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EP3921535B1 - Nozzle for a fuel injector - Google Patents

Nozzle for a fuel injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3921535B1
EP3921535B1 EP20704828.1A EP20704828A EP3921535B1 EP 3921535 B1 EP3921535 B1 EP 3921535B1 EP 20704828 A EP20704828 A EP 20704828A EP 3921535 B1 EP3921535 B1 EP 3921535B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
fuel
opening
nozzle needle
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20704828.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3921535A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus LICHTINGER
Thomas Atzkern
Markus HÖLLBACHER
Michael Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Original Assignee
Liebherr Components Deggendorf GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3921535A1 publication Critical patent/EP3921535A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3921535B1 publication Critical patent/EP3921535B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/188—Spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1886—Details of valve seats not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1893—Details of valve member ends not covered by groups F02M61/1866 - F02M61/188
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0077—Valve seat details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F02M63/008—Hollow valve members, e.g. members internally guided
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/04—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for avoiding effect of cavitation, e.g. erosion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/46—Valves, e.g. injectors, with concentric valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0635—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding
    • F02M51/0642—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto
    • F02M51/0653—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve
    • F02M51/0657—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a plate-shaped or undulated armature not entering the winding the armature having a valve attached thereto the valve being an elongated body, e.g. a needle valve the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nozzle for a fuel injector and a fuel injector with such a nozzle.
  • Fuel injectors which are also called injection nozzles, are an essential component of every internal combustion engine, as they are used to introduce the required amount of fuel to be burned into the combustion chamber. For clean combustion, it is extremely important to maintain the injector opening and closing as quickly as possible over its entire service life in order to be able to continuously supply an exact amount of fuel.
  • nozzles for fuel injectors are typically known whose openings for discharging fuel under high pressure lead from a so-called blind hole.
  • the blind hole is a space arranged below the nozzle needle that can be moved in the longitudinal direction and which can be fluidically separated from a reservoir for fuel under high pressure by placing the nozzle needle on a seat area (see. Fig.3 ). If the nozzle needle is lifted from the seat area of the nozzle body, fuel flows into the blind hole and from there out of the nozzle via the openings. The nozzle needle is surrounded by fuel from the outside, which flows towards the openings.
  • the JP 2001 221132 A shows a nozzle that has all the features from the preamble of claim 1.
  • the nozzle therefore comprises, among other things, a rotationally symmetrical nozzle body with a cavity for inserting a nozzle needle, a nozzle tip which is provided at a longitudinal end of the nozzle body and has at least one opening for discharging fuel, and a nozzle needle arranged in the cavity for selectively blocking a fuel inflow to the at least one opening, wherein the nozzle needle is tubular in the area of the nozzle tip and is designed to direct fuel inside the tubular area to the at least one opening.
  • the nozzle needle is a tubular needle nozzle or a hollow needle, the interior of which is designed to carry fuel.
  • the outer circumference of the nozzle needle is constant in its third facing the nozzle tip, preferably in its half facing the nozzle tip. This is the outer circumference of the nozzle needle constant along its longitudinal direction in its half or third facing the tip. This significantly simplifies the production of the nozzle body.
  • This design is particularly advantageous in combination with the rounded end faces of the tubular area of the nozzle needle.
  • the rounded edges may preferably have the shape of a quarter circle in cross-section, the center of which is arranged on the outer circumference of the nozzle needle.
  • the nozzle according to the invention no longer requires the blind hole, which is largely responsible for the HC emissions (hydrocarbon emissions).
  • the structure according to the invention therefore achieves significant improvements in terms of emissions, in particular in terms of HC emissions, and results in lower consumption and a longer shelf life (due to less cavitation damage and improved quantity stability).
  • a fluidic connection from the at least one opening to a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel advantageously runs exclusively through the tubular region of the nozzle needle.
  • the inflow of fuel to the at least one opening therefore takes place through the tubular section, which can also be embodied by a bore.
  • the fuel therefore no longer flows around the nozzle needle but flows in the nozzle needle in the direction of the fuel openings.
  • the nozzle needle by being placed on a seat surface of the nozzle body, interrupts a fluidic connection of the at least one opening to a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel.
  • the nozzle needle has a front-side outlet opening at its end facing the nozzle tip, which can be closed by placing it on a seat surface of the nozzle body or the nozzle tip.
  • This outlet opening can be formed in one piece with the tubular section of the nozzle needle, so that fuel flowing through the nozzle needle exits the front side of the nozzle needle.
  • the nozzle tip in a cross section has a conical elevation towards the cavity for the nozzle needle, in particular in the form of a straight circular cone, the tip of which penetrates into the interior of the tubular region of the nozzle needle when the nozzle is in a closed state.
  • the nozzle tip has a flat surface or even a tapered structure, for example a tapered structure, on the side facing the nozzle needle.
  • the conical elevation has the advantage that escaping fuel only has to be diverted once, namely only at the conical elevation, from where it can be dispensed via the at least one opening without further redirection.
  • the at least one opening for discharging fuel adjoins the outer surface of the conical elevation, preferably in such a way that, when the nozzle needle is lifted off the conical elevation, fuel can flow out of the at least one opening in a straight line from the tubular region of the nozzle needle by deflecting once at the conical elevation.
  • a longitudinal inner edge of the at least one opening channel is aligned with the lateral surface, so that fuel can be guided continuously from the lateral surface into the opening.
  • the conical elevation and the nozzle needle are arranged coaxially to one another. This results in the tip of the conical elevation penetrating into the tubular section when the nozzle is in a closed state. If the front end sections of the tubular area now contact the conical elevation, the nozzle closes. Fuel can no longer flow from the interior of the nozzle needle in the direction of the at least one outlet opening.
  • a region of the lateral surface of the conical elevation, which encloses the tip of the conical elevation represents a seating area for the nozzle needle, which is contacted by the nozzle needle when the nozzle is in a closed state.
  • the nozzle needle advantageously has rounded edges in its end section facing the nozzle tip. This minimizes the area that contacts the conical elevation, so that there is sufficient sealing to interrupt fuel flow even with a relatively low force.
  • the at least one opening for discharging fuel cannot be connected to a blind hole.
  • the at least one opening for dispensing fuel now leads directly from the seat area and is preferably aligned with the surface of the conical elevation.
  • the at least one opening for discharging fuel is directed with its opening channel directly towards the seating area of the nozzle needle and/or extends directly from the seating area.
  • tubular region of the nozzle needle extends to its tip, so that the nozzle needle has a tubular outlet there.
  • the invention also includes the variant that the tubular region of the nozzle needle is rotationally symmetrical, and preferably the region of the nozzle needle facing the nozzle tip is rotationally symmetrical.
  • the outer circumference of the nozzle needle is constant in the half facing the nozzle tip, preferably in the third facing the nozzle tip. This enables a particularly simple design of the nozzle body. Only a few holes are then required for this.
  • the invention also relates to a fuel injector with a nozzle according to one of the preceding claims.
  • the fuel injector is provided with a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel, with a fluidic connection of the reservoir to the at least one opening for discharging fuel running only through the interior of the tubular region of the nozzle needle. This preferably happens when the nozzle needle is lifted out of its fuel flow-interrupting state, in which the end faces of the nozzle needle no longer contact the associated seat surface of the nozzle tip.
  • the invention also relates to an engine with a nozzle according to one of the variants described above or a fuel injector as described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a nozzle 1 according to the invention in a partially shown fuel injector 20.
  • the nozzle body 2 has a cavity 3 for receiving a nozzle needle 4, which is movably accommodated therein.
  • the nozzle needle 4 can be moved along its longitudinal axis according to the known principles for raising and lowering a nozzle needle 4, which are not limiting for the present invention.
  • the nozzle needle 4 has a tubular region 7 which is designed to direct fuel from a proximal region of the nozzle 1 to a distal region (i.e. towards the tip) of the nozzle 1.
  • the nozzle needle 3 can be designed as a tubular needle nozzle. It is also conceivable that the tubular region 7 is formed by a bore which runs coaxially to the longitudinal direction of the nozzle needle 4.
  • Fig.2 shows an enlarged view of an end region of the nozzle 1 according to the invention.
  • the nozzle tip 5 of the nozzle body 2 has a conical elevation 9 on the side facing the tubular region 7 of the nozzle needle 4, the tip of which projects into the interior of the tubular region 9.
  • the end faces of the nozzle needle 4 contact the conical elevation 9 on the so-called seat surface 10 and seal the interior of the nozzle needle 4 against the at least one outlet opening 6.
  • the end faces of the nozzle needle 4 are rounded (see reference numeral 11), so that a small contact surface with the conical elevation 9 already achieves the desired sealing. In addition, this makes it possible to achieve a seal in a reliable manner despite manufacturing tolerances.
  • Fig.3 shows a nozzle 1 in the area of the tip according to the prior art.
  • the nozzle body 2 has a recess 8 into which a nozzle needle 4 is inserted.
  • This nozzle needle 4 is - unlike according to the invention - solid and contacts an inner section of the nozzle body 2 in the area of the seat surface 10 at a peripheral area.
  • a blind hole 12 is provided below the seat surface 10, from which the openings 6 for the discharge of fuel from the nozzle 1 branch off. Due to this design, repeated deflection of fuel is necessary, which promotes the occurrence of cavitation damage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Düse für einen Kraftstoffinjektor sowie einen Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer solchen Düse. Kraftstoffinjektoren, die auch Einspritzdüsen genannt werden, sind wesentlicher Bestandteil einer jeden Brennkraftmaschine, da hierüber die erforderliche Menge des zu verbrennenden Kraftstoffes in den Brennraum eingeleitet wird. Für eine saubere Verbrennung ist es dabei von hoher Wichtigkeit, über die gesamte Lebensdauer eines Injektors ein möglichst rasches Öffnen und Schließen des Injektors beizubehalten, um fortwährend eine exakte Menge eines Kraftstoffes zuführen zu können.The present invention relates to a nozzle for a fuel injector and a fuel injector with such a nozzle. Fuel injectors, which are also called injection nozzles, are an essential component of every internal combustion engine, as they are used to introduce the required amount of fuel to be burned into the combustion chamber. For clean combustion, it is extremely important to maintain the injector opening and closing as quickly as possible over its entire service life in order to be able to continuously supply an exact amount of fuel.

Derzeit sind typischerweise Düsen für Kraftstoffinjektoren bekannt, deren Öffnungen zum Auslassen von unter hohem Druck stehenden Kraftstoff von einem sogenannten Sackloch abgehen. Das Sackloch ist ein unterhalb der in Längsrichtung bewegbaren Düsennadel angeordneter Raum, der durch das Aufsetzen der Düsennadel auf einen Sitzbereich fluidisch von einem Reservoir für unter hohem Druck stehenden Kraftstoff trennbar ist (vgl. Fig. 3). Wird die Düsennadel von dem Sitzbereich des Düsenkörpers abgehoben, strömt Kraftstoff in das Sackloch und von dort über die Öffnungen aus der Düse hinaus. Dabei wird die Düsennadel von außen von Kraftstoff umströmt, der in Richtung der Öffnungen fließt.Currently, nozzles for fuel injectors are typically known whose openings for discharging fuel under high pressure lead from a so-called blind hole. The blind hole is a space arranged below the nozzle needle that can be moved in the longitudinal direction and which can be fluidically separated from a reservoir for fuel under high pressure by placing the nozzle needle on a seat area (see. Fig.3 ). If the nozzle needle is lifted from the seat area of the nozzle body, fuel flows into the blind hole and from there out of the nozzle via the openings. The nozzle needle is surrounded by fuel from the outside, which flows towards the openings.

Die JP 2001 221132 A zeigt dabei eine Düse, die sämtliche Merkmale aus dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 aufweist.The JP 2001 221132 A shows a nozzle that has all the features from the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist nun das Ziel der vorliegenden Erfindung die vorbekannten Düsen für Kraftstoffinjektoren bzw. die Kraftstoffinjektoren selbst zu verbessern, um einen oder mehrere der nachfolgenden Punkte wie Optimierung der Kraftstoffströmung (bzw. das Kavitationsverhalten), eine Gewichtsreduzierung, eine Reduzierung des Schadvolumens, eine Verbesserung der hydraulischen Effizienz, eine Erhöhung des Durchflusses, eine Verkürzung der Spritzlochlänge, eine Erhöhung der Druckfestigkeit, eine schnellere Entdrosselung und ein verbessertes Motorverhalten (Emission, Verbrauch,...) zu erlangen.It is now the aim of the present invention to improve the previously known nozzles for fuel injectors or the fuel injectors themselves in order to achieve one or more of the following points such as optimization of the fuel flow (or the cavitation behavior), a reduction in weight, a reduction in the damage volume, an improvement in the hydraulic efficiency, an increase in flow, a shortening of the spray hole length, an increase in pressure resistance, faster dethrottling and improved engine behavior (emissions, consumption,...).

Dies gelingt mit einer Düse für einen Kraftstoffinjektor, die sämtliche Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 aufweist. Die Düse umfasst demnach unter anderem einen drehsymmetrischen Düsenkörper mit einem Hohlraum zum Einführen einer Düsennadel, eine Düsenspitze, die an einem Längsende des Düsenkörpers vorgesehen ist und mindestens eine Öffnung zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff aufweist, und eine in dem Hohlraum angeordnete Düsennadel zum wahlweisen Blockieren eines Kraftstoffzuflusses zu der mindestens einen Öffnung, wobei die Düsennadel im Bereich der Düsenspitze rohrförmig ausgestaltet ist und dazu ausgelegt ist, Kraftstoff im Inneren des rohrförmigen Bereichs zu der mindestens einen Öffnung zu leiten.This is achieved with a nozzle for a fuel injector which has all the features of claim 1. The nozzle therefore comprises, among other things, a rotationally symmetrical nozzle body with a cavity for inserting a nozzle needle, a nozzle tip which is provided at a longitudinal end of the nozzle body and has at least one opening for discharging fuel, and a nozzle needle arranged in the cavity for selectively blocking a fuel inflow to the at least one opening, wherein the nozzle needle is tubular in the area of the nozzle tip and is designed to direct fuel inside the tubular area to the at least one opening.

Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Düsennadel eine Rohrnadel-Düse oder eine Hohlnadel ist, deren Inneres dazu ausgelegt ist, Kraftstoff zu führen.It can be provided that the nozzle needle is a tubular needle nozzle or a hollow needle, the interior of which is designed to carry fuel.

Ferner kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Außenumfang der Düsennadel in seinem der Düsenspitze zugewandten Drittel, vorzugsweise in seiner der Düsenspitze zugewandten Hälfte, konstant ist. Demnach ist der Außenumfang der Düsennadel entlang dessen Längsrichtung in seiner zur Spitze zugewandten Hälfte bzw. Drittel konstant. Dies vereinfacht die Herstellung des Düsenkörpers signifikant.Furthermore, it can be provided that the outer circumference of the nozzle needle is constant in its third facing the nozzle tip, preferably in its half facing the nozzle tip. This is the outer circumference of the nozzle needle constant along its longitudinal direction in its half or third facing the tip. This significantly simplifies the production of the nozzle body.

Diese Ausgestaltung ist insbesondere von Vorteil in Kombination mit den abgerundeten Stirnseiten des rohrförmigen Bereichs der Düsennadel.This design is particularly advantageous in combination with the rounded end faces of the tubular area of the nozzle needle.

Die abgerundeten Kanten können vorzugsweise im Querschnitt die Form eines Viertelkreises aufweisen, dessen Mittelpunkt am Außenumfang der Düsennadel angeordnet ist.The rounded edges may preferably have the shape of a quarter circle in cross-section, the center of which is arranged on the outer circumference of the nozzle needle.

Indem nun der Kraftstofffluss in der Düse nicht mehr länger die Düsennadel umströmt, sondern durch den rohrförmigen Abschnitt der Düsennadel selbst geleitet werden kann, verringern sich die Druckverluste zwischen Rail und (dem nicht mehr vorhandenen) Sackloch. so dass der Injektor mit geringerem Druck betrieben werden kann, um die gleiche Performance zu liefern. Dies führt wiederum zu Einsparungen in der Antriebsleistung der Pumpe und zu Auslegungsvorteilen (Wandstärke, Material, etc...).Since the fuel flow in the nozzle no longer flows around the nozzle needle, but can be directed through the tubular section of the nozzle needle itself, the pressure losses between the rail and the blind hole (which is no longer present) are reduced. so that the injector can be operated at lower pressure to deliver the same performance. This in turn leads to savings in the drive power of the pump and to design advantages (wall thickness, material, etc...).

Zudem ist durch die erfindungsgemäße Düse das Sackloch nicht mehr erforderlich, das maßgeblich für die HC-Emissionen (Hydrocarbon-Emissionen) verantwortlich ist. Der erfindungsgemäße Aufbau erzielt daher deutliche Verbesserungen in Bezug auf die Emissionen, insbesondere in Bezug auf die HC-Emissionen, und hat einen geringeren Verbrauch sowie ein längere Haltbarkeit (wegen weniger Kavitationsschäden und einer verbesserten Mengenstabilität) zur Folge.In addition, the nozzle according to the invention no longer requires the blind hole, which is largely responsible for the HC emissions (hydrocarbon emissions). The structure according to the invention therefore achieves significant improvements in terms of emissions, in particular in terms of HC emissions, and results in lower consumption and a longer shelf life (due to less cavitation damage and improved quantity stability).

Vorteilhafterweise verläuft eine fluidische Verbindung von der mindestens einen Öffnung zu einem Reservoir zur Aufnahme von unter Druck stehenden Kraftstoff ausschließlich durch den rohrförmigen Bereich der Düsennadel. Die Zuströmung von Kraftstoff hin zu der mindestens einen Öffnung erfolgt daher durch den rohrförmigen Abschnitt, der auch durch eine Bohrung verkörpert sein kann. Der Kraftstoff umströmt demnach nicht mehr die Düsennadel sondern strömt in der Düsennadel in Richtung der Kraftstofföffnungen.A fluidic connection from the at least one opening to a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel advantageously runs exclusively through the tubular region of the nozzle needle. The inflow of fuel to the at least one opening therefore takes place through the tubular section, which can also be embodied by a bore. The fuel therefore no longer flows around the nozzle needle but flows in the nozzle needle in the direction of the fuel openings.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Modifikation der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Düsennadel durch Aufsetzen auf eine Sitzfläche des Düsenkörpers eine fluidische Verbindung der mindestens einen Öffnung zu einem Reservoir zur Aufnahme von unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff unterbricht.According to an advantageous modification of the invention, it is provided that the nozzle needle, by being placed on a seat surface of the nozzle body, interrupts a fluidic connection of the at least one opening to a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel.

Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Düsennadel ihrem dem der Düsenspitze zugewandten Ende eine stirnseitige Auslassöffnung aufweist, die durch Aufsetzen auf eine Sitzfläche des Düsenkörper bzw. der Düsenspitze verschließbar ist. Diese Auslassöffnung kann einstückig mit dem rohrförmigen Abschnitt der Düsennadel ausgebildet sein, so dass ein durch die Düsennadel strömender Kraftstoff stirnseitig aus der Düsennadel austritt.It can be provided that the nozzle needle has a front-side outlet opening at its end facing the nozzle tip, which can be closed by placing it on a seat surface of the nozzle body or the nozzle tip. This outlet opening can be formed in one piece with the tubular section of the nozzle needle, so that fuel flowing through the nozzle needle exits the front side of the nozzle needle.

Nach der Erfindung istvorgesehen sein, dass in einem Querschnitt die Düsenspitze zum Hohlraum für die Düsennadel hin eine kegelförmige Erhebung aufweist, insbesondere in Form eines geraden Kreiskegels, deren Spitze in einem geschlossenen Zustand der Düse in das Innere des rohrförmigen Bereichs der Düsennadel eindringt. Alternativ dazu kann, nicht unter die beanspruchte Erfindung fallend, vorgesehen sein, dass die Düsenspitze auf der zur Düsennadel gewandten Seite eine ebene Fläche oder gar eine sich verjüngende Struktur, bspw. eine spitz zulaufende Struktur aufweist.According to the invention, it is provided that in a cross section the nozzle tip has a conical elevation towards the cavity for the nozzle needle, in particular in the form of a straight circular cone, the tip of which penetrates into the interior of the tubular region of the nozzle needle when the nozzle is in a closed state. Alternatively, it can be provided, not falling under the claimed invention, that the nozzle tip has a flat surface or even a tapered structure, for example a tapered structure, on the side facing the nozzle needle.

Die kegelförmige Erhebung bringt den Vorteil mit sich, dass austretender Kraftstoff lediglich einmal, nämlich lediglich an der kegelförmigen Erhebung umgelenkt werden muss, von wo aus er ohne weiteres Umlenken über die mindestens eine Öffnung ausgegeben werden kann.The conical elevation has the advantage that escaping fuel only has to be diverted once, namely only at the conical elevation, from where it can be dispensed via the at least one opening without further redirection.

Nach dem Stand der Technik war es erforderlich, dass der die Düsennadel umströmende Kraftstoff ein erstes Mal beim Einströmen in das Sackloch und ein zweites Mal bei Eintritt in die mindestens eine Auslassöffnung umgelenkt wird, so dass im Stand der Technik das Auftreten von Kavitationsschäden sehr viel wahrscheinlicher ist.According to the prior art, it was necessary for the fuel flowing around the nozzle needle to be diverted a first time when flowing into the blind hole and a second time when entering the at least one outlet opening, so that in the prior art the occurrence of cavitation damage was much more likely is.

Dabei ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die mindestens eine Öffnung zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff an die Mantelfläche der kegelförmigen Erhebung angrenzt, vorzugsweise derart, dass in einem von der kegelförmigen Erhebung abgehobenen Zustand der Düsennadel, ein Kraftstoff aus dem rohrförmigen Bereich der Düsennadel durch einmalige Umlenkung an der kegelförmigen Erhebung in gerader Linie aus der mindestens einen Öffnung herausströmen kann.According to the invention, the at least one opening for discharging fuel adjoins the outer surface of the conical elevation, preferably in such a way that, when the nozzle needle is lifted off the conical elevation, fuel can flow out of the at least one opening in a straight line from the tubular region of the nozzle needle by deflecting once at the conical elevation.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass ein Längsinnenrand des mindestens einen Öffnungskanals mit der Mantelfläche fluchtet, so dass Kraftstoff von der Mantelfläche stufenlos in die Öffnung führbar ist.According to the invention, it is provided that a longitudinal inner edge of the at least one opening channel is aligned with the lateral surface, so that fuel can be guided continuously from the lateral surface into the opening.

Auch kann dabei vorgesehen sein, dass die kegelförmige Erhebung und die Düsennadel koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Dies führt im Ergebnis dazu, dass -in einem geschlossenen Zustand der Düse- die Spitze der kegelförmigen Erhebung in den rohrförmigen Abschnitt eindringt. Kontaktieren die stirnseitigen Endabschnitte des rohrförmigen Bereichs nun die kegelförmige Erhebung, kommt es zu einem Schließen der Düse. Es kann kein Kraftstoff mehr aus dem Inneren der Düsennadel in Richtung der mindestens einen Auslassöffnung mehr strömen.It can also be provided that the conical elevation and the nozzle needle are arranged coaxially to one another. This results in the tip of the conical elevation penetrating into the tubular section when the nozzle is in a closed state. If the front end sections of the tubular area now contact the conical elevation, the nozzle closes. Fuel can no longer flow from the interior of the nozzle needle in the direction of the at least one outlet opening.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Modifikation der Erfindung stellt ein Bereich der Mantelfläche der kegelförmigen Erhebung, der die Spitze der kegelförmigen Erhebung umschließt, einen Sitzbereich für die Düsennadel dar, der in einem geschlossenen Zustand der Düse von der Düsennadel kontaktiert wird.According to an advantageous modification of the invention, a region of the lateral surface of the conical elevation, which encloses the tip of the conical elevation, represents a seating area for the nozzle needle, which is contacted by the nozzle needle when the nozzle is in a closed state.

Vorteilhafterweise weist die Düsennadel in ihrem der Düsenspitze zugewandten Endabschnitt abgerundete Kanten auf. Dadurch wird die Fläche, die die kegelförmige Erhebung kontaktiert minimiert, so dass bei einer bereits relativ geringen Kraft, eine ausreichende Abdichtung zum Unterbrechen eines Kraftstoffflusses vorliegt.The nozzle needle advantageously has rounded edges in its end section facing the nozzle tip. This minimizes the area that contacts the conical elevation, so that there is sufficient sealing to interrupt fuel flow even with a relatively low force.

Ferner kann die mindestens eine Öffnung zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff nicht mit einem Sackloch verbunden sein. Wie oben bereits erläutert, ist es nach der Erfindung nicht erforderlich, dass ein unter der Düsennadel angeordnetes Sackloch vorhanden ist. Die mindestens eine Öffnung zum Ausgeben von Kraftstoff gehen nun direkt vom Sitzbereich ab und fluchten vorzugsweise mit der Mantelfläche der kegelförmigen Erhebung.Furthermore, the at least one opening for discharging fuel cannot be connected to a blind hole. As already explained above, according to the invention it is not necessary for a blind hole arranged under the nozzle needle is present. The at least one opening for dispensing fuel now leads directly from the seat area and is preferably aligned with the surface of the conical elevation.

Vorzugsweise ist die mindestens eine Öffnung zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff mit seinem Öffnungskanal direkt auf den Sitzbereich der Düsennadel gerichtet und/oder geht direkt vom Sitzbereich ab.Preferably, the at least one opening for discharging fuel is directed with its opening channel directly towards the seating area of the nozzle needle and/or extends directly from the seating area.

Weiter kann vorgesehen sein, dass sich der rohrförmige Bereich der Düsennadel bis zu dessen Spitze hin erstreckt, so dass dort die Düsennadel einen rohrförmigen Auslass aufweist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the tubular region of the nozzle needle extends to its tip, so that the nozzle needle has a tubular outlet there.

Von der Erfindung ist ebenfalls die Variante umfasst, dass der rohrförmige Bereich der Düsennadel drehsymmetrisch, und vorzugsweise der der Düsenspitze zugewandte Bereich der Düsennadel rotationssymmetrisch ist.The invention also includes the variant that the tubular region of the nozzle needle is rotationally symmetrical, and preferably the region of the nozzle needle facing the nozzle tip is rotationally symmetrical.

Weiter kann vorgesehen sein, dass der Außenumfang der Düsennadel in seiner der Düsenspitze zugewandten Hälfte, vorzugsweise in seinem der Düsenspitze zugewandten Drittel, konstant ist. Dadurch ist eine besonders einfache Ausgestaltung des Düsenkörpers möglich. Hierzu sind dann nur wenige Bohrungen erforderlich.Furthermore, it can be provided that the outer circumference of the nozzle needle is constant in the half facing the nozzle tip, preferably in the third facing the nozzle tip. This enables a particularly simple design of the nozzle body. Only a few holes are then required for this.

Die Erfindung betrifft zudem einen Kraftstoffinjektor mit einer Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.The invention also relates to a fuel injector with a nozzle according to one of the preceding claims.

Vorzugsweise ist der Kraftstoffinjektor mit einem Reservoir zur Aufnahme von unter Druck stehendem Kraftstoff versehen, wobei eine fluidische Verbindung des Reservoir zu der mindestens einen Öffnung zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff nur durch das Innere des rohrförmigen Bereichs der Düsennadel verläuft. Dies passiert vorzugsweise dann, wenn die Düsennadel aus ihrem einen Kraftstofffluss unterbrechenden Zustand ausgehoben wird, bei dem die Stirnseiten der Düsennadel die zugehörige Sitzfläche der Düsenspitze nicht mehr kontaktiert.Preferably, the fuel injector is provided with a reservoir for receiving pressurized fuel, with a fluidic connection of the reservoir to the at least one opening for discharging fuel running only through the interior of the tubular region of the nozzle needle. This preferably happens when the nozzle needle is lifted out of its fuel flow-interrupting state, in which the end faces of the nozzle needle no longer contact the associated seat surface of the nozzle tip.

Die Erfindung betrifft zudem einen Motor mit einer Düse nach einer der vorstehend beschriebenen Varianten oder einen wie vorstehend beschriebenen Kraftstoffinjektor.The invention also relates to an engine with a nozzle according to one of the variants described above or a fuel injector as described above.

Weitere Merkmale, Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung ersichtlich. Dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1:
eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Düse in einem teilweise dargestellten Kraftstoffinjektor,
Fig. 2:
eine schematische Ansicht des distalen Endbereichs der erfindungsgemäßen Düse, und
Fig. 3:
eine hälftige Schnittansicht durch einen vorderen Bereich einer Kraftstoffdüse nach dem Stand der Technik.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention can be seen from the following description of the figures. Show:
Fig. 1:
a schematic view of a nozzle according to the invention in a partially shown fuel injector,
Fig. 2:
a schematic view of the distal end region of the nozzle according to the invention, and
Fig. 3:
a half-sectional view through a front area of a fuel nozzle according to the prior art.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Düse 1 in einem teilweise dargestellten Kraftstoffinjektor 20. Man erkennt dabei den Düsenkörper 2, der an seinem distalen Ende eine Düsenspitze 5 aufweist, die über mehrere Öffnungen 6 zum Auslassen von Kraftstoff verfügt. Der Düsenkörper 2 besitzt dabei einen Hohlraum 3 zur Aufnahme einer Düsennadel 4, die darin bewegbar aufgenommen ist. Die Düsennadel 4 kann entlang ihrer Längsachse gemäß den bekannten Prinzipen zum Anheben und Senken einer Düsennadel 4 bewegt werden, die für die vorliegende Erfindung nicht beschränkend sind. Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a nozzle 1 according to the invention in a partially shown fuel injector 20. You can see the nozzle body 2, which has a nozzle tip 5 at its distal end, which has several openings 6 for discharging fuel. The nozzle body 2 has a cavity 3 for receiving a nozzle needle 4, which is movably accommodated therein. The nozzle needle 4 can be moved along its longitudinal axis according to the known principles for raising and lowering a nozzle needle 4, which are not limiting for the present invention.

Ebenfalls erkennt man, dass die Düsennadel 4 einen rohrförmigen Bereich 7 aufweist, der dazu ausgelegt ist, Kraftstoff von einem proximalen Bereich der Düse 1 zu einem distalen Bereich (also hin zur Spitze) der Düse 1 zu leiten. Die Düsennadel 3 kann dabei als Rohrnadel-Düse ausgebildet sein. Auch ist denkbar, dass der rohrförmigen Bereich 7 durch eine Bohrung ausgebildet ist, die koaxial zur Längsrichtung der Düsennadel 4 verläuft.It can also be seen that the nozzle needle 4 has a tubular region 7 which is designed to direct fuel from a proximal region of the nozzle 1 to a distal region (i.e. towards the tip) of the nozzle 1. The nozzle needle 3 can be designed as a tubular needle nozzle. It is also conceivable that the tubular region 7 is formed by a bore which runs coaxially to the longitudinal direction of the nozzle needle 4.

Fig. 2 stellt eine vergrößerte Ansicht eines Endbereichs der erfindungsgemäßen Düse 1 dar. Fig.2 shows an enlarged view of an end region of the nozzle 1 according to the invention.

Man erkennt, dass die Düsenspitze 5 des Düsenkörpers 2 an der zum rohrförmigen Bereich 7 des Düsennadel 4 zugewandten Seite eine kegelförmige Erhebung 9 aufweist, die mit ihrer Spitze in das Innere des rohrförmigen Bereichs 9 hineinragt.It can be seen that the nozzle tip 5 of the nozzle body 2 has a conical elevation 9 on the side facing the tubular region 7 of the nozzle needle 4, the tip of which projects into the interior of the tubular region 9.

In einem geschlossenen Zustand der Düse 1 kontaktieren die Stirnflächen der Düsennadel 4 die kegelförmige Erhebung 9 an der sogenannten Sitzfläche 10 und dichten das Innere der Düsennadel 4 gegenüber der mindestens einen Auslassöffnung 6 ab. Dabei sind die Stirnseiten der Düsennadel 4 abgerundet (vgl. Bezugszeichen 11), so dass eine kleine Kontaktfläche mit der kegelförmigen Erhebung 9 bereits das gewünschte Abdichten erzielt. Zudem ist es dadurch möglich eine Abdichtung trotz Fertigungstoleranzen auf zuverlässige Art und Weise zu erreichen.When the nozzle 1 is closed, the end faces of the nozzle needle 4 contact the conical elevation 9 on the so-called seat surface 10 and seal the interior of the nozzle needle 4 against the at least one outlet opening 6. The end faces of the nozzle needle 4 are rounded (see reference numeral 11), so that a small contact surface with the conical elevation 9 already achieves the desired sealing. In addition, this makes it possible to achieve a seal in a reliable manner despite manufacturing tolerances.

Wird die Düsennadel 4 von der Sitzfläche 10 abgehoben, kann unter hohem Druck stehender Kraftstoff durch die Öffnungen 6 aus der Düse 1 heraustreten. Dabei wird der Kraftstoff in seinem Fluss lediglich einmal, nämlich beim Auftreffen auf die Erhebung 9 umgelenkt, so dass wenig bis gar keine Kavitationsschäden auftreten.If the nozzle needle 4 is lifted off the seat surface 10, fuel under high pressure can exit the nozzle 1 through the openings 6. The fuel flow is diverted only once, namely when it hits the elevation 9, so that little to no cavitation damage occurs.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Düse 1 in ihrem Bereich der Spitze nach dem Stand der Technik. Der Düsenkörper 2 besitzt eine Ausnehmung 8, in die eine Düsennadel 4 eingeführt ist. Diese Düsennadel 4 ist -anders als nach der Erfindung- massiv ausgeführt und kontaktiert an einem Umfangsbereich einen Innenabschnitt des Düsenkörpers 2 im Bereich der Sitzfläche 10. Fig.3 shows a nozzle 1 in the area of the tip according to the prior art. The nozzle body 2 has a recess 8 into which a nozzle needle 4 is inserted. This nozzle needle 4 is - unlike according to the invention - solid and contacts an inner section of the nozzle body 2 in the area of the seat surface 10 at a peripheral area.

Unterhalb der Sitzfläche 10 ist ein Sackloch 12 vorgesehen, von dem aus die Öffnungen 6 zum Austreten von Kraftstoff aus der Düse 1 abgehen. Aufgrund dieser Konstruktion ist ein mehrmaliges Umlenken von Kraftstoff erforderlich, was das Auftreten von Kavitationsschäden fördert.Below the seat surface 10, a blind hole 12 is provided, from which the openings 6 for the discharge of fuel from the nozzle 1 branch off. Due to this design, repeated deflection of fuel is necessary, which promotes the occurrence of cavitation damage.

Außerdem ist nach dem Stand der Technik vorgesehen, dass der durch die Öffnungen 6 ausströmende Kraftstoff die massiv ausgebildete Düsennadel 4 umströmt.In addition, according to the prior art, it is provided that the fuel flowing out through the openings 6 flows around the solid nozzle needle 4.

Claims (15)

  1. A nozzle (1) for a fuel injector (20) comprising:
    a pivotably symmetrical nozzle member (2) having a hollow space (3) for introducing a nozzle needle (4);
    a nozzle tip (5) that is provided at a longitudinal end of the nozzle member (2) and has at least one opening (6) for discharging fuel: and
    a nozzle needle (4) arranged in the hollow space (3) for the selective blocking of a fuel supply to the at least one opening (6), wherein
    the nozzle needle (4) is designed as tubular in the region of the nozzle tip (5) and is adapted to conduct fuel in the interior of the tubular region (7) toward the at least one opening (6).; and
    the nozzle tip (5) has a conical elevated portion (9) toward the hollow space (3) for the nozzle needle (4) whose tip penetrates into the interior of the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4) in a closed state of the nozzle (1),
    characterized in that
    the at least one opening (6) for the discharge of fuel is adjacent to the jacket surface of the conical elevated portion (9), with
    an inner longitudinal margin of an at least one opening channel having the opening being aligned with the jacket surface so that fuel can be continuously guided from the jacket surface into the opening.
  2. A nozzle (1) in accordance with claim 1, wherein a fluidic connection from the at least one opening (6) to a reservoir (8) for the reception of pressurized fuel only runs through the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4).
  3. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the nozzle needle (4) interrupts a fluidic connection of the at least one opening (6) to a reservoir (8) for receiving pressurized fuel by the placing onto a seat surface (10) of the nozzle member (2).
  4. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the conical elevated portion (9) is a right circular cone.
  5. A nozzle (1) in accordance with claim 4, wherein the at least one opening (6) for the discharge of fuel is adjacent to the jacket surface of the conical elevated portion (9) such that a fuel from the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4) can flow out of the at least one opening (6) in a straight line by a single deflection at the conical elevated portion (9) in a state of the nozzle needle (4) raised from the conical elevated portion (9).
  6. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims 4 or 5, wherein the conical elevated portion (9) and the nozzle needle (4) are arranged coaxially to one another.
  7. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims 4 to 6, wherein a region of the jacket surface of the conical elevated portion (9) that surrounds the tip of the conical elevated portion (9) represents a seat region for the nozzle needle (4) that is contacted by the nozzle needle (4) in a closed state of the nozzle (1).
  8. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the nozzle needle (4) has rounded edges (11) in its end section facing the nozzle tip (5) and preferably contacts the seat surface (10) with the rounded edges (12).
  9. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one opening (6) for discharging fuel is not connected to a blind hole (12).
  10. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one opening (6) for discharging fuel is directly directed with its opening channel onto the seat region of the nozzle needle (4) and/or starts directly from the seat region (10).
  11. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4) extends up to its distal tip so that the nozzle needle (4) has a tubular outlet there.
  12. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4) is pivotally symmetrical and the region of the nozzle needle (4) facing the nozzle tip (5) is preferably rotationally symmetrical.
  13. A nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer periphery of the nozzle needle (4) is constant in its half facing the nozzle tip, preferably in its third facing the nozzle tip.
  14. A fuel injector (20) having a nozzle (1) in accordance with one of the preceding claims.
  15. A fuel injector (20) in accordance with claim 14, further comprising a reservoir (8) for receiving pressurized fuel, with a fluidic connection of the reservoir (8) to the at least one opening (6) for discharging fuel only extending through the interior of the tubular region (7) of the nozzle needle (4).
EP20704828.1A 2019-02-12 2020-02-10 Nozzle for a fuel injector Active EP3921535B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102019103511.2A DE102019103511A1 (en) 2019-02-12 2019-02-12 Nozzle for a fuel injector
PCT/EP2020/053263 WO2020165072A1 (en) 2019-02-12 2020-02-10 Nozzle for a fuel injector

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EP3921535A1 EP3921535A1 (en) 2021-12-15
EP3921535B1 true EP3921535B1 (en) 2024-04-03

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US (1) US20220154674A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3921535B1 (en)
CN (1) CN113423945B (en)
DE (1) DE102019103511A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020165072A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH307428A (en) * 1951-12-20 1955-05-31 Friedmann & Maier Ag Injection nozzle for internal combustion engines.
DE2843000A1 (en) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE
DE3048304A1 (en) * 1980-12-20 1982-07-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart "FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES"
DE3510075A1 (en) * 1985-03-20 1986-09-25 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln FUEL INJECTION VALVE
EP0262197B1 (en) * 1986-04-15 1990-06-06 VOEST-ALPINE AUTOMOTIVE Gesellschaft m.b.H. Injection valve for internal combustion engines
US4750675A (en) * 1987-10-05 1988-06-14 General Motors Corporation Damped opening poppet covered orifice fuel injection nozzle
JP4182315B2 (en) * 2000-02-04 2008-11-19 株式会社デンソー Fuel injection nozzle
JP2002357129A (en) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-13 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel injection device for internal combustion engine
JP4419795B2 (en) * 2004-10-25 2010-02-24 株式会社デンソー Injector
US8496191B2 (en) * 2008-05-19 2013-07-30 Caterpillar Inc. Seal arrangement for a fuel injector needle valve
DE102008039920A1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2010-03-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Nozzle body, nozzle assembly and fuel injector, and method of making a nozzle body
DE102010032050B4 (en) * 2010-07-23 2017-12-21 Continental Automotive Gmbh Nozzle body with blind hole
DE102015001199B4 (en) * 2015-01-31 2017-08-17 L'orange Gmbh 1 fuel injector for operation with fuel gas
CN106837639A (en) * 2017-04-13 2017-06-13 沈阳航空航天大学 A kind of close collision formula dual fuel engine nozzle assembly

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US20220154674A1 (en) 2022-05-19
CN113423945B (en) 2024-02-06
CN113423945A (en) 2021-09-21
DE102019103511A1 (en) 2020-08-13
EP3921535A1 (en) 2021-12-15

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