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EP3734755B1 - Antenne combinée pour services de communication mobiles pour véhicules - Google Patents

Antenne combinée pour services de communication mobiles pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3734755B1
EP3734755B1 EP20171891.3A EP20171891A EP3734755B1 EP 3734755 B1 EP3734755 B1 EP 3734755B1 EP 20171891 A EP20171891 A EP 20171891A EP 3734755 B1 EP3734755 B1 EP 3734755B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
lte
der
combination
monopole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20171891.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3734755A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Lindenmeier
Heinz Lindenmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
Original Assignee
Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH filed Critical Fuba Automotive Electronics GmbH
Publication of EP3734755A1 publication Critical patent/EP3734755A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3734755B1 publication Critical patent/EP3734755B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/325—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle
    • H01Q1/3275—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the location of the antenna on the vehicle mounted on a horizontal surface of the vehicle, e.g. on roof, hood, trunk
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/40—Radiating elements coated with or embedded in protective material
    • H01Q1/405—Radome integrated radiating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/12—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q11/14—Resonant antennas with parts bent, folded, shaped or screened or with phasing impedances, to obtain desired phase relation of radiation from selected sections of the antenna or to obtain desired polarisation effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combination antenna for mobile radio services/or mobile radio and radio services.
  • Antennas for mobile radio services from the prior art are designed as connected electrically conductive structures, for example made of sheet metal.
  • Such antennas can be manufactured economically and even have the advantageous property of three-dimensional configurability.
  • the mechanical combination of several antennas of this type which can be produced cheaply, using this technology to form a combined antenna system consisting of a number of individual antennas, remains economically complex.
  • Antennas are also known which are made from flat plastic plates coated with electrical conductors, the electrically conductive antenna elements being printed on.
  • the advantage of this antenna technology lies in the accuracy and variety with which the natural frequency-sensitive structures can be reproduced. Subject to reasonable manufacturing costs, these antennas are limited to two-dimensional structures.
  • Another disadvantage - as with antennas made of connected electrically conductive structures - is the high manufacturing costs associated with the space-saving physical and mechanical combination of several such antennas on the vehicle in mass production.
  • the area required on the vehicle surface, the overall height, its aerodynamic shape and its wind resistance value are particularly important for the use of antennas on vehicles. However, because of the large quantities that are customary in vehicle construction, particular importance is attached to the economics of producing such an antenna.
  • the large number of modern mobile networks requires extreme bandwidth antennas.
  • a frequency range between 698 and 960 MHz is provided - hereinafter referred to as the lower band - and above a frequency gap the frequency range between 1460 MHz and 2700 MHz, hereinafter referred to as the upper band, is provided, as in Figure 1c shown.
  • a middle band in the frequency range between 1460 MHz and 1700 MHz is often provided, which is assigned to the upper band.
  • the frequency gap between the lower band and the upper band is desired to protect against the radio services located there.
  • an antenna each for AM broadcasting and FM broadcasting is often required.
  • antennas and antenna arrangements presented in the present document is in no way limited to the LTE system mentioned here as an example.
  • these antennas and antenna arrangements can be used particularly advantageously in all communication systems in which multiple antenna systems are used in the frequency ranges described, for example in communication systems such as 5G, WLAN and vehicle-to-vehicle communication (Car2Car) e.g. according to the IEEE802 standard .11p etc.
  • antennas are required which, in addition to their electrical function, are suitable for vehicles due to their compactness and their stylistic properties, with the cost-effectiveness of production being of particular importance.
  • the DE 10 2014 013926 A1 discloses a multi-structure wideband monopole antenna for two separate frequency bands.
  • a combination antenna 1 for mobile radio services comprising at least one plastic film 3, which is arranged over a base plate 5 and is coated with conductive antenna structures 2, and at least one antenna connection point 4 coupled to antenna structures 2 on the electrically conductive base plate 5 as an electrical counterweight of the combination antenna 1, comprising the following features: Starting with a plastic film 3 that is particularly stiff but flexible and coated with conductive antenna structures 2, in particular with the approximate shape of a rectangle or trapezium, with two parallel broad side edges 6a, 6b and a first and a second longitudinal side edge 7a, 7b, the plastic film 3 is closed an in particular cylindrical or slightly conical fold body 8 running longitudinally or a film tube 8 is folded or formed.
  • the foil tube 8 is formed by repeated bending along straight bending lines 9 in the longitudinal direction 10 .
  • the two longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the plastic film 3 are brought together on the base plate 5 and mechanically connected to it along a fastening line 44 parallel to the longitudinal center line 12 of the base plate 5, as a result of which the jacket 13 of the folding body 8, i.e. in the illustrated embodiment the Tube jacket 13 is segmented by the bending lines 9 and the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b.
  • the cross section of the tube jacket 13 can be formed as a polygon standing on its tip with surfaces 19 oriented in a V-shape in the lower third of the total extent h of up to 12 cm above the base plate 5.
  • the cross section of the folded body is diamond-shaped or has the shape of a kite.
  • a longitudinally extended flat conductor structure 16 designed as a roof capacitance 15 can be present in the upper area of the tube casing 13 located above the conductive base plate 5, which has at least one point above a printed on the tube casing 13 Conductor track 17 is connected to an antenna connection point 4 formed on the fastening line 44 .
  • the lower area of the tubular jacket 13 is made up of surfaces or segments 19 oriented in a V-shape to one another, on each of which a flat and conductive triangular structure 20 standing on the apex 21 of the triangle with the triangle height 54 may be present, with both triangle points 21 converging below encompassing the antenna connection point 4 .
  • the design of the folded body or the plastic film 3 can (before the folding) start from a basically rigid but bendable or foldable plastic film 3 coated with conductive antenna structures 2 .
  • the initial shape or the blank of the flat plastic film 3 can approximately correspond to the shape of a rectangle or trapezium with two mutually parallel broad side edges 6a, 6b and a first and a second longitudinal side edge 7a, 7b.
  • the plastic film 3 can then be formed into a cylindrical or slightly conical film tube 8 extending in a longitudinal direction 10 .
  • the folding body is folded into a parallelepiped.
  • the film tube 8 can be formed by bending or snapping the plastic film 3 along straight bending lines 9 in the longitudinal direction 10 .
  • the bending lines can also be stamped into the plastic.
  • the two longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the plastic film 3 can be brought together on the base plate 5. They can be mechanically connected to the base plate 5 along a fastening line 44 parallel to the longitudinal center line 12 of the base plate 5 . With that he can Tube jacket 13 of the film tube 8 can be segmented regularly or irregularly by the bending lines 9 and the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b.
  • the cross-section of the tube casing 13 can be formed as a V-shaped polygon standing on its tip in the lower area of the total extent h of a maximum of 12 cm above the base plate 5.
  • a longitudinally extended, flat conductor structure 16 designed as a roof capacitance 15 can be formed on the plastic film 3 in the upper area of the tubular jacket 13 located above the conductive base plate 5 . This can be connected at least at one point via a printed conductor track 17 on the tube jacket 13 to an antenna connection point 4 formed on the attachment line 44 .
  • the tube jacket 13 can be oriented in a V-shape to one another on both sides at the lower end of the tube jacket
  • Surfaces 19 each have the conductive structure of a triangular structure 20 standing on the apex 21 of the triangle.
  • the lower triangle tips 21 are electrically connected to one another. They can form the connection point for an antenna connection point 4 formed on the fastening line 44 .
  • the electrically conductive base plate 5 can be designed as a coated printed circuit board 22 with a cutout in the conductive layer to design an antenna connection point 4 , which can include a connection pad 23 on the plastic film 3 and a ground connection 24 on the printed circuit board 22 .
  • the electrically conductive base plate 5 can rest on the outer skin of a vehicle and the coated film tube 8 can be placed in the inner cavity 25 of a shell-shaped dielectric antenna protective hood 11 and encased by it in such a way that the longitudinal side of the base plate 5 is oriented parallel to the direction of travel 26 and the antenna protective hood 11 may be mechanically connected to the conductive base plate 5 at its opening edge.
  • the inner surface 28 of the dish-shaped protective antenna cover 11 can be designed in such a way that there are contact points 27 between the bending lines 9 of the plastic film 3 and the inner surface 28 of the dish-shaped protective antenna cover.
  • the wall of the inner cavity 25 can also have at least one molded, in particular straight contact edge, which enables linear contact along a contact line 27 between the bending line 9 of the plastic film 3 and the inner surface 28 of the protective antenna hood 11. As a result, the folding body can also be jammed in the protective antenna hood.
  • Edge tabs 29 can be formed on the longitudinal side edges 7a, 7b of the coated plastic film 3, and the electrically conductive base plate 5 can be designed as a printed circuit board 22, along whose longitudinal attachment line 44 a slot-shaped collecting device 30 is guided, into which the edge tabs 29 of the plastic film 3 correspond plugged in at an angle and can therefore be held mechanically.
  • connection pad 23 can be configured on at least one of edge tabs 29, and a contact element 45 for contacting can be provided on circuit board 22 on slot-shaped receiving device 30 of circuit board 22 of the connection pad must be present.
  • At least one combined LTE antenna 42 can be formed from the monopole broadband antenna 18 for the LTE upper band with the character of a conical monopole antenna 31 and an antenna for the LTE lower band, which consists of the vertical monopole antenna 14 with a roof capacity 15 designed as a longitudinal extension Conductor structure 16 can exist, which can be designed in the upper area of the tube casing 13 with a printed conductor track 17 located above the conductive base plate 5 to form a common LTE antenna connection pad 32 for both frequency bands.
  • LTE antenna 42 there may be several combined LTE antenna 42, at least two of which comprise the same roof capacity 15, which each have a printed circuit board 17 can be connected to a separate connection pad 23 .
  • a combined LTE antenna 42 with a printed conductor track 17 can be formed at both ends of the folded body or the foil tube 8 between the end of the conductor structure 16 of the roof capacitance 15, which extends longitudinally over the foil tube 8, and the combined LTE antenna connection pad 32 and the roof capacitance
  • the connection point 36 of the separate conductor track 41 to the conductor structure 16 of the roof capacitance 15 to the AM/FM antenna connection pad 47 can be provided approximately in the center of the film tube 8 on the longitudinal side.
  • the inner cross-section of the dielectric protective antenna hood 11 can essentially resemble the cross-section of a bell, which tapers towards the tip, and the cross-sectional shape of the folded body or the foil tube 8 can be inscribed in the inner cross-section of the protective antenna hood 11 in such a way that at the height h1
  • bending lines 9 and suitable bending angles 35 are designed on both cross-section sides at points of contact 27 with the inner protective antenna hood 11 and at the inner tip at the height h of the protective antenna hood 11 a further bending line with bending angle 35 is present in such a way that with a gable roof-shaped design of the cross section of the tubular structure for the planar roof capacity 15 there is both a sufficient width and the full utilization of the available height h under the protective antenna hood 11.
  • a further bending line can be selected in each case with contact with the inner antenna protective hood 11 and a corresponding bending angle 35 in this way be that a mansard roof-shaped design of the structure for the flat roof capacity 15 is achieved.
  • the inner cross-section of the dielectric protective antenna hood 11 can in sections essentially be the same as that of a semicircle and there can be a further bending line in each case at a large number of heights h2, h3, h4,... above the base area with contact with the inner protective antenna hood 11 be selected in such a way that the tube jacket 13 is nestled sequentially on the cross-sectional semicircle above the height h1 and the cross-sectional width 46 of the flat structure of the roof capacity 15 is designed to be effective.
  • the film tube 8 is sufficiently inherently rigid and true to shape, contact with the antenna protective cover at the bending lines 9 for mechanically fixing the film tube 8 does not necessarily have to be strict, although the available cavity 25 of the antenna protective cover 11 can still be effectively utilized.
  • an LTE combination antenna 42 with a triangular structure 20 and the conductor track 17 to the overlying conductive structure of the roof capacity 15 is printed on at least one of the longitudinal ends of the folded body or the foil tube 8 and it can be an AM/VHF monopole antenna 33 may be present, which is connected to the same structure for the roof capacitance 15 via a separate interconnect connection 41, with roof capacitance connection points 36 spaced apart from one another being able to be selected for decoupling the two antennas.
  • the electromagnetic decoupling of the two spaced-apart roof capacitance connection points 36 can be increased by the inductive effect of a meandering conductor structure 37, with the oscillation amplitude 38 exceeding the cross-sectional width 46 of the planar structure of the roof capacity 15 can be chosen.
  • the flat conductive triangular structure 20 can be designed by strip-shaped conductive laminations 39 arranged in a fan-like manner in the plane of the triangle and converging in the lower triangle tip 21 .
  • the flat plastic film 3 serving as the starting point can be Another conductive triangular structure 40 connected to the antenna connection pad 32 and provided with a suitable opening angle can be extended in such a way that after the film tube 8 has been formed by bending the extended triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a, the two opposite triangular structures 20 are supplemented by the further triangular structure 40 in the sense of a cone simulation are.
  • a folded body or a film tube 8 can also be provided whose jacket is not completely closed.
  • a folded body with a tubular jacket 13 that is open in cross-section can be inscribed in the inner cross-section of the protective antenna hood 11 in such a way that when only one of the two longitudinal side edges 7a is fastened to the fastening line 44 at the height h1 on only one of the cross-sectional sides at points of contact 27 with the inner protective antenna hood 11 a bending line 9 and a suitable bending angle 35 are designed there, whereby another bending line 9 with a bending angle 35 can be present at the inner tip at the height h of the protective antenna cover 11 in such a way that, starting from there, after the design of the cross section of the open tubular structure for the planar designed roof capacity 15, the end 50 of the plastic film is reached.
  • the flat plastic film 3 serving as the starting point is extended along the broad side edge 6a by a first additional conductive triangular structure 40 and it may also be the case that a second additional triangular structure 40a is attached to this via a common connecting side 49 is attached in such a way that after shaping the open film tube 8 by approximately right-angled bending of the first further conductive triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a and by approximately right-angled bending of the second further triangular structure 40a along the common connecting side 49 of the two further triangular structures attached to one another 40, 40a, the remaining triangular structure 20 and the second further triangular structure 40a are oriented in a V-shape to one another and the lower triangular tips 21 of all triangular structures 20, 40, 40a are connected to the LTE antenna connection pad
  • the structures for designing the LTE antenna 42 are applied to one of the two sides of the tube casing 13 and to support the frequency range below 1 GHz on the opposite side of the tube casing 13 to the roof capacitance 15 at a minimum distance of 68 in
  • a further, substantially rectangular structure 69 that runs parallel to the top capacitance 15 and is capacitively coupled to it, which has a high-impedance for frequencies above 1 GHz and has a further conductor strip 67 at its lower end that is provided with a connection pad 23 to create a Ground terminal 24 is connected.
  • a particular advantage of a combination antenna 1 according to the invention is the possibility of placing multiple antennas for different frequency ranges and/or different radio services in a particularly compact manner on a common mechanical support. Particular space savings result from the possibility of using antenna structures 2 several times in some cases for the design of the different antennas.
  • the combination of all the antennas to form the combination antenna 1 on a plastic film 3 printed on one or both sides with a highly conductive material structure and having a thickness between, for example, 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm enables particularly inexpensive production in a single printing process.
  • the subsequent bending along less straight folds or bending lines 9 around previously known bending angles 35 is also extremely inexpensive for mass production using the simplest production machines.
  • the mechanical fixing and contacting with a base plate 5 designed as a conductively coated printed circuit board 22 with the slot-shaped collecting device 30 with contact elements 45 at the antenna connection points 4 can be carried out in a particularly simple manner without complex soldering.
  • the entire manufacturing process for the combination antenna 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for mass production for vehicles.
  • the longitudinal direction 10 of the foil tube 8 with the protective antenna cover 11 is advantageously oriented in the direction of travel 26 .
  • cone-shaped monopole antennas are particularly suitable for frequencies above 1 GHz, i.e. for the LTE upper band.
  • the three-dimensional design of the foil tube 8 according to the invention in Fig. 1a advantageously enables the realization of an antenna which approximates the antenna shape of a cone.
  • a monopole with the shape of an inverse pyramid is formed, which corresponds to the desired conical shape also with regard to the electrical behavior approaches.
  • a monopole antenna 14 is designed as an LTE sub-band antenna 52 for frequencies below 1 GHz, consisting of the top capacitance 15 and the printed conductor track to the connection pad 23. This antenna is arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that the roof capacitance 15 designed as a longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 covers the LTE high-band antenna 51 at a sufficient distance.
  • the cross section of the film tube 8 is adapted to the shape of the inner surface 28 in such a way that by bending the plastic film 3 along the bending lines 9 there are contact points 27 of the film tube 8 with the inner surface 28 of the protective antenna hood 11 and thus a mechanical fixation against vibrations is provided.
  • This fixation is also effective when the contact with the inner surface 28 is not strictly given, but that due to an existing residual distance, the amplitude of the foil tube 8 is small enough in the event of vibrations not to impair the electrical properties of the combination antenna 1.
  • the foil tube 8 can be fixed mechanically via connection pads 24 with the aid of soldering support points—embodied on the electrically conductive base plate 5 .
  • the foil tube is 8 in Figure 3a Carrier of two symmetrical versions of a combined LTE antenna 42 and an AM/FM monopole antenna 33 with a roof capacity connection point 36 approximately in the middle of the longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 as a roof capacity.
  • the combined LTE antenna 42 is - as in figure 1 - Applied as conical monopole broadband antennas 18 for the LTE upper band on the V-shaped oriented surfaces 19 as triangular structures 20, so that they span an inverse pyramid, which resembles the shape of a cone.
  • the printed conductor track 17 located at the end of the film tube 8 also leads to its connection pad 23 as a connection to the longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 in the upper area of the film tube 8 to form an LTE sub-band antenna 52.
  • the connection pad 23 is therefore also the LTE antenna connection pad 32 for the combined LTE antenna 42.
  • Two LTE low-band antennas 52, two LTE high-band antennas 51 and an AM/FM monopole antenna 33, that is to say a total of 5 antennas on the film tube 8, are thus implemented in an extremely space-saving manner.
  • Their antenna structures 2 are electromagnetically coupled to one another due to the partial dual use and the small spatial distances from one another.
  • the flat triangular structures 20 are formed by strip-shaped lamellae 39 arranged in a fan-like manner in the triangular plane and converging in the lower triangular apex.
  • the electromagnetic decoupling of the roof capacitance connection points 36 spaced apart from one another is increased by the inductive effect of a meandering conductor structure 37.
  • the inductive and capacitive effect of the meandering conductor structure 37 can be coordinated with the amplitude 38 and the conductor width of the meandering over the cross-sectional width 46 of the planar structure of the top capacitance 15 .
  • This tuning can advantageously take place in such a way that with a suitable impedance termination of each of the two combined LTE antennas 42 located at the ends of the film tube 8 on the associated LTE antenna connection pad 32 for the FM antenna, the advantageous Function of a laterally symmetrical invert-F antenna on the AM/FM antenna connection pad 47 is achieved.
  • FIG 4 shows that the flat plastic film 3 can be printed in a simple manner in order to proceed from it to the film tube 8 described.
  • the figure shows the sectional view of the symmetrical version 1 with two combined LTE antennas and the central decoupling for the AM/FM monopole antenna 33.
  • the plastic film 3 is designed as a rectangle with broad side edges 6a, 6b of equal length, the bending leads to the bending lines 9 as described to a film tube 8 that does not taper in the longitudinal direction 10.
  • the result is a conical film tube 8 that tapers towards the front of the vehicle.
  • the shape of the film tube 8 can advantageously be adapted to an antenna protective hood 11 predetermined by the design.
  • figure 5 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in figure 4 with two combined LTE antennas 42 and central decoupling at the roof capacitance connection point 36 for the separate interconnect connection 41 towards the AM/FM antenna connection pad 47, however, with an irregular meander structure.
  • figure 6 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in figure 4 with two combined LTE antennas 42 and with two approximately central decoupling at roof capacity connection points 36 at different points of the meandering conductor structure 37 on both sides.
  • the foil tube 8 is formed by bending at the bending lines 9, the two AM/FM antenna connection pads 47 come together locally and are contacted together via the contact element 45 at the associated antenna connection point 4 when they are inserted into the slot-shaped receiving device 30.
  • figure 7 shows a sectional view variant according to the invention as in figure 4 however, without a central roof capacitance connection point 36 of the separate conductor track connection 41 but with the common conductor track connection 17, 41 to design a common connection pad 32, 47 as an LTE antenna connection pad 32 and AM/FM antenna connection pad 47.
  • a film tube 43 designed with an open tube jacket in the tube cross-section is designed with a plastic film 3 with shortened broad side edges 6a, 6b.
  • the open tube jacket 13 is in Figure 8b inscribed in the inner cross-section of the protective antenna hood 11 in such a way that when only one of the two longitudinal side edges 7a is attached to the attachment line 44 at the height h1, it meets only one of the cross-sectional sides at contact points 27.
  • the flat roof capacity 15 has reached the end 50 of the plastic film 3 .
  • the invention therefore provides , the rectangular plastic film 3 - as in figure 10 shown - to expand on both sides by a first further conductive triangular structure 40 and attached to this by a second further triangular structure 40a.
  • the expansion takes place in such a way that the triangular structure 40a is attached via a common connecting side 49 and that after the design of the open film tube 8 by approximately right-angled bending of the first further conductive triangular structure 40 along the broad side edge 6a and by approximately right-angled bending of the second further triangular structure 40a along the common connection side 49 of the two adjoining further triangular structures 40, 40a, the remaining triangular structure 20 and the second further triangular structure 40a are oriented in a V-shape to one another and the lower triangle tips 21 of all triangular structures 20, 40, 40a with the LTE antenna connection pad 32 are connected.
  • Fig. 11 b the film tube 8 equipped with antenna structures is shown from the side. This shows how it is connected to the coated circuit board 22 . Additional circuit components, such as a satellite ring antenna 56a and a concentric satellite ring antenna 56b, can be attached to the coated printed circuit board 22 in a particularly advantageous manner. Corresponding cutouts 57 of the film tube 8 allow the film tube to be spatially combined with the coated printed circuit board 22. Using the electrical circuits designed as printed conductor tracks on the printed circuit board 22, antennas can be connected to one another, for example to design directivity. In modern communication systems, antenna technologies such as multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) and the use of highly complex multi-antenna systems come into question.
  • MIMO multiple-input-multiple-output
  • the Figures 12-14 show exemplary structures of combined LTE antennas 42, which can be applied to a film tube 8 advantageously, ie with little effort.
  • the side view of a section of the film tube 8 with the structure of a combined LTE antenna 42 with an LTE connection pad 32 at the base to form the antenna connection point 4 on the electrically conductive base area 5 as a coated printed circuit board 22 is shown in each case.
  • this value can be Invention can be achieved in its full implementation at the antenna connection point 4 already with an antenna height h of 6 cm.
  • the properties of the monopole antenna 14 below 1 GHz are essentially determined by its antenna height h and by the size of the planar roof capacitance 15, the horizontal extension 16 of about 6 cm is much larger, i.e. at least three times larger than the vertical extension 61.
  • A Although a significantly larger vertical extent 61 increases the capacitance value of the roof capacitance 15, it reduces the effective height of the monopole antenna 14, which, in contrast to the capacitance value, is the square of the formation of the frequency bandwidth of this antenna.
  • Formation monopole broadband antenna for frequencies above 1GHZ 18 in figure 12 is essentially given by the planar triangular structure 20, provided that the inductive effect of the conductor strips 17 with a narrow strip line width 64 for separating radio signals with frequencies above 1 GHz from the top capacitance 15 is large enough.
  • the invention provides for the conductor strips 17 to be provided with meandering embossments 62 .
  • the functional division of the combined LTE antennas 42 into the monopole antenna 14 below 1 GHz and the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 should not be viewed strictly. Rather, the transition between the effects is fluid and the subdivision is to be understood as a description of the main effects in the two frequency ranges.
  • the mode of operation of the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 located above the conductive base surface 2 is essentially given by the design of the flat triangular structure 20 .
  • a planar triangular structure 4 standing on its apex with a triangular opening angle 53 is provided according to the invention, the apex of which is connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32 .
  • the antenna connection point 4 for the combined LTE antenna 42 is formed by this together with the ground connection point on the conductive base surface 5 .
  • the height of the base line of the flat triangular structure 18 above the conductive base area 5 essentially forms the effective height of the monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18, which essentially determines the frequency response.
  • the height of the monopole broadband antenna should be above 1GHZ 18 at the upper LTE frequency limit should not be greater than about 1/3 of the free space wavelength. Values between 30 and 90 degrees have proven to be favorable as a triangle opening angle 12 .
  • the resulting triangular structure 18, which has a broadband effect, makes it possible, for example, to comply with the requirement for impedance matching at the base point of VSWR ⁇ 2.5 in the frequency range above 1 GHz, which is also frequently made.
  • a three-dimensional structure is formed for this, which is formed from the two-dimensional structure in the manner described above by the fact that on the opposite side the lower end V -shaped oriented surfaces 19 of the film tube 8 an approximately congruent triangular structure 20 is applied, so that instead of the planar triangular structure 18 an approximately conical structure is effective.
  • the invention provides for the planar triangular structure 20 to be extended by strip-shaped lamellae 39 converging like a fan at the lower triangle tip, as shown in figure 13 shown to perform.
  • the same structure By attaching the same structure to the opposite side of the V-shaped oriented surfaces 19 of the foil tube 8, an advantageous broadband quasi-conical monopole broadband antenna above 1 GHz 18 is simulated.
  • this is according to the invention essentially by vertically electrically conductively separated strip-shaped, but connected at its upper end via a remaining strip 16 Roof slats 63, as in the figures 14 and 15 shown, executed.
  • the further rectangular structure 69 is arranged at the minimum distance 68 essentially parallel to the first rectangular structure 16 and the further conductor strip 67 is designed to have a high impedance for frequencies above 1 GHz by selecting a sufficiently small strip line width 64 and by means of meandering characteristics 62 .
  • the roof capacity 15 and the other rectangular structure 69 can be chosen to be different in size.
  • the expansion of the frequency range at the lower end of the LTE frequency band can be optimized by selecting a suitable minimum distance 68 in connection with the horizontal extension of the further rectangular structure 69 .
  • the capacitive coupling of the longitudinally extended conductor structure 16 of the top capacitance 15 with the further rectangular structure 69 connected to the ground 5 is particularly helpful according to the invention.
  • a combination antenna in which the inner cross section of the dielectric antenna protective hood 11 is essentially the same as the cross section of a bell, which tapers towards the tip and the cross-sectional shape of the folded body 8 of the inner surface 28 of the antenna protective hood 11 is inscribed in such a way that at the height h1 suitable choice of the opening angle 53 of the tube jacket surfaces 19 meeting in a V-shape at the attachment line 44 on both cross-section sides at contact points 27 with the inner protective antenna cover 11 bending lines 9 and suitable bending angles 35 are designed and at the inner tip at the height h of the protective antenna cover 11 another Bending line with bending angle 35 is present in such a way that with a gabled roof-shaped design of the cross section of the folding body 8 for the flat design Roof capacity 15 is given both a sufficient width and the full utilization of the available height h under the protective antenna cover 11.
  • a combination antenna in which, however, to further increase the effect of the roof capacitance 15 at a height h2 above the base plate 5, on the cross-section sides opposite to the cross-sectional center line 48, a further bending line 9 with contact on the inner antenna protective hood 11 and a corresponding Bending angle 35 is selected in such a way that a mansard roof-shaped design of the structure for the flat roof capacity 15 is achieved.
  • a combination antenna in which the inner cross-section of the dielectric antenna protective hood 11 is essentially the same as that of a semicircle and, at a large number of heights h2, h3, h4,... above the base area, each having a further bending line touching the inner Antenna protective cover 11 is selected in such a way that the tube jacket 13 is nestled sequentially above the height h1 to the cross-section semicircle and the cross-sectional width 46 of the planar structure of the roof capacity 15 is designed to be effective.
  • a combination antenna in which a conductive triangular structure 40 connected to the LTE antenna connection pad 32 is provided on one of the longitudinal ends of the folded body 8 to approximate a conical character of an LTE high-band antenna 31 with LTE antenna connection pad 32, so that after bending the conductive triangular structure 40 along a broad side edge 6a, two opposite conductive triangular structures 20 are supplemented by the further conductive triangular structure 40 in the sense of a cone simulation.
  • a combination antenna in which the structures for designing the LTE antenna 42 are applied to one of the two sides of the tube casing 13 and to support the frequency range below 1 GHz on the opposite side of the tube casing 13 to the roof capacitance 15 at a minimum distance of 68 in There is a substantially rectangular further structure 69 which runs essentially parallel to the top capacitance 15 on the longitudinal side and is capacitively coupled to it, which is connected to a further conductor strip 67 which has a high resistance for frequencies above 1 GHz and is provided with a connection pad 23 at its lower end in order to form a ground connection 24 is.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Antenne combinée (1) pour la radiotéléphonie mobile et/ou la radiotéléphonie mobile et les services de radiodiffusion, comprenant au moins un film (3) en matière plastique, disposé au-dessus d'une plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice de l'antenne combinée (1) et revêtu de structures d'antenne conductrices (2), comprenant les éléments suivants :
    - un corps plié (8) est formé à partir du film (3) en matière plastique,
    - le corps plié (8) est conçu par au moins un pliage simple le long d'au moins une ligne de pliage (9) dans une direction longitudinale (10),
    - au moins un bord latéral longitudinal (7a, 7b) du film (3) en matière plastique est replié le long d'une ligne de fixation (44) et est relié mécaniquement à la plaque de base (5) parallèlement à une ligne médiane (12) de la plaque de base (5) s'étendant longitudinalement, ce qui fait que le corps plié (8) est segmenté par la ligne de pliage (9) et par le bord latéral longitudinal (7a, 7b), et
    - l'antenne combinée (1) comprend au moins une antenne monopole (14) et au moins une deuxième antenne monopole (18), qui sont formées chacune par des structures d'antenne conductrices (2) et qui comprennent chacune un emplacement de raccordement d'antenne (4) sur la plaque de base (5),
    caractérisée en ce que
    - la première antenne monopole (14) est conçue pour des services radio à des fréquences inférieures à 1 GHz, et la deuxième antenne monopole est conçue comme antenne monopole à large bande (18) pour des services radio à des fréquences supérieures à 1 GHz, et
    - la section transversale du corps plié (8) est conçue comme un polygone se dressant sur le sommet.
  2. Antenne combinée (1) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour la conception de ladite au moins une antenne monopole (14) pour des services radio inférieurs à 1 GHz, l'antenne combinée (1) comprend, dans la zone supérieure du corps plié (8) se trouvant au-dessus de la plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice, au moins une structure conductrice plate (16) allongée longitudinalement, conçue comme capacité terminale (15), qui est reliée, à au moins un endroit, à un premier emplacement de raccordement d'antenne (4) réalisé sur la ligne de fixation (44), par une piste conductrice (17) imprimée sur le corps plié (8),
    et/ou en ce que
    pour la conception de ladite au moins une antenne monopole à large bande (18) pour des fréquences supérieures à 1 GHz, le corps plié (8) présente, dans la zone inférieure, deux surfaces (19) orientées en V l'une par rapport à l'autre, sur chacune desquelles est appliquée une structure triangulaire conductrice (20) se dressant sur un sommet de triangle (21), les deux sommets de triangle (21) se rejoignant en bas comprenant un deuxième emplacement de raccordement d'antenne (4).
  3. Antenne combinée (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que
    la plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice est conçue comme une carte de circuit imprimé (22) revêtue avec un évidement respectif de la couche conductrice pour la conception d'un emplacement de raccordement d'antenne respectif (4), comprenant un plot de raccordement (23) sur le film (3) en matière plastique et une connexion de masse (24) sur la carte de circuit imprimé (22).
  4. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le corps plié (8) est inséré dans un capot de protection d'antenne (11) diélectrique, en forme de coque, de l'antenne combinée (1), lequel présente une cavité intérieure (25) et un bord d'ouverture, et le capot de protection d'antenne (11) est relié mécaniquement, au niveau de son bord d'ouverture, à la plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice.
  5. Antenne combinée (1) selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour la stabilisation et la fixation mécaniques du corps plié (8), la paroi de la cavité intérieure (25) présente au moins une arête d'appui conformée qui permet un contact physique linéaire le long d'une ligne de contact (27) entre la ligne de pliage (9) du film (3) en matière plastique et la surface intérieure (28) du capot de protection d'antenne.
  6. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    au moins une patte de bordure (29) est formée sur au moins un bord latéral longitudinal (7a, 7b) du film revêtu (3) en matière plastique, et la plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice est réalisée sous la forme d'une carte de circuit imprimé (22) le long de la ligne médiane (12) de laquelle est formée au moins une fente (30) dans laquelle la patte de bordure (29) est enfichée et ainsi maintenue mécaniquement.
  7. Antenne combinée (1) selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour le couplage électrique d'au moins une structure d'antenne (2) avec un emplacement de raccordement d'antenne (4), un plot de raccordement (23) est prévu sur ladite au moins une patte de bordure (29), et un élément de contact (45) est présent sur la plaque de base (5) pour établir le contact avec le plot de raccordement (23).
  8. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'antenne combinée (1) comprend au moins une antenne LTE combinée (42), constituée d'une antenne monopole à large bande (18) pour la bande LTE supérieure, ayant le caractère d'une antenne monopole conique (31), et d'une antenne pour la bande LTE inférieure, constituée de l'antenne monopole verticale (14) avec une structure conductrice (16) séparée, allongée longitudinalement et conçue comme une capacité terminale (15), dans la zone supérieure du corps plié (13) se trouvant au-dessus de la plaque de base (5) électriquement conductrice, avec une piste conductrice (17) imprimée vers un plot de raccordement d'antenne LTE (32) commun aux deux bandes de fréquence.
  9. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'antenne combinée (1) comprend plusieurs antennes LTE combinées (42), dont au moins deux comprennent la même capacité terminale (15) qui est reliée à un plot de raccordement séparé (23) associé par une piste conductrice imprimée (17) associée.
  10. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'antenne combinée (1) comprend des structures d'antenne (2) sur le film (3) en matière plastique pour au moins une antenne LTE combinée (42) avec une structure conductrice (16) allongée longitudinalement, conçue comme une capacité terminale (15), et pour une antenne monopole AM/FM (33) pour la réception radio AM/FM, comprenant la même structure conductrice plate (16) allongée longitudinalement comme capacité terminale (15) mais avec une connexion de piste conductrice séparée (41) vers le plot de raccordement d'antenne AM/FM séparé (47), et
    chaque antenne LTE combinée (42) comprend un emplacement de raccordement d'antenne séparé (4) respectif sur la ligne de fixation (44).
  11. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    l'antenne combinée (1) comprend, aux deux extrémités du corps plié (8), une antenne LTE combinée (42) respective avec une piste conductrice imprimée (17) entre l'extrémité de la structure conductrice (16) de la capacité terminale (15), allongée longitudinalement au-dessus du corps plié (8), et le plot de raccordement d'antenne LTE combiné (32) respectif, et l'emplacement de raccordement de capacité terminale (36) de la piste conductrice séparée (41) à la structure conductrice (16) de la capacité terminale (15) vers le plot de raccordement d'antenne AM/FM (47) est situé approximativement au milieu longitudinal du corps plié (8).
  12. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une antenne combinée LTE (42) avec une structure triangulaire (20) et une piste conductrice (17) vers une structure conductrice superposée d'une capacité terminale (15) est imprimée sur l'une au moins des extrémités longitudinales du corps plié (8), et
    l'antenne combinée (1) comprend une antenne monopole AM/FM (33) qui est raccordée à la même structure pour la capacité terminale (15) par l'intermédiaire d'une connexion de piste conductrice séparée (41) associée, l'antenne combinée (1) comprenant des emplacements de raccordement de capacité terminale (36) espacés l'un de l'autre, en particulier pour découpler les deux antennes l'une de l'autre.
  13. Antenne combinée (1) selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisée en ce que
    le découplage électromagnétique des deux emplacements de raccordement de capacité terminale (36) espacés l'un de l'autre est augmenté par l'effet inductif de la capacité terminale (15) conçue comme structure conductrice en forme de méandres (37), dont l'amplitude d'oscillation (38) s'étend sur la largeur de section transversale (46) d'une structure plate de la capacité terminale (15).
  14. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    pour améliorer le découplage électromagnétique entre l'antenne monopole à large bande (18) pour une bande LTE supérieure et le monopole pour une bande LTE inférieure, l'antenne monopole à large bande (18) présente une structure triangulaire plate (20) qui est conçue par des lamelles en forme de ruban disposées en éventail dans le plan du triangle et convergeant vers le sommet de triangle (21) inférieur.
  15. Antenne combinée (1) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisée en ce que
    une pluralité d'antennes LTE combinées (42) pour des fréquences inférieures et supérieures à 1 GHz, chacune avec une capacité terminale séparée (15) et avec un plot de raccordement d'antenne LTE séparé (32), sont disposées en série le long du côté longitudinal du corps plié (8).
EP20171891.3A 2019-04-29 2020-04-28 Antenne combinée pour services de communication mobiles pour véhicules Active EP3734755B1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112740479B (zh) * 2018-09-28 2024-05-14 株式会社友华 车载天线装置
DE102021203543B3 (de) 2021-04-09 2022-08-25 Continental Automotive Technologies GmbH Antennenvorrichtung für eine Mobilfunkeinrichtung
US12040537B2 (en) 2021-05-19 2024-07-16 Fuba Automotive Electronics Gmbh Radiation coupled antennas with network
DE102022000604A1 (de) 2021-05-19 2022-11-24 Heinz Lindenmeier Strahlungsgekoppelte Antennen mit Netzwerk

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US7057563B2 (en) * 2004-05-28 2006-06-06 Raytheon Company Radiator structures
DE102005054286B4 (de) * 2005-11-11 2011-04-07 Delphi Delco Electronics Europe Gmbh Antennenanordnung
US7265719B1 (en) * 2006-05-11 2007-09-04 Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Packaging technique for antenna systems
US7864121B2 (en) * 2007-07-06 2011-01-04 Qualcomm Incorporated MIMO self-expandable antenna structure
WO2014204494A1 (fr) * 2013-06-21 2014-12-24 Laird Technologies, Inc. Ensembles antennes véhiculaires mimo multibandes
DE102014013926A1 (de) * 2014-09-21 2016-03-24 Heinz Lindenmeier Mehrstruktur-Breitband-Monopolantenne für zwei durch eine Frequenzlücke getrennte Frequenzbänder im Dezimeterwellenbereich für Fahrzeuge
WO2017093517A1 (fr) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-08 Hirschmann Car Communication Gmbh Antenne de toit présentant une mise en contact directe entre un film d'antenne et une carte de circuits imprimés

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US20210135341A1 (en) 2021-05-06
US11095020B2 (en) 2021-08-17

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