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EP3576125B1 - High voltage circuit breaker - Google Patents

High voltage circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3576125B1
EP3576125B1 EP18175210.6A EP18175210A EP3576125B1 EP 3576125 B1 EP3576125 B1 EP 3576125B1 EP 18175210 A EP18175210 A EP 18175210A EP 3576125 B1 EP3576125 B1 EP 3576125B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
voltage circuit
channel
tulip
region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18175210.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3576125A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Seeger
Bernardo Galletti
Mahesh DHOTRE
Reto Karrer
Rijo-Jude Raphael
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Energy Ltd
Original Assignee
ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG filed Critical ABB Power Grids Switzerland AG
Priority to EP18175210.6A priority Critical patent/EP3576125B1/en
Priority to CN201910456332.3A priority patent/CN110556262B/en
Publication of EP3576125A1 publication Critical patent/EP3576125A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3576125B1 publication Critical patent/EP3576125B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/703Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02Details
    • H01H33/04Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/22Selection of fluids for arc-extinguishing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • High-voltage circuit breakers have been known for a long time. They have two contact elements which are movable relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker. Between the two contact elements there is an arc area in which an arc arises when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched, which arc must be extinguished, for example, using an extinguishing gas.
  • the Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of part of a known high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive.
  • the contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip
  • the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin.
  • An arc region 5 is provided between the two contact pieces 3, 4, in which an arc is formed, for example when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched off, in which the two contact elements are removed from one another.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has an essentially cylindrical auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3.
  • the inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle faces the arc region 5.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • a channel 10 is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 to a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume and / or a blowing piston volume 8.
  • the blowing volume 8 is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9.
  • the channel 10 is angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b.
  • the first channel area 10a opens into the arc area 5 and runs at right angles to the central axis 2, ie in the radial direction 9.
  • the second channel area 10b opens into the blowing volume 8 and runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel to the central axis 2, ie in the axial direction 11.
  • An additional channel 13 is formed between the metallic contact tulip 3 and the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, a gas flow occurs in the area between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the metallic contact tulip 3 in the switch-off phases of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • a switching device arrangement which has a switching gas intermediate storage device and a flow deflection device projecting into this.
  • the flow deflection device is designed at least in sections as a Venturi nozzle with a take-off opening.
  • this switching device arrangement has arcing contact pieces, an arcing nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle.
  • One of the arcing contact pieces is tubular and has a socket at its end facing the other arcing contact piece.
  • This second arcing contact piece is designed in the shape of a bolt opposite the same, so that it can be moved into the socket of the first arcing contact piece and enables galvanic contact between the two arcing contact pieces.
  • a switching gas outlet channel is formed between the arc steering nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle.
  • the tubular arcing contact piece rests directly on the auxiliary nozzle in its radial outer area.
  • WO 2009/124582 A1 and DE 195 12 652 C1 each disclose a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker whose current breaking capacity is improved. This object is achieved by a high-voltage circuit breaker with the features specified in claim 1.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker specified in claim 1 has: two opposing contact elements that can move relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker, an arc area provided between the two contact elements, an auxiliary nozzle which at least partially encloses one of the contact elements, a main nozzle which the auxiliary nozzle at least partially encloses a channel connecting the arc area with a blowing volume, in particular heating volume and / or blowing piston volume, which has a first channel area, the first channel area opening into the arc area and there a stagnation point in the opening area (especially when blowing the arc) forms, and a further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and a first of the two contact elements, the further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and the first of the two contact elements being closed at the end and wherein the distance between the stagnation point and a narrowest point of the first contact element is in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm.
  • the distance on the central axis between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element is measured.
  • the first contact element encloses a volume and has a minimum cross-sectional area perpendicular to the central axis through the volume, the intersection of the minimum cross-sectional area with the central axis defining the narrowest point of the first contact element.
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker designed in this way has the advantage that even when using a (very) small distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element, a (very) steep pressure profile can be formed which is largely independent of the shape or shape. Design of the auxiliary nozzle is. Consequently, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even in the event of wear and thus a surface change or a burn-off of the auxiliary nozzle.
  • a small acceleration path the length of which, according to the invention, is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads together with a tulip channel closed at the end (or further channel closed at the end) to improve the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
  • this current disconnection capacity is further improved in that the tulip slots present in the contact element designed as a contact tulip are also made as small as possible, in particular less than or equal to 1 mm or less than or equal to 0.8 mm or less than or equal to 0.6 mm .
  • the Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of part of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive.
  • the contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip
  • the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin.
  • the said contact tulip has tulip fingers and from the Figure 2 not visible, provided between the tulip fingers tulip slits, which allow a deformation of the tulip fingers for receiving the contact pin 4.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a cylindrically designed auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3 designed as a contact tulip.
  • the area of the inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle 6 located in the arc area 5 faces the arc area 5.
  • the inner jacket 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, which is adjacent to the radial outer jacket 3b of the contact element 3, extends (essentially) in the axial direction 11.
  • a tulip channel 13 is formed which, according to the invention, in its in of the Figure 2 has a closure point 13a on the left-hand end region and in its other end region it encompasses the tulip fingers at a distance or partially envelops the tulip fingers or adjoins the tulip fingers.
  • the tulip slits present in the contact tulip 3, which allow the fingers of the contact tulip to be deformed are also dimensioned small, preferably smaller than or equal to 1 mm.
  • This effect is further improved if the tulip slits are chosen to be smaller than or equal to 0.8 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the tulip slits smaller than or equal to 0.6 mm.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • the part of the inner jacket 7a of the main nozzle 7 that is in the arc region faces the arc region 5.
  • a channel 10 (also called a heating channel 10) is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 with a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume 8 and / or a blowing piston volume 8.
  • This blowing volume is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9.
  • the channel 10 is typically angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b.
  • the first channel area 10a runs at right angles or almost at right angles to the central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, ie (essentially) in the radial direction 9.
  • the second channel area 10b runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel or almost parallel to the central axis 2 , ie (essentially) in the axial direction 11.
  • a stagnation point 12 is shown, which is located on the central axis 2.
  • the flow velocity of the gas is zero when the arc is blown (essentially) in a radial direction by the extinguishing gas flowing back through the heating channel 10 from the blowing volume 8, in particular from the heating volume 8 and / or blowing piston volume 8.
  • This stagnation point 12 is present at an axial position on the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1, which lies between an end region 7b of the main nozzle 7 delimiting the channel region 10a and an end region 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting the channel region 10a on its other side.
  • the axial position of said end portion 7b of the main nozzle 7 is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter g.
  • the axial position of said end region 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 (or the axial end surface 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting channel region 10a) is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter f.
  • the narrowest point (throat) of the contact tulip 3 illustrated with a dashed line, which is denoted by the letter e.
  • the stagnation point 12 is arranged in the axial area at the confluence of the first channel area 10a into the arc area 5, i.e. in the axial area between the dashed lines f and g.
  • the Mach1 plane is located in supersonic flow conditions.
  • the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 is selected to be very small and lies in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm. This range is chosen so that on the one hand the axial acceleration distance is not too short to to avoid the creation of turbulence on the arc jacket and that, on the other hand, the axial acceleration path is long enough to ensure the rise in the pressure profile.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 8 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 10 mm.
  • a preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 18 mm.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 16 mm, in particular that the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip is selected in the range of 12 mm to 16 mm .
  • the gas flow through the tulip channel prevented by the closing of the tulip channel 13 at the end ensures that the Mach1 plane (in the event of an arc load) can only be positioned in the area of the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 and not, for example, in the area of the narrowest point of the auxiliary nozzle 6.
  • the axial position of the stagnation point 12 lies - as already explained above - in the axial area between the two boundary lines f and g, which characterize the width of the first channel area 10a.
  • the selected short distance L1 between the stagnation point 12 and the narrowest point of the first contact element enables the already mentioned steep increase in the pressure profile, which is almost independent of the shape of the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even if the auxiliary nozzle 6 is worn. Furthermore, the selected short distance L1, which is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads to an improved current-breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1.
  • a network interface for connecting a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention to a data network.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker can be connected to the data network via the network interface in order to execute a command received from the data network and / or to transmit information to the data network.
  • switch-on and switch-off commands can be transmitted to the high-voltage circuit breaker in this way and / or status information can be transmitted from the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 to the data network.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter.The invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter sind seit langer Zeit bekannt. Sie weisen zwei Kontaktelemente auf, die längs einer Mittelachse des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters relativ zueinander beweglich sind. Zwischen den beiden Kontaktelementen liegt ein Lichtbogenbereich vor, in welchem bei einem Schalten des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters ein Lichtbogen entsteht, der beispielsweise unter Verwendung eines Löschgases gelöscht werden muss.High-voltage circuit breakers have been known for a long time. They have two contact elements which are movable relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker. Between the two contact elements there is an arc area in which an arc arises when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched, which arc must be extinguished, for example, using an extinguishing gas.

Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung eines Teils eines bekannten Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters. Dieser Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 weist zwei einander gegenüberstehende, längs einer Mittelachse 2 des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters mittels eines Antriebs relativ zueinander bewegliche Kontaktelemente 3, 4 auf. Bei dem Kontaktelement 3 handelt es sich um eine metallische Kontakttulpe, beim Kontaktelement 4 um einen metallischen Kontaktstift. Zwischen den beiden Kontaktstücken 3, 4 ist ein Lichtbogenbereich 5 vorgesehen, in welchem beispielsweise bei einem Ausschalten des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters, bei welchem die beiden Kontaktelemente voneinander entfernt werden, ein Lichtbogen gebildet wird.The Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of part of a known high-voltage circuit breaker. This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive. The contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip, the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin. An arc region 5 is provided between the two contact pieces 3, 4, in which an arc is formed, for example when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched off, in which the two contact elements are removed from one another.

Des Weiteren weist der in der Figur 1 gezeigte Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 eine im wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildete Hilfsdüse 6 auf, die das Kontaktelement 3 zumindest teilweise umschließt. Der Innenmantel 6a der Hilfsdüse ist dem Lichtbogenbereich 5 zugewandt.Furthermore, the Figure 1 The high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has an essentially cylindrical auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3. The inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle faces the arc region 5.

Ferner weist der dargestellte Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 eine Hauptdüse 7 auf, welche die Hilfsdüse 6 zumindest teilweise umschließt.Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6.

Zwischen der Hilfsdüse 6 und der Hauptdüse 7 ist ein Kanal 10 gebildet, der den Lichtbogenbereich 5 mit einem Blasvolumen 8, insbesondere Heizvolumen und/oder Blaskolbenvolumen 8, verbindet. Das Blasvolumen 8 ist in Radialrichtung 9 außerhalb der Hilfsdüse 6 angeordnet. Der Kanal 10 ist abgewinkelt ausgebildet und weist einen ersten Kanalbereich 10a und einen zweiten Kanalbereich 10b auf. Der erste Kanalbereich 10a mündet in den Lichtbogenbereich 5 und verläuft im rechten Winkel zur Mittelachse 2, d.h. in Radialrichtung 9. Der zweite Kanalbereich 10b mündet in das Blasvolumen 8 und verläuft zwischen der Hilfsdüse 6 und der Hauptdüse 7 parallel zur Mittelachse 2, d.h. in Axialrichtung 11.A channel 10 is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 to a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume and / or a blowing piston volume 8. The blowing volume 8 is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9. The channel 10 is angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b. The first channel area 10a opens into the arc area 5 and runs at right angles to the central axis 2, ie in the radial direction 9. The second channel area 10b opens into the blowing volume 8 and runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel to the central axis 2, ie in the axial direction 11.

Zwischen der metallischen Kontakttulpe 3 und der Hilfsdüse 6 ist ein zusätzlicher Kanal 13 gebildet. Dies hat zur Folge, dass sich im Bereich zwischen der Hilfsdüse 6 und der metallischen Kontakttulpe 3 in den Ausschaltphasen des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters ein Gasfluss einstellt.An additional channel 13 is formed between the metallic contact tulip 3 and the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, a gas flow occurs in the area between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the metallic contact tulip 3 in the switch-off phases of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

Aus der DE 10 2009 009 450 A1 ist eine Schaltgeräteanordnung bekannt, die eine Schaltgaszwischenspeichereinrichtung und eine in diese hineinragende Strömungslenkeinrichtung aufweist. Die Strömungslenkeinrichtung ist zumindest abschnittsweise als Venturidüse mit einer Abnahmeöffnung ausgebildet. Des Weiteren weist diese Schaltgeräteanordnung Lichtbogenkontaktstücke, eine Lichtbogenlenkdüse und eine Hilfsdüse auf. Eines der Lichtbogenkontaktstücke ist rohrförmig ausgebildet und weist an seinem dem anderen Lichtbogenkontaktstück zugewandten Ende eine Buchse auf. Dieses zweite Lichtbogenkontaktstück ist gegengleich bolzenförmig ausgebildet, so dass es in die Buchse des ersten Lichtbogenkontaktstücks einfahrbar ist und eine galvanische Kontaktierung zwischen den beiden Lichtbogenkontaktstücken ermöglicht. Zwischen der Lichtbogenlenkdüse und der Hilfsdüse ist ein Schaltgasaustrittskanal gebildet. Das rohrförmig ausgebildete Lichtbogenkontaktstück liegt in seinem radialen Außenbereich unmittelbar an der Hilfsdüse an.From the DE 10 2009 009 450 A1 a switching device arrangement is known which has a switching gas intermediate storage device and a flow deflection device projecting into this. The flow deflection device is designed at least in sections as a Venturi nozzle with a take-off opening. Furthermore, this switching device arrangement has arcing contact pieces, an arcing nozzle and an auxiliary nozzle. One of the arcing contact pieces is tubular and has a socket at its end facing the other arcing contact piece. This second arcing contact piece is designed in the shape of a bolt opposite the same, so that it can be moved into the socket of the first arcing contact piece and enables galvanic contact between the two arcing contact pieces. A switching gas outlet channel is formed between the arc steering nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle. The tubular arcing contact piece rests directly on the auxiliary nozzle in its radial outer area.

WO 2009/124582 A1 und DE 195 12 652 C1 offenbaren jeweils einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. WO 2009/124582 A1 and DE 195 12 652 C1 each disclose a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.

Beschreibung der ErfindungDescription of the invention

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter anzugeben, dessen Stromabschaltvermögen verbessert ist. Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, in Anspruchskombinationen und in der Beschreibung zusammen mit den Figuren angegeben.The object of the invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker whose current breaking capacity is improved. This object is achieved by a high-voltage circuit breaker with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous refinements and developments are given in the dependent claims, in claim combinations and in the description together with the figures.

Der im Anspruch 1 angegebene Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter weist auf: zwei einander gegenüberstehende, längs einer Mittelachse des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters relativ zueinander bewegliche Kontaktelemente, einen zwischen den beiden Kontaktelementen vorgesehenen Lichtbogenbereich, eine Hilfsdüse, die eines der Kontaktelemente zumindest teilweise umschließt, eine Hauptdüse, welche die Hilfsdüse zumindest teilweise umschließt, einen den Lichtbogenbereich mit einem Blasvolumen, insbesondere Heizvolumen und/oder Blaskolbenvolumen, verbindenden Kanal, der einen ersten Kanalbereich aufweist, wobei der erste Kanalbereich in den Lichtbogenbereich mündet und dort im Mündungsbereich (insbesondere bei Beblasung des Lichtbogens) einen Staupunkt bildet, und einen zwischen der Hilfsdüse und einem ersten der beiden Kontaktelemente verlaufenden weiteren Kanal, wobei der zwischen der Hilfsdüse und dem ersten der beiden Kontaktelemente verlaufende weitere Kanal endseitig verschlossen ist und wobei der Abstand zwischen dem Staupunkt und einer engsten Stelle des ersten Kontaktelements in einem Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 20 mm liegt. Hierbei wird der Abstand auf der Mittelachse zwischen dem Staupunkt und der engsten Stelle des ersten Kontaktelements gemessen. Insbesondere umschliesst das erste Kontaktelement ein Volumen und weist eine senkrecht zur Mittelachse stehende, minimale Querschnittsfläche durch das Volumen auf, wobei der Schnittpunkt der minimalen Querschnittsfläche mit der Mittelachse die engste Stelle des ersten Kontaktelements definiert.The high-voltage circuit breaker specified in claim 1 has: two opposing contact elements that can move relative to one another along a central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker, an arc area provided between the two contact elements, an auxiliary nozzle which at least partially encloses one of the contact elements, a main nozzle which the auxiliary nozzle at least partially encloses a channel connecting the arc area with a blowing volume, in particular heating volume and / or blowing piston volume, which has a first channel area, the first channel area opening into the arc area and there a stagnation point in the opening area (especially when blowing the arc) forms, and a further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and a first of the two contact elements, the further channel running between the auxiliary nozzle and the first of the two contact elements being closed at the end and wherein the distance between the stagnation point and a narrowest point of the first contact element is in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm. Here, the distance on the central axis between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element is measured. In particular, the first contact element encloses a volume and has a minimum cross-sectional area perpendicular to the central axis through the volume, the intersection of the minimum cross-sectional area with the central axis defining the narrowest point of the first contact element.

Ein derart ausgestalteter Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter weist den Vorteil auf, dass auch bei einer Verwendung eines (sehr) kleinen Abstandes zwischen dem Staupunkt und der engsten Stelle des ersten Kontaktelements ein (sehr) steiles Druckprofil gebildet werden kann, das weitestgehend unabhängig von der Form bzw. Gestaltung der Hilfsdüse ist. Folglich tritt auch im Falle eines Verschleisses und damit einer Oberflächenveränderung bzw. eines Abbrands der Hilfsdüse nahezu keine Änderung des Druckprofils auf. Eine kleine Beschleunigungsstrecke, deren Länge erfindungsgemäss im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 20 mm liegt, führt gemeinsam mit einem endseitig geschlossenen Tulpenkanal (bzw. endseitig verschlossenen weiteren Kanal) zu einer Verbesserung des Stromabschaltvermögens des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters.A high-voltage circuit breaker designed in this way has the advantage that even when using a (very) small distance between the stagnation point and the narrowest point of the first contact element, a (very) steep pressure profile can be formed which is largely independent of the shape or shape. Design of the auxiliary nozzle is. Consequently, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even in the event of wear and thus a surface change or a burn-off of the auxiliary nozzle. A small acceleration path, the length of which, according to the invention, is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads together with a tulip channel closed at the end (or further channel closed at the end) to improve the current breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker.

In Ausführungsbeispielen wird dieses Stromabschaltvermögen dadurch weiter verbessert, dass in dem als Kontakttulpe ausgebildeten Kontaktelement vorhandene Tulpenschlitze ebenfalls möglichst klein dimensioniert werden, insbesondere kleiner als oder gleich 1 mm oder kleiner als oder gleich 0,8 mm oder kleiner als oder gleich 0,6 mm sind.In exemplary embodiments, this current disconnection capacity is further improved in that the tulip slots present in the contact element designed as a contact tulip are also made as small as possible, in particular less than or equal to 1 mm or less than or equal to 0.8 mm or less than or equal to 0.6 mm .

Weitere vorteilhafte Eigenschaften der Erfindung ergeben sich aus deren beispielhafter Erläuterung anhand der Zeichnungen.Further advantageous properties of the invention emerge from their exemplary explanation based on the drawings.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

  • Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung eines Teils eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters nach dem Stand der Technik.The Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional representation of part of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the prior art.
  • Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung eines Teils eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung.The Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of part of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention.
Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der ZeichnungenDescription of an embodiment based on the drawings

Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Querschnittsdarstellung eines Teils eines Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel für die Erfindung. Dieser Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 weist zwei einander gegenüberstehende, längs einer Mittelachse 2 des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters mittels eines Antriebs relativ zueinander bewegliche Kontaktelemente 3, 4 auf. Bei dem Kontaktelement 3 handelt es sich um eine metallische Kontakttulpe, beim Kontaktelement 4 um einen metallischen Kontaktstift. Zwischen den beiden Kontaktstücken 3, 4 ist ein Lichtbogenbereich 5 vorhanden, in welchem beispielsweise bei einem Ausschalten des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters, bei welchem die beiden Kontaktelemente voneinander entfernt werden, ein Lichtbogen gebildet wird. Die genannte Kontakttulpe weist Tulpenfinger und aus der Figur 2 nicht ersichtliche, zwischen den Tulpenfingern vorgesehene Tulpenschlitze auf, die eine Verformung der Tulpenfinger zur Aufnahme des Kontaktstiftes 4 ermöglichen.The Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional representation of part of a high-voltage circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the invention. This high-voltage circuit breaker 1 has two opposing contact elements 3, 4 which can be moved relative to one another along a central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker by means of a drive. The contact element 3 is a metallic contact tulip, the contact element 4 is a metallic contact pin. Between the two contact pieces 3, 4 there is an arc region 5, in which an arc is formed, for example when the high-voltage circuit breaker is switched off, in which the two contact elements are removed from one another. The said contact tulip has tulip fingers and from the Figure 2 not visible, provided between the tulip fingers tulip slits, which allow a deformation of the tulip fingers for receiving the contact pin 4.

Des Weiteren weist der in der Figur 2 gezeigte Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 eine zylindrisch ausgebildete Hilfsdüse 6 auf, die das als Kontakttulpe ausgebildete Kontaktelement 3 zumindest teilweise umschließt. Der im Lichtbogenbereich 5 gelegene Bereich des Innenmantels 6a der Hilfsdüse 6 ist dem Lichtbogenbereich 5 zugewandt. Der dem radialen Außenmantel 3b des Kontaktelements 3 benachbarte Innenmantel 6c der Hilfsdüse 6 erstreckt sich (im wesentlichen) in Axialrichtung 11. Zwischen dem radialen Außenmantel 3b des Kontaktelements 3 und dem Innenmantel 6c des Hilfsdüse 6 ist ein Tulpenkanal 13 gebildet, der erfindungsgemäss in seinem in der Figur 2 linksseitigen Endbereich eine Verschlussstelle 13a aufweist und in seinem anderen Endbereich die Tulpenfinger mit Abstand umgreift bzw. die Tulpenfinger teilweise umhüllt oder an die Tulpenfinger angrenzt. Durch das Verschließen des Tulpenkanals 13 in seinem erstgenannten (linksseitigen) Endbereich wird erreicht, dass im Tulpenkanal 13 oder durch den Tulpenkanal in den Ausschaltphasen des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters kein Gasfluss oder kein wesentlicher Gasfluss auftritt.Furthermore, the Figure 2 The high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a cylindrically designed auxiliary nozzle 6 which at least partially encloses the contact element 3 designed as a contact tulip. The area of the inner jacket 6a of the auxiliary nozzle 6 located in the arc area 5 faces the arc area 5. The inner jacket 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, which is adjacent to the radial outer jacket 3b of the contact element 3, extends (essentially) in the axial direction 11. Between the radial outer jacket 3b of the contact element 3 and the inner jacket 6c of the auxiliary nozzle 6, a tulip channel 13 is formed which, according to the invention, in its in of the Figure 2 has a closure point 13a on the left-hand end region and in its other end region it encompasses the tulip fingers at a distance or partially envelops the tulip fingers or adjoins the tulip fingers. By closing the tulip channel 13 in its first-mentioned (left-hand) end region, it is achieved that in the tulip channel 13 or through the tulip channel in the switch-off phases of the high-voltage circuit breaker no gas flow or no substantial gas flow occurs.

Vorzugsweise wird dieser Effekt dadurch weiter verbessert, dass die in der Kontakttulpe 3 vorhandenen Tulpenschlitze, die eine Verformung der Finger der Kontakttulpe ermöglichen, ebenfalls klein dimensioniert werden, vorzugsweise kleiner als oder gleich 1 mm. Dieser Effekt wird noch weiter verbessert, wenn die Tulpenschlitze kleiner als oder gleich 0,8 mm gewählt werden. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform besteht darin, die Tulpenschlitze kleiner als oder gleich 0,6 mm zu wählen.This effect is preferably further improved in that the tulip slits present in the contact tulip 3, which allow the fingers of the contact tulip to be deformed, are also dimensioned small, preferably smaller than or equal to 1 mm. This effect is further improved if the tulip slits are chosen to be smaller than or equal to 0.8 mm. A particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the tulip slits smaller than or equal to 0.6 mm.

Ferner weist der dargestellte Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 eine Hauptdüse 7 auf, welche die Hilfsdüse 6 zumindest teilweise umschließt. Der im Lichtbogenbereich liegende Teil des Innenmantels 7a der Hauptdüse 7 ist dem Lichtbogenbereich 5 zugewandt.Furthermore, the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 shown has a main nozzle 7 which at least partially encloses the auxiliary nozzle 6. The part of the inner jacket 7a of the main nozzle 7 that is in the arc region faces the arc region 5.

Zwischen der Hilfsdüse 6 und der Hauptdüse 7 ist ein Kanal 10 (auch Heizkanal 10 genannt) gebildet, der den Lichtbogenbereich 5 mit einem Blasvolumen 8, insbesondere Heizvolumen 8 und/oder Blaskolbenvolumen 8, verbindet. Dieses Blasvolumen ist in Radialrichtung 9 außerhalb der Hilfsdüse 6 angeordnet. Der Kanal 10 ist typischerweise abgewinkelt ausgebildet und weist einen ersten Kanalbereich 10a und einen zweiten Kanalbereich 10b auf. Der erste Kanalbereich 10a verläuft im rechten Winkel oder nahezu im rechten Winkel zur Mittelachse 2 des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters, d.h. (im wesentlichen) in Radialrichtung 9. Der zweite Kanalbereich 10b verläuft zwischen der Hilfsdüse 6 und der Hauptdüse 7 parallel oder nahezu parallel zur Mittelachse 2, d.h. (im wesentlichen) in Axialrichtung 11.A channel 10 (also called a heating channel 10) is formed between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 and connects the arc region 5 with a blowing volume 8, in particular a heating volume 8 and / or a blowing piston volume 8. This blowing volume is arranged outside the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the radial direction 9. The channel 10 is typically angled and has a first channel area 10a and a second channel area 10b. The first channel area 10a runs at right angles or almost at right angles to the central axis 2 of the high-voltage circuit breaker, ie (essentially) in the radial direction 9. The second channel area 10b runs between the auxiliary nozzle 6 and the main nozzle 7 parallel or almost parallel to the central axis 2 , ie (essentially) in the axial direction 11.

Des Weiteren ist in der Figur 2 ein Staupunkt 12 eingezeichnet, der sich auf der Mittelachse 2 befindet. An diesem Staupunkt 12 ist die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gases gleich Null, wenn der Lichtbogen von dem aus dem Blasvolumen 8, insbesondere aus dem Heizvolumen 8 und/oder Blaskolbenvolumen 8, durch den Heizkanal 10 zurückströmenden Löschgas (im wesentlichen) in radialer Richtung beblasen wird.Furthermore, in the Figure 2 a stagnation point 12 is shown, which is located on the central axis 2. At this stagnation point 12, the flow velocity of the gas is zero when the arc is blown (essentially) in a radial direction by the extinguishing gas flowing back through the heating channel 10 from the blowing volume 8, in particular from the heating volume 8 and / or blowing piston volume 8.

Dieser Staupunkt 12 ist an einer Axialposition auf der Mittelachse des Hochspannungs-leistungsschalters 1 vorhanden ist, welche zwischen einem den Kanalbereich 10a begrenzenden Endbereich 7b der Hauptdüse 7 und einem den Kanalbereich 10a auf dessen anderer Seite begrenzenden Endbereich 6b der Hilfsdüse 6 liegt. In Figur 2 ist die Axialposition des genannten Endbereiches 7b der Hauptdüse 7 mit einer gestrichelten Linie veranschaulicht, die mit dem Buchstaben g bezeichnet ist. In Figur 2 ist die Axialposition des genannten Endbereiches 6b der Hilfsdüse 6 (bzw. der den Kanalbereich 10a begrenzenden axialen Endfläche 6b der Hilfsdüse 6) mit einer gestrichelten Linie veranschaulicht, die mit dem Buchstaben f bezeichnet ist. Ferner ist in der Figur 2 die engste Stelle (throat) der Kontakttulpe 3 mit einer gestrichelten Linie veranschaulicht, die mit dem Buchstaben e bezeichnet ist.This stagnation point 12 is present at an axial position on the central axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1, which lies between an end region 7b of the main nozzle 7 delimiting the channel region 10a and an end region 6b of the auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting the channel region 10a on its other side. In Figure 2 the axial position of said end portion 7b of the main nozzle 7 is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter g. In Figure 2 the axial position of said end region 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 (or the axial end surface 6b of auxiliary nozzle 6 delimiting channel region 10a) is illustrated with a dashed line denoted by the letter f. Furthermore, in the Figure 2 the narrowest point (throat) of the contact tulip 3 illustrated with a dashed line, which is denoted by the letter e.

Der Staupunkt 12 ist im axialen Bereich an der Einmündung des ersten Kanalbereichs 10a in den Lichtbogenbereich 5 angeordnet, d.h. im axialen Bereich zwischen den gestrichelten Linien f und g. Im axialen Bereich der engsten Stelle (throat) der Kontakttulpe 3, die durch die gestrichelte Linie e gekennzeichnet ist, befindet sich bei supersonischen Strömungsverhältnissen die Mach1-Ebene.The stagnation point 12 is arranged in the axial area at the confluence of the first channel area 10a into the arc area 5, i.e. in the axial area between the dashed lines f and g. In the axial area of the narrowest point (throat) of the contact tulip 3, which is indicated by the dashed line e, the Mach1 plane is located in supersonic flow conditions.

Erfindungsgemäss ist der Abstand L1 des Staupunkt 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe 3 sehr klein gewählt und liegt in einem Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 20 mm. Dieser Bereich ist so gewählt, dass einerseits die axiale Beschleunigungsstrecke nicht zu kurz ist, um die Entstehung von Turbulenzen am Lichtbogenmantel zu vermeiden, und dass andererseits die axiale Beschleunigungsstrecke lang genug ist, um den Anstieg des Druckprofils zu gewährleisten. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung besteht darin, den Abstand L1 des Staupunkts 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe 3 größer als 8 mm zu wählen. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung besteht darin, den Abstand L1 des Staupunkts 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe 3 größer als 10 mm zu wählen. Des Weiteren besteht eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung darin, den Abstand L1 des Staupunkts 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe kleiner als 18 mm zu wählen. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung besteht darin, den Abstand L1 des Staupunkts 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe kleiner als 16 mm zu wählen, inbesondere dass der Abstand L1 des Staupunkts 12 von der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe im Bereich von 12 mm bis 16 mm gewählt ist.According to the invention, the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 is selected to be very small and lies in a range between 5 mm and 20 mm. This range is chosen so that on the one hand the axial acceleration distance is not too short to to avoid the creation of turbulence on the arc jacket and that, on the other hand, the axial acceleration path is long enough to ensure the rise in the pressure profile. A preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 8 mm. A particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 to be greater than 10 mm. Furthermore, a preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 18 mm. A particularly preferred embodiment consists in choosing the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip to be less than 16 mm, in particular that the distance L1 of the stagnation point 12 from the narrowest point of the contact tulip is selected in the range of 12 mm to 16 mm .

Der durch das endseitige Verschließen des Tulpenkanals 13 verhinderte Gasfluss durch den Tulpenkanal stellt dabei sicher, dass die Mach1-Ebene (bei Lichtbogenbelasung) nur im Bereich der engsten Stelle der Kontakttulpe 3 positioniert sein kann und nicht beispielsweise im Bereich der engsten Stelle der Hilfsdüse 6. Die axiale Position des Staupunkts 12 liegt - wie bereits oben ausgeführt wurde - im axialen Bereich zwischen den beiden Begrenzungslinien f und g, welche die Breite des ersten Kanalbereichs 10a charakterisieren.The gas flow through the tulip channel prevented by the closing of the tulip channel 13 at the end ensures that the Mach1 plane (in the event of an arc load) can only be positioned in the area of the narrowest point of the contact tulip 3 and not, for example, in the area of the narrowest point of the auxiliary nozzle 6. The axial position of the stagnation point 12 lies - as already explained above - in the axial area between the two boundary lines f and g, which characterize the width of the first channel area 10a.

Die gewählte kurze Distanz L1 zwischen dem Staupunkt 12 und der engsten Stelle des ersten Kontaktelements ermöglicht den bereits genannten steilen Anstieg des Druckprofils, welcher nahezu unabhängig von der Form der Hilfsdüse 6 ist. Folglich tritt selbst im Falle einer abgenutzten Hilfsdüse 6 nahezu keine Änderung des Druckprofils auf. Ferner führt die gewählte kurze Distanz L1, die im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 20 mm liegt, zu einem verbesserten Stromabschaltvermögen des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters 1.The selected short distance L1 between the stagnation point 12 and the narrowest point of the first contact element enables the already mentioned steep increase in the pressure profile, which is almost independent of the shape of the auxiliary nozzle 6. As a result, almost no change in the pressure profile occurs even if the auxiliary nozzle 6 is worn. Furthermore, the selected short distance L1, which is in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm, leads to an improved current-breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1.

Zu einer Verbesserung des Stromabschaltvermögens des Hochspannungs-Leistugsschalters wäre es nicht zwingend notwendig, den Tulpenkanal endseitig vollständig zu verschließen. Eine starke Verengung des Tulpenkanals an dieser Stelle wäre grundsätzlich ausreichend, um eine Verbesserung des Stromabschaltvermögens zu erreichen. Da aber der sich aufbauende Druck dann am größten ist, wenn der Tulpenkanal endseitig vollständig verschlossen ist, wird ein vollständiges Verschließen des Tulpenkanals an einer Verschlussstelle bevorzugt. Würde im Tulpenkanal Gasfluss auftreten, dann würde die axiale Position der Mach1-Ebene in Abhängigkeit vom Verschleiss der Hilfsdüse variieren und das Druckprofil würde sich verändern. Dies ist jedoch nicht gewünscht, da das Stromabschaltvermögen des Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters unabhängig vom Verschleiss der Hilfsdüse sein soll. Folglich wird bei der vorliegenden Erfindung sowohl eine kurze Beschleunigungslänge L1 gewählt als auch ein endseitiger Verschluss des Tulpenkanals vorgenommen, wobei die Beschleunigungslänge L1 im Bereich zwischen 5 mm und 20 mm liegt.To improve the current disconnection capacity of the high-voltage power switch, it would not be absolutely necessary to completely close the tulip channel at the end. A strong narrowing of the tulip canal at this point would be sufficient in principle to improve the current interruption capacity. However, since the pressure that builds up is greatest when the tulip channel is completely closed at the end, a complete closing of the tulip channel at a closure point is preferred. If gas flow were to occur in the tulip duct, the axial position of the Mach1 plane would vary depending on the wear and tear on the auxiliary nozzle and the pressure profile would change. However, this is not desired, since the current-breaking capacity of the high-voltage circuit breaker should be independent of the wear and tear on the auxiliary nozzle. Consequently, in the present invention both a short acceleration length L1 is selected and an end closure of the tulip canal is carried out, the acceleration length L1 being in the range between 5 mm and 20 mm.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist zur Verbindung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalters 1 mit einem Datennetzwerk ein Netzwerk-Interface vorgesehen. Der Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter ist über das Netzwerk-Interface mit dem Datennetzwerk verbindbar, um einen vom Datennetzwerk empfangenen Befehl auszuführen und/oder um Informationen an das Datennetzwerk zu übertragen. Beispielsweise können auf diese Weise Einschalt- und Ausschaltbefehle an den Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter übertragen werden und/oder Statusinformationen vom Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter 1 an das Datennetzwerk übertragen werden.According to an advantageous embodiment, a network interface is provided for connecting a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention to a data network. The high-voltage circuit breaker can be connected to the data network via the network interface in order to execute a command received from the data network and / or to transmit information to the data network. For example, switch-on and switch-off commands can be transmitted to the high-voltage circuit breaker in this way and / or status information can be transmitted from the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 to the data network.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
Hochspannungs-LeistungsschalterHigh voltage circuit breaker
22
Mittelachse des Hochspannungs-LeistungsschaltersCentral axis of the high-voltage circuit breaker
33
Erstes Kontaktelement; KontakttulpeFirst contact element; Contact tulip
3a3a
Innenmantel des ersten KontaktelementsInner jacket of the first contact element
3b3b
Außenmantel des ersten Kontaktelements im TulpenkanalOuter jacket of the first contact element in the tulip channel
44th
Zweites Kontaktelement; KontaktstiftSecond contact element; Contact pin
55
LichtbogenbereichArc area
66
HilfsdüseAuxiliary nozzle
6a6a
Innenmantel der Hilfsdüse 6 im LichtbogenbereichInner jacket of the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the arc area
6b6b
axialer Endbereich der Hilfsdüse 6axial end area of the auxiliary nozzle 6
6c6c
Innenmantel der Hilfsdüse 6 im TulpenkanalInner jacket of the auxiliary nozzle 6 in the tulip channel
77th
HauptdüseMain jet
7a7a
Innenmantel der Hauptdüse 7 im LichtbogenbereichInner jacket of the main nozzle 7 in the arc area
7b7b
axialer Endbereich der Hauptdüse 7axial end area of the main nozzle 7
88th
Heizvolumen, Blaskolbenvolumen; BlasvolumenHeating volume, piston volume; Blowing volume
99
RadialrichtungRadial direction
1010
Kanal, HeizkanalChannel, heating channel
10a10a
erster Kanalbereichfirst canal area
10b10b
zweiter Kanalbereichsecond canal area
1111
AxialrichtungAxial direction
1212th
StaupunktStagnation point
1313
weiterer Kanal, Tulpenkanalanother canal, tulip canal
13a13a
VerschlussstelleLocking point
ee
axiale Position der Mach1-Ebeneaxial position of the Mach1 plane
ff
axiale Position einer ersten Begrenzung des ersten Kanalbereichs 10aaxial position of a first delimitation of the first channel region 10a
gG
axiale Position einer zweiten Begrenzung des Kanalbereichs 10aaxial position of a second delimitation of the channel region 10a

Claims (15)

  1. High-voltage circuit breaker (1), comprising
    - two contact elements (3, 4) which are opposite one another and are movable relative to one another along a centre axis (2) of the high-voltage circuit breaker,
    - an arc region (5) which is provided between the two contact elements,
    - an auxiliary nozzle (6) which at least partially surrounds one of the contact elements (3),
    - a main nozzle (7) which at least partially surrounds the auxiliary nozzle,
    - a channel (10) which connects the arc region to a blowout volume (8) and has a first channel region (10a), wherein the first channel region (10a) issues into the arc region (5) and forms a stagnation point (12) there in the mouth region, and
    - a further channel (13) which runs between the auxiliary nozzle (6) and a first of the two contact elements (3), wherein the further channel (13) which runs between the auxiliary nozzle (6) and the first of the two contact elements (3) is closed at the end side,
    characterized in that
    the distance (L1), measured in the direction of the centre axis (2), between the stagnation point (12) and a narrowest point of the first contact element (3) lies in the range of between 5 mm and 20 mm.
  2. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 1, in which the first contact element is a contact tulip (3) and the second contact element is a contact pin (4), wherein the further channel (13) is a tulip channel.
  3. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 2, in which the tulip channel (13) is closed at an end-side closure point (13a) and in its other end region adjoins tulip fingers between which tulip slots are provided.
  4. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 3, in which the tulip slots are each less than or equal to 1 mm.
  5. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 3, in which the tulip slots are each less less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
  6. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to Claim 3, in which the tulip slots are each less than or equal to 0.6 mm.
  7. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which a Mach 1 plane is formed in the region of the narrowest point of the first contact element (3), in particular in a cross-sectional region of the narrowest point, under supersonic flow conditions.
  8. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the distance (L1) between the stagnation point (12) and the narrowest point of the first contact element is greater than 8 mm.
  9. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the distance (L1) between the stagnation point (12) and the narrowest point of the first contact element is greater than 10 mm.
  10. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the distance (L1) between the stagnation point (12) and the narrowest point of the first contact element is less than 18 mm.
  11. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the distance (L1) between the stagnation point (12) and the narrowest point of the first contact element is less than 16 mm.
  12. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the channel (10) which connects the arc region (5) to the blowout volume (8) is of angled design and has the first channel region (10a) and a second channel region (10b), wherein the first channel region (10a) runs at a right angle or substantially at a right angle to the centre axis (2) and the second channel region (10b) issues into the blowout volume (8) and runs between the auxiliary nozzle (6) and the main nozzle (7) parallel or substantially parallel to the centre axis (2).
  13. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stagnation point (12) is present at an axial position on the centre axis (2) of the high-voltage circuit breaker (1), which centre axis lies between an end region (7b) of the main nozzle (7) that delimits the first channel region (10a) and an end region (6b) of the auxiliary nozzle (6) that delimits the first channel region (10a) on its other side.
  14. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance (L1) on the centre axis (2) between the stagnation point (12) and the narrowest point of the first contact element (3) is measured, in particular that the first contact element (3) surrounds a volume and has a minimal cross-sectional area, which is perpendicular to the centre axis (2), through the volume, wherein the intersection point of the minimal cross-sectional area with the centre axis (2) defines the narrowest point of the first contact element (3) .
  15. High-voltage circuit breaker (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the blowout volume (8) is a heating volume (8) or a blowout piston volume (8) or a combined heating volume (8) and blowout piston volume (8).
EP18175210.6A 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 High voltage circuit breaker Active EP3576125B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18175210.6A EP3576125B1 (en) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 High voltage circuit breaker
CN201910456332.3A CN110556262B (en) 2018-05-30 2019-05-29 High-voltage circuit breaker

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18175210.6A EP3576125B1 (en) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 High voltage circuit breaker

Publications (2)

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EP3576125A1 EP3576125A1 (en) 2019-12-04
EP3576125B1 true EP3576125B1 (en) 2021-02-17

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EP18175210.6A Active EP3576125B1 (en) 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 High voltage circuit breaker

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EP (1) EP3576125B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110556262B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118448912B (en) * 2024-05-21 2024-11-05 乐清市精密电子电器有限公司 A high temperature resistant connector

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19512652C1 (en) * 1995-04-05 1996-10-31 Aeg Energietechnik Gmbh Pressurised-gas power switch
DE502006001492D1 (en) * 2006-02-28 2008-10-16 Abb Research Ltd Switching chamber of a high-voltage switch with a heating volume for receiving arc-generated extinguishing gas
CN101828242B (en) * 2007-10-16 2013-03-13 Abb研究有限公司 Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit breaker with a relief duct which is controlled by an overflow valve
WO2009124582A1 (en) * 2008-04-07 2009-10-15 Abb Research Ltd Gas-insulated high voltage switch
DE102009009450A1 (en) 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement
EP3039703B1 (en) * 2013-08-28 2018-05-02 ABB Schweiz AG Gas-insulated high-voltage circuit-breaker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110556262A (en) 2019-12-10
CN110556262B (en) 2024-07-02
EP3576125A1 (en) 2019-12-04

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