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EP3428131B1 - Verfahren und mechanismus zum öffnen und schliessen von formen für eine maschine zum formen von glasartikeln - Google Patents

Verfahren und mechanismus zum öffnen und schliessen von formen für eine maschine zum formen von glasartikeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3428131B1
EP3428131B1 EP16893711.8A EP16893711A EP3428131B1 EP 3428131 B1 EP3428131 B1 EP 3428131B1 EP 16893711 A EP16893711 A EP 16893711A EP 3428131 B1 EP3428131 B1 EP 3428131B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
movement
opening
closing
support arms
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EP16893711.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3428131A4 (de
EP3428131A1 (de
Inventor
Víctor TIJERINA RAMOS
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Vitro SAB de CV
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Vitro SAB de CV
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Priority to PL16893711T priority Critical patent/PL3428131T3/pl
Priority to HRP20210386TT priority patent/HRP20210386T1/hr
Publication of EP3428131A1 publication Critical patent/EP3428131A1/de
Publication of EP3428131A4 publication Critical patent/EP3428131A4/de
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
    • C03B9/34—Glass-blowing moulds not otherwise provided for
    • C03B9/353—Mould holders ; Mould opening and closing mechanisms
    • C03B9/3537—Mechanisms for holders of half moulds moving by linear translation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
    • C03B9/34—Glass-blowing moulds not otherwise provided for
    • C03B9/353—Mould holders ; Mould opening and closing mechanisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00—Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/30—Details of blowing glass; Use of materials for the moulds
    • C03B9/34—Glass-blowing moulds not otherwise provided for
    • C03B9/353—Mould holders ; Mould opening and closing mechanisms
    • C03B9/3532—Mechanisms for holders of half moulds moving by rotation about a common vertical axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping

Definitions

  • This invention refers to a glassware forming machines and, more specifically, to a mold opening and closing method as defined in claim and mechanism as defined in claim 1 for this type of machine. Preferred embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
  • Glassware such as narrow neck glass containers are usually produced in glassware forming machines such as those which can include multiple similar individual forming sections by the blow-blow process, while wide-mouth jars, glasses and other glass articles produced in forming machines known as Series "E” and "F” by the press-blow process, in so-called "hot mold".
  • U.S. Patent No. 1,911,119 which includes a parison or preform forming station and a final forming or blowing station of the article. Each of the stations is mounted on an individual structure.
  • the glass in the form of gob is introduced into a parison or preformed mold in the parison forming station, where, depending on the process, the gob is settled by means of a blowing or vacuum process to the lower part of the parison mold to form the crown of the container.
  • a counter-blow is made to form a parison or preform of the container.
  • the container preform is transferred by an inversion mechanism with a 180 degree movement of the parison mold to a final blow mold of the forming station or final blow mold, where final shape is given to the container.
  • the newly formed container is transferred by a pusher mechanism to a dead plate at the front of the machine and then transferred by means of a conveyor belt to a tempering furnace.
  • the parison or preform forming station and the final forming or blowing station of the article include a series of opposite mold halves. These mold halves are held in place by a mold opening/closing mechanism, which moves between opening and closing positions, to open and close the halves of the parison or final blow mold during the glassware forming process.
  • an open-close mechanism such as the one shown in U.S. Patent No. 1,911,119 , consists of two air cylinders; levers and links, connected to each other by movable and fixed bolts.
  • the cylinders have double rods to absorb the lateral thrust on the piston, preventing the cylinders from becoming oval and ensuring less wear on the caps.
  • the linkage consists of a crank mounted on a central post and links that transform the straight-line movement of the piston into a rotating movement of the two cranks, which has a grooved inner cavity.
  • the cranks with internal grooves receive the grooved shafts which, by means of the levers and bolts placed at the upper end of the cranks, connect the hinges and, working together with the hinge support, they open and close the molding and, at the same time, multiply the force provided by the cylinder to obtain the required closing force.
  • the open molding action is cushioned out by a combination of a check valve and exhaust holes in the air cylinder, which serve to cut off the exhaust air near the end of the piston stroke.
  • a needle valve located on the back of the frame above a valve block, controls the exhaust air to regulate the cushioning of the cylinder.
  • the mold is closed by the regulate air pressure of a manifold through a spool valve, which is operated from the valve block.
  • a spool valve which is operated from the valve block.
  • the valve block cuts the pilot air
  • the spring loaded spool valve directs the manifold air to the opposite side of the cylinder to open the mold.
  • the mold opening mechanism has evolved with the new forming machines, for example, the U.S. patent No. 4,448,600, by David Braithwaite et al , relates to a mechanism for opening and closing three molds simultaneously, where a cylinder-piston assembly is connected to the mold parts through a links or joints system which serves to equalize the closing pressure of the three molds.
  • the link system comprises a link connected centrally to the cylinder-piston assembly which equalizes the pressure between one mold and a further link and a further link equalizes the pressure between the other two molds.
  • US 2011/0314872 A1 discloses a mold of a glassware machine having a longitudinal plane of symmetry, and two half-molds movable between a closed position and an open position by a powered mold opening/closing device, which has a fixed fastening and supporting structure, two-mold-holders, and, for each mold-holder, a respective supporting and actuating arm hinged to the relative mold-holder to rotate about a movable hinge axis, and to the fixed structure to rotate about a fixed hinge axis.
  • the fixed hinge axes are located on opposite sides of the plane of symmetry and at a distance from the plane of symmetry that, when the half-molds are in closed position, the line intersecting the fixed axis and the movable axis of each arm extends substantially parallel to the plane of symmetry.
  • U.S. patent No. 8,113,016 assigned to Mario Balbi, et al , which has a mold divided into two halves that move between a closed forming position and an open extraction position by an open-closing mechanism.
  • the mold includes two handling arms, each connected to a respective half-mold, which are rotated about respective fixed hinge axes by a single linear actuator.
  • the mobile member translates in a direction parallel to the fixed hinge axes, and is connected to the handling arms by mechanical transmission having a respective guide and slide assembly for each handling arm.
  • one of the main problems with the opening mechanisms is that during the formation of the preform or parison, enough force is required to keep the molds closed. That is, once the molds are in closed position, is important for the opening/closing mechanism to resist the hydraulic pressure exerted by the glass during its formation in the mold, either by the press-blow or blow-blow process. For example, a plunger at a 10 or 12 pounds pressure will generate an internal pressure of about 145 to 150 pounds per square inch in the glass. If this is multiplied by several cavities and since the pressure is in all directions, a mold opening and closing mechanism will have to withstand an approximate pressure of about 1500 pounds per square inch per each mold half. Then, one of the main functions of the opening-closing mechanism is to keep the molds completely closed to avoid starting lines on the container or not leaving marks on the final article.
  • each half of each mold receives a pressure of approximately 1250 pounds force, that is, in a four-cavity machine, each arm of the open and close mechanism would be receiving about 5000 pounds of force per arm (left and right). Therefore, many of the mechanism's links are subject to considerable stress, which causes them to fatigue and fracture, requiring machine section shutdowns to replace damaged parts.
  • An additional disadvantage is that, due to the number of components, the opening/closing mechanisms are too heavy, so a greater force is required on the motors to perform their opening/closing movement of the molds.
  • one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a mold opening and closing mechanism, which seeks to close the mold with minimum force, i.e., reduce the closing force to approximately 2000 pounds. It is proposed that the maximum force (approximately 5000 pounds) be only exerted when the piston is in operation, that is, around 1 second or 0.7 seconds, which would reduce the fatigue of the links or wear of the mechanisms.
  • a double toggle arrangement in the opening and closing mechanism of this invention, which allows maintaining the blocking of the molds during closing and reduces the closing force by approximately 2000 pounds. That is, the double toggle system allows, with a first movement, to immobilize the opening and closing mechanism in the closed position of the molds and, with a second movement, to unlock or release the mechanism to open the molds.
  • mold holder arms move separately, that is, each arm or clamp has its own motor, so each one is synchronized in its opening and closing.
  • the left arm or mold holder can be moved first, positioning it to a virtual or theoretical zero, simulating a kind of wall or stop. Subsequently, the right arm or mold holder will reach the closing position, with a phase shift of one or two hundredths of a second.
  • This type of offset is feasible through the definition of a motion profile for each arm with different accelerations and speeds. During the opening motion is important that both halves are opened at the same time, in order for the vacuum or capillarity forces to take off.
  • a further advantage is to manufacture a lighter mechanism of this invention, where the arms, when placed in a cantilever position and separated from each other, allow the opening and closing of the arms with a semi-parallel movement.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the opening/closing mechanism is completely modular, that is, to maintain, repair or change, the entire mechanism is removed from the machine section.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is that the jaws or arms are manufactured with the same design, so they can be placed either on the left or on the right side. Being standard, in case a quadruple to triple cavity change is required, only one set of inserts are changed. These inserts being self-balancing or self-compensating to transmit the same closing force in all molds.
  • mold opening and closing mechanism of the present invention which may be used either for the parison or preform side, or for the final blow mold.
  • the mold opening and closing mechanism 10 comprises: a support structure 12 including a support base 14 and two vertical support structures 16, 18.
  • Each of the support structures 16, 18, include: an intermediate support base 20, 22 and an upper cover 24, 26 ( Figures 1 and 5 ).
  • the vertical support structures 16, 18, being placed parallel and located facing each other on the support base 14.
  • a mold support mechanism 28 comprising two mold support arms 30, 32 placed opposite one another.
  • Each mold support arm 30, 32 containing double ends 30A, 30B, 30C, having a first pivot point 34, 36, at one first end for movement around a first vertical stationary shaft 38, 40, located in the vertical support structure 16, 18.
  • first vertical stationary shaft 38, 40 being placed between the intermediate support base 20, 22, and the top cover 24, 26.
  • the mold support arms 30, 32 include a second pivot point 42, 44 at an opposite point, for movement around a second vertical shaft 46, 48. And, a third pivot point 50, 52, for movement around a third pivot shaft 54, 56.
  • the first pivot point 34, 36; the second pivot point 42, 44; and the third pivot point 50, 52, of the mold support arms 30, 32 are located at the vertices of a triangular configuration of the arms 30, 32.
  • the support arms 30, 32 are placed in cantilever position, independent of one another, which allows the opening and closing of the arms 30, 32, with a curvilinear translation movement.
  • a synchronization beam 58, 60 mounted with each of the mold support arms 30, 32, through the second vertical shaft 46, 48.
  • the synchronization beam 58, 60 having a pivoting movement so that the synchronization beam can move with respect to the second vertical shaft 46, 48, generating an inward or outward movement; and, self-balancing or self-compensating mold holders including a first single mold holder 62, mounted by means of vertical shafts 63 on the synchronization beam 60.
  • the first single mold holder 62 holds several halves of a parison or blow mold 64 ( Figure 2 shows four cavities) by means of its retaining flanges 66; and, a dual mold holder 68, 70, mounted by means of vertical shafts 71 in the synchronization beam 58, in which four mold halves 72 are also mounted by means of their retention tabs 74, so that each of the mold halves 64, 72, are uniformly closed with a similar closing force.
  • the self-balancing or self-compensating mold holders have different arrangements depending on the number of cavities and can be single mold holders with dual mold holders; for example, for a triple cavity, an arrangement of a single mold holder facing one dual mold holder, so that the other single mold holder will be oriented against the dual mold holder.
  • Such mold-holders are self-balancing or self-compensating, to transmit the same closing force in all molds.
  • a connecting rod 76, 78 positioned above the support arms of molds 30, 32, and connected at one of its ends to the outside of the synchronization beam 58, 60, by means of a vertical shaft 80, 82, to transmit a pantographic movement to the synchronization beam 58, 60, for closing or opening the molds.
  • the opposite end of the connecting rod 76, 78 is coupled to the lower part of the upper cover 24, 26, by means of a holding bolt 84, 86, so that said connecting rod 76, 78, has a fixed pivot point on the upper cover 24, 26.
  • a double linkage system SED which allows, with a first movement, to lock and immobilize the opening closing mechanism 10, in the closed position of the support arms and mold halves, reducing the closing effort of the molds during the glass article forming step and, with a second movement, unlocking or releasing the double linkage mechanism SED for the opening of each of the support arms and mold halves 64, 72.
  • the double linkage system SED comprising:
  • a secondary link 104, 106 ( Figures 2 and 3 ) connecting articulately by a first end with the primary link 96, 98, and the articulated free link 88, 90, through the vertical shaft 100, 102, to have a pivoting movement to the left or to the right.
  • An interconnection crank 108, 110 said interconnection crank 108, 110 being coupled at the upper part of a shaft 112, 114, of a programmable motor 116, 118, to transmit a pivoting movement to the interconnection crank 108, 110, to the left or to the right.
  • the opposite end of said secondary link is 104, 106, being connected to the interconnection crank 108, 110, by means of a vertical shaft 111, 113 ( Figure 3 ).
  • the mold opening and closing mechanism 10 includes a pair of mold support arms 30, 32, which are placed facing each other, to move the mold halves 72, 64, between a closing position and an opening position.
  • the interconnection crank 108 As the mold support arm 30 is in the open position, shaft 112 is rotated at a predetermined rotation angle and the interconnection crank 108, which is in a horizontal position oriented at an angle of 180°, moves in a counter-clockwise direction to an angle of approximately 225°.
  • the movement of the interconnection crank 108 is such that the secondary link 104, located in an upward position, with an angle of approximately 90°, rotates in a clockwise direction to an angle of 45°, with the interconnection crank 108 and the secondary link 104 aligned with this movement when the mold support arm 30 and molds 72 are in their closed position.
  • the articulated free link 88 which is oriented downwards at an 315° angle approximately, (in the opening position of the mold support arm 30) rotates through its vertical stationary shaft 92, in the clockwise direction, until an angle of approximately 280 to 285°, at the time the mold support arm 30 remains in its closed position.
  • the mold support arm 30 rotates on the first vertical stationary shaft 38, at its first pivot point 34 and, also rotates at the second pivot point 42 at an opposite point, for moving around the second vertical shaft 46.
  • the movement of arm 30 in turn moves the synchronization beam 58 with a movement towards the closing and opening position of molds 72.
  • the connecting rod 76 whose fixed pivot point is located at the bottom of the upper cover 22, is moved with a pivoting movement to the left or right by means of the retaining bolt 84.
  • the coupling of the double linkage system SDE and the connecting rod 76 in the mold support arm 30 allows to move said mold support arm 30 with a semi-parallel movement between a closing and opening position of molds 72.
  • the motor 116, 118 is programmable, so that the motor shafts 112, 114, can transmit a movement to each of the mold support arms 30, 32, with variable accelerations and speeds, to perform the opening and closing movement of each one of the halves of each mold.
  • each arm Since the support arms (30, 32) move independently, each arm has its own programmable motor, so that, each arm is synchronized in its opening and closing, that is, a movement profile can be programmed to each of the support arms for opening and closing movement of each of the mold halves.
  • a support arm (30 or 32) can be moved, positioning it to a virtual or theoretical zero simulating a kind of wall or stop.
  • a first movement can be generated from a zero value, from an opening position of the support arms with variable speed and positive acceleration to a maximum point, to advance the support arms and molds into a closing position, in a position facing each other; generating a second movement from the maximum point with speed and negative acceleration until it stopping at a central line (L) of the mold closure matching the union of each mold half; and, once the glassware forming process has been completed in the molds, generating a third movement with variable speed and positive acceleration and negative acceleration for the opening of the molds and support arms until the opening position of the support arms is reached.
  • L central line
  • the mold opening and closing can be programmed by moving a first support arm, for example, the support arm 30, in a time T1 and a positioning force F1, (for example, a closing force of 2000 lbs. force), to a position of line of partition of molds, until it stops at the center or virtual line (L) coinciding with the joint of each mold half; moving the second support arm (32) with a time lag T n-1 , (for example with a time lag of one or two hundredths of a second) and a positioning force equal to or less than F2, until the central parting line of each half of each mold is reached.
  • This type of lag is feasible through the definition of a movement profile for each arm, with variables accelerations and speeds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Ein Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln vom Typ enthaltend mindestens eine Form, geteilt in zwei Hälften (64, 72), die sich öffnen und schließen, um Glasartikel zu formen, der Mechanismus zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen umfassend:
    eine Tragstruktur (12);
    ein Paar von Tragarmen (30, 32), jeweils unabhängig einander gegenüberliegend und getrennt parallel zueinander auf der Tragstruktur (12) angebracht, jeder Tragarm (30, 32) aufweisend ein erstes Ende (30C), das zur Bewegung um einen ersten Schwenkpunkt (34, 36) auf einer ersten stationären Achse (38, 40) angebracht ist, die auf der Tragstruktur (12) zum Rotieren des ersten Endes (30C) der Tragarme (30, 32) an einem Fixpunkt und des zweiten Endes (30B) zum Bewegen der Arme (30, 32) in eine Schließ- oder Öffnungsposition angebracht ist, das zweite Ende (30B) der Tragarme (30, 32) umfassend einen zweiten Schwenkpunkt (42, 44) zum Bewegen um eine zweite Schwenkachse (46, 48); und einen dritten Schwenkpunkt (50, 52) zum Bewegen um eine dritte Schwenkachse (54, 56);
    Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60), wobei die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zur Bewegung an dem zweiten Schwenkpunkt (42, 44) der Formtragarme (30, 32) angebracht sind, wobei die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zum Bewegen mit einer Einwärts- oder Auswärtsbewegung zum Öffnen und Schließen der Formen angebracht sind;
    Hebelmittel (76, 78) aufweisend ein erstes Ende, welches gelenkartig mit den Formsynchronisationsmitteln (58, 60) verbunden ist, um auf die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) eine Gelenkbewegung auszuüben; und ein zweites Ende, welches mit der Tragstruktur (12) verbunden ist, um an einem Fixpunkt zu schwenken, wobei die Hebelmittel (76, 78) und das Paar von Tragarmen (30, 32) eine Einwärts- oder Auswärtsgelenkbewegung auf die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zum Schließen oder Öffnen der Formen übertragen;
    Antriebsmittel (116, 118) verbunden mit der Tragstruktur (12), wobei jedes der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) eine Ausgangswelle (112, 114) aufweist, die Antriebsmittel (116, 118) bewirkend eine Rotationsbewegung jeder der Ausgangswellen (112, 114) mit einem vorbestimmten Drehwinkel nach links oder rechts; und
    Zwischenverbindungskopplungsmittel, die gelenkartig und getrennt mit jedem der Tragarme (30, 32) und mit der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) verbunden sind, wobei mittels einer ersten Drehbewegung der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) die Tragarme (30, 32), die Hebelmittel (76, 78) und die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zu einer Formschließposition bewegt werden und mittels einer zweiten Bewegung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung jedes von den Formtragarmen (30, 32), Hebelmitteln (76, 78), Synchronisationsmitteln (58, 60) und jede der Formhälften (64, 72) zu einer Öffnungsposition geöffnet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Zwischenverbindungskopplungsmittel umfassen:
    eine Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110), die an einem Ende mit dem oberen Teil der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) verbunden ist und die zusammen mit der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) des Antriebsmittels (116, 118) mit einem vorbestimmten Drehwinkel nach links oder rechts rotiert;
    ein erstes Verbindungsglied (88, 90) aufweisend ein erstes Ende, welches mit einer vertikalen stationären Achse (92, 94) verbunden ist, um an einem feststehenden Schwenkpunkt auf der Tragstruktur (12) zu rotieren; und ein zweites Ende, um frei zur rechten oder linken Seite zu rotieren;
    ein zweites Verbindungsglied (96, 98) aufweisend ein erstes Ende, welches über eine vertikale Achse mit dem dritten Schwenkpunkt (50, 52) der Tragarme (30, 32) verbunden ist, um frei auf der vertikalen Achse mit einer Schwenkbewegung zu der rechten oder linken Seite zu schwenken; und ein zweites Ende, welches verbunden ist, um frei zur rechten oder linken Seite zu rotieren; und
    ein drittes Verbindungsglied (104, 106) aufweisend ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende, wobei das erste Ende des dritten Verbindungsglieds (104, 106) gemeinsam und gelenkartig mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten Rotationsverbindungsglieds (88, 90) und dem zweiten Ende des zweiten Verbindungsglieds (96, 98) verbunden ist, um eine Schwenkbewegung nach links oder nach rechts auszuführen, und wobei das zweite Ende des dritten Verbindungsglieds mit der Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110) verbunden ist, wobei die Antriebsmittel (116, 118) eine Drehbewegung der Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110) bewirken, um eine Schließ- oder Öffnungsbewegung der Formtragarme (30, 32), Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) und Hebelmittel (76, 78) zum Öffnen und Schließen jeder der Tragarme (30, 32) und jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) der Formen zu bewirken.
  2. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei die Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) umfassen: selbstabgleichende Mittel, die an das Vorderteil der Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) gekoppelt sind, um jede der Formhälften (64, 72) der Formen zu halten und jeder der Formen dieselbe Schließkraft zu verleihen.
  3. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei das Antriebsmittel ein programmierbarer Motor (116, 118) ist.
  4. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei die Tragarme (30, 32) in einer freischwebenden Position angeordnet sind, ermöglichend das Öffnen und Schließen der Arme (30, 32) mit einer kurvenförmigen Translationsbewegung.
  5. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei die Zwischenverbindungskopplungsmittel doppelverbunden sind, was in der Formschließposition ein Arretieren und Immobilisieren des Öffnungs- und Schließmechanismus der Formen mit Doppelverbindung ermöglicht, reduzierend den Schließaufwand der Formen, und mit einer zweiten Bewegung der Formöffnungs- und Formschließmechanismus für das Öffnen von jedem der Tragarme (30, 32) und Formhälften (64, 72) entriegelt oder freigegeben wird.
  6. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei die Öffnungs- und Schließbewegung von jedem der Tragarme (30, 32) und Formhälften (64, 72) gemäß eines vorbestimmten Bewegungs- und Auslenkungsprofils programmierbar ist.
  7. Der Mechanismus (10) zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln wie in Anspruch 1 beansprucht, wobei das Hebelmittel eine Verbindungsstange (76, 78) ist.
  8. Ein Verfahren zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen für eine Maschine zum Formen von Glasartikeln vom Typ enthaltend mindestens eine Form, getrennt in zwei Hälften (64, 72), die sich öffnen und schließen, um Glasartikel zu formen, das Verfahren umfassend die Schritte des:
    Bereitstellens einer Tragstruktur (12);
    Bereitstellens eines Paars von Tragarmen (30, 32), jeweils getrennt zueinander weisend und im Abstand voneinander parallel auf der Tragstruktur (12) angebracht, jeder Tragarm (30, 32) aufweisend ein erstes Ende (30C), das zur Bewegung um einen ersten Schwenkpunkt (34, 36) auf einer ersten stationären Achse (38, 40) angebracht ist, die auf der Tragstruktur (12) an einem Fixpunkt angebracht ist, um das erste Ende (30C) der Tragarme (30, 32) und das zweite Ende (30B) zu rotieren, um die Arme (30, 32) hin zu einer Schließ- oder Öffnungsposition zu bewegen, das zweite Ende (30B) der Tragarme (30, 32) umfassend einen zweiten Schwenkpunkt (42, 44) zur Bewegung um die zweite Schwenkachse (46, 48); und einen dritten Schwenkpunkt (50, 52) zur Bewegung um eine dritte Schwenkachse (54, 56);
    Bereitstellens von Formsynchronisationsmitteln (58, 60), wobei die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zur Bewegung an dem zweiten Schwenkpunkt (42, 44) der Formtragarme (30, 32) angebracht sind, wobei die Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) zum Bewegen mit einer Einwärts- oder Auswärtsbewegung zum Öffnen oder Schließen der Formen angebracht sind;
    Bereitstellens von Hebelmitteln (76, 78), wobei die Hebelmittel (76, 78) ein erstes Ende aufweisen, welches gelenkartig mit den Synchronisationsmitteln (58, 60) über eine vierte Schwenkachse verbunden ist, um auf die Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) eine Gelenkbewegung auszuüben; und ein zweites Ende, welches mit der Tragstruktur (12) an einem fünften Schwenkpunkt verbunden ist, an einem Fixpunkt, wobei die Hebelmittel (76, 78) und das Paar von Tragarmen (30, 32) eine Einwärts- oder Auswärtsgelenkbewegung auf die Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) für das Schließen oder Öffnen der Formen übertragen;
    Bereitstellens von Antriebsmitteln (116, 118), die mit der Tragstruktur (12) verbunden sind, wobei jedes der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) eine Ausgangswelle (112, 114) aufweist, wobei die Antriebsmittel (116, 118) eine Rotationsbewegung jeder der Ausgangswellen (112, 114) mit einem vorbestimmten Drehwinkel nach links oder rechts bewirken; und
    Bereitstellens von Zwischenverbindungskopplungsmitteln, die gelenkartig und unabhängig mit jedem Tragarm (30, 32) und der Ausgangswelle der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) verbunden sind, wobei mittels einer ersten Drehbewegung der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) die Tragarme (30, 32) und die Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) in eine Formschließposition bewegt werden und sich mittels einer zweiten Bewegung in die entgegengesetzte Richtung jedes von den Formtragarmen (30, 32), Synchronisationsmitteln (58, 60) und jede der Formhälften (64, 72) öffnen,
    wobei die Zwischenverbindungskopplungsmittel umfassen:
    eine Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110), die an einem Ende mit dem oberen Teil der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) verbunden ist und die zusammen mit der Ausgangswelle (112, 114) der Antriebsmittel (116, 118) mit einem vorbestimmten Drehwinkel nach links oder rechts rotiert;
    ein erstes Verbindungsglied (88, 90) aufweisend ein erstes Ende, welches mit einer vertikalen stationären Achse (92, 94) verbunden ist, um an einem feststehenden Schwenkpunkt auf der Tragstruktur (12) zu rotieren; und ein zweites Ende, um frei zur rechten oder linken Seite zu rotieren;
    ein zweites Verbindungsglied (96, 98) aufweisend ein erstes Ende, welches über eine vertikale Achse mit dem dritten Schwenkpunkt (50, 52) der Tragarme (30, 32) verbunden ist, um frei auf der vertikalen Achse mit einer Schwenkbewegung zur rechten oder linken Seite zu schwenken; und ein zweites Ende, welches verbunden ist, um frei zur rechten oder linken Seite zu rotieren; und
    ein drittes Verbindungsglied (104, 106) aufweisend ein erstes Ende und ein zweites Ende, wobei das erste Ende des dritten Verbindungsglieds (104, 106) gemeinsam und gelenkartig mit dem zweiten Ende des ersten Rotationsverbindungsglieds (88, 90) und dem zweiten Ende des zweiten Verbindungsglieds (96, 98) verbunden ist, um eine Schwenkbewegung nach links oder nach rechts zu ermöglichen, und wobei das zweite Ende des dritten Verbindungsglieds (104, 106) mit der Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110) verbunden ist, wobei die Antriebsmittel (116, 118) eine Drehbewegung der Zwischenverbindungskurbel (108, 110) bewirken, um eine Schließ- oder Öffnungsbewegung der Formtragarme (30, 32), Formsynchronisationsmittel (58, 60) und Hebelmittel (76, 78) zum Öffnen oder Schließen jedes der Tragarme (30, 32) und jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) der Formen zu bewirken;
    Erzeugens einer unabhängigen Drehbewegung jeder der Ausgangswellen (112, 114) durch die Antriebsmittel (116, 118), um eine Schließbewegung der Tragarme (30, 32) und Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) auszuführen und den Formöffnungs- und Formschließmechanismus (10) mit Doppelverbindung in der Schließposition der Tragarme (30, 32) und Formhälften (64, 72) zu arretieren und fixieren;
    Ausführens eines Glasartikelformprozesses in jeder der Formen; und
    Erzeugens, nachdem der Glasartikelformprozess beendet ist, einer zweiten unabhängigen Drehbewegung jeder der Wellen (112, 114), wobei die zweite Drehbewegung in der zur ersten Drehbewegungsrichtung entgegengesetzten Richtung erfolgt, um den Formtragmechanismus (10) zu entriegeln und eine Öffnungsbewegung der Tragarme (30, 32), der Synchronisationsmittel (58, 60) und jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) auszuführen.
  9. Das Verfahren zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen wie in Anspruch 8 beansprucht, wobei die Bewegung der Tragarme (30, 32) die Schritte des Erzeugens eines unabhängigen Bewegungsprofils für jeden der Tragarme (30, 32) für das Öffnen und Schließen jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) umfasst.
  10. Das Verfahren zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen wie in Anspruch 9 beansprucht, wobei das Bewegungsprofil der Tragarme (30, 32) die Stufen des:
    Erzeugens einer ersten Bewegung von einem Nullwert von einer Öffnungsposition der Tragarme (30, 32) mit variabler Geschwindigkeit und positiver Beschleunigung bis ein Maximalpunkt erreicht ist, um die Tragarme (30, 32) und Formen in eine Schließposition in einer einander gegenüberliegenden Position zu bewegen;
    Erzeugens einer zweiten Bewegung von dem Maximalpunkt mit variabler Geschwindigkeit und negativer Beschleunigung bis zum Anhalten mit einem Nullwert in einer zentralen Formschlussachse, die mit dem Vereinigen jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) übereinstimmt; und
    Erzeugens einer dritten Bewegung mit variabler Geschwindigkeit und positiver und negativer Beschleunigung zum Öffnen der Form und Tragarme (30, 32) bis eine Öffnungsposition der Tragarme (30, 32) erreicht wird,
    umfasst.
  11. Das Verfahren zum Öffnen und Schließen von Formen wie in Anspruch 10 beansprucht, umfassend die Schritte des:
    Bewegens eines ersten Tragarms (30, 32) mit einer Zeit T1 und einer Positionierungskraft F1 hin zu einer Formtrennlinienposition bis zum Anhalten an einer zentralen Linie, die mit dem Vereinigen jeder der Formhälften (64, 72) übereinstimmt;
    Bewegens eines zweiten Tragarms (30, 32) mit einem Zeitversatz Tn-1 und einer Positionierungskraft gleich oder kleiner als F2 bis die Position der zentralen Trennlinie jeder der Hälften (64, 72) von jeder Form erreicht ist;
    Arretierens der Tragarme (30, 32) in der Schließposition der Tragarme (30, 32) und Formhälften (64, 72), um die Schließkraft der Formen während des Formens des Artikels zu verringern; und
    gleichzeitigen Öffnens der Tragarme (30, 32) und Formhälften (64, 72), um Defekte in dem Glasartikel durch Vakuum- oder Kapillarkräfte zu vermeiden.
EP16893711.8A 2016-03-10 2016-03-10 Verfahren und mechanismus zum öffnen und schliessen von formen für eine maschine zum formen von glasartikeln Active EP3428131B1 (de)

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HRP20210386TT HRP20210386T1 (hr) 2016-03-10 2016-03-10 Postupak i mehanizam otvaranja i zatvaranja kalupa za mašinu za oblikovanje staklenih predmeta

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SG11201807057UA (en) 2018-09-27
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UA122518C2 (uk) 2020-11-25
ES2856954T3 (es) 2021-09-28
CA3016854C (en) 2022-03-01
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CN108713004A (zh) 2018-10-26

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