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EP4296511B1 - Structure de compresseur volumétrique à mouvement alternatif - Google Patents

Structure de compresseur volumétrique à mouvement alternatif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4296511B1
EP4296511B1 EP23181253.8A EP23181253A EP4296511B1 EP 4296511 B1 EP4296511 B1 EP 4296511B1 EP 23181253 A EP23181253 A EP 23181253A EP 4296511 B1 EP4296511 B1 EP 4296511B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction
compressor structure
volumetric compressor
opening
delivery
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP23181253.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4296511A1 (fr
Inventor
Giampaolo Gentilin
Giuseppe Gentilin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gentilin Srl
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Gentilin Srl
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Publication of EP4296511A1 publication Critical patent/EP4296511A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4296511B1 publication Critical patent/EP4296511B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/04—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B27/0404—Details, component parts specially adapted for such pumps
    • F04B27/0442—Supporting and guiding means for the pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/02—Packing the free space between cylinders and pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/143—Sealing provided on the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
    • F04B53/144—Adaptation of piston-rods
    • F04B53/146—Piston-rod guiding arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
    • F04B53/164—Stoffing boxes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure, which can be used for a variety of applications, such as powering paint guns or compressed-air tools, performing blowing operations in machine shops, and still more.
  • Such reciprocating volumetric compressors generally comprise:
  • a first aspect to be refined is the fact that the connecting rod, through the first hinge means, acts on the rigid translating body according to directions transverse to the translation axis of the same rigid translating body; this causes the two piston guide and sliding rings near the first hinge means to be heavily stressed in the radial direction, resulting in wear, where such wear causes a progressive lack of tightness between the cylinder and piston and a consequent drop in the performance of the volumetric compressor itself.
  • a second aspect that can be refined relates to the compressor compactness in the direction of the axis of the movement of the pistons, as even in this technical field a reduction in overall dimensions is always sought, as well as a reduction in the number of components to the benefit of simplicity and speed of assembly thereof.
  • the task of the present invention is to develop a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure capable of obviating the aforementioned drawbacks and limitations of the prior art.
  • an object of the invention is to develop a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure capable of maintaining the same high efficiency for longer than similar compressors of the known type.
  • Another object of the invention is to develop a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure with an improved pneumatic sealing.
  • a further object of the invention is to develop a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure more compact than similar volumetric compressors of the known type.
  • a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure according to the invention is indicated as a whole by number 10 .
  • This reciprocating volumetric compressor structure 10 comprises:
  • the peculiarity of the reciprocating volumetric compressor structure 10 according to the invention lies in the fact that at least one of said pistons 11 and 12 comprises at least two guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, preferably three guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, as clearly shown in Figures 2 to 6 .
  • such a piston comprising at least two guide and sliding rings 32, 32a is the second piston 12, closer to the first hinge means 17.
  • a first piston 11, further away from the first hinge means 17, comprises a single first guide and sliding ring 31, while a second piston 12, closer to the first hinge means 17, comprises four second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c placed side by side.
  • these second guide and sliding rings may be two in number, preferably three or more than four.
  • At least one of said second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c is positioned so as to surround said first hinge means 17.
  • This last characteristic allows the radial forces transmitted from the connecting rod 16 to the piston 12 to be well distributed at least on the second rings 32, 32a, 32b, making the wear of the individual second rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c much slower and thus leading to an important extension of the operational life of the volumetric compressor structure 10.
  • the presence of the at least two second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, of which at least one is positioned so as to surround said first hinge means 17, determines an equally important improvement in the sealing between cylinder 15 and piston 12, resulting in improved overall efficiency of the reciprocating volumetric compressor structure 10.
  • such at least one of the second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c positioned so as to surround the first hinge means 17 is designed to be mounted so that it is at the point of maximum thrust and return angle during the swinging movement of the hinged connecting rod 16.
  • the first hinge means 17 comprise, by way of example, a pin 17a, a needle roller bearing 17b and two opposite annular seals 17c, positioned in a corresponding annular seat 16a defined at one end of the connecting rod 16, where the pin 17a is simultaneously arranged with its ends in corresponding holes 13a defined on the rigid translating body 13.
  • the second piston 12 comprises a fixing head 34, fixed to the rigid translating body 13, to which a cup-shaped cap 35 is in turn fixed.
  • This cup-shaped cap 35 comprises a circular base 35a and a cylindrical wall 36.
  • This cup-shaped cap 35 comprises a cylindrical wall 36 bearing as many annular cavities 37 as there are second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c.
  • three second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a and 32b surround, supported by the cup-shaped cap 35, the first hinge means 17.
  • the annular cavities 37 all have the same width in the direction of the axis of the cup-shaped cap 35.
  • the second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c have therefore also the same width.
  • the forces that the connecting rod 16 transmits to the second piston 12, causing the friction of the latter against the inner surface of the corresponding cylinder 15, are better distributed among the four second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c if compared to known compressors comprising one or two rings, which rings, in known configurations, are also distant from the first hinge means, i.e. they do not surround the pin between the connecting rod and the rigid translating body.
  • the second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b and 32c are annular and their axis of symmetry is parallel to a translation direction Z of the rigid translating body 13.
  • the rigid translating body 13 has a symmetrical structure, as clearly visible in Figure 2A .
  • Such a rigid translating body 13 has a circular central part with a centre C; a plane of transverse symmetry P1 and a plane of longitudinal symmetry P2 pass through this centre C.
  • the dotted line representing the plane of longitudinal symmetry P2 is the same as that representing the translation direction Z.
  • a first distance A1 between the centre C and a first end of a first piston 11 is substantially the same as a second distance A2 between the centre C and a second end of the second piston 12, as is well schematised in Figure 2B .
  • the translation direction Z is, for example, orthogonal to the rotation axis X2 of said drive shaft 19.
  • the second guide and sliding rings 32, 32a, 32b and 32c are annular and their axis of symmetry is orthogonal to the first rotation axis X1 of the first hinge means 17.
  • This peculiar reciprocating volumetric compressor structure 10 allows the radial forces transmitted from the connecting rod 16 to the piston 12 to be well distributed over at least the three first second rings 32, 32a, 32b, making the wear of the individual second rings 32, 32a, 32b, 32c much slower and thus leading to a significant extension of the service life of the volumetric compressor structure 10.
  • Each of said first 11 and second 12 pistons comprises:
  • a similar perimetral elastic gasket 42 is well shown in the section of Figure 11 ; the perimetral elastic gaskets 41 and 42 are to be understood as equal.
  • the perimetral elastic gasket 41 and 42 comprises:
  • the sealing portion 41b is configured to be in contact with the inner surface of the corresponding suction and compression chamber 26 and 27.
  • the sealing portion 41b and said cover 39 and 40 are configured in such a way that a compression gap 45 is defined between them, as visible in Figure 11 .
  • this compression gap 45 allows air to interpose itself between the sealing portion 41b and the cover 39 and 40, so as to act pushing against the sealing portion 41b in an outward radial direction; thereby, the sealing portion 41b increases its sealing efficiency against the inner surface of the suction and compression chamber 26 and 27.
  • the cover 39 and 40 comprises a pinch relief 40a configured to press the annular base portion 41a against the cover 39 or 40 in a variant embodiment not shown, or against the circular base 35a of the cup-shaped cap 35, as shown in Figure 11 .
  • the pinch relief 40a determines an improved clamping of the annular base portion 41a of the perimetral elastic gasket 41 and 42.
  • Each of said one-way valve means 24 and 25, which are well represented in Figures 7 to 10 , comprises:
  • two second suction openings 54 are defined in the base portion 22a and 23a, each defined by a through-hole.
  • Said at least one second delivery opening 55 consists of an opening having a substantially U-shaped profile with a diverter plane 55b tilted towards the inside of the head 22 and 23.
  • the one-way valve means 24 and 25 also comprise:
  • the first shutter foil 60 consists, for example, of a metal foil shaped to include a fixing portion 60a from which two side-by-side and independent shutter appendages 60b develop.
  • the second shutter foil 61 consists, for example, of a metal foil shaped to include a fixing portion 61a from which two side-by-side and independent shutter appendages 61b develop.
  • Such at least one suction passage 64 is schematised in hatching in Figure 10 and is clearly represented and visible in Figure 10B ; in the embodiment herein shown, the head 22 comprises two suction passages 64, defined by two channels made in the body of the head 22 and communicating with the filtering chamber 63 via a corresponding through opening 64a.
  • Each of the cylinders 14 and 15 comprises a tubular wall 66 wherein at least one suction channel 67 is defined extending in a direction parallel to a translation direction Z of said pistons 11, 12 in the respective compression chamber.
  • the suction channels 67 can be, for example, two for each cylinder 14 and 15.
  • the suction channels 67 are in communication with a corresponding suction passage 64 by means of a corresponding first opening 69 defined on said inner plate 51 and an adjacent second opening 70 defined on said shaped gasket 56.
  • the invention developed a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure capable of maintaining the same high yield for longer than similar compressors of the known type.
  • the invention developed a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure with improved pneumatic sealing.
  • the invention developed a reciprocating volumetric compressor structure more compact than similar volumetric compressors of the known type.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif (10) comprenant:
    - deux pistons opposés (11, 12) fixés coaxialement l'un à l'autre sur un même corps rigide de translation (13);
    - deux cylindres (14, 15), un pour chacun desdits pistons (11, 12);
    - une bielle (16), articulée sur ledit corps rigide de translation (13) avec de premiers moyens d'articulation (17) définissant un premier axe de rotation (X1);
    - un moteur électrique (18) avec un arbre d'entraînement (19) ayant un deuxième axe de rotation (X2);
    - un corps excentrique (20) fixé audit arbre d'entraînement (19) et contraint en rotation à ladite bielle (16) avec de seconds moyens d'articulation (21) définissant un troisième axe de rotation (X3);
    - deux têtes (22, 23), chacune configurée et positionnée pour fermer un cylindre correspondant (14, 15), chaque tête (22, 23) ayant des moyens de soupape unidirectionnels d'aspiration et de refoulement (24, 25);
    - deux chambres d'aspiration et de compression (26, 27), chacune définie à l'intérieur d'un cylindre (14, 15), entre un piston correspondant (11, 12) et une tête opposée (22, 23);
    - au moins un anneau de guidage et de glissement (31, 32) pour chaque piston (11, 12), ledit au moins un anneau de guidage et de glissement (31, 32) étant fixé au piston respectif (11, 12) de manière à être en contact avec la surface intérieure du cylindre correspondant (14, 15);
    - un carter (28), sur lequel sont fixés lesdits cylindres (14, 15) et ledit moteur électrique (18), ledit corps rigide de translation (13), ladite bielle (16) et ledit corps excentrique (20) étant positionnés à l'intérieur dudit carter (28),
    où un premier piston (11), plus éloigné des premiers moyens d'articulation (17), comprend au moins un premier anneau de guidage et de glissement (31), et un deuxième piston (12), plus proche des premiers moyens d'articulation (17), comprend au moins deux seconds anneaux de guidage et de glissement (32, 32a, 32b, 32c) disposés l'un à côté de l'autre, de préférence trois seconds anneaux de guidage et de glissement (32, 32a, 32b, 32c),disposés côte à côte, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un desdits seconds anneaux de guidage et de glissement (32, 32a, 32b) est positionné de manière à entourer lesdits premiers moyens d'articulation (17).
  2. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ledit deuxième piston (12), qui est plus proche des premiers moyens d'articulation (17), comprend quatre seconds anneaux de guidage et de glissement (32, 32a, 32b, 32c) disposés côte à côte.
  3. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ledit deuxième piston (12) comprend une tête de fixation (34), fixée audit corps rigide de translation (13), à laquelle est fixée une calotte en forme de coupelle (35), ladite calotte en forme de coupelle (35) comprenant une paroi cylindrique (36) présentant autant de cavités annulaires (37) qu'il y a de seconds anneaux de guidage et de glissement (32, 32a 32b, 32c).
  4. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chacun desdits premier (11) et deuxième (12) pistons comprend:
    - une tête de fixation (34, 38) fixée audit corps rigide de translation (13);
    - un couvercle (39, 40), fixé à ladite tête de fixation (34, 38);
    - un joint élastique périmétrique (41, 42) ayant une section transversale substantiellement en forme de L.
  5. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que ledit joint élastique périmétrique (41, 42) comprend:
    - une partie de base annulaire (41a) configurée pour être pressée entre ladite tête de fixation (34, 38) et ledit couvercle (39, 40),
    - et une partie d'étanchéité (41b) s'étendant de manière périmétrique à partir de ladite partie de base annulaire (41a),
    ladite partie d'étanchéité (41b) étant configurée de manière à être en contact avec la surface intérieure de la chambre d'aspiration et de compression correspondante (26, 27), ladite partie d'étanchéité (41b) et ledit couvercle (39, 40) étant configurés de manière à ce qu'un espace de compression (45) soit défini entre eux.
  6. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chacun desdits moyens de soupape unidirectionnels (24, 25) comprend:
    - une plaque intérieure (51) avec au moins une première ouverture d'aspiration (52) et au moins une première ouverture de refoulement (53), ladite plaque intérieure (51) faisant face à l'une desdites chambres d'aspiration et de compression correspondantes (26, 27);
    - l'une desdites têtes (22, 23), chacune desdites têtes (22, 23) comprenant une partie de base (22a, 23a) tournée vers ladite plaque intérieure (51), dans ladite partie de base (22a, 23a) étant définies au moins une deuxième ouverture d'aspiration (54) et au moins une deuxième ouverture de refoulement (55);
    - un joint galbé (56), ledit joint galbé étant positionné comme interposé entre ladite plaque intérieure (51) et ladite tête (22, 23), ledit joint galbé (56) comprenant une fenêtre d'aspiration (57), positionnée et configurée de manière à mettre en communication ladite première ouverture d'aspiration (52) et ladite deuxième ouverture d'aspiration (54), et une fenêtre de refoulement (58), positionnée et configurée de manière à mettre en communication ladite première ouverture de refoulement (53) et ladite deuxième ouverture de refoulement (55);
    - une première feuille d'obturation (60) pour l'obstruction unidirectionnelle de ladite au moins une deuxième ouverture d'aspiration (54), ladite première feuille d'obturation (60) étant fixée entre ledit joint galbé (56) et ladite partie de base (22a, 23a) de ladite tête (22, 23) de manière à faire saillie, en porte-à-faux, dans ladite fenêtre d'aspiration (57);
    - une deuxième feuille d'obturation (61) pour l'obstruction unidirectionnelle de ladite au moins une première ouverture de refoulement (53), ladite deuxième feuille d'obturation (61) étant fixée entre ledit joint galbé (56) et ladite plaque intérieure (51) de manière à faire saillie, en porte-à-faux, dans ladite fenêtre de refoulement (58).
  7. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon la revendication précédente, caractérisée en ce que dans chacune desdites têtes (22, 23) sont définis:
    - un passage de refoulement (62) configuré pour la connexion entre une bouche de refoulement, ouverte sur l'extérieur de la structure de compresseur volumétrique, et ladite au moins une deuxième ouverture de refoulement (55);
    - une chambre de filtrage (63) communiquant avec ladite au moins une deuxième ouverture d'aspiration (54);
    - au moins un passage d'aspiration (64) configuré pour relier une partie périmétrique de ladite partie de base (22a, 23a) à ladite chambre de filtrage (63).
  8. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chacun desdits cylindres (14, 15) comprend une paroi tubulaire (66) où est défini au moins un canal d'aspiration (67) se développant dans une direction parallèle à une direction de translation (Z) desdits pistons (11, 12) dans la chambre de compression respective, ledit au moins un canal d'aspiration (67) étant en communication avec l'un desdits passages d'aspiration (64) au moyen d'une première ouverture correspondante (69) définie sur ladite plaque intérieure (51) et d'une deuxième ouverture adjacente (70) définie sur ledit joint galbé (56).
  9. Structure de compresseur volumétrique alternatif selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite direction de translation (Z) est orthogonale à l'axe de rotation (X2) dudit arbre d'entraînement (19).
EP23181253.8A 2022-06-24 2023-06-23 Structure de compresseur volumétrique à mouvement alternatif Active EP4296511B1 (fr)

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IT202200013420 2022-06-24

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EP4296511B1 true EP4296511B1 (fr) 2024-12-04

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3789691B2 (ja) * 1999-09-14 2006-06-28 三洋電機株式会社 高圧圧縮機の圧縮装置
ITVI20040051A1 (it) * 2004-03-12 2004-06-12 Gentilin Srl Compressore volumetrico alternativo
ES2700698T3 (es) * 2006-06-08 2019-02-18 Larry Alvin Schuetzle Compresor o bomba de movimiento recíproco
ITPI20070006A1 (it) * 2007-01-22 2008-07-23 Iginio Benedetti Stantuffo per compressori volumetrici alternativi, in particolare per gas idrogeno, e compressori volumetrici relativi
CN108252895A (zh) * 2018-02-07 2018-07-06 泉州市华德机电设备有限公司 一种四缸无油直联空压机

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