EP4200966A1 - A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit - Google Patents
A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuitInfo
- Publication number
- EP4200966A1 EP4200966A1 EP22772622.1A EP22772622A EP4200966A1 EP 4200966 A1 EP4200966 A1 EP 4200966A1 EP 22772622 A EP22772622 A EP 22772622A EP 4200966 A1 EP4200966 A1 EP 4200966A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- switching element
- zener diode
- circuit
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
Definitions
- the technical problem that the present invention solves is the difficulty in easily powering various electronic circuits of lower power without galvanic separation from the alternating mains voltage.
- JP200926824 describes a method of providing an inrush current reduction circuit which can eliminate the use of an expensive active element and reduce the inrush current due to a momentary supply interruption, by which the circuit includes a switching device connected in series with a power supply line from the supply to loads, and a time-constant circuit with a resistor and capacitor for use as a circuit to reduce the inrush current generated while energizing the load.
- the fast current reduction circuit includes a voltage reference circuit that is separate from the time constant circuit. The voltage reference circuit discharges the capacitor charges in a time-constant circuit when the load is turned off.
- the voltage reference circuit consists of a passive element.
- CA2521570 describes a power supply noise reduction circuit and a power supply noise reduction method for reducing power supply noise at any frequency includes forcing the power supply noise to resonate at the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit, including an inductor and capacitor to set the noise frequency equal to or close to the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit, and with noise reduction set equal to or close to the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit using a low-pass filter that includes a resistor and a capacitor.
- WO201 1102587 describes a solution relating to a standby power reduction device that can stop the operation of a switching power supply circuit and supply the electrical energy stored in an electric double-layer capacitor as standby power when the electronic equipment is in the standby state, thereby reduces standby power loss.
- This invention also relates to a standby power reduction device that can maintain the control signal of the signal circuit located on the secondary side of the isolation transformer in a high isolation state and transmit the control signal to the control circuit located on the first side of the isolation transformer by means of photocouplers.
- a device for reducing the power of electronic equipment in a standby state in which the source ground and equipment ground is maintained in an isolation state by an isolation transformer, comprises: a signal circuit that uses the equipment ground as a ground and generates a control signal; a system control circuit electrically connected to the signal circuit and which receives a user command to control the operation of the electronic equipment; a switching power supply circuit that uses the source ground as ground and supplies the signal circuit via an isolation transformer; a control circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply circuit and receiving a control signal generated by the signal circuit for controlling the operation of the switching power supply circuit; and a photocoupler located between the signal circuit and the control circuit and transmits the control signal generated by the signal circuit to the control circuit while maintaining the isolation condition.
- CN201310161930 describes an AC step-down power supply circuit that can provide an ideal, low-cost, low-power, and more stable AC step-down microcurrent power supply for some microcurrent operating circuits.
- the microcurrent power supply circuit adopts a capacitive voltage reduction circuit with a low capacity voltage reduction capacitor. Compared with the existing product, the microcurrent power supply circuit has the advantages of being a power supply circuit with very low power consumption, low cost, has significant energy saving and environmental protection effects. Description of the new solution
- a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit solves the technical problem of difficulties in easily powering various electronic circuits of lower power without galvanic isolation from the AC mains voltage by designing and implementing a capacitor power supply Zener diode loss reduction circuit.
- a switching element is used in such a way that it bridges the Zener diode when there is a high enough reverse voltage on it. In this way, the losses that would be caused by the current through the reverse polarized Zener diode are reduced.
- capacitor power supply Electronic circuits that do not require galvanic isolation from the AC mains voltage and do not need a lot of current to operate can be powered by a simple capacitor power supply.
- the main components of known capacitor power supplies are: high-voltage capacitor, protection resistor, Zener diode, rectifier diode and electrolytic capacitor.
- Such a power supply utilizes the capacitive current through the high-voltage capacitor, on which most of the high mains voltage resides.
- the voltage drop across the Zener diode is half-wave rectified by the diode.
- the electrolytic capacitor smooths the output voltage. The maximum output voltage is limited by the reverse voltage of the Zener diode.
- VCC the positive terminal of the power supply, which is also the input for controlling the output voltage
- the proposed circuit solution for reducing the losses of the capacitor power supply in Figure 1 reduces the losses on the Zener diode 102.
- the control circuit 201 opens the switching element 101 via the output to control the switching element FET. Then the input current through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105 terminates via the switching element 101, on which there is a very low voltage. Therefore, the losses on the switching element 101 are significantly lower than they would be on the Zener diode 102.
- the control circuit 201 is powered through the positive terminal of the power supply, which is also the input for controlling the output voltage VCC.
- the set limit of the output voltage in the control circuit must be less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 102 in the reverse direction. As long as the output voltage is less than the set limit in the control circuit 201, the control output of the switching element FET is in a low, inactive state, so that the switching element 101 is closed.
- the input current in the positive half-cycle flows through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105, the rectifier diode 104 and the parallel connection of the electrolytic capacitor 103 and the output.
- the input current flows through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105 and the forwardly polarized Zener diode 102. Since the voltage drop on the Zener diode in the forward direction is small, then the losses on the Zener diode are small. It is also possible to design a control circuit so that every negative half-cycle opens the switching element 101, on which the voltage drop is even smaller than the voltage drop on the Zener diode in the forward direction.
- a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit is characterized in that a switching element 101 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode 102, which is opened by the control circuit 201 depending on the output voltage and the voltage on the Zener diode 102.
- Said circuit according to this embodiment further comprises a negative supply terminal GND, a positive supply terminal VCC, a Zener diode UZ voltage control input, a switching element FET control output, a switching element 101 , Zener diode 102, electrolytic capacitor 103, rectifier diode 104, high-voltage capacitor 105, protective resistor 106 and control circuit 201, whereby the output limit is set in the control circuit 201 voltage that is smaller than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 102 in the reverse direction.
- the control output of the switching element FET is in a low, inactive state, so that the switching element 101 is closed;
- Said circuit is further characterized in that when the output voltage falls below the set limit minus the hysteresis, the FET control output returns to a low, inactive state so that the switch element 101 closes.
- a method for reducing capacitor power supply losses using a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit is characterized in that the control circuit 201 opens the switching element 101 via a control output of the switching element FET and thereby the input current via the protective resistor 106 and the high-voltage capacitor 105 is terminated via the switching element 101 on which there is a very low voltage, as a result of which the losses on the switching element 101 are significantly lower than they would be on the Zener diode 102.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Abstract
A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit solves the technical problem of difficulties in easily powering various electronic circuits of lower power without galvanic isolation from the AC mains voltage by designing and implementing a capacitor power supply Zener diode loss reduction circuit.
Description
A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit
The field of technology
Electrical engineering, circuits
Technical problem
The technical problem that the present invention solves is the difficulty in easily powering various electronic circuits of lower power without galvanic separation from the alternating mains voltage.
State of the art
JP200926824 describes a method of providing an inrush current reduction circuit which can eliminate the use of an expensive active element and reduce the inrush current due to a momentary supply interruption, by which the circuit includes a switching device connected in series with a power supply line from the supply to loads, and a time-constant circuit with a resistor and capacitor for use as a circuit to reduce the inrush current generated while energizing the load. In particular, the fast current reduction circuit includes a voltage reference circuit that is separate from the time constant circuit. The voltage reference circuit discharges the capacitor charges in a time-constant circuit when the load is turned off. The voltage reference circuit consists of a passive element.
CA2521570 describes a power supply noise reduction circuit and a power supply noise reduction method for reducing power supply noise at any frequency includes forcing the power supply noise to resonate at the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit, including an inductor and capacitor to set the noise frequency equal to or close to the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit, and with noise reduction set equal to or close to the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit using a low-pass filter that includes a resistor and a capacitor.
WO201 1102587 describes a solution relating to a standby power reduction device that can stop the operation of a switching power supply circuit and supply the electrical energy stored in an electric double-layer capacitor as standby power when the electronic equipment is in the standby state, thereby reduces standby power loss. This invention also relates to a standby power reduction device that can maintain the control signal of the signal circuit located on the secondary side of the isolation transformer in a high isolation state and transmit the control signal to the control circuit located on the first side of the isolation transformer by means of photocouplers. For example, a device for reducing the power of electronic equipment in a standby state, in which the source ground and equipment ground is maintained in an isolation state by an isolation transformer, comprises: a signal circuit that uses the equipment ground as a ground and generates a control signal; a system control circuit electrically connected to the signal circuit and which receives a user command to control the operation of the electronic equipment; a switching power supply circuit that uses the source ground as ground and supplies the signal circuit via an isolation transformer; a control circuit electrically connected to the switching power supply circuit and receiving a control signal generated by the signal circuit for controlling the operation of the switching power supply circuit; and a photocoupler located between the signal circuit and the control circuit and transmits the control signal generated by the signal circuit to the control circuit while maintaining the isolation condition.
CN201310161930 describes an AC step-down power supply circuit that can provide an ideal, low-cost, low-power, and more stable AC step-down microcurrent power supply for some microcurrent operating circuits. The microcurrent power supply circuit adopts a capacitive voltage reduction circuit with a low capacity voltage reduction capacitor. Compared with the existing product, the microcurrent power supply circuit has the advantages of being a power supply circuit with very low power consumption, low cost, has significant energy saving and environmental protection effects.
Description of the new solution
A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit solves the technical problem of difficulties in easily powering various electronic circuits of lower power without galvanic isolation from the AC mains voltage by designing and implementing a capacitor power supply Zener diode loss reduction circuit.
To achieve the desired effect, a switching element is used in such a way that it bridges the Zener diode when there is a high enough reverse voltage on it. In this way, the losses that would be caused by the current through the reverse polarized Zener diode are reduced.
Electronic circuits that do not require galvanic isolation from the AC mains voltage and do not need a lot of current to operate can be powered by a simple capacitor power supply. The main components of known capacitor power supplies are: high-voltage capacitor, protection resistor, Zener diode, rectifier diode and electrolytic capacitor. Such a power supply utilizes the capacitive current through the high-voltage capacitor, on which most of the high mains voltage resides. The voltage drop across the Zener diode is half-wave rectified by the diode. The electrolytic capacitor smooths the output voltage. The maximum output voltage is limited by the reverse voltage of the Zener diode.
In known versions of the capacitor power supply, all the remaining current, which is not needed by the powered electronic circuit at the output, flows through the Zener diode in the positive half-cycle. The high-voltage capacitor must be dimensioned in such a way that, at maximum output load, it provides enough current at minimum input mains voltage. At that time, a minimum current flows through the Zener diode in the closing direction. At maximum input line voltage, the current through the high-voltage capacitor increases, so the increased current flows through the Zener diode. The current through the Zener diode increases further as the load on the output decreases. At the maximum input network voltage and the minimum output load, the current through the Zener diode is the highest, so the losses on the Zener diode are the highest at that time.
When a wider range of input voltages is required or the power supply needs to be sized for occasional heavy loads, the losses on the Zener diode can become so great that heating becomes a problem.
Below, the specification is further described with help of a Figure this Figure forming part of these specifications. Figure 1 shows
GND - negative terminal of the power supply
VCC - the positive terminal of the power supply, which is also the input for controlling the output voltage
UZ - voltage control input on the Zener diode
FET - output for controlling the switching element
101 - switch element
102 - Zener diode
103 - electrolytic capacitor
104 - rectifier diode
105 - high voltage capacitor
106 - protective resistor
201 - control circuit
The proposed circuit solution for reducing the losses of the capacitor power supply in Figure 1 reduces the losses on the Zener diode 102. When the output voltage on the capacitor 103 is high enough, the control circuit 201 opens the switching element 101 via the output to control the switching element FET. Then the input current through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105 terminates via the switching element 101, on which there is a very low voltage. Therefore, the losses on the switching element 101 are significantly lower than they would be on the Zener diode 102.
The control circuit 201 is powered through the positive terminal of the power supply, which is also the input for controlling the output voltage VCC. The set limit of the output voltage in the control circuit must be less than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 102 in the reverse direction.
As long as the output voltage is less than the set limit in the control circuit 201, the control output of the switching element FET is in a low, inactive state, so that the switching element 101 is closed. The input current in the positive half-cycle flows through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105, the rectifier diode 104 and the parallel connection of the electrolytic capacitor 103 and the output. In the negative halfcycle, the input current flows through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105 and the forwardly polarized Zener diode 102. Since the voltage drop on the Zener diode in the forward direction is small, then the losses on the Zener diode are small. It is also possible to design a control circuit so that every negative half-cycle opens the switching element 101, on which the voltage drop is even smaller than the voltage drop on the Zener diode in the forward direction.
When the output voltage exceeds the set limit in the control circuit 201 and the voltage across the Zener diode and the voltage control input of the Zener diode UZ is sufficiently low, the control output of the FET switch element is set to a high, active state, which opens the switch element 101. Then the input the current in both half-cycles flows through the protective resistor 106, the high-voltage capacitor 105 and the switching element 101. The electronic circuit at the output is supplied with the energy of the electrolytic capacitor 103. When the output voltage falls below the set limit, minus the hysteresis, the output to control the switching element FET returns to a low, inactive state so that switch element 101 closes.
Thus, in preferred embodiment a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit is characterized in that a switching element 101 is connected in parallel to the Zener diode 102, which is opened by the control circuit 201 depending on the output voltage and the voltage on the Zener diode 102.
Said circuit according to this embodiment further comprises a negative supply terminal GND, a positive supply terminal VCC, a Zener diode UZ voltage control input, a switching element FET control output, a switching element 101 , Zener diode 102, electrolytic capacitor 103, rectifier diode 104, high-voltage capacitor 105, protective
resistor 106 and control circuit 201, whereby the output limit is set in the control circuit 201 voltage that is smaller than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 102 in the reverse direction.
Said circuit according to this embodiment is further characterized in that:
- as long as the output voltage is less than the set limit in the control circuit 201, the control output of the switching element FET is in a low, inactive state, so that the switching element 101 is closed;
- when the output voltage exceeds the set limit in the control circuit 201 and the voltage across the Zener diode and the voltage control input of the Zener diode UZ is sufficiently low, the control output of the switching element FET is set to a high, active state, which opens switch element 101.
Said circuit is further characterized in that when the output voltage falls below the set limit minus the hysteresis, the FET control output returns to a low, inactive state so that the switch element 101 closes.
A method for reducing capacitor power supply losses using a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit is characterized in that the control circuit 201 opens the switching element 101 via a control output of the switching element FET and thereby the input current via the protective resistor 106 and the high-voltage capacitor 105 is terminated via the switching element 101 on which there is a very low voltage, as a result of which the losses on the switching element 101 are significantly lower than they would be on the Zener diode 102.
The advantages of the proposed circuit solution to reduce the losses of the capacitor power supply are:
- lower heating of the circuit due to lower losses on the Zener diode;
- more economical circuit due to lower energy consumption;
- possible use of a simple capacitor power supply for a wider range of input voltages;
- possible use of a simple capacitor power supply for larger output loads.
Claims
1. A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit characterized in that a switching element (101) is connected in parallel to the Zener diode (102), which is opened by the control circuit (201) depending on the output voltage and the voltage on the Zener diode (102).
2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein said circuit comprises a negative supply terminal (GND), a positive supply terminal (VCC), a Zener diode (UZ) voltage control input, a switching element (FET) control output, a switching element (101 ), Zener diode (102), electrolytic capacitor (103), rectifier diode (104), high-voltage capacitor (105), protective resistor (106) and control circuit (201), whereby the output limit is set in the control circuit (201) voltage that is smaller than the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode (102) in the closing direction.
3. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein: as long as the output voltage is less than the set limit in the control circuit (201), the control output of the switching element (FET) is in a low, inactive state, so that the switching element 101 is closed; when the output voltage exceeds the set limit in the control circuit (201) and the voltage across the Zener diode and the voltage control input of the Zener diode (UZ) is sufficiently low, the control output of the switching element (FET) is set to a high, active state, which opens switch element (101).
4. The circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein when the output voltage falls below the set limit minus the hysteresis, the FET control output returns to a low, inactive state so that the switch element (101) closes.
5. A method for reducing capacitor power supply losses using a capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the control circuit (201) opens the switching element (101) via a control output of the switching element (FET) and thereby the input current via the protective resistor (106) and the high-
8 voltage capacitor (105) is terminated via the switching element (101) on which there is a very low voltage, as a result of which the losses on the switching element 101 are significantly lower than they would be on the Zener diode (102).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI202100173A SI26251A (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2021-09-17 | A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit |
| PCT/SI2022/050024 WO2023043380A1 (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2022-08-18 | A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4200966A1 true EP4200966A1 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
Family
ID=83355324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22772622.1A Pending EP4200966A1 (en) | 2021-09-17 | 2022-08-18 | A capacitor power supply loss reduction circuit |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4200966A1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI26251A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023043380A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11878167B2 (en) | 2020-05-04 | 2024-01-23 | Btl Healthcare Technologies A.S. | Device and method for unattended treatment of a patient |
| AU2021269187B2 (en) | 2020-05-04 | 2023-02-23 | Btl Healthcare Technologies A.S. | Device and method for unattended treatment of a patient |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19729480A1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1999-01-14 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Capacitive power supply |
| EP1626493A1 (en) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-15 | Stmicroelectronics Sa | Capacitive power supply |
| JP5022800B2 (en) | 2007-07-17 | 2012-09-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Electronics |
| KR100974334B1 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2010-08-05 | 코칩 주식회사 | Standby power reduction device |
| FR2974255A1 (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-19 | St Microelectronics Tours Sas | Capacitive power supply circuit for providing rectified and smoothed output voltage across capacitor, has resistor limiting inrush current, where resistor is in series with diode between node and terminal providing rectified output voltage |
-
2021
- 2021-09-17 SI SI202100173A patent/SI26251A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2022
- 2022-08-18 EP EP22772622.1A patent/EP4200966A1/en active Pending
- 2022-08-18 WO PCT/SI2022/050024 patent/WO2023043380A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SI26251A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
| WO2023043380A1 (en) | 2023-03-23 |
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