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EP4113015B1 - Facility for producing domestic hot water - Google Patents

Facility for producing domestic hot water Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4113015B1
EP4113015B1 EP22181483.3A EP22181483A EP4113015B1 EP 4113015 B1 EP4113015 B1 EP 4113015B1 EP 22181483 A EP22181483 A EP 22181483A EP 4113015 B1 EP4113015 B1 EP 4113015B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dhw
energy recovery
temperature
loop
exchanger
Prior art date
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EP22181483.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4113015A1 (en
Inventor
Vincent PAPINOT
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Spirec
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Spirec
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Priority to MA61811A priority Critical patent/MA61811B1/en
Publication of EP4113015A1 publication Critical patent/EP4113015A1/en
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Publication of EP4113015B1 publication Critical patent/EP4113015B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1069—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water regulation in function of the temperature of the domestic hot water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/02—Fluid distribution means
    • F24D2220/0207—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/04—Sensors
    • F24D2220/042—Temperature sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of domestic hot water (DHW) production.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a DHW production installation integrating energy recovery.
  • a preheating exchanger can, according to a first embodiment, be placed upstream of the cold water inlet in said DHW heater.
  • This preheating exchanger recovers calories with energy not recovered on other equipment such as, for example, a refrigeration unit, a solar boiler, or a steam exchanger.
  • This preheating exchanger transmits the calories normally lost to the cold water and thus preheats the water by several degrees. These recovered degrees represent an energy saving for the DHW heater, the setpoint of which is 60°C.
  • the preheating exchanger associated with energy recovery is arranged in the DHW loop in order to heat the latter from 55°C to 60°C.
  • This configuration is interesting because maintaining the temperature of the DHW loop represents on average 60 to 70% of the energy expenditure on the DHW. It is therefore interesting to heat the DHW loop using recovered energy.
  • ECS production installations such as that described in the European patent application are also known. EP 3 450 859 , these installations being efficient but not economical enough.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above by proposing an economical DHW production installation, of simple design and easy to implement, integrating DHW preheating and being capable of using a maximum quantity of recovered energy in order to reduce its energy consumption.
  • Said recycling module advantageously comprises a non-return valve arranged downstream of said recirculation pump and making it possible to prevent the return of a flow of water coming from the cold water inlet to said DHW loop.
  • the recirculation pump of the recycling module has a variable flow rate.
  • the first temperature probe is arranged downstream of said distribution point
  • the second temperature probe is arranged between the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger and the connection of the recycling module
  • the third temperature probe is arranged at the inlet of the primary part of the energy recovery exchanger.
  • the term “mounted directly in series” means that no other equipment is connected to the second branch 14B of said secondary circuit 11 arranged between the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 and the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2.
  • DHW outlet refers to the area of the DHW loop 12 located downstream of the distribution point 15 and the term “DHW return” refers to the area of the DHW loop 12 located upstream of said distribution point 15.
  • the DHW production installation 1 may not include a storage tank 7, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Indeed, depending in particular on the size of the DHW production installation and/or the type of the energy recovery loop 8, a storage capacity will not necessarily be necessary.
  • the first, second and third branches 14A, 14B and 14C of the secondary circuit 11 are respectively arranged between the cold water inlet 13 and the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, between the outlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 and the inlet of the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, and between the outlet of the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 and the distribution point 15 on the DHW loop 12.
  • the first primary circuit 2 further comprises a three-way mixing valve 16 arranged between the outlet of the hot water production device 3 and the inlet of the primary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, and managing the useful power of the DHW heating exchanger 5 by recirculating, via the branch 17, in greater or lesser proportion, a portion of the water coming from the outlet of the primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5 on itself, so as to vary the temperature of the water at the inlet of said primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5.
  • a three-way mixing valve 16 arranged between the outlet of the hot water production device 3 and the inlet of the primary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, and managing the useful power of the DHW heating exchanger 5 by recirculating, via the branch 17, in greater or lesser proportion, a portion of the water coming from the outlet of the primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5 on itself, so as to vary the temperature of the water at the inlet of said primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5.
  • the energy recovery loop 8 makes it possible to recover calories to heat the DHW, wherever possible and in particular at the level of cold groups (air conditioning, refrigerator, etc.) or even solar panels.
  • the transfer pump 9 of the second primary circuit 6 is advantageously of variable flow rate to adapt the operation of the second primary circuit 6 to the DHW requirement.
  • the DHW production installation 1 also comprises a recycling module 18 connected between the DHW loop 12 and the first branch 14A of the secondary circuit 11, and comprising a recirculation pump 19 making it possible to take, downstream of said distribution point 15, a portion of the DHW from the DHW outlet of the DHW loop 12 to allow permanent circulation of DHW in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 or the energy recovery exchanger 10, in order to prevent scaling of the DHW heating exchanger 5 and to combat heat losses on the DHW loop 12, but also to send water at 60°C into the energy recovery exchanger 10 to ensure the absence of legionella development therein.
  • the recycling module 18 comprises a non-return valve 20 arranged downstream of said recirculation pump 19 and making it possible to prevent the return of the flow coming from the cold water inlet 13 to said DHW loop 12.
  • the portion of the DHW taken from the DHW outlet can only necessarily circulate in the two energy recovery exchangers 10 and DHW heating exchangers 5, i.e. necessarily in the secondary portion of said energy recovery exchanger 10 and then in the secondary portion of the DHW heating exchanger 5.
  • the recycling module 18 of the present invention be able to circulate the part of the DHW from the DHW outlet only in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10, or only in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, or even in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 then in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10.
  • This configuration is economically interesting, because it allows, during the "DHW loop reheating" operating mode of the DHW production installation 1 described below, to use only the energy from the energy recovery loop 8 to reheat the DHW loop 12.
  • the DHW production installation 1 can operate according to different modes such as, for example, those described below with reference to: Figures 2 to 5 on which only the directions of circulation and the water temperatures are indicated, so as not to overload the said figures. It is understood that the said water temperatures are given for information purposes and are not exhaustive.
  • DHW production installation 1 operates to heat DHW loop 12.
  • this "DHW loop heating" operating mode there is no need to produce domestic hot water because no draw-off point (shower, washbasin, sink, etc.) is drawing.
  • a centralized domestic hot water production system must be able to maintain the temperature of the DHW in DHW loop 12 to ensure that hot water is quickly available at all points in said DHW loop 12, but also to imperatively maintain the DHW in DHW loop 12 at a temperature above 50°C for health reasons, in order to avoid the development of legionellosis.
  • the DHW return temperature is equal to a predetermined minimum temperature typically of the order of 55°C.
  • the purpose of this operating mode is therefore to heat the DHW in said DHW loop 12 from 55°C to 60°C.
  • the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 will take, downstream of said distribution point 15 (i.e. at the DHW outlet), a portion of the DHW at 60°C from the DHW loop 12 and circulate it in the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6.
  • the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 22 is equal to the DHW outlet temperature, namely 60°C.
  • Said energy recovery exchanger 10 then makes it possible to heat the temperature of the water mixture by a few degrees, in the example shown from 60 to 63°C, and thus limit the energy expenditure provided by the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2.
  • transient operating mode is the most delicate operating mode, because it involves having to integrate time delays on the action of certain components of the DHW production installation 1 to guarantee its optimal operation.
  • the water entering the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is indeed a mixture of DHW at 60°C taken by the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 from the DHW outlet of the DHW loop 12 and cold water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network, the temperature of said water mixture being, as a reminder, measured by the second temperature probe 22.
  • the water mixing temperature be as cold as possible.
  • the regulation of the DHW production installation 1 controls the stopping of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18, if the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature probe 22 remains lower than or equal to a set temperature, in the example shown 50°C, for a predetermined period of time, of the order of one to three minutes, which means that there is a real draw of DHW at the level of the DHW loop 12.
  • the water mixture temperature is normally at 60°C, but in the presence of a real draw of DHW, this temperature of the water mixture begins to drop with the arrival of water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network.
  • the regulation considers that there is a real draw of DHW and orders the stopping of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18.
  • the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "draw" operating mode and the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 then only receives cold water at 10°C, which makes it possible to achieve a significant heat exchange and therefore to promote energy recovery.
  • the quantity of energy recovered depends on several parameters such as the DHW draw flow rate at the DHW loop 12, the temperature of the water entering the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10 measured by the third temperature probe 23 and the flow rate of the transfer pump 9 of the second primary circuit 6.
  • the DHW production installation 1 when the DHW draw at the DHW loop 12 stops, the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "draw stop" operating mode for which there is no longer any water supply at 10°C from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network, the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 being stopped since the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 22 is still less than or equal to 50°C.
  • the flow rate of water circulating in the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2 and the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is then zero and the DHW loop 12 is therefore not maintained at temperature.
  • the regulation controls the restarting of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 to reheat the DHW loop 12, the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the “DHW loop reheating” operating mode described above.
  • the flow rate of cold water entering the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is greater than the flow rate of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18.
  • the pressure of the water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network is greater than the manometric height of said recirculation pump 19, which has the consequence of causing the latter to run at zero flow rate.
  • the regulation of the DHW production installation 1 then controls the stopping of the recirculation pump 19. recirculation 19 of the recycling module 1, since conventionally the pumps are not designed to operate at zero flow, and the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "drawing" operating mode described above.
  • the DHW production installation 1 allows, thanks to energy recovery and adapted regulation, both the reheating of the DHW loop 12 and the preheating of the water coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network. It goes without saying that the quantity of energy recovered is variable and depends on the type of energy recovery loop 8.
  • the second primary circuit 6 be configured so that the hot water coming from the energy recovery loop 8 and entering the primary part of an energy recovery exchanger 10 is always at a temperature strictly higher than that of the water from the DHW loop 12 taken by the recycling module 18, i.e. that of the DHW outlet, to avoid any cooling of the DHW, in particular during the "DHW loop reheating" operating mode described above and to use only the energy from the energy recovery loop 8 to reheat the DHW loop 12.
  • this DHW production installation 1 can be adapted and used for other types of buildings such as, for example, hotels or high schools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Description

Domaine technique de l'inventionTechnical field of the invention

La présente invention concerne le domaine général de la production d'eau chaude sanitaire (ECS). L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une installation de production d'ECS intégrant une récupération d'énergie.The present invention relates to the general field of domestic hot water (DHW) production. The invention relates more particularly to a DHW production installation integrating energy recovery.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Dans le domaine des installations de production d'ECS intégrant une récupération d'énergie, on connaît déjà des installations munies de préparateur d'ECS de type instantané étant mis en place sur la boucle d'ECS, comprenant notamment des échangeurs thermiques et permettant de délivrer de l'eau chaude sanitaire à 60°C.In the field of DHW production installations integrating energy recovery, we already know of installations equipped with an instantaneous DHW heater installed on the DHW loop, including in particular heat exchangers and making it possible to deliver domestic hot water at 60°C.

Pour réaliser des économies d'énergies, un échangeur de préchauffage peut, selon une première variante de réalisation, être placé en amont de l'entrée d'eau froide dans ledit préparateur d'ECS. Cet échangeur de préchauffage récupère des calories avec de l'énergie non valorisée sur un autre équipement tel que, par exemple, un groupe frigorifique, une chaudière solaire, ou encore un échangeur vapeur. Cet échangeur de préchauffage transmet les calories normalement perdues à l'eau froide et préchauffe ainsi l'eau de plusieurs degrés. Ces degrés récupérés représentent une économie d'énergie pour le préparateur d'ECS, dont la consigne est de 60°C.To achieve energy savings, a preheating exchanger can, according to a first embodiment, be placed upstream of the cold water inlet in said DHW heater. This preheating exchanger recovers calories with energy not recovered on other equipment such as, for example, a refrigeration unit, a solar boiler, or a steam exchanger. This preheating exchanger transmits the calories normally lost to the cold water and thus preheats the water by several degrees. These recovered degrees represent an energy saving for the DHW heater, the setpoint of which is 60°C.

Selon une seconde variante de réalisation, l'échangeur de préchauffage associé à une récupération d'énergie est disposé dans la boucle d'ECS afin de réchauffer cette dernière de 55°C à 60°C. Cette configuration est intéressante car le maintien en température de la boucle d'ECS représente en moyenne 60 à 70% de la dépense énergétique sur l'ECS. Il est donc intéressant de réchauffer la boucle d'ECS grâce à de l'énergie récupérée.According to a second embodiment, the preheating exchanger associated with energy recovery is arranged in the DHW loop in order to heat the latter from 55°C to 60°C. This configuration is interesting because maintaining the temperature of the DHW loop represents on average 60 to 70% of the energy expenditure on the DHW. It is therefore interesting to heat the DHW loop using recovered energy.

Ces types connus d'installations sont certes efficace, mais ils présentent l'inconvénient majeur de ne pouvoir préchauffer, avec de l'énergie récupérer, que l'eau froide entrant dans le préparateur d'ECS ou que la boucle d'ECS, ce qui a pour effet de limiter la quantité d'énergie récupérée. Pour pouvoir préchauffer, avec de l'énergie récupérer, l'eau froide entrant dans le préparateur d'ECS et la boucle d'ECS, il est nécessaire de mettre en place deux échangeurs de préchauffage associés chacun à une récupération d'énergie, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter de manière significative le coût de l'installation de production d'ECS.These known types of installations are certainly efficient, but they have the major drawback of only being able to preheat, with recovered energy, the cold water entering the DHW tank or the DHW loop, which has the effect of limiting the quantity of energy recovered. In order to be able to preheat, with recovered energy, the cold water entering the DHW tank and the DHW loop, it is necessary to set up two preheating exchangers each associated with a energy recovery, which has the effect of significantly increasing the cost of the DHW production installation.

On connaît également des installations de productions d'ECS telles que celle décrite dans la demande de brevet européen EP 3 450 859 , ces installations étant efficaces mais pas assez économiques.ECS production installations such as that described in the European patent application are also known. EP 3 450 859 , these installations being efficient but not economical enough.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est donc de pallier les inconvénients précédemment cités en proposant une installation de production d'ECS économique, de conception simple et facile à mettre en oeuvre, intégrant un préchauffage de l'ECS et étant capable d'utiliser une quantité maximale d'énergie récupérée afin de réduire sa consommation énergétique.The aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above by proposing an economical DHW production installation, of simple design and easy to implement, integrating DHW preheating and being capable of using a maximum quantity of recovered energy in order to reduce its energy consumption.

Conformément à l'invention, il est donc proposé une installation de production d'eau chaude sanitaire (ECS) comprenant au moins :

  • un échangeur de chauffage ECS et un échangeur de récupération d'énergie
  • un premier circuit primaire comportant un dispositif de production d'eau chaude permettant de faire circuler de l'eau chaude provenant de ce dernier dans la partie primaire dudit échangeur de chauffage ECS,
  • un deuxième circuit primaire permettant de faire circuler l'eau chaude provenant d'une boucle de récupération d'énergie vers la partie primaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie, et de boucler sur celui-ci,
  • un circuit secondaire comportant une boucle d'ECS et une entrée d'eau froide, l'eau provenant de cette dernière passant dans la partie secondaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie, via une première branche dudit circuit secondaire, puis dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS, avant d'être distribuée dans ladite boucle d'ECS à un point de distribution,
  • une régulation configurée pour permettre audit échangeur de récupération d'énergie de réchauffer la boucle d'ECS et/ou de préchauffer de l'eau provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide, et
  • un module de recyclage raccordé entre une zone de la boucle d'ECS située en aval dudit point de distribution, nommée départ ECS, et ladite première branche, et comprenant une pompe de recirculation permettant de prélever une partie de l'ECS du départ ECS et de la faire circuler nécessairement dans la partie secondaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie puis dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS, ladite installation étant remarquable en ce que la régulation et le deuxième circuit primaire sont configurés pour que l'eau chaude provenant de la boucle de récupération d'énergie et entrant dans la partie primaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie soit à une température strictement supérieure à celle du départ ECS.
In accordance with the invention, there is therefore proposed a domestic hot water (DHW) production installation comprising at least:
  • a DHW heating exchanger and an energy recovery exchanger
  • a first primary circuit comprising a hot water production device enabling hot water from the latter to circulate in the primary part of said DHW heating exchanger,
  • a second primary circuit for circulating hot water from an energy recovery loop to the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger, and looping back on it,
  • a secondary circuit comprising a DHW loop and a cold water inlet, the water from the latter passing into the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger, via a first branch of said secondary circuit, then into the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger, before being distributed into said DHW loop at a distribution point,
  • a regulation configured to allow said energy recovery exchanger to reheat the DHW loop and/or to preheat water from the cold water inlet, and
  • a recycling module connected between a zone of the DHW loop located downstream of said distribution point, called the DHW outlet, and said first branch, and comprising a recirculation pump making it possible to take part of the DHW from the DHW outlet and to necessarily circulate it in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger then in the secondary part of the heat exchanger. DHW heating, said installation being remarkable in that the regulation and the second primary circuit are configured so that the hot water coming from the energy recovery loop and entering the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger is at a temperature strictly higher than that of the DHW outlet.

Ledit module de recyclage comprend avantageusement un clapet anti-retour disposé en aval de ladite pompe de recirculation et permettant d'interdire le retour d'un débit d'eau provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide vers ladite boucle d'ECS.Said recycling module advantageously comprises a non-return valve arranged downstream of said recirculation pump and making it possible to prevent the return of a flow of water coming from the cold water inlet to said DHW loop.

De manière avantageuse, la pompe de recirculation du module de recyclage est à débit variable.Advantageously, the recirculation pump of the recycling module has a variable flow rate.

La régulation est de préférence associée à au moins :

  • une première sonde de température donnant la température du départ ECS dans la boucle d'ECS,
  • une deuxième sonde de température donnant la température du mélange d'eau à l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide et/ou du module de recyclage, et
  • une troisième sonde température donnant la température de l'eau entrant dans ladite partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie, ladite régulation étant configurée pour commander en fonction des modes de fonctionnement de l'installation :
  • l'arrêt d'une pompe de transfert du deuxième circuit primaire si la température mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température est supérieure à celle mesurée par la troisième sonde de température, ou
  • l'arrêt de la pompe de recirculation si la température mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température est inférieure à une température de consigne pendant un lapse de temps prédéterminé, ou
  • la mise en route de la pompe de recirculation si la température mesurée par la première sonde de température est inférieure ou égale à une température minimale prédéterminée.
Regulation is preferably associated with at least:
  • a first temperature probe giving the temperature of the DHW outlet in the DHW loop,
  • a second temperature probe giving the temperature of the water mixture at the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger coming from the cold water inlet and/or the recycling module, and
  • a third temperature probe giving the temperature of the water entering said primary part of the energy recovery exchanger, said regulation being configured to control according to the operating modes of the installation:
  • stopping a transfer pump of the second primary circuit if the temperature measured by the second temperature probe is higher than that measured by the third temperature probe, or
  • stopping the recirculation pump if the temperature measured by the second temperature probe is below a set temperature for a predetermined period of time, or
  • starting the recirculation pump if the temperature measured by the first temperature probe is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum temperature.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, la première sonde de température est disposée à l'aval dudit point de distribution, la deuxième sonde de température est disposée entre l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie et le raccord du module de recyclage, et la troisième sonde température est disposée à l'entrée de la partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie.According to an advantageous embodiment, the first temperature probe is arranged downstream of said distribution point, the second temperature probe is arranged between the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger and the connection of the recycling module, and the third temperature probe is arranged at the inlet of the primary part of the energy recovery exchanger.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre d'un mode d'exécution de l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • [Fig 1] est une vue schématique d'une installation de production d'ECS conforme à l'invention,
  • [Fig 2] est une vue schématique d'une installation de production d'ECS de la figure 1 selon le mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage boucle d'ECS" avec recyclage sans tirage ECS,
  • [Fig 3] est une vue schématique d'une installation de production d'ECS de la figure 1 selon le mode de fonctionnement "transitoire" avec tirage ECS et recyclage,
  • [Fig 4] est une vue schématique d'une installation de production d'ECS de la figure 1 selon le mode de fonctionnement "tirage" avec tirage ECS et sans recyclage,
  • [Fig 5] est une vue schématique d'une installation de production d'ECS de la figure 1 selon le mode de fonctionnement "arrêt du tirage" sans tirage ECS et sans recyclage,
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the following description of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • [ Fig 1 ] is a schematic view of a DHW production installation in accordance with the invention,
  • [ Fig 2 ] is a schematic view of a DHW production facility of the figure 1 according to the operating mode "DHW loop reheating" with recycling without DHW draw,
  • [ Fig 3 ] is a schematic view of a DHW production facility of the figure 1 according to the “transient” operating mode with DHW draw and recycling,
  • [ Fig 4 ] is a schematic view of a DHW production facility of the figure 1 according to the “drawing” operating mode with DHW drawing and without recycling,
  • [ Fig 5 ] is a schematic view of a DHW production facility of the figure 1 according to the operating mode "stop drawing" without DHW drawing and without recycling,

Description des modes de réalisationDescription of the embodiments

En référence à la figure 1 et conformément à l'invention, on a représenté schématiquement une installation 1 de production d'eau chaude sanitaire, désignée ci-après par ECS, comprenant au moins :

  • un premier circuit primaire 2, délimité par un trait mixte sur la figure 1, comportant un dispositif de production d'eau chaude 3, tel que par exemple une chaudière à gaz, et une pompe 4, avantageusement une double pompe, permettant de faire circuler de l'eau chaude provenant dudit dispositif de production d'eau chaude 3 dans la partie primaire d'un premier échangeur thermique 5, nommé ci-après échangeur de chauffage ECS 5,
  • un deuxième circuit primaire 6, délimité par des pointillés sur la figure 1, comportant avantageusement un ballon de stockage 7 de l'eau provenant d'une boucle de récupération d'énergie 8, et une pompe de transfert 9 permettant de faire circuler l'eau chaude provenant dudit ballon de stockage 7 vers la partie primaire d'un deuxième échangeur 10, nommé ci-après échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, et de boucler sur celui-ci,
  • un circuit secondaire 11 comportant une boucle d'ECS 12 et une entrée d'eau froide 13, provenant classiquement du réseau d'eau de ville (EV), l'eau provenant de cette dernière passant, via une première branche 14A dudit circuit secondaire 11, d'abord dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 pour être préchauffée, puis, via une deuxième branche 14B dudit circuit secondaire 11, dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2 pour arriver à la température de départ réglementaire de l'ECS, avant d'être distribuée, par une troisième branche 14C dudit circuit secondaire 11, dans ladite boucle d'ECS 12 à un point de distribution 15.
In reference to the figure 1 and in accordance with the invention, there is shown schematically an installation 1 for producing domestic hot water, hereinafter referred to as ECS, comprising at least:
  • a first primary circuit 2, delimited by a mixed line on the figure 1 , comprising a hot water production device 3, such as for example a gas boiler, and a pump 4, advantageously a double pump, making it possible to circulate hot water coming from said hot water production device 3 in the primary part of a first heat exchanger 5, hereinafter called DHW heating exchanger 5,
  • a second primary circuit 6, delimited by dotted lines on the figure 1 , advantageously comprising a storage tank 7 for water coming from an energy recovery loop 8, and a transfer pump 9 for circulating the hot water coming from said storage tank 7 to the primary part of a second exchanger 10, hereinafter referred to as energy recovery exchanger 10, and looping thereon,
  • a secondary circuit 11 comprising a DHW loop 12 and a cold water inlet 13, conventionally coming from the city water network (CW), the water coming from the latter passing, via a first branch 14A of said secondary circuit 11, first into the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 to be preheated, then, via a second branch 14B of said secondary circuit 11, into the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2 to reach the regulatory DHW starting temperature, before being distributed, by a third branch 14C of said secondary circuit 11, into said DHW loop 12 at a distribution point 15.

Avec cette configuration, on comprend bien que l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est monté directement en série sur l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2.With this configuration, it is clear that the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is mounted directly in series on the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2.

On désigne ici par "monté directement en série" le fait qu'aucun autre équipement n'est raccordé sur la deuxième branche 14B dudit circuit secondaire 11 disposé entre l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 et l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2.Here, the term "mounted directly in series" means that no other equipment is connected to the second branch 14B of said secondary circuit 11 arranged between the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 and the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2.

On désigne ici par "départ ECS" la zone située de la boucle d'ECS 12 en aval du point de distribution 15 et par "retour ECS" la zone de la boucle d'ECS 12 située en amont dudit point de distribution 15.Here, the term "DHW outlet" refers to the area of the DHW loop 12 located downstream of the distribution point 15 and the term "DHW return" refers to the area of the DHW loop 12 located upstream of said distribution point 15.

On comprend bien que l'installation 1 de production d'ECS pourra ne pas comporter de ballon de stockage 7, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. En effet, en fonction notamment de la taille de l'installation de production d'ECS et/ou du type de la boucle de récupération d'énergie 8, une capacité de stockage ne sera pas obligatoirement nécessaire.It is understood that the DHW production installation 1 may not include a storage tank 7, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Indeed, depending in particular on the size of the DHW production installation and/or the type of the energy recovery loop 8, a storage capacity will not necessarily be necessary.

Les première, deuxième et troisième branches 14A, 14B et 14C du circuit secondaire 11 sont respectivement disposées entre l'entrée d'eau froide 13 et l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, entre la sortie de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 et l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5, et entre la sortie de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 et le point de distribution 15 sur la boucle d'ECS 12.The first, second and third branches 14A, 14B and 14C of the secondary circuit 11 are respectively arranged between the cold water inlet 13 and the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, between the outlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 and the inlet of the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, and between the outlet of the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 and the distribution point 15 on the DHW loop 12.

Le premier circuit primaire 2 comporte, en outre, une vanne mélangeuse 16 à trois voies disposée entre la sortie du dispositif de production d'eau chaude 3 et l'entrée de la partie primaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5, et gérant la puissance utile de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 en faisant recirculer, via la branche 17, en plus ou moins grande proportion, une partie de l'eau provenant de la sortie de la partie primaire dudit échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 sur lui-même, de sorte à faire varier la température de l'eau à l'entrée de ladite partie primaire dudit échangeur de chauffage ECS 5.The first primary circuit 2 further comprises a three-way mixing valve 16 arranged between the outlet of the hot water production device 3 and the inlet of the primary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, and managing the useful power of the DHW heating exchanger 5 by recirculating, via the branch 17, in greater or lesser proportion, a portion of the water coming from the outlet of the primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5 on itself, so as to vary the temperature of the water at the inlet of said primary part of said DHW heating exchanger 5.

La boucle de récupération d'énergie 8 permet de récupérer des calories pour chauffer l'ECS, partout où cela est possible et notamment au niveau de groupes froids (Climatisation, frigo...) ou encore de panneaux solaires.The energy recovery loop 8 makes it possible to recover calories to heat the DHW, wherever possible and in particular at the level of cold groups (air conditioning, refrigerator, etc.) or even solar panels.

La pompe de transfert 9 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est avantageusement à débit variable pour adapter le fonctionnement du deuxième circuit primaire 6 au besoin en ECS.The transfer pump 9 of the second primary circuit 6 is advantageously of variable flow rate to adapt the operation of the second primary circuit 6 to the DHW requirement.

L'installation 1 de production d'ECS selon l'invention comporte également un module de recyclage 18 raccordé entre la boucle d'ECS 12 et la première branche 14A du circuit secondaire 11, et comprenant une pompe de recirculation 19 permettant de prélever, en aval dudit point de distribution 15, une partie de l'ECS du départ ECS de la boucle d'ECS 12 pour permettre une circulation permanente d'ECS dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 ou de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, afin d'éviter l'entartrage de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 et de combattre les pertes thermiques sur la boucle d'ECS 12, mais également pour envoyer de l'eau à 60°C dans l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 pour assurer l'absence de développement de légionnelles dans celui-ci.The DHW production installation 1 according to the invention also comprises a recycling module 18 connected between the DHW loop 12 and the first branch 14A of the secondary circuit 11, and comprising a recirculation pump 19 making it possible to take, downstream of said distribution point 15, a portion of the DHW from the DHW outlet of the DHW loop 12 to allow permanent circulation of DHW in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 or the energy recovery exchanger 10, in order to prevent scaling of the DHW heating exchanger 5 and to combat heat losses on the DHW loop 12, but also to send water at 60°C into the energy recovery exchanger 10 to ensure the absence of legionella development therein.

Par ailleurs, le module de recyclage 18 comprend un clapet anti-retour 20 disposé en aval de ladite pompe de recirculation 19 et permettant d'interdire le retour du débit provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 vers ladite boucle d'ECS 12.Furthermore, the recycling module 18 comprises a non-return valve 20 arranged downstream of said recirculation pump 19 and making it possible to prevent the return of the flow coming from the cold water inlet 13 to said DHW loop 12.

Avec cette configuration spécifique du module de recyclage 18, on comprend bien que la partie de l'ECS prélevée du départ ECS ne peut circuler que nécessairement dans les deux échangeurs de récupération d'énergie 10 et de chauffage ECS 5, c'est-à-dire nécessairement dans la partie secondaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 puis dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5. En aucun cas, le module de recyclage 18 de la présente invention ne pourra faire circuler la partie de l'ECS du départ ECS uniquement dans la partie secondaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, ou uniquement dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5, ou encore dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 puis dans la partie secondaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10.With this specific configuration of the recycling module 18, it is clear that the portion of the DHW taken from the DHW outlet can only necessarily circulate in the two energy recovery exchangers 10 and DHW heating exchangers 5, i.e. necessarily in the secondary portion of said energy recovery exchanger 10 and then in the secondary portion of the DHW heating exchanger 5. In no case will the recycling module 18 of the present invention be able to circulate the part of the DHW from the DHW outlet only in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10, or only in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, or even in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5 then in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10.

Cette configuration est économiquement intéressante, car elle permet, lors du mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage boucle d'ECS" de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS décrit plus loin, de n'utiliser qu'uniquement l'énergie de la boucle de récupération d'énergie 8 pour réchauffer la boucle d'ECS 12.This configuration is economically interesting, because it allows, during the "DHW loop reheating" operating mode of the DHW production installation 1 described below, to use only the energy from the energy recovery loop 8 to reheat the DHW loop 12.

En outre, pour garantir un fonctionnement optimal, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS comprend une régulation, non représentée, avantageusement associée avec au moins :

  • une première sonde de température 21 disposée à l'aval du point de distribution 15 sur ladite boucle d'ECS 12 donnant la température du départ ECS dans la boucle d'ECS 12,
  • une deuxième sonde de température 22 disposée à l'amont de l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, de préférence entre cette dernière et ledit module de recyclage 18, et donnant la température du mélange d'eau à l'entrée de la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 et/ou du module de recyclage 18,
  • une troisième sonde température 23 disposée à l'entrée de la partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, avantageusement entre cette dernière et le ballon de stockage 7 de l'eau provenant d'une boucle de récupération d'énergie 8, et donnant la température de l'eau entrant dans ladite partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, et éventuellement
  • une quatrième sonde température 24 disposée à la sortie de la partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10, avantageusement entre cette dernière et le ballon de stockage 7 de l'eau provenant d'une boucle de récupération d'énergie 8, et donnant la température de l'eau sortant de ladite partie primaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10.
Furthermore, to ensure optimal operation, the DHW production installation 1 includes a regulation, not shown, advantageously associated with at least:
  • a first temperature probe 21 arranged downstream of the distribution point 15 on said DHW loop 12 giving the temperature of the DHW outlet in the DHW loop 12,
  • a second temperature probe 22 arranged upstream of the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, preferably between the latter and said recycling module 18, and giving the temperature of the water mixture at the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 coming from the cold water inlet 13 and/or the recycling module 18,
  • a third temperature probe 23 arranged at the inlet of the primary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, advantageously between the latter and the storage tank 7 for the water coming from an energy recovery loop 8, and giving the temperature of the water entering said primary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, and possibly
  • a fourth temperature probe 24 arranged at the outlet of the primary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10, advantageously between the latter and the storage tank 7 for the water coming from an energy recovery loop 8, and giving the temperature of the water leaving said primary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10.

On comprend bien que les températures mesurées par les troisième et quatrième sondes température 23, 24 permettent de pour calculer la quantité d'énergie récupérée et ainsi quantifier le taux de récupération d'énergie récupérée sur la consommation totale de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS conforme à l'invention.It is clear that the temperatures measured by the third and fourth temperature probes 23, 24 make it possible to calculate the quantity of energy recovered and thus quantify the rate of recovery of energy recovered from the total consumption of the DHW production installation 1 in accordance with the invention.

Avec cette configuration, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS conforme à l'invention peut fonctionner selon les différents modes tels que, par exemple, ceux décrits ci-après en référence aux figures 2 à 5 sur lesquelles sont indiqués seulement les sens de circulation et les températures de l'eau, afin de ne pas surcharger lesdites figures. On comprend bien que lesdites températures de l'eau sont données à titre indicatif et non limitatif.With this configuration, the DHW production installation 1 according to the invention can operate according to different modes such as, for example, those described below with reference to: Figures 2 to 5 on which only the directions of circulation and the water temperatures are indicated, so as not to overload the said figures. It is understood that the said water temperatures are given for information purposes and are not exhaustive.

Ainsi, en référence aux figures 1 et 2, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS fonctionne pour réchauffer la boucle d'ECS 12. Selon ce mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage boucle d'ECS", il n'y a pas besoin de produire de l'eau chaude sanitaire car aucun point de puisage (douche, lavabo, évier, etc...) n'est en tirage. Cependant, une production d'eau chaude sanitaire centralisée doit pouvoir maintenir la température de l'ECS dans la boucle d'ECS 12 pour s'assurer d'avoir rapidement de l'eau chaude en tout point de ladite boucle d'ECS 12, mais également pour impérativement maintenir l'ECS de la boucle d'ECS 12 à une température supérieure à 50°C pour des raisons sanitaires, afin d'éviter le développement de la légionellose.So, with reference to the Figures 1 and 2 , DHW production installation 1 operates to heat DHW loop 12. According to this "DHW loop heating" operating mode, there is no need to produce domestic hot water because no draw-off point (shower, washbasin, sink, etc.) is drawing. However, a centralized domestic hot water production system must be able to maintain the temperature of the DHW in DHW loop 12 to ensure that hot water is quickly available at all points in said DHW loop 12, but also to imperatively maintain the DHW in DHW loop 12 at a temperature above 50°C for health reasons, in order to avoid the development of legionellosis.

L'eau circulant dans la boucle d'ECS 12 subit au cours de son trajet des déperditions thermiques. Ainsi, pour une température de départ ECS de 60°C, la température du retour ECS est égale à une température minimale prédéterminée classiquement de l'ordre de 55°C. Le but de ce mode de fonctionnement est donc de réchauffer l'ECS de ladite boucle d'ECS 12 de 55°C à 60°C.The water circulating in the DHW loop 12 undergoes heat losses during its journey. Thus, for a DHW flow temperature of 60°C, the DHW return temperature is equal to a predetermined minimum temperature typically of the order of 55°C. The purpose of this operating mode is therefore to heat the DHW in said DHW loop 12 from 55°C to 60°C.

Pour cela, la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 va prélever, en aval dudit point de distribution 15 (c'est-à-dire au niveau du départ ECS), une partie de l'ECS à 60°C de la boucle d'ECS 12 et le faire circuler dans l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6. Dans cette configuration, la température de mélange d'eau mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température 22 est égale à la température de départ ECS, à savoir 60°C. Ledit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 permet alors de réchauffer la température du mélange d'eau de quelques degrés, dans l'exemple représenté de 60 à 63°C, et ainsi limiter la dépense d'énergie apportée par l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2. Toutefois, on comprend bien que si la température du mélange d'eau entrant dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est inférieure à la température de l'eau entrant dans la partie primaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 mesurée par la troisième sonde température 23, dans l'exemple représenté égale à 70°C, alors la pompe de transfert 9 fonctionne, sinon la régulation commande l'arrêt de cette dernière.To do this, the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 will take, downstream of said distribution point 15 (i.e. at the DHW outlet), a portion of the DHW at 60°C from the DHW loop 12 and circulate it in the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6. In this configuration, the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 22 is equal to the DHW outlet temperature, namely 60°C. Said energy recovery exchanger 10 then makes it possible to heat the temperature of the water mixture by a few degrees, in the example shown from 60 to 63°C, and thus limit the energy expenditure provided by the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2. However, it is understood that if the temperature of the water mixture entering the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is lower than the temperature of the water entering the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10 measured by the third temperature probe 23, in the example shown equals 70°C, then the transfer pump 9 operates, otherwise the regulation controls the latter to stop.

De même, en référence aux figures 1 et 3 à 5, on décrit ci-après les différents de fonctionnement de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS lors d'un tirage d'ECS au niveau de la boucle d'ECS 12.Similarly, with reference to the figures 1 And 3 to 5 , the different operating modes of the DHW production installation 1 are described below when drawing DHW from DHW loop 12.

Tout d'abord, sur la figure 3, on a représenté un mode de fonctionnement "transitoire" entre le mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage de boucle d'ECS 12" décrit précédemment et le mode de fonctionnement "tirage" décrit ci-après. Ce mode fonctionnement transitoire est le mode de fonctionnement le plus délicat, car il implique de devoir intégrer des temporisations sur l'action de certains organes de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS pour garantir son fonctionnement optimal.First of all, on the figure 3 , a "transient" operating mode has been shown between the "DHW loop reheating 12" operating mode described previously and the "drawing" operating mode described below. This transient operating mode is the most delicate operating mode, because it involves having to integrate time delays on the action of certain components of the DHW production installation 1 to guarantee its optimal operation.

Dans ce mode de fonctionnement "transitoire", l'eau entrant dans la partie secondaire de l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est bien un mélange d'ECS à 60°C prélevée par la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 sur le départ ECS de la boucle d'ECS 12 et d'eau froide à 10°C provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 du réseau d'EV, la température dudit mélange d'eau étant pour rappel mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température 22.In this "transient" operating mode, the water entering the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is indeed a mixture of DHW at 60°C taken by the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 from the DHW outlet of the DHW loop 12 and cold water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network, the temperature of said water mixture being, as a reminder, measured by the second temperature probe 22.

Pour favoriser la récupération d'énergie par l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6, il est préférable que la température de mélange d'eau soit la plus froide possible. Pour cela, la régulation de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS commande l'arrêt de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18, si la température de mélange d'eau mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température 22 reste inférieure ou égale à une température de consigne, dans l'exemple représenté 50°C, pendant un lapse de temps prédéterminé, de l'ordre d'une à trois minutes, ce qui signifie qu'il y a un vrai tirage d'ECS au niveau de la boucle d'ECS 12. En effet, avec le fonctionnement de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 et en l'absence de tirage d'ECS, la température de mélange d'eau est normalement à 60°C, mais en présence d'un tirage réel d'ECS, cette température du mélange d'eau commence à baisser avec l'arrivée d'eau à 10°C provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 du réseau d'EV. Une fois la température de mélange d'eau inférieure ou égale à 50°C pendant un certain temps, la régulation considère qu'il y a un réel tirage d'ECS commande l'arrêt de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18.To promote energy recovery by the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6, it is preferable that the water mixing temperature be as cold as possible. For this, the regulation of the DHW production installation 1 controls the stopping of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18, if the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature probe 22 remains lower than or equal to a set temperature, in the example shown 50°C, for a predetermined period of time, of the order of one to three minutes, which means that there is a real draw of DHW at the level of the DHW loop 12. Indeed, with the operation of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 and in the absence of DHW draw, the water mixture temperature is normally at 60°C, but in the presence of a real draw of DHW, this temperature of the water mixture begins to drop with the arrival of water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network. Once the water mixture temperature is less than or equal to 50°C for a certain time, the regulation considers that there is a real draw of DHW and orders the stopping of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18.

A ce stade, en référence à la figure 4, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS fonctionne alors selon le mode de fonctionnement "tirage" et l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 ne reçoit alors plus que de l'eau froide à 10°C, ce qui permet de réaliser un échange thermique important et donc de favoriser la récupération d'énergie. On comprend bien que la quantité d'énergie récupérée dépend de plusieurs paramètres tel que le débit de tirage d'ECS au niveau de la boucle d'ECS 12, la température de l'eau entrant dans la partie primaire dudit échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 mesurée par la troisième sonde température 23 et le débit de la pompe de transfert 9 du deuxième circuit primaire 6.At this stage, with reference to the figure 4 , the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "draw" operating mode and the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 then only receives cold water at 10°C, which makes it possible to achieve a significant heat exchange and therefore to promote energy recovery. It is understood that the quantity of energy recovered depends on several parameters such as the DHW draw flow rate at the DHW loop 12, the temperature of the water entering the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger 10 measured by the third temperature probe 23 and the flow rate of the transfer pump 9 of the second primary circuit 6.

Enfin, en référence à la figure 5, lorsque le tirage d'ECS au niveau de la boucle d'ECS 12 s'arrête, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS fonctionne alors selon le mode de fonctionnement "arrêt du tirage" pour lequel il n'y a plus d'arrivée d'eau à 10°C provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 du réseau d'EV, la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 étant à l'arrêt puisque la température de mélange d'eau mesurée par la deuxième sonde de température 22 est toujours inférieure ou égale à 50°C. Le débit d'eau circulant dans l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2 et l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est alors nul et la boucle d'ECS 12 n'est donc pas maintenue en température. Lorsque la première sonde de température 21 mesure une température du départ ECS dans la boucle d'ECS 12 inférieure ou égale à la température minimale 55°C, la régulation commande la remise en marche de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 pour réchauffer la boucle d'ECS 12, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS fonctionne ensuite selon le mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage de boucle d'ECS 12" décrit précédemment.Finally, with reference to the figure 5 , when the DHW draw at the DHW loop 12 stops, the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "draw stop" operating mode for which there is no longer any water supply at 10°C from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network, the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 being stopped since the water mixture temperature measured by the second temperature sensor 22 is still less than or equal to 50°C. The flow rate of water circulating in the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2 and the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is then zero and the DHW loop 12 is therefore not maintained at temperature. When the first temperature sensor 21 measures a temperature of the DHW outlet in the DHW loop 12 lower than or equal to the minimum temperature 55°C, the regulation controls the restarting of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 to reheat the DHW loop 12, the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the “DHW loop reheating” operating mode described above.

Dans le cas particulier de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS en mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage de boucle d'ECS 12" et d'un besoin d'ECS maximal (pointe de tirage ECS), le débit d'eau froide entrant dans l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 est supérieur au débit de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18. La pression de l'eau à 10°C provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 du réseau d'EV est plus importante que la hauteur manométrique de ladite pompe de recirculation 19, ce qui a pour conséquence de faire tourner cette dernière à débit nul. Pour des raisons de sécurité, la régulation de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS commande alors l'arrêt de la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 1, puisque de manière classique les pompes ne sont pas conçues pour tourner à débit nul, et l'installation 1 de production d'ECS fonctionne alors selon le mode de fonctionnement "tirage" décrit précédemment.In the particular case of the DHW production installation 1 in the "DHW loop reheating 12" operating mode and a maximum DHW requirement (DHW draw peak), the flow rate of cold water entering the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 is greater than the flow rate of the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18. The pressure of the water at 10°C coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network is greater than the manometric height of said recirculation pump 19, which has the consequence of causing the latter to run at zero flow rate. For safety reasons, the regulation of the DHW production installation 1 then controls the stopping of the recirculation pump 19. recirculation 19 of the recycling module 1, since conventionally the pumps are not designed to operate at zero flow, and the DHW production installation 1 then operates according to the "drawing" operating mode described above.

On comprend bien que grâce sa configuration spécifique de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS selon l'invention, à savoir l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6 monté directement en série sur l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 du premier circuit primaire 2, l'installation 1 de production d'ECS selon l'invention permet, grâce à de la récupération d'énergie et à une régulation adaptée, à la fois le réchauffage de la boucle d'ECS 12 et le préchauffage de l'eau provenant de l'entrée d'eau froide 13 du réseau d'EV. Il va de soi que la quantité d'énergie récupérée est variable et dépend du type de boucle de récupération d'énergie 8.It is well understood that thanks to its specific configuration of the DHW production installation 1 according to the invention, namely the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6 mounted directly in series on the DHW heating exchanger 5 of the first primary circuit 2, the DHW production installation 1 according to the invention allows, thanks to energy recovery and adapted regulation, both the reheating of the DHW loop 12 and the preheating of the water coming from the cold water inlet 13 of the EV network. It goes without saying that the quantity of energy recovered is variable and depends on the type of energy recovery loop 8.

Sur ce dernier point, en référence à la figure 2, il est impératif que le deuxième circuit primaire 6 soit configuré pour que l'eau chaude provenant de la boucle de récupération d'énergie 8 et entrant dans la partie primaire d'un échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 soit toujours à une température strictement supérieure à celle de l'eau de la boucle d'ECS 12 prélevée par le module de recyclage 18, c'est-à-dire celle du départ ECS, pour éviter tout refroidissement de l'ECS, notamment lors du mode de fonctionnement "réchauffage boucle d'ECS" décrit précédemment et utiliser uniquement l'énergie de la boucle de récupération d'énergie 8 pour réchauffer la boucle d'ECS 12.On this last point, with reference to the figure 2 , it is imperative that the second primary circuit 6 be configured so that the hot water coming from the energy recovery loop 8 and entering the primary part of an energy recovery exchanger 10 is always at a temperature strictly higher than that of the water from the DHW loop 12 taken by the recycling module 18, i.e. that of the DHW outlet, to avoid any cooling of the DHW, in particular during the "DHW loop reheating" operating mode described above and to use only the energy from the energy recovery loop 8 to reheat the DHW loop 12.

Par ailleurs, on comprend bien que la pompe de recirculation 19 du module de recyclage 18 est avantageusement à débit variable pour optimiser les échanges thermiques dans l'échangeur de récupération d'énergie 10 du deuxième circuit primaire 6.Furthermore, it is understood that the recirculation pump 19 of the recycling module 18 is advantageously of variable flow rate to optimize the heat exchanges in the energy recovery exchanger 10 of the second primary circuit 6.

On comprend bien que même si la régulation précédemment décrite est simple et efficace, on comprend bien que des méthodes de régulation alternatives toutes aussi fonctionnelles pourront également être mises en oeuvre, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention qui est définie dans les revendications. Ainsi, on pourra utiliser les matériels suivants pour réguler l'installation 1 de production d'ECS selon l'invention :

  • un compteur d'eau électronique ou un débitmètre disposé sur l'arrivée d'eau froide de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5 (c'est-à-dire sur la deuxième branche 14B dudit circuit secondaire 11) pour détecter le mode de fonctionnement "tirage",
  • une pompe électronique à débit variable et mesure de température intégrée pour réguler la pompe de recirculation 19,
  • les première, deuxième, troisième et, le cas échéant, quatrième sondes température 21, 22, 23, 24 positionnées différemment,
  • une vanne à deux voies au lieu de la vanne mélangeuse 16 à trois voies disposée entre la sortie du dispositif de production d'eau chaude 3 et l'entrée de la partie primaire de l'échangeur de chauffage ECS 5, ou encore
  • une pompe à débit variable avec un différentiel de température au lieu de la pompe 4 permettant de faire circuler de l'eau chaude provenant dudit dispositif de production d'eau chaude 3 dans la partie primaire d'un premier échangeur thermique 5, nommé ci-après échangeur de chauffage ECS 5).L'installation 1 de production d'ECS conforme à l'invention trouve une application particulière dans la production d'ECS pour des bâtiments du type, par exemple, cliniques ou hôpitaux.
It is understood that even if the regulation described above is simple and effective, it is understood that alternative regulation methods that are just as functional can also be implemented, without departing from the scope of the present invention which is defined in the claims. Thus, the following equipment can be used to regulate the DHW production installation 1 according to the invention:
  • an electronic water meter or a flow meter arranged on the cold water inlet of the DHW heating exchanger 5 (i.e. on the second branch 14B of said secondary circuit 11) to detect the “draft” operating mode,
  • an electronic pump with variable flow rate and integrated temperature measurement to regulate the recirculation pump 19,
  • the first, second, third and, where applicable, fourth temperature probes 21, 22, 23, 24 positioned differently,
  • a two-way valve instead of the three-way mixing valve 16 arranged between the outlet of the hot water production device 3 and the inlet of the primary part of the DHW heating exchanger 5, or
  • a variable flow pump with a temperature differential instead of the pump 4 for circulating hot water from said hot water production device 3 in the primary part of a first heat exchanger 5, hereinafter referred to as the DHW heating exchanger 5). The DHW production installation 1 according to the invention finds a particular application in the production of DHW for buildings of the type, for example, clinics or hospitals.

Toutefois, il est évident que cette installation 1 de production d'ECS peut être adaptée et utilisée pour d'autres types de bâtiments tels que, par exemple, des hôtels ou des lycées.However, it is obvious that this DHW production installation 1 can be adapted and used for other types of buildings such as, for example, hotels or high schools.

Enfin, il va de soi que les exemples de l'installation 1 de production d'ECS conformes à l'invention qui viennent d'être décrits ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives de l'invention qui est définie dans les revendications.Finally, it goes without saying that the examples of the ECS production installation 1 in accordance with the invention which have just been described are only particular illustrations, in no way limiting the invention which is defined in the claims.

Claims (5)

  1. An installation (1) for producing domestic hot water (DHW) comprising at least:
    - a DHW heating exchanger (5) and an energy recovery exchanger (10),
    - a first primary circuit (2) including a hot water production device (3) allowing to circulate hot water coming from the latter in the primary part of said DHW heating exchanger (5),
    - a second primary circuit (6) allowing to circulate hot water coming from an energy recovery loop (8) towards the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger (10), and to loop thereon,
    - a secondary circuit (11) including a DHW loop (12) and a cold water inlet (13), the water coming from the latter passing into the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger (10), via a first branch (14A) of said secondary circuit (11), then into the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger (5), before being distributed in said DHW loop (12) to a distribution point (15),
    - a regulation configured to allow said energy recovery exchanger (10) to heat the DHW loop (12) and/or to preheat water coming from the cold water inlet (13), and
    - a recycling module (18) connected between an area of the DHW loop (12) located downstream of said distribution point (15), called DHW outlet, and said first branch (14A), and comprising a recirculation pump (19) allowing to take part of the DHW from the DHW outlet and to necessarily circulate it in the secondary part of said energy recovery exchanger (10) then in the secondary part of the DHW heating exchanger (5),
    said installation (1) being characterised in that the regulation and the second primary circuit (6) are configured so that the hot water coming from the energy recovery loop (8) and entering the primary part of said energy recovery exchanger (10) is at a temperature strictly higher than that of the DHW outlet.
  2. The installation (1) according to claim 1 characterised in that the recycling module (18) comprises a check valve (20) disposed downstream of said recirculation pump (19) and allowing to prevent the return of a flow of water coming from the cold water inlet (13) to said DHW loop (12).
  3. The installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterised in that the recirculation pump (19) of the recycling module (18) has a variable flow rate.
  4. The installation (1) according to any one of claims 1 or 2 characterised in that the regulation is associated with at least:
    - a first temperature probe (21) giving the temperature of the DHW outlet in the DHW loop (12),
    - a second temperature probe (22) giving the temperature of the water mixture at the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger (10) coming from the cold water inlet (13) and/or the recycling module (18), and
    - a third temperature probe (23) giving the temperature of the water entering said primary part of the energy recovery exchanger (10), said regulation being configured to control according to the operating modes of the installation (1):
    - stopping a transfer pump (9) of the second primary circuit (6) if the temperature measured by the second temperature probe (22) is higher than that measured by the third temperature probe (23), or
    - stopping the recirculation pump (19) if the temperature measured by the second temperature probe (22) is lower than a setpoint temperature for a predetermined period of time, or
    - starting the recirculation pump (19) if the temperature measured by the first temperature probe (21) is less than or equal to a predetermined minimum temperature.
  5. The installation (1) according to claim 3 characterised in that the first temperature probe (21) is disposed downstream of said distribution point (15), the second temperature probe (22) is disposed between the inlet of the secondary part of the energy recovery exchanger (10) and the connection of the recycling module (18), and the third temperature probe (23) is disposed at the inlet of the primary part of the energy recovery exchanger (10).
EP22181483.3A 2021-06-29 2022-06-28 Facility for producing domestic hot water Active EP4113015B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MA61811A MA61811B1 (en) 2021-06-29 2022-06-28 DOMESTIC HOT WATER PRODUCTION INSTALLATION

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2106960A FR3124582B1 (en) 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 SANITARY HOT WATER PRODUCTION INSTALLATION

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EP4113015A1 EP4113015A1 (en) 2023-01-04
EP4113015B1 true EP4113015B1 (en) 2024-09-11

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Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0675326A1 (en) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-04 Joh. Vaillant GmbH u. Co. Water heating installation providing hot water for heating and washing
FR2976347B1 (en) * 2011-06-08 2013-06-14 Charot Ets METHOD FOR REGULATING A HOT WATER PRODUCTION SYSTEM, REGULATION UNIT AND HOT WATER PRODUCTION SYSTEM
EP3450859B1 (en) * 2017-08-29 2020-09-30 Spirec Facility for producing domestic hot water integrating preheating by recovered energy

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EP4113015A1 (en) 2023-01-04
FR3124582A1 (en) 2022-12-30
MA61811B1 (en) 2024-12-31
FR3124582B1 (en) 2023-12-29

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