EP4335245B1 - Holding device, heater and method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a holding device for a heating element, a heating device with a holding device and a method.

Temperature fluctuations in control cabinets, particularly those between day and night temperatures, cause condensation, which, combined with dust and aggressive gases, can lead to corrosion. This, along with persistently extreme climatic conditions, increases the risk of operational failures due to leakage currents or flashovers. It is therefore necessary to ensure consistently optimal climatic conditions for the proper functioning of the components in the control cabinet. For this purpose, heaters or fan heaters are used, whose reliability and durability are subject to high demands.

Such heaters are equipped, for example, with a mica heater or with electric heating elements based on PTC semiconductor technology. Other heating elements are also possible. The mountings for such heating elements must ensure good heat transfer and secure fixation, while also allowing for easy installation. Frequent temperature changes can lead to material fatigue and thus to a reduction in contact between the heating element and the heat sink, resulting in reduced heat flow. Failure of the contact surface can lead to overheating of the heating element and thus to a failure of the heating function.

An example of such a heater with a PTC heating element is shown in DE 10 2006 018 151 A1 Here, the heating element is arranged in a centrally located recess of a heat exchanger. The heating element lies flat against the inner surfaces of the recess. The heating element is thus The heat exchanger is held in position by using pressing tools to bend the ends of the side walls inward during assembly. This ensures that the inner surfaces fit so tightly against the heating element that the heating element is clamped flat, ensuring heat transfer.

Plastic deformation and the effects of temperature lead to dislocations in the structure. The buckling of the side walls represents a plastic deformation of the material, which, in combination with frequent temperature changes, impairs the holding function. Replacing the heating element is not possible due to the type of assembly, which permanently plastically deforms the side walls.

Out of DE 10 2011 054 752 A1 A holding body for a heating element is known. The known holding body has a shaft with two opposing shaft walls in which a heating element is arranged. The shaft walls are separated by side slots. The holding body further comprises two clamping sections, each arranged laterally on the holding body. The clamping sections are curved and extend essentially in a direction perpendicular to the shaft walls. By pressing the clamping sections together in the direction of the side slots, the distance between the shaft walls for arranging a heating element can be increased and decreased again. The force to open the shaft is applied from the outside.

In the known mounting body, the shaft can thus be easily enlarged to accommodate a heating element. To further improve ease of installation, it is desirable to change the width of the mounting gap, in particular to increase it.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a holding device that enables secure mounting of the heating element in the holding device and simplified assembly. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of providing a heating device with such a holding device and a method for producing such a holding device.

• die Haltevorrichtung durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 1,
• das Heizgerät durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 14,
• das Verfahren durch den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 15 gelöst.

According to the invention, the object is achieved with regard to

• the holding device by the subject matter of claim 1,
• the heater by the subject matter of claim 14,
• the method is solved by the subject matter of claim 15.

Specifically, the object is achieved by a holding device for at least one heating element, in particular for a PTC heating element or a mica heating element, comprising at least two oppositely arranged holding elements, which are spaced from one another by a gap extending along a longitudinal direction of the holding device and adapted to receive at least one heating element, and a heat transfer body with at least two chambers, each forming an inner region through which a gaseous medium can flow, wherein the opposite holding elements are arranged between the two chambers and the gap connects the inner regions of the chambers. According to the invention, at least one tensile profile is arranged on at least one outer surface of the holding elements, which can be subjected to a tensile force in order to enlarge the gap for receiving the at least one heating element, wherein the chambers have chamber walls which form lever arms at least in sections, wherein the lever arms are elastically deformable at least in sections by the tensile force and are connected to the holding elements in such a way that the at least one heating element is subjected to a holding force in the installed state.

When reference is made below to a heating element, this also includes multiple heating elements (at least one heating element).

The invention has the advantage that the chamber walls form lever arms, which, through the leverage effect, apply a strong and constant holding force to the heating element. The magnitude of the holding force is adjusted by the expert through appropriate selection of the gap dimensions and geometries of the lever arms. The tensile profile facilitates the installation of the heating element because the lever arms can be elastically deformed by a tensile force acting on the tensile profile, allowing the gap between the holding elements to be widened. The heating element One or more heating elements can be easily inserted into the gap in this way. When the tensile force is removed and the elastically deformed lever arms are relieved, they return to their resting position. In other words, the holding elements are in a mechanically relaxed state when at rest. Due to the oversize of the heating element compared to the gap width in the force-free resting state, an elastic deformation of the lever arms remains, so that the heating element in the gap is subjected to the desired holding force.

In the assembled state, the heating element is arranged in the gap and clamped or held between the holding elements. In the unassembled state, the gap is open. It is clarified that the invention claims the holding device both in the unassembled state, i.e., without the installed heating element, and in the assembled state, i.e., with the heating element. In the assembled state, the combination of heating element with the holding device according to the invention is also referred to and claimed as a heating device.

Various embodiments of the lever arms are possible, each of which is suitable for applying a holding force to the heating element. The various exemplary embodiments are described in more detail below.

The chambers are mechanically coupled to one another. The lever arms of the two chambers, formed by the chamber walls, are each connected to the holding elements. Since the holding elements are arranged between the chambers, the lever arms engage both sides of the holding elements. The movement of the holding elements required for assembly is made possible by the gap connecting the interior areas of the chambers. In other words, the gap extends from one chamber to the other and is arranged in the connecting area between the two chambers. This allows the holding elements to move transversely relative to one another, so that the gap width is variable. In addition, the arrangement of the gap between the chambers has the advantage that, during operation, good heat transfer occurs from the heating element(s) to the interior areas of the chambers and the medium flowing there. Since the heat transfer body dissipates heat to the environment, it can also be referred to as a heat sink.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the holding device has a constriction in the region of the connection between the two chambers. The constriction has, relative to the cross-section of the holding device, a smaller extent than the largest extent of at least one chamber, in particular both chambers, in the same direction. In other words, the chambers are wider than the region of the holding device in which the chambers are connected to one another. In this embodiment, the gap is arranged in the region of the constriction.

The chambers of the heat transfer body have multiple chamber walls. For example, it is possible for the chambers to each have at least two chamber walls that define the respective interior. The two chamber walls are arranged opposite one another. More than two chamber walls per chamber are possible, with at least some, in particular all, of the chamber walls acting as a lever arm. The shape of the interior corresponds to the inner contour of the chamber walls.

The retaining elements are preferably not directly connected to one another or in contact with one another. Rather, the retaining elements are connected to the chamber walls, which in turn are connected to one another to form the chambers. Thus, the retaining elements are mechanically connected to one another via the chambers, or rather the chamber walls, forming a gap that extends between the retaining elements from one chamber to the other. Since the chamber walls are designed as lever arms and are elastically deformable, the retaining elements can be subjected to a lever force due to their arrangement between the chambers.

Specifically, the holding elements can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the holding device by the tensile force acting on the tensile profile.

In other words, the holding elements can be elastically moved toward and away from each other by an external force. If no external force acts on the holding elements and no heating element is arranged between the holding elements, the holding elements are in a rest position.

The gap is designed to accommodate one or more heating elements. This means that when mounted or assembled, one or more Heating elements are arranged in the gap. The width of the gap is larger with a heating element than without a heating element. In other words, the width of the heating element is larger than the width of the gap when the holding elements are in a rest position.

The chamber walls form lever arms, which, when assembled or in operation, each apply a force to the two holding elements in the direction of the opposing holding element. For this purpose, the chamber walls are preferably each connected directly or indirectly to a holding element. More precisely, when assembled, the chamber walls have a mechanical tension that results in the force applied to the holding elements and the heating element is held. In other words, when installed and a heating element is arranged in the gap, the chamber walls are elastically deformed. The force with which the heating element is held in place in the assembled state can also be referred to as a holding force or a restoring force. The magnitude of the force depends, among other things, on the length of the chamber walls or the lever arms. Other factors that influence the holding force or clamping force are the material of the holding device, the modulus of elasticity, and the geometry of the chamber walls, for example stiffening ribs or material accumulations.

The tensile profile serves as an assembly aid and improves the cooling function of the holding device by enlarging the surface area of the heat transfer body. To position the heating element in the gap, especially to insert it, the width of the gap must be increased. To do this, the chamber walls of the heat transfer body are elastically deformed. The tensile profile serves as an application point for a tool or other device that can apply the necessary tensile force to enlarge the gap.

The holding device according to the invention is advantageous because it allows the installation of a heating element without plastic deformation of the holding device. This means that a heating element can be removed or replaced if necessary. Additionally, the heating element remains under tension during heating, enabling better heat dissipation due to the continuous mechanical contact and the resulting low thermal resistance.

This makes it easier to position the heating element between the holding elements. Furthermore, a greater holding force can be achieved. The lever arms of the heat transfer bodies in particular enable a high holding force and an expanded cooling surface. This ensures close contact between the heating element and the holding device and ensures good heat transfer. The chamber walls also enable a beneficially distributed stress distribution. This beneficially distributed stress distribution prevents local mechanical stress peaks that could otherwise lead to material failure, in particular cracks or fractures, or a reduction in the holding force. The shape is designed to prevent plastic deformation, even locally. The holding device has the function of enabling a constant holding force over an extended period of operation and thus good heat transfer and cooling. This function is supported by the lever arms and preferably by the beneficially distributed stress distribution of the lever arms.

Further embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In a preferred embodiment, the chamber walls of the two chambers each have essentially the same shape; in particular, the chamber walls form lever arms of equal length, and the holding elements are arranged centrally between the chambers in a transverse direction. If the chamber walls have the same shape, a heating element, when installed, is subjected to a uniform holding force from both sides by the lever arms. This enables evenly distributed heat transfer.

In a further preferred embodiment, the chamber walls of the two chambers have different shapes; in particular, the chamber walls form lever arms of different lengths, so that the holding elements are arranged offset from the center in a transverse direction between the chambers. This allows the holding force applied to the heating element in the installed state to be varied. Furthermore, various designs of the heat transfer body are possible. For example, one of the two chambers can have a smaller volume than the other of the two chambers.

Embodiments are possible in which the tension profile is arranged offset in a transverse direction from the center of the outer surface of the retaining element. Alternatively, embodiments are possible in which the tension profile is arranged centrally on the outer surface of the retaining element in a transverse direction. By varying the arrangement of the tension profile, the point of application for the tensile force required to enlarge the gap can be varied. It is also conceivable for multiple tension profiles to be arranged on the retaining elements.

Embodiments are possible in which the chamber walls each have a curved cross-sectional geometry, in particular a circular or oval geometry, at least in sections. The curved, in particular circular or oval, geometry promotes a homogeneous stress distribution in the chamber walls to avoid mechanical stress peaks.

In another particularly preferred embodiment, the holding elements and/or the tensile profile comprise at least one cooling element, in particular a cooling element designed as an extension or rib. This further increases the surface area of the heat transfer body and achieves better heat transfer or cooling of the holding device.

It is particularly advantageous if the tensile profile includes a cooling element to improve its cooling properties. In other words, the tensile profile combines the functions of an assembly aid and a cooling element. To this end, the tensile profile has, at least in sections, an I-shaped, an E-shaped, an L-shaped, and/or a T-shaped geometry in its cross-section. These geometries are particularly advantageous for combining the functions of the tensile profile as an assembly aid and as a cooling element.

In a preferred embodiment, the holding elements each have an inner surface that delimits the gap, with at least one recess extending in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body on at least one inner surface. The recess serves as a receptacle for a frame of the heating element. The frame provides better support for the heating element. In particular, this prevents displacement of the heating element in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body. The frame is made of plastic, for example, and is arranged at least partially around the heating element.

It is advantageous if at least one chamber wall has at least one receptacle for a fastening means on an outer surface. The receptacle can be designed, for example, as a guide and/or a hole for a screw. The fastening means can be, for example, a clip fastening, a rail, or a hook. The fastening means and the receptacle preferably form a detachable fastening. This allows the holding device to be easily arranged in a housing, in particular a control cabinet, and removed or replaced as needed.

It is further advantageous if at least one retaining element comprises a bore extending in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body. The bore is preferably located in the region of the retaining element or the tensile profile. The bore allows material to be saved and the weight of the retaining device to be reduced. Furthermore, the bore can include a thread, for example, for a grounding screw. The bore also increases the surface area of the retaining device. This allows more heat to be dissipated to the environment.

In a further embodiment, the chamber walls each have, at least in sections, a square cross-sectional geometry, in particular a triangular or polygonal geometry. The square geometry of the chamber walls can influence, among other things, the stiffness of the chamber walls.

It is also possible for the chamber walls to have both a curved and an angular geometry in sections. In other words, the curved and angular configurations of the chamber walls and the resulting advantages can be combined.

It is particularly advantageous if the holding device has at least one plane of symmetry extending in the longitudinal direction of the holding device. This makes it possible for the holding elements to be subjected to a uniform force by the chamber walls. Alternatively, it is possible for the holding device to have two planes of symmetry, each extending in the longitudinal direction of the holding device and arranged orthogonally to one another. In other words, the holding device can have two axes of symmetry in cross-section.

In one embodiment, at least one of the chamber walls has external cooling elements, in particular external cooling elements designed as extensions or ribs, which are arranged on an outer surface of the chamber wall.

In a further embodiment, at least one of the chamber walls has internal cooling elements, in particular internal cooling elements designed as extensions or ribs, which are arranged on an inner surface of the chamber wall.

The inner and outer cooling elements preferably extend over the entire length of the holding device. The inner and outer cooling elements increase the surface area of the heat transfer body, thus improving its ability to dissipate heat to the environment. Multiple cooling elements can be arranged on a chamber wall. The cooling elements can have different shapes.

In another embodiment, the chamber walls have sections of varying material thickness. Material thickness refers to the thickness of the material of the chamber wall. In particular, the material thickness is greater in the area closest to the retaining element than in the area farther from the retaining element. This design promotes the rigidity or elastic deformability of the chamber walls and the mechanical stress distribution.

To facilitate simple production, the retaining elements and the heat transfer body are constructed as a single piece, specifically a monolithic structure. Furthermore, this design eliminates any joints or connections that could cause fractures.

Preferably, the holding device is adapted so that several sequentially arranged heating elements are arranged between the holding elements and each is subjected to a holding force. This means that several heating elements can be arranged in the gap.

In one embodiment, the holding device has a notch that extends orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the holding device in order to be able to clamp various sequentially arranged heating elements individually. This means that tolerances are compensated for individually for each separate heating element by the individual clamping sections and thus an ideal tension is applied. In other words, manufacturing tolerances of the heating elements can be compensated for so that all heating elements are subjected to the same holding force. The notch divides the heat transfer body into individual sections or segments so that individual gap widths can be set for each section. The individual areas or segments each form a separate holding area for a single heating element. If several heating elements are arranged in series, a notch is formed between each two heating elements so that heating elements with different manufacturing tolerances and therefore different heights are still held with the same holding force.

The cut is preferably made with a circular saw. Other cutting tools, such as a band saw, are also possible. Using a circular saw creates low local stresses, while retaining the clamping force and elastic deformability. When making the cut with a circular saw, the circular saw is placed centrally on the holding device, orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. This creates an arcuate cut with its deepest extension in the area of the gap. The cutting depth decreases towards the outside.

The holding device can thus, for example, consist of one or more individual holding segments and is preferably made in one piece with the at least four lever arms and/or the corresponding multiples of the holding segments.

To improve heat transfer to the environment, the holding device has a profile on the outer surface of the heat transfer body, at least in sections. The profile is preferably designed as grooves or ribs. Other shapes are possible.

A secondary aspect of the invention relates to a heating device with a holding device and at least one heating element, in particular a PTC heating element or a mica heating element, wherein the heating element is arranged between the holding elements.

A further subordinate aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a heating device, in which a holding device according to one of the embodiments described above is produced or provided, wherein the opposite holding elements are moved away from each other by applying an external force in opposite directions, so that the width of the gap increases, at least one heating element is arranged in the gap and then the external force is removed, so that the width of the gap decreases and the heating element is subjected to a force and held by the lever arms.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 3;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 7;

Fig. 9

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 10

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung;

Fig. 12

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 11;

Fig. 13

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Heizelement ohne Rahmen;

Fig. 14

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Heizelement mit Rahmen;

Fig. 15

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Halteeinrichtung;

Fig. 16

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 15;

Fig. 17

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Halteeinrichtung;

Fig. 18

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 17;

Fig. 19

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Halteeinrichtung;

Fig. 20

einen Querschnitt der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 19, die zwei Zustände darstellt;

Fig. 21

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung mit Einschnitt;

Fig. 22

einen Querschnitt eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Haltevorrichtung mit Einschnitt

Fig. 23

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der Haltevorrichtung gemäß Fig. 22;

Fig. 24

eine Seitenansicht miteinander verbundener PTC-Heizelemente;

Fig. 25

eine Draufsicht miteinander verbundener PTC-Heizelemente gemäß Fig. 24.

Showing:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of an embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 4

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 3 ;

Fig. 5

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 6

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 8

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 7 ;

Fig. 9

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 10

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 9 ;

Fig. 11

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 12

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 11 ;

Fig. 13

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 1 with a heating element without a frame;

Fig. 14

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 1 with a heating element with frame;

Fig. 15

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 16

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 15 ;

Fig. 17

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 18

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 17 ;

Fig. 19

a perspective view of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention;

Fig. 20

a cross-section of the holding device according to Fig. 19 , which represents two states;

Fig. 21

a perspective view of another embodiment of a holding device according to the invention with a notch;

Fig. 22

a cross-section of a further embodiment of a holding device according to the invention with a notch

Fig. 23

a perspective side view of the holding device according to Fig. 22 ;

Fig. 24

a side view of interconnected PTC heating elements;

Fig. 25

a plan view of interconnected PTC heating elements according to Fig. 24 .

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a holding device 10 with a heat transfer body 16. The heat transfer body 16 comprises two chambers 14 and two holding elements 11.

The chambers 14 have chamber walls K'. In the present embodiment, the chambers 14 each have two chamber walls K' arranged opposite one another. One of the chamber walls K' is connected to a holding element 11 and to another of the chamber walls K'.

The holding elements 11 are arranged opposite one another and between the chambers 14. The chambers 14 are each open longitudinally at their axial ends to allow the flow of a gaseous medium.

The longitudinal direction is therefore understood to mean the direction in which the chambers 14 can be flowed through by a gaseous medium.

A transverse direction is a direction that extends orthogonally to the longitudinal direction or the flow direction.

The holding elements 11 are spaced apart from one another by a gap 12. The gap 12 is delimited by inner surfaces of the holding elements 11. The inner surfaces are adapted to the heating element 13 to be inserted. The inner surfaces run parallel to one another, are arranged opposite one another, and face one another. If necessary, the shape of the inner surfaces can be varied. The holding elements 11 each have two recesses 18 on an inner surface. The recesses 18 extend along the entire longitudinal direction of the holding device 10.

The holding elements 11 each have a tensile profile 17 on an outer side. The outer surfaces face away from the gap 12. A bore 20 is arranged in each of the tensile profiles 17, which extends along the entire longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body 14. Embodiments without bores are possible. The tensile profile 17 has two angled webs. The angled webs are directed away from each other. This means that the angled regions of the webs extend in opposite directions. The webs can also be described as having an L-shaped cross section. Alternatively, other shapes of the tensile profiles 17 are possible.

The shape of the holding device 10 is essentially a figure-eight. The holding device 10 has a plane of symmetry that runs orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. More precisely, the plane of symmetry runs parallel to the gap 12.

The chamber walls K' are curved towards the holding elements 11. The chamber walls K' each have a convex curvature. The convex curvature of the chamber walls K' points in the direction in which the holding element 11, which is connected to the respective chamber wall K', is used to increase the gap 12. In other words, the convex curvature of a chamber wall K' is directed away from an opposite chamber wall K', which is assigned to the same chamber 14.

Preferably, the circular arcs of the curved chamber walls K' lie on the same straight line and/or are parallel to each other. Further preferably, the chamber walls K' have a central angle between 150° and 180°.

The heat transfer bodies 14 are essentially hollow or oval in cross-section. The hollow or oval cross-section of the heat transfer bodies results in the figure-eight shape described above. Alternatively and/or additionally, the heat transfer bodies can have polygonal elements at least in sections. The chambers 14 each have an inner region 1'. The two inner regions 1' are connected to one another by the gap 12.

The chamber walls K' have outer and inner cooling elements 22, 23. The cooling elements 22, 23 can also be referred to as surface extensions.

The outer and inner cooling elements 22, 23 are designed as ribs. The outer cooling elements 22 extend radially outward, and the inner cooling elements 23 extend radially into the chamber 14. The ribs of the outer and inner cooling elements 22, 23 each extend along the entire longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body 14. Alternatively, other configurations or a different number of cooling elements are possible. In an alternative embodiment, it is possible for both chambers 14 to have outer and inner cooling elements 22, 23 (cf. Figures 3 to 12 ).

The chamber 14, which comprises internal cooling elements 23, has a receptacle 19 for a fastening means. The receptacle 19 is arranged on an outer surface of the chamber wall K'. The receptacle 19 is arranged on the chamber wall K' which faces away from the holding elements 11 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the holding device 10. The receptacle 19 comprises a guide which extends along the entire length in the longitudinal direction. An opening, for example a bore, is arranged between the guide. For example, a hook-shaped clip can be inserted into the guide and pushed through the bore with a screw. Further designs of the holder 19 are conceivable.

The holding element is shaped or designed in such a way that elastic deformation is possible or encouraged. For this purpose, the chamber walls K' are adapted to form a kind of collet. This maintains the tension even under the influence of heat and does not reduce the heating output or heat flow. This improves the heat transfer function.

More specifically, the chamber walls K' have a first and a second end. The first end of a chamber wall K' is connected to a holding element 11, and the second end is connected to an opposite chamber wall K'. The lever arm corresponds to the distance between the first end and the second end.

The dividing line of the chamber walls K' of the heat transfer body 16 forms a mirror plane. The mirror plane in Fig. 1 runs centrally through the gap 12 and parallel to the inner surfaces of the holding elements 11. In other words, the connecting ends of the opposite chamber walls K' of the two chambers 14 lie on the mirror plane. Alternatively, the plane forms the dividing line between the chamber walls K' of a chamber, which runs centrally through the gap 12. In the described embodiment, this plane corresponds to the mirror plane.

The embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4 corresponds essentially to the previously described embodiment. The embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4 In contrast to the previously described embodiment, it has no bore in the tension profile 17. Instead, the two L-shaped webs facing away from each other are spaced apart by a free space.

The holding devices 10, which are in the Figures 3 and 4 as well as in the Figures 5 to 12 shown do not include a receptacle 19 for a fastening means. The aforementioned holding devices 10 therefore have two planes of symmetry, each extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the holding device 10 and orthogonal to each other. In other words, the aforementioned embodiments have two axes of symmetry in cross-section.

The embodiment according to the Figures 5 and 6 differs from the embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4 also by the tension profile 17. The tension profile 17 according to the Figures 5 and 6 is T-shaped.

The embodiment according to the Figures 7 and 8 Like the previous embodiments, it differs in the tensile profile 17, which here has an E-shaped geometry. More precisely, three additional extensions are arranged on a T-shaped geometry. These extensions ensure that the tensile profile 17 additionally has an improved heat transfer function.

The embodiment according to the Figures 9 and 10 essentially corresponds to the embodiment according to the Figures 3 and 4 The tension profile 17 according to the embodiment of the Figures 9 and 10 has an additional rib between the L-shaped webs. This additional rib forms an additional cooling element 21.

The embodiment according to the Figures 11 and 12 has circular heat transfer bodies 14. More precisely, the chamber walls K' form two circular chambers 14. The thickness or material thickness of the chamber walls K' is greater in the region of the holding elements 11 than in the region remote from the holding elements 11. On the outside of the holding elements 11, five additional cooling elements 21 are arranged parallel to one another and extend away from the holding elements 11.

This structure improves the stiffness of the chamber walls K' and is beneficial for the mechanical stress distribution in the chamber walls K'.

In a circular heat transfer body 14, the length of the lever arm of the chamber walls K' essentially corresponds to the diameter of the chambers 14.

In contrast to the previous embodiments, the circular chambers 14 have eleven internal cooling elements 23.

The holding device 10 according to the Figures 13 and 14 corresponds to the Figures 1 and 2 described holding device 10. In the Figures 13 and 14 A heating element 13 is arranged in the gap 12 between the holding elements 11.

The embodiment according to Fig. 13 differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 14 in that the heating element 13 in Fig. 13 has no frame. The heating element 13 in Fig. 14 has a frame. The frame is arranged in the recesses 18 of the holding elements 11.

The frame is part of a support element on which the heating element, for example, a PTC heating element, is arranged or pre-assembled. The frame interacts with the recesses 18. The recesses 18 form a guide in which the heating element 13 is guided when installed or can be inserted for assembly. The recess 18 thus enables easy installation of the heating element 13.

In Fig. 15 and Fig. 16 A further exemplary embodiment is shown. This exemplary embodiment has two axes of symmetry in cross-section. The shape of the chambers 14 is mushroom-shaped. Specifically, the inner contour of the chamber walls K' of the chambers 14 is mushroom-shaped or umbrella-shaped. The chamber walls K' each have a curved or circular-arc-shaped section and a polygonal or angular section. The curved section is convex in a direction away from the gap 12.

The curved section is arranged on the outside in the transverse direction. The polygonal section is arranged between the curved section and the holding element 11 and is connected to them, in particular formed integrally. The curved section and the polygonal section together form a chamber wall K'. Specifically, the curved section and the polygonal section form a lever arm 15.

The curved section protrudes beyond the retaining element 11, which is connected to the corresponding chamber wall K'. The polygonal section tapers toward the retaining elements 11. For this purpose, the polygonal region has a step that is inclined in a direction away from the central longitudinal axis. The geometry of the chamber walls increases the rigidity of the heat transfer body 16. This enables a strong holding force and good heat transfer.

Two outer cooling elements 22 are arranged on each of the outer surfaces of the chamber walls K'. Thus, the heat transfer body 16 has a total of eight outer cooling elements 22. The outer cooling elements 22 are designed as ribs that extend in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body 16.

The holding elements 11 each have three recesses 18 on their inner surfaces to hold one or more heating elements 13. The tension profile 17, which is arranged on each of the holding elements 11, has a T-shaped geometry.

The Figures 17 and 18 show an embodiment in which the chambers 14 essentially have the shape of a semicircle in cross section. The chamber walls K' accordingly have a curved or circular arc-shaped geometry in cross section. The chamber walls K' are connected to the holding elements 11 by means of connecting webs 25. The chamber walls K' have open axial ends in cross section, each of which protrudes beyond one of the connecting webs 25. The open ends of two opposite chamber walls K' form the tensile profile 17. In other words, in the embodiment shown here, the chamber walls K' merge into the tensile profile.

The holding elements 11 have a form-fitting contour on their inner surfaces to better hold the heating element 13. The form-fitting contour is formed by lateral projections on the inside of one holding element 11 and corresponding lateral recesses on the opposite holding element 11, each of which extends in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body.

In the Figures 19 and 20 1 shows a heat transfer body 16 with triangular-shaped chambers 14 in cross-section. The chamber walls K' of the heat transfer body 16 form an isosceles triangle in cross-section, with two of the chamber walls K' of one of the chambers 14 each forming a leg, and one of the chamber walls K' of one of the chambers 14 each forming a base of the triangle. The chamber walls K', which form the legs, are each connected to a holding element 11.

Fig. 20 shows two different states of the holding device 10 according to Fig. 19 The solid line shows the state of the holding device 10 when an external tensile force acts on the tensile profile 17 and the gap 12 is enlarged. This state is referred to as the deformed state. The dashed line shows the state when no external tensile force acts on the tensile profile 17. This state is referred to as the rest state.

In the deformed state of the holding device 10, the chamber walls K' are elastically deformed, and the gap 12 is larger than in the resting state of the holding device 10. This means that the distance between the opposing holding elements 11 is increased. The chamber walls K', which each form the base of the isosceles triangle, are straight in the resting state. In the deformed state, these chamber walls K' exhibit a concave curvature toward the holding elements 11.

Fig. 21 shows an embodiment that corresponds to that according to Fig. 1 The illustrated embodiment also features a profiling on the outside of the heat transfer body 16. The profiling makes it possible to dissipate more heat to the environment.

The illustrated holding devices 10 can be adapted by mechanical processing to accommodate a plurality of heating elements 13. The heating elements 13 are preferably arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body 16.

Embodiments of such machined holding devices 10 are shown in Fig. 21 as well as in the Figures 22 and 23 shown.

On the outside of the holding device 10 according to Fig. 21 Two notches 24 are arranged, which extend in a transverse direction and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction. The notches 24 extend only on one half of the holding device 10. Specifically, only one holding element 11 has the notches 24. The notches 24 delimit separate clamping areas 28.

In Fig. 22 It is shown how the incision 24 is made using a circular saw. It can be seen that the circular saw is placed centrally on the holding element 11. The incision 24 extends to the gap 12. Fig. 23 shows a perspective side view of the notch 24 according to Fig. 22 .

The incisions 24 allow the gap 12 to be of different sizes in the longitudinal direction. This allows for a better holding function across the entire holding device 10. Furthermore, different heating elements 13 can be arranged in the gap 12, since the incisions 24 allow several heating elements 13 to be arranged sequentially in the longitudinal direction but mechanically separated from one another. Clamping areas 28 or segments are formed. This makes it possible to apply a coordinated holding force to each heating element 13. Thus, each heating element 13 can be subjected to an ideal holding force. The separate clamping areas 28 also make it possible to compensate for tolerance differences.

The holding device 10 can thus provide any number of clamping areas 28 for any number of heating elements 13 and can be manufactured in one piece or monolithically.

Fig. 24 and Fig. 25 show a schematic representation of a heating element arrangement with a sequential structure, suitable for a holding device 10 with multiple clamping areas 28. The heating element arrangement comprises three PTC heating elements 13 arranged in series one behind the other. The individual PTC heating elements 13 are each connected to the adjacent PTC heating elements 13 by a metal strip 26. The heating element 13 comprises a line 27 for connection to a power source.

The functionality of the holding device described above is explained in more detail below. When the holding device 10 is assembled or installed, the holding elements 11 hold the heating element 13, which is arranged in the gap 12 between the holding elements 11. The heating element 13 is in close contact with the inner surfaces of the holding elements 11. Due to the close contact of the heating element 13 with the inner surfaces of the holding elements 11, heat can be transferred to the heat transfer body 16 during operation.

The heat transfer body 16 serves to dissipate heat to the environment, for example, to ensure constant climate conditions in a control cabinet and, in particular, to prevent the formation of condensation. The outer and inner cooling elements 22, 23, as well as the additional cooling elements 21, increase the surface area of the heat transfer body 14 and further improve this property.

To install the heating element 13, the retaining elements 11 are moved away from each other by applying an assembly force, in particular an external tensile force. This increases the width of the gap 12. The heating element 13 is then inserted into the widened gap 12. When the assembly force is applied, the chamber walls K' are elastically deformed. The assembly force is applied to the holding elements 11. Alternatively, the holding elements 11 can be directly subjected to an assembly force. When the assembly force is removed, a restoring force acts on the holding elements 11. The restoring force acting on a holding element 11 is always directed in the direction of the opposite holding element 11. This clamps the heating element 13 or holds it between the holding elements 11.

The chamber walls K' form lever arms that are elastically deformable and exhibit mechanical tension in the elastically deformed state. This tension creates the holding or restoring force with which the heating element 13 is held between the two holding elements 11.

The tensile profile 17 is designed to interact with a tool. In particular, tensile profiles that comprise a T- or L-shaped geometry have engagement surfaces into which the tool can engage and apply an external tensile force, so that the holding elements 11 can be moved away from one another to enlarge the gap 12 and arrange a heating element 13 in the gap 12. It is possible for several heating elements 13 to be arranged between the holding elements 11. The heating elements 13 can, for example, be arranged next to one another, wherein the heating elements 13 are preferably not in contact with one another.

List of reference symbols

I'

Interior

K'

Chamber wall

10

holding device

11

Holding element

12

gap

13

heating element

14

chamber

15

lever arm

16

Heat transfer body

17

Train profile

18

recess

19

Recording

20

drilling

21

Cooling element

22

external cooling elements

23

internal cooling elements

24

incision

25

Connecting bridges

26

sheet metal strips

27

Line

28

Clamping range

Claims (15)

1. Holding device (10) for at least one heating element, in particular for a PTC heating element or a mica heating element, comprising

   - at least two oppositely arranged holding elements (11) which are spaced apart from one another by a gap (12) that extends along a longitudinal direction of the holding device (10) and is adapted to accommodate at least one heating element (13), and

   - a heat transfer body (16) having at least two chambers (14) which each form an inner region (I') through which a gaseous medium can flow,

   - wherein the opposing holding elements (11) are arranged between the two chambers (14) and the gap (12) connects the inner regions (I') of the chambers (14),
   characterized in that

   - at least one tension profile (17) is arranged on at least one outer surface of the holding elements (11), to which profile a tensile force can be applied in order to enlarge the gap (12) for accommodating the at least one heating element (13),

   - the chambers (14) have chamber walls (K') which form lever arms (15) at least in sections, wherein the lever arms (15) are elastically deformable at least in sections by the tensile force and are connected to the holding elements (11) in such a way that the at least one heating element (13) is subjected to a holding force in the installed state.
2. Holding device according to claim 1,
   characterized in that

   the chamber walls (K') of the two chambers (14) are in each case of substantially the same shape, in particular the chamber walls (K') form lever arms (15) of equal length, and the holding elements (11) are arranged in a transverse direction centrally between the chambers (14),
   or in that

   the chamber walls (K') of the two chambers (14) have different shapes from one another, in particular the chamber walls (K') form lever arms (15) of different lengths from one another, so that the holding elements (11) are arranged between the chambers (14) in a manner such that they are offset in a transverse direction from the center.
3. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that

   the chamber walls (K') each have, at least in some sections, a geometry which is curved in cross section, in particular a circular or oval geometry, and/or in that

   the chamber walls (K') each have, at least in some sections, a geometry which is angular in cross-section, in particular a triangular or polygonal geometry .
4. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the holding elements (11) and/or the tension profile (17) have at least one cooling element (21), in particular a cooling element (21) designed as an extension or rib.
5. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the tension profile (17) and/or the cooling element (21) have/has, at least in sections, an I-shaped, E-shaped, L-shaped and/or T-shaped geometry in cross-section.
6. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the holding elements (11) each have an inner surface which bounds the gap (12), wherein at least one recess (18) extends on at least one inner surface in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body (16).
7. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   at least one of the chamber walls (K') has on an outer surface at least one receptacle (19) for a fastening means,
   and/or in that

   at least one of the chamber walls (K') has outer cooling elements (22), in particular outer cooling elements (22) designed as extensions or ribs, which are arranged on an outer surface of the chamber wall (K'),
   and/or in that

   at least one of the chamber walls (K') has inner cooling elements (23), in particular inner cooling elements (23) designed as extensions or ribs, which are arranged on an inner surface of the chamber wall (K').
8. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   at least one holding element (11) and/or tension profile (17) comprises a bore (20) which extends in the longitudinal direction of the heat transfer body (16).
9. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the holding device (10) has at least one plane of symmetry which extends in the longitudinal direction of the holding device (10).
10. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the chamber walls (K') have sections of different material thickness.
11. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the holding elements (11) and the heat transfer body (16) are of integral, in particular monolithic, design.
12. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that

    the holding device (10) is adapted such that a plurality of sequentially arranged heating elements (13) are arranged between the holding elements (11) and are each subjected to a holding force,

    in particular in that

    the holding device (10) has a cut (24) which extends orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the holding device in order to be able to clamp various sequentially arranged heating elements individually.
13. Holding device according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the holding device (10) has at least in some sections a profiling on the outer surface of the heat transfer body (16).
14. Heating device having a holding device (10) according to one of the preceding claims and at least one heating element (13), in particular a PTC heating element or a mica heating element, wherein the heating element (13) is arranged between the holding elements (11).
15. Method for manufacturing a heating apparatus according to claim 14, in which a holding device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 13 is provided, wherein

    - the opposing holding elements (11) are moved away from each other in opposite directions by applying an external force, so that the width of the gap (12) increases,

    - at least the heating element (13) is arranged in the gap (12), and

    - then the external force is removed, so that the width of the gap (12) is reduced and the heating element (13) is loaded with a force and held by the lever arms (15).

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