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EP3519121B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'éléments comportant une zone de fond adaptée - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'éléments comportant une zone de fond adaptée

Info

Publication number
EP3519121B1
EP3519121B1 EP17777567.3A EP17777567A EP3519121B1 EP 3519121 B1 EP3519121 B1 EP 3519121B1 EP 17777567 A EP17777567 A EP 17777567A EP 3519121 B1 EP3519121 B1 EP 3519121B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
calibration
component
die
base
preforming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17777567.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3519121A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Flehmig
Martin Kibben
Daniel Nierhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG
Priority to SI201731624T priority Critical patent/SI3519121T1/sl
Publication of EP3519121A1 publication Critical patent/EP3519121A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3519121B1 publication Critical patent/EP3519121B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/30Deep-drawing to finish articles formed by deep-drawing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/02Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
    • B21D51/10Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects conically or cylindrically shaped objects
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/20Deep-drawing
    • B21D22/21Deep-drawing without fixing the border of the blank

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a component, the method comprising preforming a workpiece to form a preformed component having a base region, a frame region and a flange region, such that the preformed component has a material surplus for the frame region and/or the base region and/or the flange region, and calibrating the preformed component to form an at least partially final-formed component having a base region, a frame region and a flange region.
  • the described effect depends on the size of the excess material, the sheet thickness, the base width and the wave height and leads to deviations from a uniform and/or smooth surface (surface defects) in the base area of the final formed component, at least in some areas, with negative effects on the surface quality in the form of residual waviness, surface irregularities and/or sheet thickness variations or combinations of the aforementioned defects.
  • the base area of the preformed component essentially has the geometry of the base region of the at least partially finally formed component.
  • the base region can be flat.
  • the base region therefore needs to be subjected to no or only a slight change in shape during calibration, which further reduces the risk of undesirable surface defects in the at least partially finally formed component.
  • the base region of the pre-formed component can essentially retain its shape during calibration. This means that the excess material is therefore provided, for example, predominantly in the area of the foot of the frames and/or the edge or border area of the base and, for example, uniform areas in the at least partially finally formed component are also provided as a uniform area in the pre-formed component.
  • the excess material is only provided in the border area of the base.
  • the excess material is provided by the shape of the transition area between the base region and the border area and/or by the shape of the transition area between the flange area and the border area of the pre-formed component. It has been shown that in this way the advantages of processes for the production of dimensionally accurate components which require no or only minimal trimming can be retained, but at the same time surface defects in the base area and/or in the flange area can be reduced or even avoided.
  • the base area of the preformed component preferably has no excess material for calibration or even a material deficiency in the preformed component.
  • the excess material actually required for the base area is then preferably provided essentially by the transition area between the base and the frame area of the preformed component.
  • a uniform and/or smooth surface is understood here to mean that the shape profile of the surfaces produced according to this invention, in particular of the bottom area of the at least partially final-shaped component, only has waves with small amplitude, for example less than 0.2 mm, and large wavelength, for example greater than 10 mm.
  • the workpiece is, for example, a substantially flat blank, such as a sheet metal.
  • the workpiece is preferably made of a steel material. However, other metal materials, such as aluminum, can also be used.
  • the component is preferably a sheet metal component.
  • Preforming is carried out, in particular, by means of deep-drawing-like forming, which can be performed in a single or multi-stage process. Any combination of drawing, embossing, raising, edging, and/or bending is also conceivable.
  • the process for producing the preformed component can therefore be customized.
  • the preformed component obtained by preforming can, in particular, be considered a component essentially close to its net shape, which, with the smallest possible deviations, already essentially exhibits the intended geometry.
  • Calibration can therefore be understood, in particular, as the final forming or final shaping of the preformed component, which can be achieved, for example, through one or more pressing processes.
  • Calibration particularly includes a compression process.
  • the frame area, the base area, the flange area, and/or the transition areas of the preformed component are subjected to compression.
  • the at least partially final-shaped component can be subjected to further processing steps, such as the creation of connection holes and/or a trimming process and/or post-forming, such as pressing and/or bending.
  • further processing steps such as the creation of connection holes and/or a trimming process and/or post-forming, such as pressing and/or bending.
  • no further main forming steps are necessary.
  • the described preforming and calibration are preferably carried out sequentially.
  • a raised or lowered floor area is understood to mean, in particular starting from the same frame end level or frame head (length level), a raised or lowered floor area compared to the lower floor level (zero level) of a component in which the same excess material is achieved by one or more floor waves extending over the entire floor area.
  • the device therefore does not distribute the excess material over the entire base region of the preformed component as previously (for example in the form of one or more waves), but instead provides it in the transition region essentially between the base region and the frame region and optionally essentially by the shape of the transition region between the flange region and the frame region of the preformed component.
  • the advantages of processes for the production of dimensionally accurate components can be combined with further reduced or even avoided surface defects in the base area.
  • the calibration tool comprises a calibration punch, a calibration die, and a calibration die base movable relative to the calibration die.
  • This allows the preformed component to be arranged and preferably fixed between the calibration punch and the calibration die base.
  • the preformed component can then be calibrated by a relative movement between the preformed component with the calibration punch and the calibration die base on the one hand, and the calibration die on the other.
  • the forces acting during calibration can be precisely controlled in terms of time and location.
  • calibration can be implemented with minimal process engineering effort, and the calibration tool can be integrated, in particular, into a press.
  • the movable calibration die base can be omitted.
  • spring-loaded preforms can be provided in the calibration punch, which press the component into the die in advance. The spring-loaded preforms are then displaced into the punch when the tool closes. This results in a simpler tool design.
  • the calibration die comprises at least two separate calibration die frames that are movable relative to each other.
  • the preformed The component can thus first be inserted into the calibration tool with the calibration die frames open, which can then be closed, which facilitates the insertion of highly resilient, pre-formed components.
  • Fig. 1a-c shows a schematic representation of a calibration process according to the prior art.
  • the prior art provides for a material surplus for the calibration process in the form of one or more waves in the base area of a preformed component 1 and thus distributes it over the entire base area ( Fig. 1a ).
  • each wave in the base area of the component 1 collapses into two or more smaller waves ( Fig. 1b ).
  • Fig. 1c Depending on the additional lengths produced by the excess material, these fail in turn into two even smaller waves of higher order.
  • This effect can be repeated several times until the calibration stamp reaches its end position.
  • Fig. 2a shows a schematic representation of the preformed component 1 from Fig. 1 According to the state of the art.
  • Component 1 has excess material, particularly in its base area, in the form of a bump extending across the entire base area.
  • the dashed line 6 indicates the frame end level or length level aligned with the frame end.
  • the dashed line 8 indicates the lower base level (zero level) of the preformed component 1.
  • Fig. 2b, c now show schematic representations of exemplary preformed components 10a, 10b, which are manufactured within the scope of exemplary embodiments of the inventive method.
  • the excess material is provided by the shape of the transition region 16 between the base region 12 and the frame region 14 of the preformed component.
  • the shape of the transition region 16 between the base region 12 and the frame region 14 of the preformed components 10a, 10b leads to a raised above the zero level ( Fig. 2b ) or lowered below the zero level 8 ( Fig. 2c ) Bottom area of the preformed component.
  • the excess material is provided exclusively by the respective transition area 16 between the bottom area 12 and the frame area 14 of the preformed component 10, 10b.
  • the bottom area 12 of the preformed component 10a, 10b is flat and thus essentially already has the intended flat geometry of the at least partially final formed base area.
  • the additional length provided by the excess material in cross-section for the frame area and the base area is shown in the Figures 2a to 2c even.
  • FIG. 3a , b show schematic representations of an exemplary preforming tool 30 and an exemplary calibration tool 40 according to an embodiment of a device according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a sequence of an embodiment of a method according to the invention.
  • the preforming tool 30 is designed to preform a workpiece 20 into a preformed component 20' with a base region 22 and a frame region 24, so that the preformed component 20' has a material surplus for the frame region 24 and/or the base region 22.
  • the preforming tool 30 comprises a preforming punch 32, a preforming die 34 and a preforming die base 36 that is movable relative to the preforming die 34.
  • the preforming tool 30 also comprises an optional hold-down device 38.
  • the liftable preforming die base 36 is modified in its shape so that by means of the preforming tool, a shaping according to Fig. 2b (or alternatively according to 2c).
  • the production of the preformed component can be carried out in a first step by at least partially embossing the base area and in a second or further step by raising or bending the frame area.
  • the calibration tool 40 serves to calibrate the preformed component 20' to an at least partially final formed component 20" with a base region 22 and a frame region 24.
  • the calibration tool 40 comprises a calibration stamp 42, a calibration die 44 and a calibration die base 46 movable relative to the calibration die 44.
  • the calibration die base 46 can be moved at a distance from the calibration punch 42 using suitable means such as external fixed distances.
  • the calibration die 44 comprises two separate calibration die frames 44a, 44b that are movable relative to one another and can be adjusted laterally.
  • the calibration tool 40 can close, whereby the calibration punch 42 can displace the calibration die base 46 with the preformed component in between into the then closed calibration die frames 44a, 44b (see also Fig. 4g ), so that the raised base area 22 of the preformed component is leveled and the frame area 24 is compressed to the desired size (see also Fig. 4h ).
  • the movable preform die base 36 is first extended to the height of the die support surface of the preform die 34 or slightly above it. Subsequently, the workpiece 20 (blank) is inserted into the preform tool 30 ( Fig. 3a , 4a ) and optionally between the hold-down devices 38, which are fixedly spaced from the preform die 34, secured against displacement by guide pins and/or holes ( Fig. 4b
  • the optionally spaced hold-down clamps 38 can be omitted and the so-called stamping with raised positions can be performed. Until the workpiece 20 is positively stamped between the preform punch 32 and the preform die base 36, only pins on edges or holes secure the workpiece 20.
  • preform punch 32 and preform die base 36 then lowers into the lower end position ( Fig. 4c ). This leads to the formation of the frame areas 24 of the preformed component 20'.
  • the preformed component 20' can then be removed from the preforming tool 30. In this case, springback occurs, particularly in the frame area 24 ( Fig. 4d, 4e ).
  • the preformed component 20' is now inserted into the calibration tool 40.
  • the calibration die base 46 was already raised to a defined height before the insertion of the preformed component 20', which contacts the inserted base area 22 of the preformed component 20'. Then, the preformed component 20' is loaded, whereby the preformed component 20' should preferably be in a stable position between the two calibration die frames 44a, 44b and the calibration die base 46 at the start of the process ( Fig. 3b , Fig. 4f ).
  • the calibration punch 42 and the calibration die base 46 are closed at a distance from each other, whereby the base region 22 of the preformed component 20' is secured and essentially not clamped.
  • This allows for a largely free flow of material in the base region 22 without inhibiting the subsequent calibration effect, but essentially prevents the formation of waves in the base region 22 due to the resulting compressive stress during calibration.
  • the two calibration die frames 44a, 44b move against the calibration punch 42 until the precisely defined calibration gap is established between the calibration die frames 44a, 44b and the calibration punch 42 and the spring-backed frame area 24 of the preformed component 20' is aligned therein ( Fig. 4g ).
  • the calibration punch 42 is lowered to its final position. In doing so, it also displaces the raised calibration die base 46, which is guided at a distance from the calibration punch 42 and provided with a sufficient counterforce (to maintain the distance), downwards. Only in the last section of this path is the elevation of the base area 22 of the preformed component 20' eliminated, as the material flows mainly via the transition area 26 toward the frame area 24 ( Fig. 4h ).
  • the counterforce of the calibration die base 46 should preferably be selected to be large enough so that the compression of the preformed component 20' can also affect the composite of the calibration punch 42 and the calibration die base 46, without at the same time causing the excess material to collapse into waves.
  • the flow of the material primarily in the transition area 26 has several advantages. Firstly, the base area 22 of the preformed component 20' essentially retains its shape. Furthermore, the material displacement into the frame area 24 can be selected to be so large that an extension of the frame area can be omitted if necessary. Ultimately, the material flow in the transition area 26 can be used to positively influence the angle of incidence of the frame area 24 to the base area 22.
  • the 20" component is finally at least partially fully formed and fully calibrated.
  • the upsetting process has thus taken place in a targeted manner and the residual waviness in the base is significantly reduced or even completely eliminated ( Fig. 4i, j ).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de construction en un matériau d'acier ou d'aluminium, le procédé comprenant :
    - le préformage d'une pièce (20) en un composant préformé (10a, 10b 20') ayant une zone de fond (12, 22), une zone de châssis (14, 24) et une zone de bride, de sorte que le composant préformé (10a, 10b 20') présente un excès de matériau pour la zone de châssis (14) et/ou la zone de fond (12) et/ou la zone de bride ; et
    - le calibrage de la pièce préformée (10a, 10b 20') pour obtenir une pièce (20") formée au moins par zones à l'extrémité, avec une zone de fond (22), une zone de châssis (24) et une zone de bride ;
    la zone de fond (12, 22) de l'élément préformé (10a, 10b 20') présentant essentiellement la géométrie et/ou les sections locales de la zone de fond (22) de l'élément (20") formé au moins par zones, l'excédent de matière étant compensé par la forme de la zone de transition (16, 26) entre la zone de fond (12, 22) et la zone de châssis (14, 24) de la pièce préformée (10a, 10b 20') et/ou par la forme de la zone de transition entre la zone de bride et la zone de châssis de la pièce préformée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le préformage est effectué dans un outil de préformage (30) comprenant un poinçon de préformage (32), une matrice de préformage (36) et un fond de matrice de préformage (36) mobile par rapport à la matrice de préformage (34), la pièce (20) étant disposée et fixée entre le poinçon de préformage (32) et le fond de matrice de préformage (36) et la pièce (20) étant préformée par un mouvement relatif entre la pièce (20) avec le poinçon de préformage (32) et le fond de matrice de préformage (36) d'une part et la matrice de préformage (34) d'autre part, et en ce que le calibrage est effectué par un outil de calibrage (40) comprenant un poinçon de calibrage (42), une matrice de calibrage (44) et un fond de matrice de calibrage (46) mobile par rapport à la matrice de calibrage (44), la pièce préformée (10a, 10b 20') étant disposée entre le poinçon de calibrage (42) et le fond de matrice de calibrage (46), et où, par un mouvement relatif entre le composant préformé (10a, 10b 20') avec le poinçon de calibrage (42) et le fond de matrice de calibrage (46) d'une part et la matrice de calibrage (44) d'autre part, le composant préformé (10a, 10b 20') est calibré.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la forme de la zone de transition (16, 26) entre la zone de fond (12, 22) et la zone de châssis (14, 24) de l'élément préformé (10a, 10b 20') conduit à une zone de fond (12) soulevée ou abaissée de l'élément préformé (10a, 10b 20').
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'excédent de matière est essentiellement fourni par la zone de transition (16, 26) entre la zone de fond (12, 22) et la zone de châssis (14, 24) de la pièce préformée (10a, 10b 20').
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la forme de la zone de transition (16, 26) entre la zone de fond (12, 22) et la zone de châssis (14, 24) de l'élément préformé (10a, 10b 20'), vue en coupe transversale, fournit une longueur supplémentaire pour la zone de fond (12, 22) et/ou la zone de châssis (14, 24) de l'élément préformé (10a, 10b 20').
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le préformage est réalisé par une opération d'emboutissage avec ou sans serre-flan (38).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le préformage est réalisé sous la forme d'une combinaison d'un gaufrage au moins partiel de la zone de fond et d'un redressement de la zone de châssis.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour le calibrage de la pièce préformée (10a, 10b, 20'), on rapproche l'une de l'autre les mâchoires de calibrage (44a, 44b) de l'outil de calibrage (40) qui définissent la zone de mâchoire (24) de la pièce formée au moins par zones (20").
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les matrices de calibrage (44a, 44b) de l'outil de calibrage (40) utilisées pour le calibrage de la pièce préformée (10a, 10b, 20') sont conçues de telle sorte que les matrices de calibrage peuvent être déplacées de préférence dans la zone de la bride de la pièce préformée.
EP17777567.3A 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments comportant une zone de fond adaptée Active EP3519121B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201731624T SI3519121T1 (sl) 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Postopek za proizvodnjo sestavnih delov s prilagojenim spodnjim delom

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016118419.5A DE102016118419A1 (de) 2016-09-29 2016-09-29 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Bauteilen mit angepasstem Bodenbereich
PCT/EP2017/074677 WO2018060360A1 (fr) 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'éléments comportant une partie fond adaptée

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3519121A1 EP3519121A1 (fr) 2019-08-07
EP3519121B1 true EP3519121B1 (fr) 2025-08-20

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EP17777567.3A Active EP3519121B1 (fr) 2016-09-29 2017-09-28 Procédé de fabrication d'éléments comportant une zone de fond adaptée

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US11426784B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3519121B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109789468B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016118419A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES3040900T3 (fr)
MX (1) MX2019003664A (fr)
PL (1) PL3519121T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI3519121T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018060360A1 (fr)

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DE102018114653A1 (de) 2018-06-19 2019-12-19 Thyssenkrupp Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung lastoptimierter Blechbauteile
ES2905725T3 (es) * 2019-07-29 2022-04-11 Gestamp Servicios S A Procedimiento y dispositivo de conformación para la fabricación de un componente de chapa metálica que presenta bridas
CN113381174B (zh) 2020-02-25 2024-06-18 华为技术有限公司 一种天线及雷达
CN116348216B (zh) * 2020-10-09 2026-01-20 日本制铁株式会社 冲压成型品的制造方法以及冲压生产线
FR3117048A1 (fr) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-10 Societe De Mecanique Et D'outillage Mothaise Outil de refoulement et utilisation correspondante
DE102021133789A1 (de) 2021-12-20 2023-06-22 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechbauteilen und Vorrichtung hierfür
DE102022100163B3 (de) 2022-01-05 2023-02-09 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Blechbauteilen und Vorrichtung hierfür
JP7794118B2 (ja) * 2022-12-23 2026-01-06 Jfeスチール株式会社 プレス成形品の製造方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2019003664A (es) 2019-06-17
CN109789468A (zh) 2019-05-21
ES3040900T3 (en) 2025-11-05
WO2018060360A1 (fr) 2018-04-05
EP3519121A1 (fr) 2019-08-07
CN109789468B (zh) 2021-08-17
PL3519121T3 (pl) 2025-11-17
SI3519121T1 (sl) 2025-12-31
US11426784B2 (en) 2022-08-30
DE102016118419A1 (de) 2018-03-29
US20210316355A1 (en) 2021-10-14

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