EP3898215B1 - Baling press and method for baling deformable material - Google Patents

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a packaging press for packaging deformable material and a method for packaging deformable material by means of a packaging press.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Generally known are packaging presses for packaging deformable material, which press deformable material into a package by two-dimensional or three-dimensional compression.

Balancing presses are used, for example, in scrap yards, in body press shops, in aluminum processing plants and in the sheet metal processing industry to optimize logistics, as well as in steelworks, foundries and remelting plants to increase melting performance.

The material to be pressed includes a wide range of light to medium-heavy ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.

A baling press for three-dimensional compaction typically has a filling pressure compactor, an intermediate pressure compactor and a final pressure compactor, each moved by hydraulic cylinders, as well as a filling box that is filled with the material to be compressed.

The filling pressure compressor is arranged on one side of the filling box and presses the material to be pressed into a press box which is arranged on the side of the filling box opposite the filling pressure compressor.

In the press box, the material to be pressed is compressed into a package from above by the intermediate pressure compressor and from the side, transverse to the filling pressure compressor, by the final pressure compressor.

In the case of baling presses for two-dimensional compaction, it is known that the intermediate pressure compressor can be omitted. The bale can then be limited at the top by a hydraulically movable cover of the filling box, for example. The cover can be opened to feed the filling box and closed to compact the material to be pressed. The underside of the closed cover can be located directly above the top of the filling pressure compressor.

The package can be ejected from the press box by opening a hydraulic door on the side of the press box opposite the final pressure compressor and pushing the package through the hydraulic door using the final pressure compressor.

Known package presses typically require eight working cycles to press the material to be pressed into a package and eject it from the press box.

US 2014/158003 A1 discloses a double-acting apparatus and method for producing scrap metal compression materials in which a variety of shapes of collected scrap metal are compressed into pieces having a standardized shape so that they can be directly loaded into a blast furnace, thereby increasing productivity. Two pressing chambers are arranged on both sides of a first pressing cylinder so that scrap metal is loaded into the pressing chambers. When one of first pressing plates moves forward in a first compression space of one of the compression chambers, the other of the first pressing plates moves backward and returns to an idle position.

EP 2 397 316 A2 discloses a shearing baling press comprising a lateral pre-compressor which is mounted so that it can move along a plane, a head-side press cover which is mounted so that it can pivot towards the plane up to at least an upper edge of the lateral pre-compressor, a feed ram which is mounted so that it can move perpendicularly to the lateral pre-compressor under the pivoted-in press cover, and a hold-down device arranged in alignment in a direction of movement of the feed ram and which can be raised and lowered perpendicularly thereto, a shearing beam arranged downstream of the hold-down device in the direction of movement of the feed ram and which can also be raised and lowered perpendicularly, and a pressing chamber which is co-defined by a maximum deflection position of the lateral pre-compressor and a deflection position of the pivoted-in press cover as well as a starting position of the feed ram and a starting position of the hold-down device. The pressing chamber is designed with a recessed base area relative to the plane. This makes it possible, among other things, to achieve a high package density with regard to a baling function.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved packaging press and an improved method for packaging deformable material by means of a packaging press.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a baling press according to claim 1.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method according to claim 11.

Further aspects and features of the present invention emerge from the dependent claims, the accompanying drawings and the following description of preferred embodiments.

Some embodiments of the present invention relate to a baling press for baling deformable material, comprising a first press box, a second press box and a compactor arranged between the first and second press boxes such that it engages the first press box when actuated in a first direction and engages the second press box when actuated in a second direction.

The packaging press can, for example, press material to be pressed, which includes deformable material, into a package by compacting it, which is referred to as packaging. The material to be pressed can, for example, be compacted two-dimensionally or three-dimensionally, whereby the volume of the material is reduced.

The material to be pressed may, for example, comprise a wide range of light to medium weight ferrous metals and/or non-ferrous metals. It may comprise metal waste such as scrap or metal chips or the like.

In some embodiments, the baling press is designed as a scrap press.

The material to be pressed can be compacted by the compactor exerting a mechanical force on the material to be pressed in the direction of compaction. For example, the compactor can be moved in the direction of compaction. The operation of the compactor can, for example, by a hydraulic system, such as a hydraulic cylinder, which pushes the compressor in the direction of compression.

The compactor may comprise a pressure plate through which the compactor exerts mechanical force on the material to be compressed.

The compressor may further comprise a wear plate. The wear plate may be removably attached to the pressure plate, or the pressure plate may be configured to receive a wear plate.

In some embodiments, the pressure plate does not touch the material to be pressed directly, but rather via the wear plate, so that wear on the pressure plate is reduced to a negligible level. The wear plate can be designed in such a way that it can be replaced with relatively little effort if it has become unusable due to wear.

The first press box can be designed to absorb a mechanical force exerted by the compactor. The first press box can, for example, comprise a front wall that is aligned parallel to a pressure plate and/or a wear plate of the compactor. The compaction of material to be pressed can, for example, take place by the material to be pressed in the first press box being pressed by the compactor with the pressure plate and the wear plate against the front wall.

The compressor is designed in such a way that it engages the first press box when actuated in a first direction.

In some embodiments, before the compactor can engage the first press box, it is actuated in a first direction to move it toward the first press box.

The compressor engages in a press box when a part of the compressor or a pressure plate attached to it is located in a space section that is enclosed by the convex shell of the press box. For example, the compressor engages in the press box when a part of the compressor or a pressure plate attached to it closes an opening of the press box flush with an inner wall of the press box.

The second press box can be designed similarly or identically to the first press box.

It can also be designed to absorb a mechanical force exerted by the compressor, for example via a front wall which is aligned parallel to a pressure plate and/or a wear plate of the compressor, wherein material to be pressed in the second press box is pressed against the front wall by the compressor with the pressure plate and the wear plate.

The compressor is designed in such a way that it engages the second press box when actuated in a second direction.

In some embodiments, before the compactor can engage the second press box, it is actuated in a second direction to move it toward the second press box.

In some embodiments, the compressor is arranged between the first and second press boxes, and the first and second press boxes each include an opening facing the compressor.

If the compressor is then operated in a first direction, it moves, for example, towards the first press box and at the same time away from the second press box until it engages in the first press box. If, on the other hand, it is operated in a second direction, it moves, for example, towards the second press box and at the same time away from the first press box until it engages in the second press box.

The first direction and the second direction can be different directions. In some embodiments, the first direction and the second direction are opposite to each other. In some embodiments, the first press box is arranged in a first press wing and the second press box is arranged in a second press wing. The first and/or the second press wing can be part of the baling press.

The first and second pressing vanes may be arranged opposite each other so that the compressor is located between the first pressing vane and the second pressing vane and, when actuated, moves in a first direction towards the first pressing box and, when actuated, moves in a second direction towards the second pressing box.

In addition to a press box, a press wing can also include, for example, an intermediate pressure compressor, a final pressure compressor and a door and other components.

In particular, a press wing can comprise an intermediate pressure compressor if a package is to be produced by three-dimensional compression. If, however, a package is to be produced by two-dimensional compression, then the press wing can be designed without an intermediate pressure compressor.

In some embodiments, the first pressing wing and the second pressing wing are designed similarly or identically.

According to the invention, the first and/or the second press box each has a guide section which is provided for guiding a package.

The guide section can, for example, be provided to guide a package that has been produced in the press box by compacting material to be pressed, while the package is ejected from the press box, for example through a door.

In some embodiments, this can prevent the package from twisting or becoming wedged in the press box during ejection, thus hindering ejection.

According to the invention, the guide section is formed by a vertical offset. The vertical offset is formed in that a bottom of the press box is vertically offset from a bottom of a filling box. The bottom of the press box is offset downwards relative to the bottom of the filling box.

The guide section can be arranged such that it runs parallel to the ejection direction of the package.

In some embodiments, the guide portion is mounted below an opening of the press box through which the compressor engages the press box, and the package is ejected transversely to the direction in which the compressor engages the press box.

In some embodiments, the package is then guided by the guide section during ejection, and the compressor is not required to guide the package during ejection.

In some embodiments, the packaging press is designed such that the compressor is moved from the first press box to the second press box while a package is ejected from the first press box, and that the compressor is moved from the second press box to the first press box while a package is ejected from the second press box. As a result, in some embodiments of the packaging press according to the invention, several, for example two or three, work steps can be carried out in parallel.

For example, while a first package produced in the first press wing is ejected from the first press box by opening a door of the first press box in a first work step and/or pushing the first package out of the first press box through the door with a finished pressure compressor of the first press wing in a second work step, the production of a second package can be started in the second press wing by moving the compressor to the second press box in a third work step.

If the first package is ejected from the first press box before the material to be pressed has been completely pressed into the second press box by the compactor, the door of the first press box is closed and/or the finished pressure compressor of the first press wing is retracted while the compressor is moved further to the second press box.

In some embodiments, three or two work steps are carried out in parallel at times, while in a known baling press a maximum of two work steps can be carried out in parallel and at times only one work step can be carried out.

This makes it possible to save time in some embodiments by producing more packages per unit of time compared to a known packaging press.

In some embodiments, it is necessary for a package to be guided by a guide section during ejection so that the compactor is not required to guide the package and can be moved away from the press box from which the package is ejected during ejection of the package.

In some embodiments, the compressor is designed as a filling pressure compressor.

The filling pressure compactor can, for example, convey material to be pressed, for example from a filling box, into the first and second press boxes and carry out a first compaction step, that is to say, compact the material in a first direction. According to the invention, the baling press further comprises a first and a second filling box section, wherein the compactor conveys material from the first filling box section to the first press box and from the second filling box section to the second press box.

For example, the first filling box section can be arranged in front of the first press box and the second filling box section can be arranged in front of the second press box.

If the compactor is then moved to the first press box, it pushes material from the first hopper section into the first press box, and if it is moved to the second press box, it pushes material from the second hopper section into the second press box.

In some embodiments, the baling press further comprises a material feeder, wherein the material feeder selectively feeds the first filling box section and the second filling box section with material.

For example, the material feeder may directly feed the first hopper section with material to be pressed while the compactor is moved to the second press box or engages the second press box, and may directly feed the second hopper section with material to be pressed while the compactor is moved to the first press box or engages the first press box.

In some embodiments, material feeding is carried out by filling material into a hopper, for example by means of a conveyor belt or a handling device.

In some embodiments, a chute is arranged below the hopper, which guides the material into the filling box section to be fed.

The chute can, for example, be designed to be tiltable or pivotable, so that when the chute is in a first orientation, the first filling box section is selectively fed, and when the chute is in a second orientation, the second filling box section is selectively fed.

In some embodiments, however, the material is also fed by filling material into a first hopper to feed the first filling box section, and by filling material into a second hopper to feed the second filling box section. The material can then be fed, for example, by a handling device or by a pivoting conveyor belt. In the case of a pivoting conveyor belt, the first or the second filling box section can be fed selectively by adjusting its orientation.

In some embodiments, a chute is arranged below the first and second hoppers, which guides the material into the corresponding filling box section.

The first and second funnels can also be designed as double funnels.

In some embodiments, the material feed selectively feeds the first and second hopper sections indirectly by feeding material to be pressed onto the top of the compactor and selectively stripping it from the compactor into the first or second hopper sections. According to the invention, the baling press further comprises a hopper having the first hopper section and the second hopper section, the compactor being arranged in the hopper.

For example, the first hopper section may be arranged at one end of the hopper and the second hopper section may be arranged at an opposite end of the hopper. The compressor may then be arranged in the hopper such that the compressor is moved towards the first hopper section when actuated in a first direction and towards the second hopper section when actuated in a second direction.

In some embodiments, the filling box is arranged between the first and the second press box.

For example, the filling box can be arranged between the first and the second press box such that the first filling box section borders on the first press box and the second filling box section borders on the second press box.

In some embodiments, when actuated in a first direction, the compactor is moved through the first hopper section to the first press box, and when actuated in a second direction, the compactor is moved through the second hopper section to the second press box.

According to the invention, a base of the filling box is vertically displaceable. For example, the filling box can comprise a base and a housing and can be designed such that the base of the filling box can be displaced vertically against the housing of the filling box using screw connections, shims, perforated wedges or in a similar manner.

According to the invention, the filling box is designed in such a way that the housing of the filling box is not displaced when the bottom of the filling box is displaced vertically, but that a compressor arranged in the filling box is displaced.

Both the bottom and the housing of the filling box can include wear plates.

In some embodiments, a shearing blade is arranged on an upper edge of a pressure plate of the compactor and a cutting edge is arranged on an upper edge of an opening in a press box, so that material that protrudes beyond the upper edge of the opening when the press box is filled with the compactor through the opening is severed by shearing forces between the shearing blade and the cutting edge.

Then, by moving the bottom of the filling box vertically, a vertical distance and thus a clearance between the shearing blade and the cutting edge can be set. For example, it can be advantageous to set a clearance of a few tenths of a millimeter between the shearing blade and the cutting edge to ensure that protruding material is cut off at the cutting edge without the compactor becoming wedged on the cutting edge.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the filling box comprises two bottom sections which can be moved vertically independently of one another. The bottom of the filling box can, for example, comprise a first bottom section which is arranged in a first filling box section and a second bottom section which is arranged in a second filling box section, so that by vertically moving the first bottom section, a clearance between a shearing blade on a side of the compactor facing the first filling box section and a cutting edge of a press box arranged on the first filling box section can be adjusted, and by vertically moving the second bottom section, a clearance between a shearing blade on a side of the compactor facing the second filling box section compressor and a cutting edge of a press box arranged on the second filling box section.

In some embodiments, the filling box is mechanically connected to the first and/or second press box.

In some embodiments, a mechanical connection between the filling box and a press box can ensure that material is compacted between the compactor and a front wall of the press box and that the press box is not displaced or knocked over by the compactor.

In some embodiments, the baling press further comprises a hydraulic system (and/or a pneumatic system and/or another drive device) which hydraulically couples the compressor to a door of the first and/or second press box and/or a final pressure compressor of the first and/or second press box for ejecting the package in such a way that the door and/or the final pressure compressor can be operated together with the compressor. In some embodiments, this means that three work steps can be carried out in parallel at times, otherwise two.

For example, the baling press can be designed in such a way that the package is ejected from a press box through a door using a final pressure compressor, whereby the compressor, the final pressure compressor and the door are operated hydraulically.

The compressor can be moved by a first cylinder in a first direction to the first press box and by a second cylinder in a second direction to the second press box.

Hydraulic fluid pushed out of the first cylinder when the compactor is moved in the second direction may be used to open a first door in the first press box and to eject the package from the first press box through the first door using a finished pressure compactor.

Hydraulic fluid pushed out of the second cylinder when the compactor is moved in the first direction can be used to open a second door in the second press box and eject the package from the second press box through the second door using a finished pressure compactor.

In some embodiments, time can be saved because two work steps, namely ejecting the package and moving the compressor out of the press box, or three work steps, namely opening the door, ejecting the package and moving the compressor out of the press box, are carried out (at least partially) in parallel.

In some embodiments, two or more hydraulic cylinders are provided to actuate the compressor in one direction. A number of hydraulic cylinders provided to actuate the compressor in the first direction can correspond to a number of hydraulic cylinders provided to actuate the compressor in the second direction.

The present invention also relates to a method for packaging deformable material with a packaging press, for example as described herein, comprising: operating the compactor in a first direction so that it engages the first press box; pressing deformable material into a package in the first press box; and operating the compactor in a second direction so that it engages the second press box, wherein during the operation of the compactor in the second direction the package is ejected from the first press box and wherein the package is guided on the vertical offset of the first press box during ejection.

The method or the work steps described herein can be implemented in a control system for the packaging press, e.g. as instructions that are executed by a computer, processor, microcontroller or the like and lead to the execution of the method or the work steps of the packaging press described herein.

In some embodiments, the control system can be integrated into the packaging press. In some embodiments, the packaging press is mechanically designed, alternatively or in combination with the control system, such that it can carry out the work steps described herein.

In some embodiments, more packages can be produced per unit of time than with a known packaging press or with a known method because the compactor is moved away from the first press box while the package is ejected and the compactor is simultaneously moved in a second direction and conveys material into the second press box.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• Fig. 1a eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 1b eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik in Seitenansicht veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 2 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem zweiten Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 3 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem dritten Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 4 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem vierten Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 5 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem fünften Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 6 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem sechsten Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 7 eine Paketierpresse nach dem Stand der Technik nach einem siebten Arbeitstakt veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 8 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Zwillingspresse in Übereinstimmung mit der vorliegenden Erfindung veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 10 ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse mit Einzeltrichter veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 11 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse mit Doppeltrichter veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 12 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse mit Mitteln zur Ausrichtung und Sicherung eines Bodens eines Füllkastens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 13a ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines linken Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem ersten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 13b ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines rechten Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem ersten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 14a ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines linken Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem zweiten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 14b ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines rechten Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem zweiten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 15a ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines linken Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem dritten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 15b ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines rechten Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem dritten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 16a ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines linken Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem vierten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 16b ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines rechten Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem vierten Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 17a ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines linken Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem fünften Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 17b ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines rechten Pressflügels einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse nach einem fünften Arbeitstakt eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 18 ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Traverse einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse mit vier Teleskopzylindern veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 19a ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer hydraulischen Kopplung beim Betrieb einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse veranschaulicht;
• Fig. 19b ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer hydraulischen Kopplung beim Betrieb einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse veranschaulicht; und
• Fig. 19c ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer hydraulischen Kopplung beim Betrieb einer erfindungsgemäßen Zwillingspresse veranschaulicht.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

• Fig. 1a illustrates a packaging press according to the state of the art;
• Fig. 1b a prior art baling press illustrated in side view;
• Fig. 2 a prior art baling press after a second working cycle;
• Fig. 3 a prior art baling press after a third working cycle;
• Fig. 4 a prior art baling press after a fourth working cycle;
• Fig. 5 a prior art baling press after a fifth working cycle;
• Fig. 6 a prior art baling press after a sixth working cycle;
• Fig. 7 a state-of-the-art baling press after a seventh working cycle;
• Fig. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a twin press in accordance with the present invention;
• Fig. 9 illustrates a side view of the twin press according to the invention;
• Fig. 10 illustrates an embodiment of the twin press with single hopper according to the invention;
• Fig. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a twin press with double hopper according to the invention;
• Fig. 12 illustrates an embodiment of a twin press according to the invention with means for aligning and securing a bottom of a filling box;
• Fig. 13a illustrates an embodiment of a left press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a first working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 13b illustrates an embodiment of a right press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a first working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 14a illustrates an embodiment of a left press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a second working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 14b illustrates an embodiment of a right press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a second working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 15a illustrates an embodiment of a left press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a third working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 15b illustrates an embodiment of a right press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a third working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 16a illustrates an embodiment of a left press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a fourth working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 16b illustrates an embodiment of a right press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a fourth working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 17a illustrates an embodiment of a left press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a fifth working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 17b illustrates an embodiment of a right press wing of a twin press according to the invention after a fifth working cycle of a method according to the invention;
• Fig. 18 an embodiment of a cross member of a twin press according to the invention with four telescopic cylinders;
• Fig. 19a illustrates a first embodiment of a hydraulic coupling during operation of a twin press according to the invention;
• Fig. 19b a second embodiment of a hydraulic coupling during operation of a twin press according to the invention; and
• Fig. 19c a third embodiment of a hydraulic coupling during operation of a twin press according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION

Before a detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, explanations of the structure and function of a baling press according to the prior art follow with reference to Fig. 1a and Fig. 1b or hereinafter also to the Fig. 2 to 7 .

In Fig. 1 and Fig. 1b a baling press 1 according to the state of the art is shown.

The baling press 1 has a funnel 2 (only in Fig. 1b ), a filling box 3, a pressing box 4, a filling pressure compressor 5, a filling pressure cylinder 6, a shearing knife 7, a cutting edge 8 and stops 9 for the filling pressure compressor 5. Furthermore, the baling press 1 comprises an intermediate pressure compressor 10, an intermediate pressure cylinder 11, stops 12 for the Intermediate pressure compressor 10, a final pressure compressor 13, a final pressure cylinder 14, a package chamber 15, a door 16 and a scraper 17.

The baling press 1 is fed by means of a crane, a conveyor belt, a chute or a scale via the hopper 2. The hopper 2 opens into the filling box 3, so that material to be pressed, which is filled into the hopper 2, falls into the filling box 3.

The filling box 3 is laterally delimited by two side walls, an opening to the press box 4, which borders one end of the filling box 3, and a pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5. At the bottom, the filling box 3 is delimited by a floor.

The filling pressure compressor 5 is arranged at an end of the filling box 3 opposite the press box 4 and is moved horizontally by the filling pressure cylinder 6, a hydraulic cylinder. The filling pressure compressor 5 comprises a pressure plate with which the pressure forces of the filling pressure compressor 5 are transferred to the material to be pressed, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear on the filling pressure compressor 5.

Material to be pressed, which is located in the filling box 3, is pressed into the press box 4 by the filling pressure compressor 5 by extending the filling pressure cylinder 6. Material overhangs of the material to be pressed, which protrude upwards above the pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5, are severed between the shearing blade 7, which is attached to the upper edge of the pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5, and the cutting edge 8, which is arranged on the upper edge of the opening to the press box 4.

The adjustable stops 9 on the filling pressure compressor 5 ensure that the filling pressure compressor 5 reaches a final position that is plane-parallel to a front wall of the press box 4. The distance between the pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5 in the final position and the opposite front wall of the press box 4 corresponds to the width of the package into which the material to be pressed is pressed.

The stops 9 can be aligned as desired using shims. In this way, it is possible to adjust how far the filling pressure compressor 5 engages in the press box 4. In some embodiments, it is advantageous to adjust the stops 9 so that the wear plate of the filling pressure compressor 5 closes the opening of the press box 4 flush with the inner wall of the press box 4, whereby a small amount of play, for example of a few tenths of a millimeter, can prevent the final pressure compressor 13 from hitting the wear plate of the filling pressure compressor 5 when moving forward, thus blocking the pressing process.

Material to be pressed, which is located in the press box 4, is pressed vertically by the intermediate pressure compressor 10 to a height corresponding to the height of the package.

The intermediate pressure compressor 10 is moved by the intermediate pressure cylinder 11, a hydraulic cylinder, and comprises a pressure plate with which the pressure forces of the intermediate pressure compressor 10 are transferred to the material to be pressed, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear of the intermediate pressure compressor 10.

In addition, the intermediate pressure compressor 10 is provided with stops 12. The stops 12 are supported by shims and come into contact with a housing of the baling press 1 when the intermediate pressure compressor 10 reaches a plane-parallel end position. The end position, and thus the height of the package, can be adjusted using the shims.

Furthermore, material to be pressed, which is located in the press box 4, is pressed horizontally and transversely to the working direction of the filling pressure compressor 5 by the final pressure compressor 13 to a length that corresponds to the length of the package.

The finished pressure compressor 13 is moved by the finished pressure cylinder 14, a hydraulic cylinder. The finished pressure compressor 13 comprises a pressure plate with which the pressure forces of the finished pressure compressor 13 are transferred to the material to be pressed and which is adapted to the cross-section of the package, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear of the finished pressure compressor 13.

The final pressure compressor 13 is switched off via a pressure switch when the material to be pressed has been pressed into a package of the desired, variably adjustable length.

The section of the press box 4 in which the finished pressed package is located is the package chamber 15. The package chamber 15 is vertically delimited by a floor and by the pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 10. The package chamber 15 is laterally delimited by the pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5 and the opposite end wall of the press box 4 as well as by the pressure plate of the final pressure compressor 13 and the door 16 opposite it.

The door 16 can be opened and closed hydraulically and serves to eject the finished pressed package from the package chamber 15.

In order to press the material to be pressed into a package, a state-of-the-art baling press 1 requires eight working cycles.

In the first working cycle, the baling press 1 is fed.

The first compaction step takes place in the second work cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 presses the material to be pressed located in the filling box 3 horizontally into the press box 4 for pre-compaction.

Material to be pressed which protrudes beyond the filling box 3 is cut off by the shearing blade 7 at the cutting edge 8.

After the second working cycle, the material to be pressed already has the width of the package, which is given by the width of the press box 4.

The filling pressure compressor 5 remains in the advanced position after the second working stroke.

The work will now be carried out with reference to the Fig. 2 to 7 described.

In Fig. 2 the baling press 1 is shown after the second working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 has moved forward. The intermediate pressure compressor 10 and the final pressure compressor 13 have moved back. The door 16 is closed.

The hopper 2 can still be fed; however, the material that is filled in is held back by the filling pressure compressor 5 and only falls into the filling box 3 when the filling pressure compressor 5 is retracted in a later work cycle. The filling box 3 is therefore fed indirectly.

The second compaction step takes place in the third work cycle. The intermediate pressure compressor 10 is advanced and presses the material to be compressed from above to the final package height for intermediate compaction. The intermediate pressure compressor 10 also remains in the advanced position.

In Fig. 3 the baling press 1 is shown after the third working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 and the intermediate pressure compressor 10 have moved forward. The final pressure compressor 13 has moved back. The door 16 is closed.

The third compaction step takes place in the fourth work cycle. The final pressure compactor 13 is moved forward horizontally and presses the material to be compressed to the final package length for final compaction. The final pressure compactor 13 also remains in the advanced position.

After the fourth work cycle, the material to be pressed is in the package chamber 15 as a finished pressed package with the final dimensions.

The package is enclosed by the pressure plates of the filling pressure compressor 5, the intermediate pressure compressor 10 and the final pressure compressor 13 as well as by the front wall and floor of the press box 4 and the door 16.

In Fig. 4 the baling press 1 is shown after the fourth working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 and the intermediate pressure compressor 10 have advanced. The final pressure compressor 13 has advanced so far that the package is pressed to the desired length. The package is now in the package chamber 15. The door 16 is closed.

In the fifth working cycle, the pressure in the filling pressure compressor 5 and the final pressure compressor 13 and then in the intermediate pressure compressor 10 is relieved.

At the same time as the pressure relief of the intermediate pressure compressor 10, the door 16 on the side of the package chamber 15 opposite the final pressure compressor 13 is opened by means of hydraulic separation. Hydraulic separation means that the pressure relief of the intermediate pressure compressor 10 and the opening of the door 16 take place via hydraulic systems independent of one another.

After the fifth working cycle, the package lies stress-free in the package chamber 15.

In Fig. 5 the baling press 1 is shown after the fifth working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 and the intermediate pressure compressor 10 have advanced, but are not exerting any pressure on the package. The final pressure compressor 13 has advanced to the desired package length, but is also not exerting any pressure on the package. The package lies tension-free in the package chamber 15. The door 16 is open.

In the sixth working stroke, the package is ejected from the package chamber 15 through the opened door 16 by further advancing the final pressure compressor 13.

The package is guided laterally through the pressure plate of the filling pressure compressor 5 and from above through the pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 10 so that it does not become wedged horizontally or vertically and thus hinder the ejection process.

In Fig. 6 the baling press 1 is shown after the sixth working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 and the intermediate pressure compressor 10 have advanced, but are not exerting any pressure. The final pressure compressor 13 has advanced so far that the package is ejected through the door 16. The door 16 is open.

After the sixth working cycle, there is a cavity behind the fully advanced final pressure compressor 13. If the filling pressure compressor 5 were to be moved back behind the cutting edge 8 at this time, material falling into the filling box 3 could penetrate into the cavity and hinder the lifting movements of the final pressure compressor 13.

Therefore, in the seventh working stroke, only the final pressure compressor 13 is partially retracted until the cavity is closed.

In Fig. 7 the baling press 1 is shown after the seventh working cycle. The filling pressure compressor 5 and the intermediate pressure compressor 10 have moved forward. The final pressure compressor 13 has moved back so far that no more material can penetrate into the cavity behind the final pressure compressor 13. The door 16 is open.

Then, in the eighth working cycle, the filling pressure compressor 5, the intermediate pressure compressor 10 and the final pressure compressor 13 are returned to their starting positions. The door 16 is also closed.

In this case, the retraction of the filling pressure compressor 5 and the retraction of the final pressure compressor 13 over a remaining distance takes place by means of hydraulic coupling, that is, by means of a predetermined oil transfer, so that the filling pressure compressor 5 and the final pressure compressor 13 are retracted together, while the intermediate pressure compressor 13 and the door 16 are retracted by means of hydraulic separation.

When the filling pressure compressor 5 moves back, the path for material to be pressed in the hopper 2 into the filling box 3 is cleared. Material lying on the filling pressure compressor 5 is scraped off into the filling box 3 by the scraper 17.

After the eighth working cycle, the baling press 1 is back in its initial state.

The eight work cycles of a state-of-the-art packaging press run serially and require a lot of time.

In the following, an embodiment of a baling press according to the invention is described with reference to the Fig. 8 and the following, designed here as a twin press 20, which is designed to produce sufficiently pressed packages in a shorter time and with less wear, less energy consumption and/or less space required per package produced than the known packaging press 1 according to the prior art described above.

In Fig. 8 A twin press 20 is illustrated in accordance with the present invention. For the sake of clarity, Fig. 8 only compressors and doors as well as associated hydraulic cylinders are shown.

The twin press 20 has a left press wing 21a, a right press wing 21b, a filling box 22 and a filling pressure compressor 23.

The filling box 22 is arranged between the left pressing wing 21a and the right pressing wing 21b and has a left filling box section 22a and a right filling box section 22b. The left filling box section 22a is a section of the filling box 22 that borders the left pressing wing 21a and the right filling box section 22b is a section of the filling box 22 that borders the right pressing wing 21b.

The filling box 22 also has a bottom 42 (not in Fig. 8 In the present embodiment, the base 42 comprises a left base section 42a, which is in the left filling box section 22a and a right bottom section 42b which is arranged in the right filling box section 22b.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is arranged in the filling box 22.

If the filling pressure compressor 23 is actuated in the direction of the left pressing wing 21a, then the filling pressure compressor 23 in the filling box 22 moves through the left filling box section 22a to the left pressing wing 21a. If, on the other hand, the filling pressure compressor 23 is actuated in the direction of the right pressing wing 21b, then the filling pressure compressor 23 in the filling box 22 moves through the right filling box section 22b to the right pressing wing 21b.

The filling pressure compressor 23 has two pressure plates, a left filling pressure plate 23a and a right filling pressure plate 23b, with which pressure forces can be transferred from the filling pressure compressor 23 to the material to be pressed.

The filling pressure compressor 23 further comprises two wear plates (not shown). One wear plate each is attached to the left filling pressure plate 23a and to the right filling pressure plate 23b in order to reduce wear on the filling pressure compressor 23.

The filling pressure compressor 23 also includes an upper connecting piece 23c and lower connecting pieces 23d to which the sections of the filling pressure compressor 23 to which the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b are attached are connected.

The left press wing 21a has a press box 24 and a package chamber 24a (each not shown in Fig. 8 The package chamber 24a is a portion of the press box 24 which has the dimensions of a finished pressed package and in which a finished pressed package lies after pressing.

The press box 24 also has a front wall 24b (not in Fig. 8 shown), which is arranged opposite the left filling pressure plate 23a, so that material to be pressed can be compacted in the filling box 24 between the front wall 24b and the left filling pressure plate 23a.

The left press wing 21a further has an intermediate pressure compressor 25, a finished pressure compressor 26 and a door 27 as well as an intermediate pressure cylinder 28, a finished pressure cylinder 29 and stops 30 for the intermediate pressure compressor 25.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25 is arranged vertically. It has a pressure plate with which pressure forces can be transferred from the intermediate pressure compressor 25 to the material to be pressed, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear on the intermediate pressure compressor 25.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25 is moved by the intermediate pressure cylinder 28, a hydraulic cylinder, and presses material to be pressed, which is located in the press box 24 of the left pressing wing 21a, from above into the package chamber 24a of the left pressing wing 21a. The material to be pressed is pressed to a height that corresponds to the height of a package to be produced.

The height of the package to be produced can be adjusted using adjustable stops 30 for the intermediate pressure compressor 25. In some embodiments, the stops 30 ensure that the intermediate pressure compressor 25 reaches a plane-parallel end position.

The finished pressure compressor 26 is arranged horizontally and is moved by the finished pressure cylinder 29, a hydraulic cylinder. The finished pressure compressor 26 also has a pressure plate with which pressure forces can be transferred from the finished pressure compressor 26 to the material to be pressed, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear on the finished pressure compressor 26.

The final pressure compressor 26 presses material to be pressed located in the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a transversely to the working direction of the filling pressure compressor 23 into the package chamber 24a of the left press wing 21a. The material to be pressed is pressed to a length that corresponds to the length of the package to be produced.

The package chamber 24a of the left press wing 21a is a section of the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a in which a finished pressed package lies, and is limited on the side opposite the finished pressure compressor 26 by the door 27. The door 27 is opened and closed hydraulically. It serves to eject a finished pressed package from the package chamber 24a of the left press wing 21a.

The right press wing 21b has a press box 31 and a package chamber 31a (each not shown in Fig. 8 The package chamber 31a is a section of the press box 31 which has the dimensions of a finished pressed package and in which a finished pressed package lies after pressing.

The press box 31 also has a front wall 31b (not in Fig. 8 shown), which is arranged opposite the right filling pressure plate 23b, so that material to be pressed can be compacted in the filling box 31 between the front wall 31b and the right filling pressure plate 23b.

The right press wing 21b further has an intermediate pressure compressor 32, a finished pressure compressor 33 and a door 34 as well as an intermediate pressure cylinder 35, a finished pressure cylinder 36 and stops 37 for the intermediate pressure compressor 32.

The intermediate pressure compressor 32 is arranged vertically. It has a pressure plate with which pressure forces are transferred from the intermediate pressure compressor 32 to the material to be pressed as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear of the intermediate pressure compressor 32.

The intermediate pressure compressor 32 is moved by the intermediate pressure cylinder 35, a hydraulic cylinder, and presses material to be pressed, which is located in the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b, from above into the package chamber 31a of the right press wing 21b. The material to be pressed is pressed to a height that corresponds to the height of a package to be produced.

The height of the package to be produced can be adjusted using adjustable stops 37 for the intermediate pressure compressor 32. In this embodiment, the stops 37 ensure that the intermediate pressure compressor 32 reaches a plane-parallel end position.

The finished pressure compressor 33 is arranged horizontally and is moved by the finished pressure cylinder 36, a hydraulic cylinder. The finished pressure compressor 33 has a pressure plate with which pressure forces can be transferred from the finished pressure compressor 33 to the material to be pressed, as well as a wear plate (not shown) which reduces wear on the finished pressure compressor 33.

The final pressure compressor 33 presses material to be pressed located in the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b transversely to the working direction of the filling pressure compressor 23 into the package chamber 31a of the right press wing 21b. The material to be pressed is pressed to a length that corresponds to the length of the package to be produced.

The package chamber 31a of the right pressing wing 21b is a section of the pressing box 31 of the right pressing wing 21b in which a finished pressed package lies, and is delimited by the door 34 on the side opposite the finished pressure compressor 33. The door 34 can be opened and closed hydraulically, for example. It serves to eject a finished pressed package from the package chamber 31a of the right pressing wing 21b.

The door 27 of the left press wing 21a and the door 34 of the right press wing 21b can be arranged on the same side of the twin press 20 so that manufactured packages are ejected from both press wings 21a, 21b in the same direction. The door 27 and the door 34 can also be arranged on opposite sides of the twin press 20 so that manufactured packages are ejected from the press wings 21a, 21b in opposite directions. The latter is in Fig. 8 shown.

The left pressing wing 21a and the right pressing wing 21b are connected to the common filling box 22, so that the pressing box 24 of the left pressing wing 21a and the pressing box 31 of the right pressing wing 21b are arranged at opposite ends of the common filling box 22.

The press box 24 of the left press wing 21a and the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b are here mechanically connected to the common filling box 22.

The press box 24 of the left press wing 21a and the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b can be arranged parallel to each other; in this embodiment, for example, they are arranged linearly, with the common filling box 22 being arranged between the press box 24 and the press box 31.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is arranged in the middle of the common filling box 22. The filling pressure compressor 23 has the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b. This divides the common filling box 22 into the left filling box section 22a and the right filling box section 22b.

The filling pressure compressor 23 presses material to be pressed, which is located in the left filling box section 22a, into the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a with the left filling pressure plate 23a, and presses material to be pressed, which is located in the right filling box section 22b, into the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b with the right filling pressure plate 23b.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is pressed by a hydraulic telescopic cylinder 38 to the left pressing wing 21a, which is concentrically connected to a back side of the left filling pressure plate 23a.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is also pressed towards the right press wing 21b by two hydraulic telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b, which are laterally offset connected to a rear side of the right filling pressure plate 23b.

In Fig. 9 a side view of a twin press 20 according to the invention is illustrated.

The telescopic cylinder 38 and the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are attached to a common mechanical support 40, a so-called cross member 40. The cross member 40 is fixed relative to the common filling box 22.

When the telescopic cylinder 38 or the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are extended, both the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b move parallel to the connecting line of the press boxes 24, 31 of the left press wing 21a and the right press wing 21b due to a mechanical connection of the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b and due to the fixed arrangement of the telescopic cylinder 38 and the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b on the cross member 40.

The mechanical connection between the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b is here, among other things, by the upper connecting piece 23c and the lower Connecting pieces 23d are provided so that the filling pressure compressor 23 moves together with the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b.

The upper connecting piece 23c and the lower connecting pieces 23d provide additional mechanical strength during the movement of the filling pressure compressor 23.

The top of the filling pressure compressor 23 comprises two sections which are connected by the upper connecting piece 23c via a longitudinal groove. The upper connecting piece 23c is fastened with blind screws whose heads are flush with the top of the filling pressure compressor 23 so that the blind screws do not get caught on scrapers 47, 48. The blind screws are arranged in the groove. The forces occurring during compression are not transmitted via the blind screws but via cross-sectional areas of the upper connecting piece 23c and the top sections of the filling pressure compressor 23 which are in contact with one another. The blind screws therefore only serve to fasten the upper connecting piece 23c and not to transmit force.

The lower connecting pieces 23d are designed as two square irons 23d. They are also connected to sections of the filling pressure compressor 23 via a groove and are fastened with a screw connection that is arranged in the groove. Here too, the force is not transmitted via the screw connection, but via cross-sectional areas of the lower connecting pieces 23d and cross-sectional areas of sections of the filling pressure compressor 23 that are in contact with them. Accordingly, here too, the screw connection is not used to transmit the force, but only to fasten the lower connecting pieces 23d.

In this embodiment, the filling pressure compressor 23 and the filling pressure plates 23a and 23b are not provided with adjustment-safe stops that ensure that a plane-parallel end position is reached. Instead, an end position is determined by means of thin shims between the working pistons of the telescopic cylinders 38, 39a and 39b and the associated impact plates.

Again Fig. 9 can be removed, a bottom 41 of the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b is offset downwards relative to a bottom section 42b of the right filling box section 22b.

In the right part of Fig. 9 the package chamber 31a is illustrated, i.e. the section of the press box 31 in which a finished pressed package lies.

Due to the vertical offset of the bottom 41 of the press box 31 relative to the bottom section 42b of the right filling box section 22b, a fully pressed package is guided during ejection.

This can prevent the package from becoming jammed during ejection and thus hindering ejection.

With a package width of 400 millimeters and a package height of 400 millimeters, as in the present embodiment, the vertical offset between the bottom 41 of the press box 31 and the bottom section 42b of the right filling box section 22b can be, for example, 40 millimeters.

Due to the vertical offset between the bottom 41 of the press box 31 of a press wing 21b and the bottom section 42b of the right filling box section 22b, the filling pressure plate 23b is not required to guide the package during ejection.

Therefore, parallel to a work step in which the intermediate pressure cylinder 35 and the finishing pressure cylinder 36 of the right press wing 21b are relieved, the telescopic cylinder 38 can be extended, which presses material to be pressed into the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a via the left filling pressure plate 23a.

Due to the mechanical connection 23c, 23d between the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b, the right filling pressure plate 23b also moves and presses parts of the telescopic cylinders 39a, 39b into their starting position.

In the present embodiments, return oil, which is pressed out of the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b, is not fed back into a hydraulic tank, but is used by means of hydraulic coupling, i.e. a forced predetermined oil transfer, to open the door 34 and to eject the package through the finished pressure compressor 33.

Accordingly, it is possible in the present case that, parallel to a work step in which the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 and the finishing pressure cylinder 29 of the left press wing 21a are relieved, the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are extended, which press material to be pressed into the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b via the right filling pressure plate 23b.

Due to the mechanical connection 23c, 23d between the left filling pressure plate 23a and the right filling pressure plate 23b, the left filling pressure plate 23a also moves and presses parts of the telescopic cylinder 38 into their starting position.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, return oil which is pressed out of the telescopic cylinder 38 is not fed back into a hydraulic tank, but is used by means of hydraulic coupling to open the door 27 and to eject a package through the finished pressure compressor 26.

In this way, the number of packages produced per unit of time can be increased compared to the state of the art according to the Fig. 1 to 7 be reduced.

The twin press 20 also has a shearing blade 43 and a cutting edge 44, with which material is separated that protrudes beyond the filling pressure compressor 23 when the material to be pressed is pressed into the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a, and a shearing blade 45 and a cutting edge 46, with which material is separated that protrudes beyond the filling pressure compressor 23 when the material to be pressed is pressed into the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b.

In addition, the twin press 20 has a stripper 47 which strips material to be pressed, which lies on the filling pressure compressor 23 when the filling pressure compressor 23 moves away from the left press wing 21a, into the left filling box section 22a, and a stripper 48 which strips material to be pressed, which lies on the filling pressure compressor 23 when the filling pressure compressor 23 moves away from the right press wing 21b, into the right filling box section 22b.

Since in the present embodiment the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved away from the left pressing wing 21a while a finished pressed package is ejected from the pressing box 24 of the left pressing wing 21a by the finishing pressure compressor 26, material to be pressed could fall into the left filling box section 22a while the finishing pressure compressor 26 is advanced.

In order to prevent material from falling into the press box 24 behind the advanced finished pressure compressor 26 and hindering the retraction of the finished pressure compressor 26, in the present embodiment the finished pressure compressor 26 is designed with a sufficient length so that no material can get behind the finished pressure compressor 26 even when the finished pressure compressor 26 is advanced.

For example, the length of the finished pressure compressor 26 may be at least the length of the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a, as in Fig. 8 shown.

The same applies to the length of the finished pressure compressor 33 of the right press wing 21b.

In Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 Embodiments for feeding the twin press 20 according to the invention are illustrated.

While a baling press 1 according to the prior art is fed, for example, via a conveyor belt and a hopper 2, with the material flow running consistently via the sole filling box 3 into the sole pressing box 4, material to be pressed in a twin press 20 according to the invention is conveyed via two filling box sections 22a, 22b into two pressing boxes 24, 31. Depending on the position of the filling pressure compressor 23, material to be pressed is filled either into the left filling box section 22a or into the right filling box section 22b to be pressed into the corresponding press box 24 or 31.

In the following, two embodiments of the periphery of a twin press 20 according to the invention for feeding the left filling box section 22a and the right filling box section 22b are described (in some embodiments, the periphery also belongs to the twin press).

In Fig. 10 , a twin press 20 according to the invention is illustrated, the periphery of which comprises a single hopper 49 and a chute 50.

The single funnel 49 is mounted on a mechanical support.

This makes it possible to feed the twin press 20 via a conveyor belt or a handling device.

Material to be pressed is directed from the outlet of the individual hopper 49 onto the chute 50.

The chute 50 is mechanically connected to a basic frame of the twin press 20 and can be aligned, in the present embodiment hydraulically, depending on the desired material flow of the material to be pressed by tilting in the direction of the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a or the right press wing 21b.

In Fig. 11 1 shows a twin press 20 according to the invention, the periphery of which comprises a double hopper 51 and a double chute 52.

The double hopper 51 is mechanically mounted on a support and is divided into two hoppers, each of which directs material to be pressed to one side of the double chute 52.

The double chute 52 is mechanically connected to the double hopper 51 and directs the material to be pressed into the corresponding filling box section 22a, 22b.

The feeding of the twin press 20 from Fig. 11 is carried out through the double hopper 51 by means of a handling device or by means of a pivoting conveyor belt.

In Fig. 12 an embodiment of the twin press 20 with means for aligning and securing the bottom 42 of the filling box 22 is illustrated.

In order to ensure that the filling pressure compressor 23 can be guided in a way that is safe from tipping moments, in particular during a cutting process when protruding material is cut off at the shearing blade 43 and the cutting edge 44 or at the shearing blade 45 and the cutting edge 46, the Bottom 42 of the filling box 22 of the twin press 20 is aligned and secured by various components.

Under the floor 42 of the filling box 22, crossbeams 53 are arranged transversely to the connecting line of the two pressing wings 21a and 21b and are connected to the floor 42 by screw connections.

The screw connections allow the bottom 42 of the filling box 22 to be adjusted in the vertical direction.

In addition, a further cross member 54 is arranged at the opposite ends of the filling box 22, which is in the lower part of Fig. 12 is shown in detail as an example for one end of the filling box 22.

The cross member 54 counteracts a tilting moment that occurs during the cutting process and, with the help of shims, enables a precise alignment of a clearance between the shearing blade 43 and the cutting edge 44 or between the shearing blade 45 and the cutting edge 46.

In order to ensure that the clearance between the shearing blade 43 or 45 and the cutting edge 44 or 46 can be precisely aligned, the cross member 54 is vertically adjusted at both ends using two perforated wedges 55 each.

The hole wedges 55 are fixed via a vertical threaded rod 56 with lock nuts 57 and via a horizontal threaded rod 58.

To further secure the bottom 42 of the filling box 22 and to reduce the play between the shearing blades 43 or 45 and the cutting edge 44 or 46, two tapered square irons 59 are also arranged at each of the two ends of the filling box 22.

The square irons 59 are each arranged adjustable via a threaded rod 60 under the cross member 54 and are fixed with a wedge 61 which belongs to a stand of the baling press 20.

The interaction of the crossbeams 53, the crossbeams 54, the hole wedges 55, the vertical threaded rods 56 with lock nuts 57, the horizontal threaded rods 58, the square irons 59, the threaded rods 60 and the wedge 61 enables precise alignment of the filling pressure compressor 23.

In some embodiments, the filling pressure compressor 23 can be kept in a vertical floating state using trapezoidal wear plates and can only be guided horizontally. As a result, in some embodiments, less wear can occur.

In the following, an exemplary method according to the invention for packaging deformable material with a packaging press, such as the twin press 20 explained above, is described.

In the following description of an exemplary process, six work cycles are described in the Fig. 13a to 17b which are carried out serially and cyclically in a packaging press according to the invention designed as a twin press 20.

Since the work cycles of the twin press 20 are carried out cyclically, the work cycles can be numbered at any work cycle. For better comprehensibility, the numbering of the work cycles is chosen here so that a package is produced in the left press wing 21a from the first to the sixth work cycle.

In a first working cycle, the left filling box section 22a of the twin press 20, which borders on the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a, is fed with material to be pressed.

Fig. 13a and 13b illustrate the twin press 20 after the first work cycle.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is moved away from the left press wing 21a so that a maximum filling box section 22a between the left press wing 21a and the left filling pressure plate 23a is free and can be filled with material.

The material can be fed, for example, via a conveyor belt, a handling device, a hopper, a chute or a combination of these, as explained above.

Material filled into the left filling box section 22a remains on the bottom 42 of the filling box 22 between the left press wing 21a and the left filling pressure plate 23a.

In the first working cycle, the finishing pressure cylinder 29 and the cylinder 63 are moved back to their starting positions. This means that the left finishing pressure compressor 26 is moved out of the left press box 24 by the finishing pressure cylinder 29 and the door 27 is closed by the cylinder 63.

The finished pressure compressor 26 is first moved back a certain distance alone until it no longer interferes with the closing of the door 27.

The final pressure compressor 26 is then moved back the remaining distance together with the door 27 by means of hydraulic coupling. In this case, return oil, which is produced when the final pressure compressor 26 moves back, is fed to the cylinder 63, which is then extended and closes the door 27.

The hydraulically movable units of the left press wing 21a are in a starting position after the first working cycle.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25, which is moved by the hydraulic intermediate pressure cylinder 28, is moved upwards and the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 is retracted.

The finished pressure compressor 26, which is moved by the hydraulic finished pressure cylinder 29, is moved out of the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a and the finished pressure cylinder 29 is retracted.

The door 27, which is moved by a hydraulic cylinder 63, is closed and the cylinder 63 is extended.

As a result, the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a is free and can be filled via an opening to the filling box 22.

At the same time, the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved in the direction of the right press wing 21b.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is moved by the telescopic cylinder 38 and the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b. The telescopic cylinder 38 is retracted, the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are extended.

The filling pressure compressor 23 engages, with the right filling pressure plate 23b and/or a wear plate attached thereto, in the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b.

The intermediate pressure compressor 32, which is moved by the hydraulic intermediate pressure cylinder 35, has moved down as far as the stops 37 allow and the intermediate pressure cylinder 35 is extended.

The final pressure compactor 33, which is moved by the hydraulic final pressure cylinder 36, is moved into the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b in the first working cycle and carries out a third compaction step for the final compaction of material located in the press box 31 into a package.

After the first working cycle, the final pressure compressor 33 is moved into the press box 31 up to a predetermined length of a package and the final pressure cylinder 36 is partially extended accordingly.

The door 34, which is moved by a hydraulic cylinder 65, is closed and the cylinder 65 is extended.

For example, the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b may contain a package that has been pressed from deformable material in previous work cycles, including the first work cycle in the press box 31.

The section of the press box 31 in which the finished pressed package is located is the package chamber 31a.

In a second working cycle, the telescopic cylinder 38 is extended.

Fig. 14a and 14b illustrate the twin press 20 after the second working cycle.

By extending the telescopic cylinder 38, the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved to the left pressing wing 21a.

Material that is located in the left filling box section 22a between the left press wing 21a and the left filling pressure plate 23a, because it was filled into the left filling box section 22a in the first working cycle, for example, is conveyed by the filling pressure compressor 23 with the filling pressure plate 23a into the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a.

Material that protrudes beyond the filling pressure compressor 23 is severed by a shearing action between the shearing blade 43, which is arranged on an upper edge of the filling pressure compressor 23, and the cutting edge 44 and remains, for example, on the filling pressure compressor 23.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is moved by the telescopic cylinder 38 in the direction of the left pressing wing 21a until the filling pressure compressor 23, with the left filling pressure plate 23a and/or a wear plate attached thereto, engages in the pressing box 24 of the left pressing wing 21a.

The telescopic cylinder 38 is extended until it reaches an end position. The end position can be adjusted using thin shims between a baffle plate and a working piston of the telescopic cylinder 38.

Material located in the press box 24 is compressed between the left filling pressure plate 23a and the front wall 24b of the press box 24 to a predetermined package width.

This is a first compaction step for pre-compaction, in which the material is compacted in a first direction, namely in the working direction of the filling pressure compactor 23.

As soon as the filling pressure compressor 23 engages in the press box 24, the left filling box section 22a between the left press wing 21a and the stripper 47 can be indirectly fed with further material to be pressed. The material remains on the filling pressure compressor 23 and is stripped off into the left filling box section 22a at the stripper 47 in a later work cycle.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25, the final pressure compressor 26 and the door 63 remain in their initial position in the second working stroke.

However, the filling pressure compressor 23 is also moved away from the right press wing 21b by the extension of the telescopic cylinder 38.

The right filling box section 22b between the right filling pressure plate 23b and the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b is freed and can from then on be directly fed with material to be pressed.

It may happen that material to be pressed lies on the filling pressure compressor 23 between the scraper 48 and the right-hand press wing 21b, for example because it has been filled into the twin press 20 via a material feed while the filling pressure compressor 23 has reached into the press box 31 of the right-hand press wing 21b, or because it has been severed by a shearing effect between the shearing blade 45 and the cutting edge 46 when the filling pressure compressor 23 moves in the direction of the right-hand press wing 21b.

When the filling pressure compressor 23 moves in the direction of the left press wing 21a, this material is scraped off by the scraper 48 into the right filling box section 22b between the right filling pressure plate 23b and the press box 31.

When the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved to the left pressing wing 21a, the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are compressed between the filling pressure compressor 23 and the crossbeams 40. In the process, hydraulic fluid, for example hydraulic oil, hereinafter referred to as return oil, is pressed out of the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b.

The return oil is not fed back unused into a hydraulic tank, but is used to eject a package from the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b.

To eject the package, the pressure in the intermediate pressure cylinder 35 and the finishing pressure cylinder 36 is relieved so that the package lies stress-free in the press box 31.

To eject the package, the door 34 is opened by the cylinder 65 using the return oil from the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b and the finished pressure compressor 33 is moved further into the press box 31 by the finished pressure cylinder 36 so that the finished pressure cylinder 36 pushes the package out of the press box 31 through the door 34. The package is guided at a vertical offset between a base 41 of the press box 31 and the right base section 42b of the filling box 22 so that it does not become wedged and hinder the ejection.

In addition, the package is guided by the pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 32 during ejection so that it does not become jammed.

In a third working cycle, the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 is advanced. The intermediate pressure compressor 25 of the left press wing 21a is pressed downwards into the press box 24.

Fig. 15a and 15b illustrate the twin press 20 after the third working cycle.

The material in the press box 24 is pressed to a predetermined package height by the vertically arranged intermediate pressure compressor 25, which is moved by the intermediate pressure cylinder 28.

This is a second compaction step for intermediate compaction of the material to be pressed. The material is compacted in a second direction, namely the working direction of the intermediate pressure compressor 25.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25 comprises adjustment-safe stops 30, with which it can be ensured that the intermediate pressure compressor 25 reaches an end position in which a pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 25 is plane-parallel to a bottom of the press box 24.

The intermediate pressure compressor 25 is moved over a longer distance than an intermediate pressure compressor 10 of a package press 1 according to the prior art, because the bottom of the press box 24 is offset downwards relative to the left bottom section 42b of the filling box 22, so that a package can be guided on the vertical offset thus formed during ejection and does not become wedged.

The filling pressure compressor 23, the final pressure compressor 26 and the door 27 are not moved in the third working cycle. Accordingly, the filling pressure compressor 23 continues to engage in the press box 24, the final pressure compressor 26 remains outside the press box 24 and the door 27 remains closed.

The intermediate pressure compressor 32 of the right press wing 21b can, for example, be moved upwards out of the press box 31 in the third working cycle by retracting the intermediate pressure cylinder 35.

The final pressure compressor 33 and the door 34 are not moved in the third working cycle. Accordingly, the final pressure compressor 33 remains moved into the press box 31 and the door 34 remains closed.

In a fourth working cycle, the finishing pressure cylinder 29 is advanced. The finishing pressure compressor 26 of the left press wing 21a is moved into the press box 24.

Fig. 16a and 16b illustrate the twin press 20 after the fourth working cycle.

The final pressure compressor 26 is moved into the press box 24 in a horizontal guide channel arranged transversely to the working direction of the filling pressure compressor 23 until it reaches a predetermined position and is switched off, for example by a pressure switch.

The pre-pressed material in the press box 24 is pressed to a predetermined package length in a third direction, namely in the working direction of the final pressure compressor 26. This is a third compaction step for final compaction.

The material to be pressed now lies as a finished pressed package with the predetermined dimensions in the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a. The section of the press box 24 in which the finished pressed package lies is the package chamber 24a.

The filling pressure compressor 23, the intermediate pressure compressor 25 and the door 27 are not moved in the fourth working cycle. Accordingly, the filling pressure compressor 23 continues to engage in the press box 24, the intermediate pressure compressor 25 continues to move into the press box 24 from above and the door 27 remains closed.

The final pressure compressor 33 is moved out of the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b in the fourth working cycle and the door 34 is closed. The intermediate pressure compressor 32 is not moved in the fourth working cycle and accordingly continues to be moved upwards out of the press box 31.

In a fifth working cycle, the finished pressed package is ejected from the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a.

Fig. 17a and 17b illustrate the twin press 20 after the fifth working cycle.

At the beginning of the fifth working cycle, the fully pressed package is surrounded in the package chamber 24a of the left press wing 21a by the left filling pressure plate 23a, the pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 25, the pressure plate of the final pressure compressor 26, the door 27 and a floor as well as the front wall 24b of the press box 24.

In order for the package to be ejected from the press box 24 by the finished pressure compressor 26 after the door 27 has been opened, the package is in a stress-free state.

To achieve this stress-free state, the following steps are carried out in parallel:
The pressure in the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 and the final pressure cylinder 29 is relieved, the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are extended, the door 27 is opened and the final pressure compressor 26 is moved further into the press box 24 and thus pushes the package out of the press box 24 through the door 27.

The pressure relief of the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 and the final pressure cylinder 29 is provided so that the package lies stress-free in the package chamber 24a.

By extending the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b, the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved away from the left press wing 21a.

On the one hand, this is also intended so that the package lies stress-free in the package chamber 24a.

On the other hand, material to be pressed, which lies in the right filling box section 22b between the scraper 48 and the press box 31 of the right pressing wing 21b, can be conveyed by the filling pressure compressor 23 into the press box 31 and pre-compacted in a first compaction step, while the package is ejected from the press box 24 of the left pressing wing 21a.

In addition, material to be pressed, which lies between the left press wing 21a and the scraper 47 on the filling pressure compressor 23, is scraped off at the scraper 47 into the left filling box section 22a between the press box 24 of the left press wing 21a and the left filling pressure plate 23a when the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved to the right press wing 21b.

In order to prevent the package from becoming wedged in the press box 24 during ejection and hindering the ejection, it must be guided during ejection.

In a baling press 1 according to the prior art, a package is guided during ejection by a filling pressure plate of a filling pressure compressor 5.

Since the filling pressure compressor 23 of the twin press 20 is moved away from the press box 24 during ejection of the package, the filling pressure compressor 23 is not available for guiding the package during ejection.

The twin press 20 therefore has a guide section in the form of a vertical offset between a bottom of the press box 24 and the left bottom section 42a of the filling box 22. The bottom of the press box 24, and thus the guide channel in which the finished pressure compressor 26 is moved, is offset downwards against the left bottom section 42a of the filling box 22.

This vertical offset is sufficiently dimensioned so that the package can be guided during ejection even without a stabilizing effect of the left filling pressure plate 23a and does not become wedged.

During ejection, the package is also guided by the pressure plate of the intermediate pressure compressor 25 so that it does not become jammed.

By extending the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b and the corresponding movement of the filling pressure compressor 23, the telescopic cylinder 38 is compressed.

Hydraulic fluid, for example hydraulic oil (but can also be any other fluid), hereinafter referred to as return oil, which is pressed out of the telescopic cylinder 38, is used to open the door 27 with the cylinder 63 by means of a hydraulic coupling and to move the finished pressure compressor 26 with the finished pressure cylinder 29 further into the press box 24.

As a result, the package is pushed out of the press box 24 through the door 27 by the finished pressure compressor 26. The package is guided along the vertical offset so that it does not become wedged and hinder the ejection.

The intermediate pressure compressor 32 and the final pressure compressor 33 of the right press wing 21b remain moved out of the press box 31 in the fifth working cycle, and the door 34 remains closed.

The work steps that are carried out in the fifth work cycle in the right press wing 21b by actuating the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b correspond to work steps that are carried out in the second work cycle in the left press wing 21a by actuating the telescopic cylinder 38.

In the sixth working cycle, the intermediate pressure cylinder 28 is moved back to its starting position. As a result, the intermediate pressure compressor 25 is moved upwards out of the press box 24 by the intermediate pressure cylinder 28.

For example, the intermediate pressure compressor 25 can be moved out of the press box 24 by means of hydraulic separation.

In the press box 31 of the right press wing 21b, an intermediate compaction of material located in the press box 31 takes place in the sixth working cycle with a second compaction step with the intermediate pressure compressor 32, in that the intermediate pressure compressor 32 is moved from the intermediate pressure cylinder 35 into the press box 31.

After the sixth working stroke, a new working stroke cycle is started with the first working stroke.

Since the twin press 20 is designed symmetrically, work steps in the left press wing 21a that are carried out in the first work cycle correspond to work steps in the right press wing 21b that are carried out in the fourth work cycle, and vice versa. Likewise, work steps that are carried out in the left press wing 21a in the second work cycle correspond to work steps in the right press wing 21b that are carried out in the fifth work cycle, and vice versa. Likewise, work steps in the left press wing 21a that are carried out in the third work cycle correspond to work steps in the right press wing 21b that are carried out in the sixth work cycle, and vice versa.

Corresponding work steps are therefore carried out in the right press wing 21b with a phase shift of three work cycles compared to the left press wing 21a.

There are various options for the order in which the intermediate pressure cylinder 28, the final pressure cylinder 29 and the cylinder 63 are returned to their starting positions after the package has been ejected. Since only a small amount of pressure is exerted when the cylinders 28, 29, 63 are returned and mainly large volumes of hydraulic fluid have to be moved, in some embodiments the return is preferably carried out by means of hydraulic coupling, so that return oil is used in an energy-efficient manner to move other hydraulic cylinders without having to go via a hydraulic tank.

Therefore, in some embodiments, the left intermediate pressure cylinder 28 is moved back to its starting position in the sixth working cycle in order to move the right intermediate pressure compressor 32 with the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 into the right press box 31 in parallel by means of hydraulic separation.

Then, the left finishing cylinder 29 and the cylinder 63 can optionally be moved back to their starting positions in the fifth and/or sixth working cycle, whereby they can optionally be moved back in the sixth working cycle before, during and/or after the left intermediate printing cylinder 28 is moved back.

For example, the left finishing pressure cylinder 29 can first be moved back alone until the left finishing pressure compressor 26 no longer hinders the closing process of the door 27. The left finishing pressure cylinder 26 can then be moved back further and at the same time the door 27 can be closed with the cylinder 63 by means of hydraulic coupling.

In some embodiments, however, the left finishing pressure cylinder 29 can also be moved back to its starting position in the sixth working cycle so that the left intermediate pressure cylinder 28 can use the resulting return oil to move the left intermediate pressure compressor 25 to the starting position by means of a hydraulic coupling. This can be particularly advantageous if the displacement of the left finishing pressure cylinder 29 is larger than the displacement of the left intermediate pressure cylinder 28.

In some embodiments, there is still enough return oil to close the door 27 with the cylinder 63 by means of hydraulic coupling, or the door 27 is closed with return oil that accrues when the left intermediate pressure cylinder 28 moves back.

Corresponding considerations can also be carried out for a retraction of the right intermediate printing cylinder 35, the right finishing printing cylinder 36 and the cylinder 65 and are implemented accordingly in some embodiments.

In Fig. 18 a cross member 66 of an embodiment of the twin press 20 is shown, which has two telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b instead of the telescopic cylinder 38. The telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b are hydraulic cylinders and are designed here, for example, as two-stage, single-acting telescopic cylinders. The telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b are designed to move the filling pressure compressor 23 in the direction of the left press wing 21a, while the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are designed to move the filling pressure compressor 23 in the direction of the right press wing 21b.

The twin press 20 therefore has two telescopic cylinders for each of the two directions in which the filling pressure compressor 23 can be moved. It can be advantageous if the same number of hydraulic cylinders, for example telescopic cylinders, is provided for both directions in which the filling pressure compressor 23 can be moved. The number of hydraulic cylinders provided for moving the filling pressure compressor 23 in one direction is not limited to two. In some embodiments, one hydraulic cylinder can be provided for moving the filling pressure compressor 23 in one direction. In some embodiments, three hydraulic cylinders or more can be provided for moving the filling pressure compressor 23 in one direction.

The telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b are attached to the cross member 66 which is fixedly arranged in the filling box 22 centrally between the left pressing wing 21a and the right pressing wing 21b. One end of the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b is attached to the cross member 66 and the other end of the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b is attached to the left filling pressure plate 23a. One end of the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b is attached to the cross member 66 and the other end of the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b is attached to the right filling pressure plate 23b.

The telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b are arranged in recesses in the cross members 66 so that the telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b only protrude slightly from the cross members 66 when retracted.

Pressure sensor plates 67a, 67b and 67c are arranged at each end of the recesses in the crossbeam 66. The pressure sensor plate 67a is designed to absorb a force from the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b and to transmit it to the crossbeam 66. The pressure sensor plate 67b is designed to absorb a force from the telescopic cylinder 39a and to transmit it to the crossbeam 66. The pressure sensor plate 67c is designed to absorb a force from the telescopic cylinder 39b and to transmit it to the crossbeam 66.

The telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b are in Fig. 18 arranged horizontally. In some embodiments, the telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b can be offset horizontally and/or vertically from one another.

In the Fig. 19a to 19c the operation of the twin press 20 with the telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b is illustrated. In the example shown, the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved from the right press wing 21b to the left press wing 21a. At the same time, a fully pressed package is ejected from the right package chamber 31a. Example hydraulic connections are shown as arrows to illustrate a hydraulic coupling, i.e. a forced hydraulic oil transfer. The crossbeam 66 is in the Fig. 19a to 19c not shown for reasons of clarity.

In the following, a side of a double-acting cylinder intended to extend the cylinder is referred to as the A-pillar and a side of a double-acting cylinder intended to retract the cylinder is referred to as the B-pillar of the cylinder.

In Fig. 19a the filling pressure compressor 23 is located on the right press wing 21b and fills the right filling box section 22b. The telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b are retracted and the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are extended. The right intermediate pressure compressor 32 is extended, the right final pressure compressor 33 is also extended and the right door 34 is closed. A fully pressed package (not shown) is located in the right package chamber 31a. Newly filled material to be pressed (not shown) can be located in the left filling box section 22a.

The filling pressure compressor 23 is now moved away from the right press wing 21b to relieve the pressure. To do this, the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b are extended slightly by pumping hydraulic fluid (for example hydraulic oil) from a hydraulic tank into the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b using a hydraulic pump 68. The filling pressure compressor 23 is moved in the direction of the left press box 21a and the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b are pressed together so that hydraulic fluid is pressed out of the telescopic cylinders 39a and 39b.

Hydraulic fluid which is thereby pressed out of the telescopic cylinder 39a is supplied to the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b. This reduces the volume which must be pumped by the hydraulic pump 68 into the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b. In some embodiments, the speed at which the filling pressure compressor 23 is moved can be increased in this way.

Hydraulic fluid which is pressed out of the telescopic cylinder 39b when the filling pressure compressor 23 is relieved of pressure is fed to the B-pillar of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35. In this way, the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 is retracted in hydraulic coupling with the telescopic cylinder 39b and thus causes a pressure relief of the right intermediate pressure compressor 32.

Hydraulic fluid that is pressed out of the A-pillar of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 when the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 is retracted is fed to the B-pillar of the right final pressure cylinder 36. In this way, the right final pressure cylinder 36 is retracted in hydraulic coupling with the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 and thus causes a pressure relief of the right final pressure compressor 33.

After the pressure has been relieved from the filling pressure compressor 23, the right intermediate pressure compressor 32 and the right final pressure compressor 33, the completely pressed package lies stress-free in the right package chamber 31a. In this state, the right door 34 is not loaded and can be opened.

In Fig. 19b the right door 34 of the twin press 20 is opened.

The telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b continue to be driven by the hydraulic pump 68 and press the filling pressure compressor 23 towards the left pressing wing 21a. As for Fig. 19a As described above, hydraulic fluid pushed out of the telescopic cylinder 39a is supplied to the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b, and hydraulic fluid pushed out of the telescopic cylinder 39b is supplied to the B-pillar of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 to further retract the right intermediate pressure compressor 32.

Hydraulic fluid, which is thereby pressed out of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35, is supplied to the B-pillar of the right door cylinder 65. In this way, the right door 34 is opened in hydraulic coupling with the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35. When the right door 34 is opened, the package can be ejected from the right package chamber 31a.

In Fig. 19c the package is ejected from the right package chamber 31a.

The telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b continue to be driven by the hydraulic pump 68 and push the filling pressure compressor 23 further towards the left pressing wing 21a. As for Fig. 19a and 19b As described above, hydraulic fluid pushed out of the telescopic cylinder 39a is supplied to the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b, and hydraulic fluid pushed out of the telescopic cylinder 39b is supplied to the B-pillar of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 to further retract the right intermediate pressure compressor 32.

Hydraulic fluid which is pressed out of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35, however, is not fed to a hydraulic cylinder, but flows back into a hydraulic tank, for example.

At the same time, the right finishing cylinder 36 is extended further by a hydraulic pump 69 pumping hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic tank into the A-pillar of the right finishing cylinder 36 pumps. The right finished pressure compressor 33 is thereby moved into the right package chamber 31a and pushes the package through the door 34 out of the package chamber 31a.

Hydraulic fluid, which is pressed out of the B-pillar of the right finishing cylinder 36, is also supplied to the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b. In some embodiments, this makes it possible to further reduce the volume that must be pumped by the hydraulic pump 68 into the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b.

Some embodiments have corresponding hydraulic connections between the telescopic cylinders 38a, 38b, 39a and 39b, the left intermediate pressure cylinder 28, the left final pressure cylinder 29 and the left door cylinder 63 in order to move the filling pressure compressor 23 in the direction of the right press wing 21b and at the same time to eject a fully pressed package through the left door 27 from the left package chamber 24a.

Similarly, in some embodiments, further hydraulic couplings may be implemented. For example, hydraulic fluid pressed out of the A-pillar of the right intermediate pressure cylinder 35 while a package is ejected from the right package chamber 31a, as in Fig. 19c shown, the A-pillar of the right finishing cylinder 36 in order to reduce a volume that must be pumped by the hydraulic pump 69 into the A-pillar of the right finishing cylinder 36. In such embodiments, the hydraulic coupling from the B-pillar of the right finishing cylinder 36 to the telescopic cylinders 38a and 38b can be omitted.

Claims (11)

1. A packing press (20) for packing deformable material, comprising:

   a first compression chamber (24),

   a second compression chamber (31),

   a compactor (23) that is arranged between the first and the second compression chamber (24, 31) such that it engages in the first compression chamber (24) when operated in a first direction and in the second compression chamber (31) when operated in a second direction;

   a first and a second feed chamber section (22a, 22b), wherein the compactor (23) transfers material from the first feed chamber section (22a) to the first compression chamber (24) and from the second feed chamber section (22b) to the second compression chamber (31); and

   a feed chamber (22) that includes the first feed chamber section (22a) and the second feed chamber section (22b), wherein the compactor (23) is arranged in the feed chamber (22);

   wherein the first and/or the second compression chamber (24, 31) each includes a guide section provided to guide a package;

   wherein the guide section is formed by a vertical offset;

   wherein the vertical offset is formed such that a floor (41) of the first and/or second compression chamber (24, 31) is offset downward relative to a floor (42) of the feed chamber (22); and

   characterized in that a floor (42) of the feed chamber (22) is vertically displaceable, that the compactor (23) is configured to be displaced with a vertical displacement of the floor (42) of the feed chamber (22), and that a housing of the feed chamber (22) is configured not to be displaced with a vertical displacement of the floor (42) of the feed chamber (22).
2. The packing press (20) according to claim 1, wherein the first compression chamber (24) is arranged in a first compression wing (21a) and the second compression chamber (31) is arranged in a second compression wing (21b).
3. The packing press (20) according to claim 1, wherein the guide section is arranged such that it runs parallel to the ejection direction of the package.
4. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the packing press (20) is configured such that the compactor (23) is moved from the first compression chamber (24) to the second compression chamber (31) while a package is being ejected from the first compression chamber (24), and such that the compactor (23) is moved from the second compression chamber (31) to the first compression chamber (24) while a package is being ejected from the second compression chamber (31).
5. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compactor (23) is configured as a charge compression compactor (23).
6. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a material feed (49, 50, 51, 52), wherein the material feed (49, 50, 51, 52) selectively feeds material into the first feed chamber section (22a) and the second feed chamber section (22b).
7. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed chamber (22) is arranged between the first and the second compression chamber (24, 31).
8. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feed chamber (22) is mechanically connected to the first and/or second compression chamber (24, 31).
9. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a hydraulic system that hydraulically couples the compactor (23) with a door (27, 34) of the first and/or second compression chamber (24, 31) and/or a final compression compactor (26, 33) of the first and/or second compression chamber (24, 31) for ejecting the package, such that the door (27, 34) and/or the final compression compactor (26, 33) can be operated together with the compactor (23).
10. The packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a number of hydraulic cylinders (38a, 38b) that are provided to operate the compactor (23) in the first direction corresponds to a number of hydraulic cylinders (39a, 39b) that are provided to operate the compactor (23) in the second direction.
11. A method for packing deformable material, comprising:

    operating the compactor (23) of a packing press (20) according to any one of the preceding claims in a first direction, such that it engages in the first compression chamber (24) of the packing press (20);

    compressing deformable material into a package in the first compression chamber (24); and

    operating the compactor (23) in a second direction, such that it engages in the second compression chamber (31) of the packing press (20);

    wherein during the operating of the compactor (23) in the second direction, the package is ejected from the first compression chamber (24); and

    wherein the package is guided by the vertical offset of the first compression chamber (24) during ejection.

Images