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EP4049267A1 - Pickup for stringed instruments - Google Patents

Pickup for stringed instruments

Info

Publication number
EP4049267A1
EP4049267A1 EP20792950.6A EP20792950A EP4049267A1 EP 4049267 A1 EP4049267 A1 EP 4049267A1 EP 20792950 A EP20792950 A EP 20792950A EP 4049267 A1 EP4049267 A1 EP 4049267A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pickup
magnetic field
housing
coil
strings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20792950.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4049267B1 (en
EP4049267C0 (en
Inventor
Stefan Jordan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4049267A1 publication Critical patent/EP4049267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4049267B1 publication Critical patent/EP4049267B1/en
Publication of EP4049267C0 publication Critical patent/EP4049267C0/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G10H3/181—Details of pick-up assemblies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/143—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means characterised by the use of a piezoelectric or magneto-strictive transducer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H3/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means
    • G10H3/12—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument
    • G10H3/14—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means
    • G10H3/18—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar
    • G10H3/183—Instruments in which the tones are generated by electromechanical means using mechanical resonant generators, e.g. strings or percussive instruments, the tones of which are picked up by electromechanical transducers, the electrical signals being further manipulated or amplified and subsequently converted to sound by a loudspeaker or equivalent instrument using mechanically actuated vibrators with pick-up means using a string, e.g. electric guitar in which the position of the pick-up means is adjustable
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/505—Dual coil electrodynamic string transducer, e.g. for humbucking, to cancel out parasitic magnetic fields
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/505—Dual coil electrodynamic string transducer, e.g. for humbucking, to cancel out parasitic magnetic fields
    • G10H2220/511—Stacked, i.e. one coil on top of the other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2220/461—Transducers, i.e. details, positioning or use of assemblies to detect and convert mechanical vibrations or mechanical strains into an electrical signal, e.g. audio, trigger or control signal
    • G10H2220/505—Dual coil electrodynamic string transducer, e.g. for humbucking, to cancel out parasitic magnetic fields
    • G10H2220/515—Staggered, i.e. two coils side by side

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pickup for stringed instruments, consisting of a housing arranged on the body of the instrument below the strings in which at least one magnet surrounded by a coil is arranged, which generates a magnetic field, the coil being electrically connected to at least one amplifier and at least one loudspeaker is connected and wherein current is induced by movements of the strings in the magnetic field in the coil.
  • Amplification or weakening of the magnetic flux between the strings and the pickup result in changes in the output signal of the pickup and thus also in the sound. If tonal changes are desired, however, these have so far only been achieved by a complex exchange of pickups, whereby the desired tonal change may not even be achieved. It is also known that metal covers of magnetic pickups produce a damping effect in higher frequency ranges (caused by eddy currents). Sometimes a cover is therefore dispensed with, or covers with recesses and interruptions are used, or closed metal covers are installed if this damping effect is desired.
  • the object of the invention is now to create a new pickup for stringed instruments with which many different sound images can be realized in a simple manner and without replacing the pickup.
  • Pickup for stringed instruments consisting of a housing arranged on the body of the instrument below the strings in which at least one magnet is arranged, which is surrounded by a coil and generates a magnetic field, the coil being electrically connected to at least one amplifier and at least one loudspeaker and wherein current is induced by movements of the strings in the magnetic field in the coil, characterized in that the pickup has at least one device for influencing the magnetic field of the magnet.
  • the device according to the invention has the significant advantage that the device according to the invention for influencing the magnetic field can be used to quickly implement a large number of possible combinations of amplification and damping and thus many different sound images, and this can even be done while the stringed instrument is in use .
  • the device for influencing the magnetic field is formed from at least one controllable resistor (potentiometer) by means of which the magnetic field and thus the sound of the instrument is changed in a simple manner.
  • the resistance can be regulated manually or electronically.
  • the device for influencing the magnetic field is formed from at least one further permanent magnet, electromagnet or at least one component made of ferromagnetic material, which changes the magnetic field and thus the sound of the instrument by changing its position relative to the first permanent magnet.
  • the sound is advantageously changed in this case without any direct intervention in the existing circuits.
  • This feature is particularly important when using the tube amplifiers, which are still very popular. Additional effects devices are often not used here. These are disadvantageous because they lose or impair the typical, warm, balanced and natural sound character. However, this sound character is fully retained when the invention is used.
  • the object of the invention can also be achieved in that the device for changing the magnetic field is formed from a magnet (25) arranged in a changeable position within the coil (26).
  • an overdrive of the amplifier pre-stage can also be generated or, if present, intensified.
  • overdrive and related effects devices can possibly be dispensed with or their field of application can be expanded with appropriate use of the invention.
  • the invention brings about a considerable expansion of the sound design options, because it enables the production of an instrument with pickup characteristics that can be changed as desired and easily. This considerably simplifies the use of a single instrument for different musical styles.
  • the change in position is caused by a rotation (pivoting) of the further permanent magnet, electromagnet or at least one further component made of ferromagnetic material.
  • the further permanent magnet, electromagnet or ferromagnetic component is adjusted manually, although this can of course also be done electrically.
  • a pickup for the purpose of controlling the damping is designed as a cover of the housing made of electrically conductive material facing the strings of the instrument as a device for continuously changing the opening state.
  • This embodiment has the additional advantage that the changed damping enables further possibilities for changing the sound image.
  • the device for continuously changing the opening state of the lid of the housing can consist of two perforated plates guided on the lid area, having aligned hole patterns, which can be moved relative to one another and can thus achieve different opening states and damping effects.
  • the device for continuously changing the opening state is designed in the manner of a metal lamella roller blind guided on the cover side of the housing, with different opening states and damping effects being achievable through different positions of the lamellae.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of an electric guitar
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a prior art pickup
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial sectional view according to the cut surfaces MI NI in FIG. 1,
  • Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of a further embodiment of a pickup with two electromagnets and Figures 5a-5c representations of a housing cover of a
  • a pickup for stringed instruments is designated as a whole by the reference number 10.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electric guitar 11 in plan view.
  • the electric guitar 11 has a body 12, a neck 13 with a fingerboard 14 and a head plate 15 with adjustment mechanisms 16.
  • Strings 18 are stretched between a web 17 arranged on the body 12, which serves to hold the strings, and the adjustment mechanisms 16.
  • the pickup 10 is arranged in a recess 19 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) in the body 12 and is connected to an amplifier V and a loudspeaker L via a cable 20.
  • connection socket 21 a volume and tone regulator 22 and a pickup actuator 23 are arranged on the body 12.
  • FIG. 1 A prior art pickup A is shown in FIG. It is arranged in a recess B in the body C of an electric guitar.
  • the pickup A consists of a housing D with a cover E, in which a magnet F, which is surrounded by a coil G, is arranged.
  • the strings H run above the lid.
  • the string vibrations in an electric guitar are converted into electrical signals (alternating voltage).
  • electrical signals alternating voltage
  • the movement of the strings H in the magnetic field changes its field strength, and then in the coil G by electromagnetic Induction an alternating voltage with the frequency of the oscillation of the string H is generated.
  • this electrical signal is fed to an amplifier (not shown) and then converted into a loudspeaker signal.
  • FIG 3 a first embodiment of a pickup 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the pickup 10 consists first of all of a housing 24, a magnet 25, a coil 26 surrounding the magnet 25 and a cover 27 of the housing 24.
  • Two permanent magnets 28 are arranged on both sides next to the pickup 10, which are vertically movable in the present case.
  • the position of the additional magnet (s) 28 can be changed continuously via a mechanical pickup actuator 23 or by an electrical pickup actuator 23, which is not shown in detail.
  • the magnetic field that is generated by the pickup 10 can also be continuously increased or decreased, since when the strings 18 move while the electric guitar is being played, an electromagnetic induction of different strengths and thus a changed alternating voltage is generated. This then leads to the different sound images that are advantageous according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 a pickup 10 is shown, which basically corresponds to that of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, but in this case the additional magnets 28 are formed as electromagnets 29 consisting of an iron core and coil, which are also vertically movable. A pivoting or rotation of the electromagnets 29 is also possible here.
  • FIGS. 5a to 5c show an exemplary embodiment of the cover 27 of the housing 24 for the purpose of stepless regulation of the damping.
  • the cover 27 is formed from two covers 30 which can be moved horizontally relative to one another and which each have longitudinal slots 31 offset. Depending on the position of the cover 30 relative to one another, the opening state of the housing 24 can be changed. If the covers 30 are offset from one another, this is the case
  • Housing 24 is completely closed and maximum damping is achieved.
  • the covers 30 have arrangements of holes instead of longitudinal slots 31, or that the device for continuously changing the opening state is designed in the manner of a metal louvre blind guided on the cover side of the housing, with different opening states and damping effects being achievable through different positions of the louvres .

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a pickup for stringed instruments, consisting of a housing, arranged on the body of the instrument beneath the strings, in which at least one magnet surrounded by a coil is arranged that generates a magnetic field, wherein the coil is electrically connected to at least one amplifier and at least one loudspeaker and wherein movements of the strings in the magnetic field induce current in the coil. The problem for the invention is now to provide a novel pickup for stringed instruments that allows many different sounds to be produced easily and without replacing the pickup. The solution to the problem is that the pickup has at least one device for influencing the magnetic field of the magnet.

Description

Tonabnehmer für Saiteninstrumente Pickups for stringed instruments

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Tonabnehmer für Saiteninstrumente, bestehend aus einem am Korpus des Instrumentes unterhalb der Saiten angeordneten Gehäuse in dem mindestens ein von einer Spule umgebender Magnet angeordnet ist, der ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt, wobei die Spule mit wenigstens einem Verstärker und mindestens einem Lautsprecher elektrisch verbunden ist und wobei durch Bewegungen der Saiten in dem magnetischen Feld in der Spule Strom induziert wird. The invention relates to a pickup for stringed instruments, consisting of a housing arranged on the body of the instrument below the strings in which at least one magnet surrounded by a coil is arranged, which generates a magnetic field, the coil being electrically connected to at least one amplifier and at least one loudspeaker is connected and wherein current is induced by movements of the strings in the magnetic field in the coil.

Ein derartiger Tonabnehmer ist aus dem druckschriftlich nicht belegbaren Stand der Technik allgemein bekannt. Grundsätzlich ist es auch beim Stand der Technik so, dass eineSuch a pickup is generally known from the prior art, which cannot be documented in print. In principle, it is also the case with the prior art that a

Verstärkung oder Schwächung des magnetischen Flusses zwischen den Saiten und dem Tonabnehmer Veränderung im Ausgangssignals des Tonabnehmers und damit auch klangliche Veränderung zur Folge haben. Wenn klangliche Änderungen erwünscht sind, werden diese jedoch bislang nur durch einen aufwendigen Austausch von Tonabnehmern bewerkstelligt, wobei dadurch möglicherweise noch nicht einmal die erwünschte klangliche Veränderung erreicht wird. Auch ist es bekannt, dass Metallabdeckungen von Magnettonabnehmer ein Dämpfungseffekt in höheren Frequenzbereichen (hervorgerufen durch Wirbelströme) erzeugen. Bisweilen wird deshalb auf eine Abdeckung verzichtet, oder Abdeckungen mit Aussparungen und Unterbrechungen verwendet beziehungsweise es werden geschlossene Metallabdeckungen verbaut, wenn dieser Dämpfungseffekt erwünscht ist. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht nunmehr darin, einen neuen Tonabnehmer für Saiteninstrumente zu schaffen, mit dem auf einfache Weise und ohne Austausch des Tonabnehmers viele unterschiedliche Klangbilder realisiert werden können. Amplification or weakening of the magnetic flux between the strings and the pickup result in changes in the output signal of the pickup and thus also in the sound. If tonal changes are desired, however, these have so far only been achieved by a complex exchange of pickups, whereby the desired tonal change may not even be achieved. It is also known that metal covers of magnetic pickups produce a damping effect in higher frequency ranges (caused by eddy currents). Sometimes a cover is therefore dispensed with, or covers with recesses and interruptions are used, or closed metal covers are installed if this damping effect is desired. The object of the invention is now to create a new pickup for stringed instruments with which many different sound images can be realized in a simple manner and without replacing the pickup.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den nachfolgenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 : The solution to the problem results from the following features of claim 1:

Tonabnehmer für Saiteninstrumente, bestehend aus einem am Korpus des Instrumentes unterhalb der Saiten angeordneten Gehäuse in dem mindestens ein von einer Spule umgebender Magnet angeordnet ist, der ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt, wobei die Spule mit wenigstens einem Verstärker und mindestens einem Lautsprecher elektrisch verbunden ist und wobei durch Bewegungen der Saiten in dem magnetischen Feld in der Spule Strom induziert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet dass der Tonabnehmer mindestens eine Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des magnetischen Feldes des Magneten aufweist. Pickup for stringed instruments, consisting of a housing arranged on the body of the instrument below the strings in which at least one magnet is arranged, which is surrounded by a coil and generates a magnetic field, the coil being electrically connected to at least one amplifier and at least one loudspeaker and wherein current is induced by movements of the strings in the magnetic field in the coil, characterized in that the pickup has at least one device for influencing the magnetic field of the magnet.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat den wesentlichen Vorteil, dass durch die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des magnetischen Felds auf einfache Weise eine Vielzahl von Kombinationsmöglichkeiten aus Verstärkung und Dämpfung und damit viele verschiedene Klangbilder schnell realisiert werden können, wobei dies sogar gegebenenfalls während der Benutzung des Saiteninstruments geschehen kann. The device according to the invention has the significant advantage that the device according to the invention for influencing the magnetic field can be used to quickly implement a large number of possible combinations of amplification and damping and thus many different sound images, and this can even be done while the stringed instrument is in use .

Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird die Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des magnetischen Feldes aus wenigsten einem regelbaren Widerstand (Potentiometer) bildet, durch den auf einfache Weise das magnetische Feld und damit das Klangbild des Instrumentes verändert wird. Erfindungsgemäß kann der Widerstand (Potentiometer) manuell oder elektronisch geregelt werden. In a solution according to the invention, the device for influencing the magnetic field is formed from at least one controllable resistor (potentiometer) by means of which the magnetic field and thus the sound of the instrument is changed in a simple manner. According to the invention, the resistance (potentiometer) can be regulated manually or electronically.

Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des magnetischen Feldes aus wenigstens einem weiteren Dauermagneten, Elektromagneten bzw. mindestens ein Bauteil aus ferromagnetischem Material gebildet wird der durch Lageveränderung gegenüber dem ersten Dauermagneten das magnetische Feld und damit das Klangbild des Instrumentes verändert. In a further embodiment of the invention, the device for influencing the magnetic field is formed from at least one further permanent magnet, electromagnet or at least one component made of ferromagnetic material, which changes the magnetic field and thus the sound of the instrument by changing its position relative to the first permanent magnet.

Vorteilhafterweise erfolgt hierbei die Veränderung des Klanges ohne jeglichen unmittelbaren Eingriff in die vorhandenen Stromkreise. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung der immer noch sehr beliebten Röhrenverstärker kommt dieses Merkmal zum Tragen. Hier wird oft auf zusätzliche Effektgeräte verzichtet. Diese sind von Nachteil, da durch sie der typische, als warm, ausgewogen und als natürlich geltende Klangcharakter verloren geht oder beeinträchtigt wird. Dieser Klangcharakter bleibt jedoch bei der Anwendung der Erfindung voll erhalten. The sound is advantageously changed in this case without any direct intervention in the existing circuits. This feature is particularly important when using the tube amplifiers, which are still very popular. Additional effects devices are often not used here. These are disadvantageous because they lose or impair the typical, warm, balanced and natural sound character. However, this sound character is fully retained when the invention is used.

Darüber hinaus kann die Aufgabe der Erfindung auch dadurch gelöst werden, dass die Einrichtung zur Veränderung des magnetischen Feldes aus einem innerhalb der Spule (26) lageveränderbar angeordneten Magneten (25) gebildet wird. In addition, the object of the invention can also be achieved in that the device for changing the magnetic field is formed from a magnet (25) arranged in a changeable position within the coil (26).

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, dass gegebenenfalls auch eine Übersteuerung der Verstärkervorstufe erzeugt oder, falls vorhanden, intensiviert werden kann. Dadurch kann eventuell auf Overdrive und artverwandte Effektgeräte verzichtet werden oder deren Einsatzbereich kann sich bei entsprechender Nutzung der Erfindung erweitern. Völlig unabhängig von der verwendeten Verstärkerbauart und zusätzlichen Effektgeräten wird durch die Erfindung eine erhebliche Erweiterung der Klanggestaltungsmöglichkeiten hervorgerufen, weil durch sie die Herstellung eines Instrumentes mit beliebig und einfach veränderbarem Tonabnehmer-Charakteristiken ermöglicht wird. Dadurch wird der Einsatz eines einzigen Instrumentes für verschiedene Musikstile erheblich vereinfacht. It is also advantageous that, if necessary, an overdrive of the amplifier pre-stage can also be generated or, if present, intensified. As a result, overdrive and related effects devices can possibly be dispensed with or their field of application can be expanded with appropriate use of the invention. Completely independent of the amplifier design and additional effect devices used, the invention brings about a considerable expansion of the sound design options, because it enables the production of an instrument with pickup characteristics that can be changed as desired and easily. This considerably simplifies the use of a single instrument for different musical styles.

Meist erfolgt die Lageveränderung des weiteren Dauermagneten, Elektromagneten beziehungsweise mindestens einem Bauteil aus ferromagnetischem Material im rechten Winkel zum Verlauf der Saiten. Usually the change in position of the further permanent magnet, electromagnet or at least one component made of ferromagnetic material takes place at right angles to the course of the strings.

Jedoch ist es auch möglich, dass die Lageveränderung sich aufgrund eines Drehens (Verschwenken) des weiteren Dauermagneten, Elektromagneten beziehungsweise mindestens einem weiteren Bauteil aus ferromagnetischem Material hervorgerufen wird. However, it is also possible that the change in position is caused by a rotation (pivoting) of the further permanent magnet, electromagnet or at least one further component made of ferromagnetic material.

Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, die Magneten beziehungsweise das ferromagnetische Bauteil außerhalb beziehungsweise innerhalb des Gehäuses anzuordnen. There is also the possibility of arranging the magnets or the ferromagnetic component outside or inside the housing.

Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung erfolgt die Verstellung des weiteren Dauermagneten, Elektromagnet beziehungsweise ferromagnetischem Bauteil manuell, wobei selbstverständlich dies auch elektrisch erfolgen kann. In one embodiment of the invention, the further permanent magnet, electromagnet or ferromagnetic component is adjusted manually, although this can of course also be done electrically.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist ein Tonabnehmer zum Zwecke der Steuerung der Dämpfung ein zu den Saiten des Instrumentes weisender Deckel des Gehäuses aus elektrisch leitenden Material als Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes ausgebildet. Diese Ausführungsform hat den zusätzlichen Vorteil, dass durch die veränderte Dämpfung weitere Möglichkeiten der Veränderung des Klangbildes erfolgen können. Die Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes des Deckels des Gehäuses kann einerseits aus zwei am Deckelbereich geführten, fluchtende Lochbilder aufweisende Lochbleche bestehen, die relativ zueinander bewegbar sind und damit unterschiedliche Öffnungszustände sowie Dämpfungseffekte erzielen können. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a pickup for the purpose of controlling the damping is designed as a cover of the housing made of electrically conductive material facing the strings of the instrument as a device for continuously changing the opening state. This embodiment has the additional advantage that the changed damping enables further possibilities for changing the sound image. The device for continuously changing the opening state of the lid of the housing can consist of two perforated plates guided on the lid area, having aligned hole patterns, which can be moved relative to one another and can thus achieve different opening states and damping effects.

Auch ist es möglich, dass die Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes nach Art eines deckelseitig am Gehäuse geführten Metalllamellenrollos ausgebildet ist, wobei durch unterschiedliche Stellungen der Lamellen abweichende Öffnungszustände sowie Dämpfungseffekte erreichbar sind. It is also possible that the device for continuously changing the opening state is designed in the manner of a metal lamella roller blind guided on the cover side of the housing, with different opening states and damping effects being achievable through different positions of the lamellae.

Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen. Further advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen: Show it:

Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine elektrische Gitarre, Figure 1 is a plan view of an electric guitar,

Figur 2 eine Teilschnittdarstellung eines Tonabnehmers nach dem Stand der Technik, Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a prior art pickup,

Figur 3 eine Teil-Schnittdarstellung gemäß Schnittflächen MI NI in Figur 1 , FIG. 3 shows a partial sectional view according to the cut surfaces MI NI in FIG. 1,

Figur 4 Teil-Schnittdarstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines Tonabnehmers mit zwei Elektromagneten und Figuren 5a - 5c Darstellungen eines Gehäusedeckels einesFigure 4 is a partial sectional view of a further embodiment of a pickup with two electromagnets and Figures 5a-5c representations of a housing cover of a

Tonabnehmers in unterschiedlichen Stellungen. Pickups in different positions.

In den Zeichnungen ist ein Tonabnehmer für Saiteninstrumente insgesamt mit der Bezugsziffer 10 bezeichnet. In the drawings, a pickup for stringed instruments is designated as a whole by the reference number 10.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine elektrische Gitarre 11 in der Draufsicht. Die elektrische Gitarre 11 weist einen Korpus 12, einen Hals 13 mit Griffbrett 14 und eine Kopfplatte 15 mit Verstellmechaniken 16 auf. Zwischen einem am Korpus 12 angeordneten Steg 17, der der Saitenhalterung dient, und den Verstellmechaniken 16 sind Saiten 18 gespannt. FIG. 1 shows an electric guitar 11 in plan view. The electric guitar 11 has a body 12, a neck 13 with a fingerboard 14 and a head plate 15 with adjustment mechanisms 16. Strings 18 are stretched between a web 17 arranged on the body 12, which serves to hold the strings, and the adjustment mechanisms 16.

Zwischen dem Steg 17 und dem Hals 13 ist in einer Einsenkung 19 (siehe Figuren 3 und 4) des Korpus 12 der Tonabnehmer 10 angeordnet, der über ein Kabel 20 mit einem Verstärker V und einem Lautsprecher L verbunden ist. Between the web 17 and the neck 13, the pickup 10 is arranged in a recess 19 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) in the body 12 and is connected to an amplifier V and a loudspeaker L via a cable 20.

Letztlich sind auf dem Korpus 12 eine Anschlussbuchse 21 , ein Lautstärke- und Klangregler 22 sowie eine Tonabnehmer-Betätigung 23 angeordnet. Finally, a connection socket 21, a volume and tone regulator 22 and a pickup actuator 23 are arranged on the body 12.

In der Figur 2 ist ein Tonabnehmer A nach dem Stand der Technik dargestellt. Er ist in einer Einsenkung B des Korpus C einer E-Gitarre angeordnet. Der Tonabnehmer A besteht aus einem Gehäuse D mit Deckel E, in dem ein Magnet F angeordnet ist, der von einer Spule G umgeben ist. Oberhalb des Deckels verlaufen die Saiten H. A prior art pickup A is shown in FIG. It is arranged in a recess B in the body C of an electric guitar. The pickup A consists of a housing D with a cover E, in which a magnet F, which is surrounded by a coil G, is arranged. The strings H run above the lid.

Mit Hilfe des aus Dauermagnet F und Spule G bestehenden elektromagnetischen Tonabnehmers A werden die Saitenschwingungen bei einer E-Gitarre in elektrische Signale (Wechselspannung) umgewandelt. Konkret ändert die Bewegung der Saiten H im Magnetfeld dessen Feldstärke, wobei dann in der Spule G durch elektromagnetische Induktion eine Wechselspannung mit der Frequenz der Schwingung der Saite H erzeugt wird. Wie bereits vorne zu Figur 1 beschrieben, wird dieses elektrische Signal einem nicht dargestellten Verstärker zugeleitet und dann in ein Lautsprechersignal umgesetzt. With the help of the electromagnetic pickup A consisting of permanent magnet F and coil G, the string vibrations in an electric guitar are converted into electrical signals (alternating voltage). Specifically, the movement of the strings H in the magnetic field changes its field strength, and then in the coil G by electromagnetic Induction an alternating voltage with the frequency of the oscillation of the string H is generated. As already described above for FIG. 1, this electrical signal is fed to an amplifier (not shown) and then converted into a loudspeaker signal.

In der Figur 3 ist eine erste Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Tonabnehmers 10 dargestellt. Der Tonabnehmer 10 besteht zunächst einmal aus einem Gehäuse 24, einem Magneten 25, einer den Magneten 25 umgebenden Spule 26 sowie einem Deckel 27 des Gehäuses 24. Beidseitig neben dem Tonabnehmer 10 sind zwei Dauermagneten 28 angeordnet, die im vorliegenden Fall vertikal bewegbar sind. In the figure 3 a first embodiment of a pickup 10 according to the invention is shown. The pickup 10 consists first of all of a housing 24, a magnet 25, a coil 26 surrounding the magnet 25 and a cover 27 of the housing 24. Two permanent magnets 28 are arranged on both sides next to the pickup 10, which are vertically movable in the present case.

Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch denkbar, dass bei einer Variation dieser Ausführungsform eine Schwenkung der Dauermagneten 28 erfolgt. In principle, however, it is also conceivable that the permanent magnets 28 are pivoted in a variation of this embodiment.

Die Lage des oder der Zusatzmagneten 28 kann zum einen über eine mechanische Tonabnehmerbetätigung 23 oder auch durch eine elektrische Tonabnehmerbetätigung 23 stufenlos verändert werden, die nicht im Einzelnen dargestellt ist. Dadurch kann des Weiteren stufenlos das Magnetfeld, welches durch den Tonabnehmer 10 erzeugt wird, verstärkt oder verringert werden, da dann bei einer Bewegung der Saiten 18 während des Spielens der E-Gitarre auch eine unterschiedlich starke elektromagnetische Induktion und damit eine veränderte Wechselspannung erzeugt wird. Dies führt dann zu den erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaften, unterschiedlichen Klangbildern. The position of the additional magnet (s) 28 can be changed continuously via a mechanical pickup actuator 23 or by an electrical pickup actuator 23, which is not shown in detail. As a result, the magnetic field that is generated by the pickup 10 can also be continuously increased or decreased, since when the strings 18 move while the electric guitar is being played, an electromagnetic induction of different strengths and thus a changed alternating voltage is generated. This then leads to the different sound images that are advantageous according to the invention.

In der Figur 4 ist ein Tonabnehmer 10 dargestellt, der grundsätzlich dem der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 3 entspricht, jedoch sind in diesem Fall die Zusatzmagnete 28 als aus Eisenkern und Spule bestehende Elektromagnete 29 ausgebildet, die ebenfalls vertikal bewegbar sind. Auch hier ist eine Verschwenkung oder Drehung der Elektromagnete 29 möglich. Letztlich zeigen die Figuren 5a bis 5c eine beispielhafte Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit des Deckels 27 des Gehäuses 24 zum Zweck der stufenlosen Regelung der Dämpfung. Hierbei ist der Deckel 27 aus zwei horizontal gegeneinander bewegbaren Abdeckungen 30 gebildet, die jeweils versetzt Längsschlitze 31 aufweisen. Je nach Stellung der Abdeckung 30 zueinander kann der Öffnungszustand des Gehäuses 24 verändert werden. Bei versetzter Anordnung der Abdeckungen 30 zueinander ist dasIn FIG. 4, a pickup 10 is shown, which basically corresponds to that of the embodiment according to FIG. 3, but in this case the additional magnets 28 are formed as electromagnets 29 consisting of an iron core and coil, which are also vertically movable. A pivoting or rotation of the electromagnets 29 is also possible here. Finally, FIGS. 5a to 5c show an exemplary embodiment of the cover 27 of the housing 24 for the purpose of stepless regulation of the damping. In this case, the cover 27 is formed from two covers 30 which can be moved horizontally relative to one another and which each have longitudinal slots 31 offset. Depending on the position of the cover 30 relative to one another, the opening state of the housing 24 can be changed. If the covers 30 are offset from one another, this is the case

Gehäuse 24 vollständig geschlossen und es wird maximale Dämpfung erreicht. Housing 24 is completely closed and maximum damping is achieved.

Bei fluchtenden Längsschlitzen 31 in beiden Abdeckungen 30 ist das Gehäuse 24 maximal geöffnet und damit die Dämpfung minimal. With aligned longitudinal slots 31 in both covers 30, the housing 24 is opened to the maximum and the damping is thus minimal.

Alternativ ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass die Abdeckungen 30 statt Längsschlitze 31 Lochanordnungen aufweisen oder dass die Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes nach Art eines deckelseitig am Gehäuse geführten Metall-Lamellenrollo ausgebildet ist, wobei durch unterschiedliche Stellungen der Lamellen abweichende Öffnungszustände sowie Dämpfungseffekte erreichbar sind. Alternatively, however, it is also possible that the covers 30 have arrangements of holes instead of longitudinal slots 31, or that the device for continuously changing the opening state is designed in the manner of a metal louvre blind guided on the cover side of the housing, with different opening states and damping effects being achievable through different positions of the louvres .

Bezugszeichenliste List of reference symbols

10 Tonabnehmer 10 pickups

11 E-Gitarre 12 Korpus 11 electric guitar 12 body

13 Hals 13 neck

14 Griffbrett 14 fingerboard

15 Kopfplatte 15 headstock

16 Verstellmechaniken 17 Steg mit Saitenhalterung 16 adjustment mechanisms 17 bridge with string holder

18 Saiten 18 strings

19 Einsenkung 19 sinking

20 Kabel 20 cables

21 Anschlussbuchse 22 Lautstärke- und Klangregler 21 Connection socket 22 Volume and tone controls

23 Tonabnehmerbetätigung 23 Pickup actuation

24 Gehäuse 24 housing

25 Magnet 25 magnet

26 Spule 27 Deckel des Gehäuses 26 coil 27 cover of the housing

28 Dauermagnete, Zusatzmagnete 28 permanent magnets, additional magnets

29 Elektromagnete 29 electromagnets

30 Abdeckungen V Verstärker 30 covers V amplifier

31 Längsschlitze L Lautsprecher _ 31 longitudinal slots L loudspeaker _

A Tonabnehmer A pickup

B Einsenkung B depression

C Korpus C body

D Gehäuse E Deckel D housing E cover

F Magnet F magnet

G Spule H Saiten G coil H strings

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations 1. Tonabnehmer (10) für Saiteninstrumente, bestehend aus einem am Korpus (12) des Instrumentes unterhalb der Saiten (18) angeordneten Gehäuse (24) in dem mindestens ein von einer Spule (26) umgebender Magnet (25) angeordnet ist, der ein magnetisches Feld erzeugt, wobei die Spule (26) mit wenigstens einem Verstärker (V) und mindestens einem Lautsprecher (L) elektrisch verbunden ist und wobei durch Bewegungen der Saiten (18) in dem magnetischen Feld in der Spule (26) Strom induziert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tonabnehmer (10) mindestens eine Einrichtung zur Veränderung des magnetischen Feldes (28, 29) des Magneten (25) aufweist, durch den das magnetische Feld und damit das Klangbild des Instrumentes (11) verändert wird. 1. Pickup (10) for stringed instruments, consisting of a housing (24) arranged on the body (12) of the instrument below the strings (18) in which at least one magnet (25) is arranged which is surrounded by a coil (26) and has a magnetic field generated, the coil (26) being electrically connected to at least one amplifier (V) and at least one loudspeaker (L) and current being induced in the magnetic field in the coil (26) by movements of the strings (18), characterized in that the pickup (10) has at least one device for changing the magnetic field (28, 29) of the magnet (25), by means of which the magnetic field and thus the sound of the instrument (11) is changed. 2. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Veränderung des magnetischen Feldes aus wenigsten einem regelbaren Widerstand (Potentiometer) gebildet wird, der auf einen Elektromagneten (29) einwirkt. 2. Pickup (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for changing the magnetic field is formed from at least one controllable resistor (potentiometer) which acts on an electromagnet (29). 3. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Veränderung des magnetischen Feldes aus wenigstens einem weiteren Dauermagneten (28), Elektromagneten (29) bzw. mindestens ein Bauteil aus ferromagnetischem Material gebildet wird, deren Lagegegenüber dem ersten Dauermagneten (28) veränderbar ist. 3. Pickup (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for changing the magnetic field is formed from at least one further permanent magnet (28), electromagnet (29) or at least one component made of ferromagnetic material, the position of which is opposite the first permanent magnet (28) is changeable. 4. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur Veränderung des magnetischen Feldes aus einem innerhalb der Spule (26) lageveränderbar angeordneten Magneten (25) gebildet wird. 4. Pickup (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for changing the magnetic field is formed from a magnet (25) arranged so that it can be changed in position within the coil (26). 5. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lageveränderung im rechten Winkel zum Verlauf der Saiten (18) erfolgt. 5. Pickup (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the change in position takes place at right angles to the course of the strings (18). 6. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der weitere Dauermagnet (28), Elektromagnet (29) bzw. das ferromagnetische Bauteil außerhalb des Gehäuses (24) angeordnet ist. 6. Pickup (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the further permanent magnet (28), electromagnet (29) or the ferromagnetic component is arranged outside of the housing (24). 7. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der weitere Dauermagnet (28), Elektromagnet (29) bzw. das ferromagnetische Bauteil innerhalb des Gehäuses (24) angeordnet ist. 7. Pickup (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the further permanent magnet (28), electromagnet (29) or the ferromagnetic component is arranged within the housing (24). 8. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der Ansprüche 3 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verstellung des weiteren Dauermagnets (28), Elektromagnets (29) bzw. ferromagnetischen Bauteils manuell erfolgt. 8. Pickup (10) according to claim 1 or one of claims 3 - 6, characterized in that the adjustment of the further permanent magnet (28), electromagnet (29) or ferromagnetic component takes place manually. 9. Tonabnehmer (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zum Zwecke der Steuerung der Dämpfung ein zu den Saiten (18) des Instrumentes (11) weisender Deckel des Gehäuses (27) aus elektrisch leitendem Material als Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes ausgebildet ist. 9. Pickup (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the purpose of controlling the damping a to the strings (18) of the instrument (11) facing cover of the housing (27) made of electrically conductive material as a device for continuous change the opening state is formed. 10. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes des Deckels des Gehäuses (27) aus zwei am Deckelbereich geführten, fluchtende Lochbilder aufweisende Lochbleche aufweist, die relativ zueinander bewegbar sind und damit unterschiedliche Öffnungszustände sowie Dämpfungseffekte erzielen können. 10. Pickup (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the device for continuously changing the opening state of the lid of the housing (27) comprises two perforated plates which are guided on the lid area and have aligned hole patterns, which are movable relative to one another and thus different opening states as well Can achieve damping effects. 11. Tonabnehmer (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einrichtung zur stufenlosen Veränderung des Öffnungszustandes nach Art eines deckelseitig am Gehäuse (24) geführten Metall- Lamellenrollo ausgebildet ist, wobei durch unterschiedliche Stellungen der Lamellen abweichende Öffnungszustände sowie Dämpfungseffekte erreichbar sind. 11. Pickup (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the device for continuously changing the opening state is designed in the manner of a metal lamella blind guided on the cover side of the housing (24), with different opening states and damping effects being achievable through different positions of the lamellae.
EP20792950.6A 2019-10-22 2020-10-12 Pickup for stringed instruments Active EP4049267B1 (en)

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DE102019128545.3A DE102019128545B3 (en) 2019-10-22 2019-10-22 Pickups for string instruments
PCT/EP2020/078651 WO2021078569A1 (en) 2019-10-22 2020-10-12 Pickup for stringed instruments

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EP (1) EP4049267B1 (en)
KR (1) KR102710127B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102019128545B3 (en)
ES (1) ES3031712T3 (en)
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DE102019128545B3 (en) * 2019-10-22 2020-10-29 Stefan Jordan Pickups for string instruments

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DE102019128545B3 (en) 2020-10-29
US12354580B2 (en) 2025-07-08
KR20220072826A (en) 2022-06-02
EP4049267B1 (en) 2025-04-02
WO2021078569A1 (en) 2021-04-29
EP4049267C0 (en) 2025-04-02
US20220246123A1 (en) 2022-08-04
PL4049267T3 (en) 2025-07-28
ES3031712T3 (en) 2025-07-10

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