 2 ist eine zylindrische Verweileinheit 3 angeordnet, welche über eine Leitung mit der Mischeinheit 2 verbunden ist. Diese Leitung ist an dem vom Materialeinlass entfernten Ende der Mischeinheit 2 angeordnet, so dass Material die gesamte Länge der Mischeinheit 2 durchströmt, bevor es durch diese Leitung mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft in die Verweileinheit 3 gelangt. Die Grundfläche 3b (
Unterhalb der Verweileinheit 3 ist eine zylindrische Förderschneckeneinheit 4 angeordnet, welche über einen Materialauslass 5 mit der Verweileinheit 3 verbunden ist. Dieser Materialauslass 5 ist an dem von der Leitung von der Mischeinheit 2 entfernten Ende der Verweileinheit 3 angeordnet, so dass Material die gesamte Länge der Verweileinheit 3 durchströmt, bevor es durch diese Leitung mit Hilfe der Schwerkraft in die Förderschneckeneinheit 4 gelangt. Die Grundfläche 4b (
An dem von der Grundfläche 4b abgewandten Ende der Förderschneckeneinheit 4 ist ein Bypass 6 angeordnet, welcher einen Bypass-Auslass 6a umfasst. Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dieses Bypasses 6 wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf
Die Förderschneckeneinheit 4 ist fluidisch mit einem Einlass des Extruders 7 verbunden, so dass Material aus der Förderschneckeneinheit 4 in die Prozesszone 9 des Extruders 7 gelangen kann. In der (gestrichelt und durchsichtig dargestellten) Prozesszone 9 des Extruders 7 ist eine Förderschnecke 9a angeordnet, welche mit Hilfe des Antriebs 8 des Extruders 7 in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden kann, um Material durch die Prozesszone 9 zu fördern. Weitere Details des Extruders 7 sind bekannt und in
In
In der Grundfläche 2b, 3b, 4b (d.h. der Bodenfläche der zylindrischen Einheit 2, 3, 4) sind in der in
Gemäss der in
In
In der in
In
Durch den Materialauslass 5 gelangt Material in die Förderschneckeneinheit 4. In der Förderschneckeneinheit 4 ist eine Welle 4f mit darauf befindlichen Paddeln 4g drehbar angeordnet. Die in
Die Welle 4f kann mittels eines Antriebs 11 in eine Drehbewegung versetzt werden.The shaft 4f can be set into a rotary movement by means of a drive 11.
Zwischen dem Antrieb 11 und dem Materialauslass 5 ist ein Bypass 6 angeordnet. Der Bypass 6 umfasst einen Bypass-Auslass 6a, durch welchen Material bei Bedarf aus der Förderschneckeneinheit 4 ausgetragen werden kann, ohne zum Extruder 7 zu gelangen.A bypass 6 is arranged between the drive 11 and the material outlet 5. The bypass 6 includes a bypass outlet 6a through which material can be discharged from the screw conveyor unit 4 as needed without reaching the extruder 7.
Der Bypass 6 umfasst weiterhin eine Flanschplatte 10, welche koaxial zur Welle 4f in der Förderschneckeneinheit 4 angeordnet ist und mit Hilfe von (in
In
In
Claims (14)
- Paddle mixing device (1), in particular pre-conditioner, comprising a cylindrical mixing unit (2) with a shaft arranged in the mixing unit, wherein the shaft has paddles and the mixing unit has a base surface (2b),
characterised in that closable openings (2c) are provided in the base surface (2b) for introducing a cleaning device into the mixing unit (2). - Paddle mixing device according to claim 1, characterised in that a cylindrical retention unit (3) connected to the mixing unit (2) and having a shaft arranged in the retention unit is additionally provided, wherein the shaft has paddles and the retention unit (3) has a base surface (3c), wherein the retention unit (3) is preferably arranged below the mixing unit (2), wherein closable openings (3c) are provided in the base surface (3b) of the cylindrical retention unit (3) for introducing a cleaning device into the retention unit (3).
- Paddle mixing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a cylindrical feed screw unit (4) connected to the retention unit (3) is additionally provided with a shaft (4f) arranged in the feed screw unit (4), wherein the shaft (4f) has paddles (4g) and the feed screw unit (4) has a base surface (4b), wherein the feed screw unit (4) is preferably arranged below the retention unit (3), wherein closable openings (4c) are provided in the base surface (4b) of the cylindrical feed screw unit (4) are provided for introducing a cleaning device into the feed screw unit (4).
- Paddle mixing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one unit selected from the group consisting of the mixing unit (2), the retention unit (3) and the feed screw unit (4), a base surface (2b, 3b, 4b) with 2-8, preferably 2-6, more preferably 3-6 and most preferably 4 closable openings (2c, 3c, 4c) for introducing a cleaning device is provided.
- Paddle mixing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the closable openings (2c, 3c, 4c) are closed with a screw nut (2d, 3d, 4d).
- Paddle mixing device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a plug (2e, 3e, 4e) is arranged in the closable openings (2c, 3c, 4c).
- Paddle mixing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a cover (2a, 3a, 4a) is arranged over the closable openings.
- Paddle mixing device according to one of claims 3 to 4, characterised in that a bypass (6) is arranged at the feed screw unit (4), which can be opened and closed by means of a flange plate (10) arranged coaxially with the shaft (4f) provided in the feed screw unit (4).
- Extruder (7), comprising a paddle mixing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8.
- Method for cleaning a paddle mixing device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps:- opening a closable opening (2c, 3c, 4c) in a base surface (2b, 3b, 4b) of at least one unit selected from the group consisting of the mixing unit (2), the retention unit (3) and the feed screw unit (4);- Inserting a cleaning device into the opened opening (2c, 3c, 4c);- cleaning the at least one unit (2, 3, 4) with the inserted cleaning device.
- Method according to claim 10, characterised in that the method can be carried out with each closable opening (2c, 3c, 4c) arranged at the unit (2, 3, 4).
- Method according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that a liquid is fed through the cleaning device into the unit (2, 3, 4) to be cleaned, which liquid is at a pressure exceeding normal pressure.
- Method according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the cleaning device has a pipe whose length corresponds to the axial extension of the unit (2, 3, 4) to be cleaned.
- Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that a bypass (6) arranged at the feed screw unit is opened in order to discharge the liquid fed into the unit (2, 3, 4) to be cleaned from the paddle mixing device (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP23159837 | 2023-03-03 | ||
| PCT/EP2024/054441 WO2024184075A1 (en) | 2023-03-03 | 2024-02-21 | Paddle mixing device and method for the cleaning thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4448155A1 EP4448155A1 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
| EP4448155B1 true EP4448155B1 (en) | 2025-09-10 |
Family
ID=85461726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24705694.8A Active EP4448155B1 (en) | 2023-03-03 | 2024-02-21 | Paddle mixing device and method for cleaning same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4448155B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN120712136A (en) |
| DK (1) | DK4448155T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024184075A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19743470A1 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 1999-04-08 | Buehler Ag | Apparatus for preconditioning a product to be processed in an extruder |
| NL2000633C2 (en) * | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-10 | Pelleting Technology Nederland | Mixing device. |
| PT2706867T (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2018-06-12 | Ojah B V | Method of making structured protein compositions |
| DE102018129148A1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-20 | Gericke Ag | Dosing and mixing system |
-
2024
- 2024-02-21 CN CN202480015782.8A patent/CN120712136A/en active Pending
- 2024-02-21 EP EP24705694.8A patent/EP4448155B1/en active Active
- 2024-02-21 WO PCT/EP2024/054441 patent/WO2024184075A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2024-02-21 DK DK24705694.8T patent/DK4448155T3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120712136A (en) | 2025-09-26 |
| WO2024184075A1 (en) | 2024-09-12 |
| EP4448155A1 (en) | 2024-10-23 |
| DK4448155T3 (en) | 2025-12-08 |
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