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EP3290289A1 - Railway vehicle comprising a supervision system and method of using such a supervision system - Google Patents

Railway vehicle comprising a supervision system and method of using such a supervision system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3290289A1
EP3290289A1 EP17188361.4A EP17188361A EP3290289A1 EP 3290289 A1 EP3290289 A1 EP 3290289A1 EP 17188361 A EP17188361 A EP 17188361A EP 3290289 A1 EP3290289 A1 EP 3290289A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
maintenance
railway vehicle
data
diagnostic unit
central computer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17188361.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3290289B1 (en
Inventor
Yvan CANTONE
Jean PROTCHE
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport Technologies SAS filed Critical Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Priority to PL17188361T priority Critical patent/PL3290289T3/en
Publication of EP3290289A1 publication Critical patent/EP3290289A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3290289B1 publication Critical patent/EP3290289B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
    • B61L15/0081—On-board diagnosis or maintenance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/50—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades
    • B61L27/57—Trackside diagnosis or maintenance, e.g. software upgrades for vehicles or trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a railway vehicle comprising a supervision system.
  • the invention also relates to a method of using such a supervision system.
  • Rail vehicles are known, such as passenger trains, which are equipped with a supervision system, adapted to supervise the operation of the railway vehicle, in particular with a view to facilitating maintenance.
  • various equipment of the railway vehicle is provided with sensors, which are able to measure a state of operation of this equipment and to transmit data relating to this operating state to a central computer of the rail vehicle supervision system.
  • a supervision system is often referred to by the acronym TCMS, for "Train Control and Monitoring System” in English.
  • This central computer generally incorporates a diagnostic module, which is configured to process the information provided by the sensors associated with the equipment of the railway vehicle, in order to perform diagnostics on the operation of this equipment.
  • a diagnostic module which is configured to process the information provided by the sensors associated with the equipment of the railway vehicle, in order to perform diagnostics on the operation of this equipment.
  • any modification of the railway vehicle such as the modification of a rail vehicle equipment, or the addition of additional sensors associated with other equipment that was not originally planned, requires a modification of the system. supervision.
  • a modification of the supervision system typically requires reprogramming of the central computer and / or the communication system between the central computer and the sensors so that the diagnostic module can continue to operate.
  • the invention intends to remedy more particularly, by proposing a system for supervising a railway vehicle which has a more great flexibility of use and management throughout the life of the train is facilitated.
  • the supervisory system further comprises a network switch and a diagnostic unit separate from the central computer, while the network switch is adapted to collect the maintenance data transmitted by the maintenance sensors and to send these maintenance data to the mainframe. of the diagnostic unit, and the diagnostic unit is programmed to automatically process the maintenance data received, according to pre-established treatment rules, so as to establish a diagnosis on at least one of the railway vehicle equipment.
  • the supervision system further comprises an additional maintenance sensor, associated with a railway vehicle equipment and connected to the diagnostic unit for transmitting maintenance data to this diagnostic unit without passing through the central computer.
  • the diagnostic functions are implemented in the diagnostic unit, which is here separate from the central computer, the maintenance of the supervision system is facilitated.
  • the maintenance of the supervision system is decorrelated from that of the central computer and therefore of the railway vehicle. This is important, since the various equipment of the railway vehicle has a life cycle which evolves differently, in particular, the system of supervision.
  • the use of the supervision system is thus more flexible and adapts more simply to the needs of a railway vehicle operator. The maintenance of the railway vehicle is then facilitated.
  • the figure 1 represents a railway vehicle 1, for example a passenger train or an urban transport vehicle, such as a tramway.
  • the rail vehicle 1 is adapted to run on railway rails 2 by means of wheels being propelled by means of a motor, not shown.
  • the railway vehicle 1 comprises a plurality of equipment 10, 11, 12, for example mechanical, hydraulic or electric, necessary to ensure proper operation of the railway vehicle 1.
  • Such equipment 10, 11, 12 are intended to be monitored over time in their operating state, in particular to establish diagnostics for carrying out preventive and / or curative maintenance operations of these equipment. .
  • the equipment 10, 11 and 12 may correspond to all or part of the elements forming a traction chain, a braking system, a passenger information system or a heating system and / or air conditioner.
  • the railway vehicle 1 comprises maintenance sensors, not shown, associated with said equipment 10, 11, 12 of the railway vehicle 1.
  • Each of these sensors is configured to measure an operating state of the equipment with which it is associated , and to generate data representative of this operating state.
  • each maintenance sensor is associated with a single equipment 10, 11, 12.
  • the same equipment can be associated with several different maintenance sensors.
  • these sensors can measure the same physical quantity at different points of an equipment, or even measure different physical quantities relating to the same equipment.
  • the data generated by the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are here called maintenance data and are specifically intended to be processed to establish a diagnostic relating to the operating status of the equipment to which the sensor is associated.
  • the data is encoded in digital form, for example in the form of a data frame according to a predetermined communication protocol.
  • the maintenance data are digital values of a physical quantity representative of an operating state of the equipment associated with the sensor from which they emanate. These maintenance data are here called variables and carry the reference V. These maintenance data vary according to the time and / or during the lifetime of the associated equipment.
  • the railway vehicle 1 also comprises a supervision system 20 to which the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are connected and the role of which is described below.
  • the supervision system 20 is able to communicate with a maintenance server 3 remote and outside the railway vehicle 1.
  • the railway vehicle 1 also comprises a data bus 30 common to the entire railway vehicle 1.
  • the maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are connected to the supervision system 20 by means of the data bus 30.
  • the data bus 30 is also used to connect other elements of the railway vehicle 1 separate from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 and / or the supervision system 20.
  • each maintenance data V is associated with a digital identifier, which makes it possible to ensure the routing of this maintenance data item within the communication bus 30.
  • this identifier makes it possible to indicate that this datum is intended to be processed by a diagnostic unit of the supervision system 20. For example, for each maintenance data, this identifier is recorded in the header of a frame containing this maintenance data V. This identifier advantageously also indicates which Maintenance sensor comes from this maintenance data.
  • the data bus 30 is a wired field bus.
  • this is a fieldbus of CIP technology, for "Common Industrial Protocol” in English, conforming to the specifications of the "ODVA, Inc.” consortium.
  • one of the equipment 10, 11, 12 of the railway vehicle 1 associated with a maintenance sensor is an automatic door of the railway vehicle 1.
  • Such an automatic door is placed in an opening on a wall of a car or a box of the railway vehicle 1 to manage the access of passengers in the railway vehicle 1.
  • This automatic door is provided with a motorized opening / closing mechanism. This mechanism deteriorates over time, for example because of repeated or excessive requests from passengers of the rail vehicle 1.
  • An indicator of the operating state of this mechanism is the so-called opening time, that is to say the time required for this mechanism to switch the automatic gate between open and closed states.
  • opening time that is to say the time required for this mechanism to switch the automatic gate between open and closed states.
  • an opening time that is greater than a predetermined threshold is indicative of wear or malfunction, requiring maintenance.
  • a maintenance sensor is associated with this automatic door and is programmed to measure the opening time of this door each time such an opening is triggered, then to generate a maintenance data containing information representative of this time. opening, for example at each solicitation of the automatic door.
  • the maintenance data, or variable V corresponds to the speed of opening of the door for a given moment. This maintenance data is transmitted on the bus 30 to the supervision system 20.
  • the supervision system 20 here comprises a central computer 21, a network switch 22, a maintenance module 23 and a data communication interface 24.
  • the maintenance module 23 comprises a data sending unit 231 and a diagnostic unit 232, each comprising a programmable computing unit.
  • the data sending unit 231 is connected to the communication interface 24 for transmitting information to the maintenance server 3.
  • the communication interface 24 comprises a radio antenna for establishing a wireless data link with the maintenance server 3.
  • a wireless data link is for example WiFi type or GSM or LTE type.
  • it may be a near field data link of the NFC type or inductively coupled.
  • the network switch 22 is connected to the diagnostic unit 232, by means of a data link, here Ethernet type.
  • the network switch 22 is here an element of the data bus 30 and makes it possible to receive the data coming from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.
  • the network switch 22 is separate from the central computer 21.
  • the network switch 22 is here connected to the maintenance sensors of the equipment 10, 11 and 12 independently of the central computer 21.
  • the data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 can be transmitted to the network switch 22 without passing through the central computer 21. This is due to the fact that the central computer 21 and the network switch 22 are each connected to the data bus 30 independently of one another.
  • the central computer 21 is connected to the communication interface 24 as well as to the data bus 30.
  • the central computer 21 is configured to receive data from the rail vehicle 1 via the data bus 30, including maintenance data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12, as well as to analyze the behavior of the rail vehicle. 1 based on these received data.
  • the central computer 21 is also programmed to analyze the behavior of the railway vehicle as a function of other data received from the data bus 30 than that emanating from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.
  • the central computer 21 comprises a programmable electronic calculator 210, such as a microprocessor, as well as an information recording medium, such as an internal memory, able to store executable instructions for the operation of the computer. central computer 21.
  • a programmable electronic calculator 210 such as a microprocessor
  • an information recording medium such as an internal memory
  • the central computer 21 is also programmed to generate event reports intended to be sent to the maintenance server 3, for example by means of the interface 24.
  • the event reports include E (X) events, or alerts, which indicate a malfunction of the railway vehicle 1 requiring attention from a railway vehicle operator 1.
  • Each event E (X) is for example associated with a railway vehicle equipment 1 and a predefined error code, for example recorded as a digital signal.
  • the data sending unit 231 is here adapted to send E (X) event reports and / or V variables to the maintenance server 3.
  • the data sending unit 231 is, for example able to generate event reports from data received and / or transmitted by the diagnostic unit 232 and to send the event reports to the maintenance server 3.
  • the network switch 22 is configured to collect the maintenance data flowing on the data bus 30 and received by the system 20.
  • the network switch 22 selects this maintenance data on the basis of the identifier associated with each of the maintenance data.
  • the network switch 22 is an Ethernet switch.
  • the network switch 22 is further programmed to send these maintenance data to the diagnostic unit 232.
  • the network switch 22 can be programmed to send to the diagnostic unit 232 all the data circulating on the bus. 30.
  • the diagnostic unit 232 is programmed to automatically process the maintenance data received from the network switch 22, in order to establish a diagnosis on the equipment or the equipment of the railway vehicle associated with the data emanating respectively from the equipment maintenance sensor or sensors. 10, 11 and 12 corresponding. This treatment is performed here according to pre-established rules of treatment R (X).
  • one or more appropriate R (X) processing rules are automatically selected by the diagnostic unit 232 depending on the nature of the equipment with which the maintenance sensor from which this data item is derived is associated. maintenance.
  • the diagnostic unit 232 is provided with a programmable electronic computer and an information recording medium, the latter containing pre-established processing rules.
  • the processing rules R (X) associated with this variable make it possible to compare the value of the opening time with a predefined threshold. If this opening time is determined to exceed the predefined threshold, then the door is considered to open too slowly. On the contrary, if the value is below the predefined threshold, the door is considered to open at an acceptable speed.
  • thresholds can be defined. For example, if the opening time is between the first and second predefined thresholds, then the door is considered to open too slowly but does not require immediate intervention. If the value is greater than the second predefined threshold, the door is considered to open too slowly and requires intervention. Finally, if the opening time is less than the first predefined threshold, then the door is considered as not presenting a problem and opening at a normal speed.
  • the diagnostic unit 232 is here also programmed to send the established diagnosis to the maintenance server 3 by means of the interface 24.
  • the supervision system 20 can evolve according to the needs of a railway vehicle operator 1 throughout the lifetime of the railway vehicle 1.
  • a rail vehicle 1 has a life of several decades. It is thus common that, during the life of this railway vehicle 1, equipment installed from the beginning, such as the data bus 30 exhibit a technological obsolescence which makes their connection to more recent elements, such as additional maintenance sensors, particularly difficult and expensive, or even impossible in some cases without having to completely change the data bus 30. Thanks to the invention, by dissociating the diagnostic unit 232 from the central computer 21, provides greater flexibility in the use of the supervisory system 20. It therefore facilitates the maintenance of the railway vehicle 1.
  • the supervision system 20 further comprises a user interface 25 adapted to acquire additional processing rules R (X) provided by a user.
  • the diagnostic unit 232 is thus configured to establish the diagnosis according to the processing rules acquired by means of this user interface 25.
  • a train operator can customize the operation of the diagnostic unit 232, for example to program a treatment that was not originally planned during the installation of the supervision system 20.
  • these processing rules are acquired by the user interface 25 from the remote maintenance server 3.
  • the user interface 25 is connected to an on-board computer of the railway vehicle such that these processing rules are provided by an operator of the rail vehicle from this on-board computer.
  • the railway vehicle comprises at least one additional maintenance sensor 40, associated with a railway vehicle equipment.
  • This additional maintenance sensor is separate from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.
  • This maintenance sensor 40 is connected to the diagnostic unit 232 to transmit to this diagnostic unit 232 maintenance data from the maintenance sensor. additional without passing through the central computer 21.
  • the additional sensor 40 is not connected to the data bus 30.
  • maintenance data are sent by the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 to the data bus 30 to the central computer 21 of the supervision system 20.
  • the network switch 22 collects the data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.
  • the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 automatically send, over time, the maintenance data to the system 20 via the network switch 22.
  • the collection of these data maintenance is performed at the initiative of the system 20, which automatically interrogates the maintenance sensors of the equipment 10, 11 and 12, at times predefined in time, for example by sending a request for this purpose.
  • the central computer 21 generates, for example, an event report according to the maintenance data received.
  • the network switch 22 automatically collects the received maintenance data V and automatically transmits it to the diagnostic unit 232 via data links.
  • the diagnostic unit 232 automatically processes the maintenance data received from the network switch 22.
  • This processing is performed automatically according to pre-established processing rules R (X).
  • this processing is carried out, in whole or in part, as a function of additional processing rules that have previously been provided to the supervision system 20 via the user interface 25.
  • the diagnosis established by the diagnostic unit 232 is automatically sent to the maintenance server 3, by means of the communication interface 24.
  • the sending unit of data 231 generates event reports from data received and / or transmitted by the diagnostic unit 232 and transmits the event reports to the maintenance server 3 via the communication interface 24.
  • the data sending unit 231 retrieves the maintenance data V received by the diagnostic unit 232 and transmits it to the maintenance server 3 via the communication interface 24.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)

Abstract

Ce véhicule ferroviaire comporte : - une pluralité de capteurs de maintenance (10, 11, 12) chacun associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire ; - un système de supervision (20) du véhicule ferroviaire, comportant un ordinateur central (21), un commutateur (23) réseau et une unité de diagnostic (232) distincte de l'ordinateur central (21). Le commutateur réseau (23) est adapté pour collecter des données de maintenance reçues par l'ordinateur central (21) depuis les capteurs de maintenance et pour envoyer ces données de maintenance à destination de l'unité de diagnostic (232), et l'unité de diagnostic (232) est programmée pour traiter automatiquement ces données de maintenance en fonction de règles de traitement (R(X)) préétablies de façon à établir un diagnostic sur au moins un des équipements du véhicule ferroviaire.This railway vehicle comprises: a plurality of maintenance sensors (10, 11, 12) each associated with an equipment of the railway vehicle; a supervisory system (20) for the railway vehicle, comprising a central computer (21), a network switch (23) and a diagnostic unit (232) separate from the central computer (21). The network switch (23) is adapted to collect maintenance data received by the central computer (21) from the maintenance sensors and to send the maintenance data to the diagnostic unit (232), and the diagnostic unit (232) is programmed to automatically process these maintenance data according to pre-established processing rules (R (X)) so as to establish a diagnosis on at least one of the railway vehicle equipment.

Description

L'invention concerne un véhicule ferroviaire comportant un système de supervision. L'invention concerne également un procédé d'utilisation d'un tel système de supervision.The invention relates to a railway vehicle comprising a supervision system. The invention also relates to a method of using such a supervision system.

On connaît des véhicules ferroviaires, tels que des trains de passagers, qui sont équipés d'un système de supervision, adapté pour superviser le fonctionnement du véhicule ferroviaire notamment en vue d'en faciliter la maintenance.Rail vehicles are known, such as passenger trains, which are equipped with a supervision system, adapted to supervise the operation of the railway vehicle, in particular with a view to facilitating maintenance.

Dans un tel véhicule ferroviaire, différents équipements du véhicule ferroviaire sont munis de capteurs, qui sont aptes à mesurer un état de fonctionnement de cet équipement et de transmettre des données relatives à cet état de fonctionnement vers un ordinateur central du système de supervision du véhicule ferroviaire. Un tel système de supervision est souvent désigné sous l'acronyme TCMS, pour « Train Control and Monitoring System » en langue anglaise.In such a railway vehicle, various equipment of the railway vehicle is provided with sensors, which are able to measure a state of operation of this equipment and to transmit data relating to this operating state to a central computer of the rail vehicle supervision system. . Such a supervision system is often referred to by the acronym TCMS, for "Train Control and Monitoring System" in English.

Cet ordinateur central incorpore généralement un module de diagnostic, qui est configuré pour traiter les informations fournies par les capteurs associées aux équipements du véhicule ferroviaire, en vue de réaliser des diagnostics sur le fonctionnement de ces équipements. Ce système permet de disposer d'informations sur des défaillances des équipements du véhicule ferroviaire et de faciliter la maintenance du véhicule ferroviaire.This central computer generally incorporates a diagnostic module, which is configured to process the information provided by the sensors associated with the equipment of the railway vehicle, in order to perform diagnostics on the operation of this equipment. This system makes it possible to obtain information on failures of railway vehicle equipment and to facilitate the maintenance of the rail vehicle.

Cette solution ne donne cependant pas entière satisfaction.This solution does not give complete satisfaction.

En particulier, toute modification du véhicule ferroviaire, comme la modification d'un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire, ou encore l'ajout de capteurs supplémentaires associés à d'autres équipements qui n'étaient pas prévus à l'origine, requiert une modification du système de supervision. Une telle modification du système de supervision nécessite typiquement une reprogrammation de l'ordinateur central et/ou du système de communication entre l'ordinateur central et les capteurs pour que le module de diagnostic puisse continuer à fonctionner.In particular, any modification of the railway vehicle, such as the modification of a rail vehicle equipment, or the addition of additional sensors associated with other equipment that was not originally planned, requires a modification of the system. supervision. Such a modification of the supervision system typically requires reprogramming of the central computer and / or the communication system between the central computer and the sensors so that the diagnostic module can continue to operate.

De telles opérations sont complexes et coûteuses à mettre en oeuvre, et ne sont pas toujours réalisables par un exploitant du véhicule ferroviaire. La maintenance du véhicule ferroviaire s'en trouve compliquée.Such operations are complex and expensive to implement, and are not always feasible by a rail vehicle operator. The maintenance of the railway vehicle is complicated.

C'est à ces inconvénients qu'entend plus particulièrement remédier l'invention, en proposant un système de supervision d'un véhicule ferroviaire qui présente une plus grande flexibilité d'utilisation et dont la gestion tout au long de la durée de vie du train soit facilitée.It is these drawbacks that the invention intends to remedy more particularly, by proposing a system for supervising a railway vehicle which has a more great flexibility of use and management throughout the life of the train is facilitated.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un véhicule ferroviaire, comportant :

  • une pluralité de capteurs de maintenance chacun associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire et étant adapté pour émettre des données de maintenance relatives au fonctionnement de l'équipement auquel il est associé ;
  • un système de supervision du véhicule ferroviaire, comportant un ordinateur central ;
  • un bus de données commun qui raccorde les capteurs de maintenance à l'ordinateur central pour transmettre automatiquement les données de maintenance depuis les capteurs de maintenance vers l'ordinateur central ;
For this purpose, the invention relates to a railway vehicle, comprising:
  • a plurality of maintenance sensors each associated with a railway vehicle equipment and being adapted to issue maintenance data relating to the operation of the equipment with which it is associated;
  • a rail vehicle supervision system, comprising a central computer;
  • a common data bus which connects the maintenance sensors to the central computer to automatically transmit the maintenance data from the maintenance sensors to the central computer;

Le système de supervision comporte en outre un commutateur réseau et une unité de diagnostic distincte de l'ordinateur central, tandis que le commutateur réseau est adapté pour collecter les données de maintenance émises par les capteurs de maintenance et pour envoyer ces données de maintenance à destination de l'unité de diagnostic, et l'unité de diagnostic est programmée pour traiter automatiquement les données de maintenance reçues, en fonction de règles de traitement préétablies, de façon à établir un diagnostic sur au moins un des équipements du véhicule ferroviaire. Le système de supervision comporte en outre un capteur de maintenance additionnel, associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire et connecté à l'unité de diagnostic pour transmettre à cette unité de diagnostic des données de maintenance sans passer par l'ordinateur central.The supervisory system further comprises a network switch and a diagnostic unit separate from the central computer, while the network switch is adapted to collect the maintenance data transmitted by the maintenance sensors and to send these maintenance data to the mainframe. of the diagnostic unit, and the diagnostic unit is programmed to automatically process the maintenance data received, according to pre-established treatment rules, so as to establish a diagnosis on at least one of the railway vehicle equipment. The supervision system further comprises an additional maintenance sensor, associated with a railway vehicle equipment and connected to the diagnostic unit for transmitting maintenance data to this diagnostic unit without passing through the central computer.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, l'invention peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques techniques suivantes, prises selon toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • Le commutateur réseau est programmé pour collecter les données de maintenance, en fonction d'identifiants associés à ces données de maintenance.
  • Le véhicule ferroviaire comporte en outre un capteur de maintenance additionnel, associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire et connecté à l'unité de diagnostic pour transmettre à cette unité de diagnostic des données de maintenance sans passer par l'ordinateur central.
  • Le système de supervision comporte une interface de communication de données configurée pour transmettre, à destination d'un serveur de maintenance distant, une information représentative du diagnostic établi par l'unité de diagnostic en fonction des données de maintenance reçues.
  • Le système de supervision comporte une interface utilisateur adaptée pour acquérir des règles de traitement fournies par un utilisateur et l'unité de diagnostic est en outre configurée pour établir le diagnostic en fonction des règles de traitement acquises.
  • Le bus de données commun est un bus de terrain.
  • Le commutateur réseau est raccordé à l'unité de diagnostic au moyen d'une liaison de données de type Ethernet.
  • L'ordinateur central est programmé pour générer automatiquement des rapports d'évènements en fonction des données reçues depuis les capteurs de maintenance et pour transmettre automatiquement les rapports d'évènements générés à destination d'un serveur de maintenance distant.
  • Le commutateur réseau est distinct de l'ordinateur central et le commutateur réseau est connecté aux capteurs de maintenance indépendamment de l'ordinateur central.
According to advantageous but non-obligatory aspects of the invention, the invention may incorporate one or more of the following technical characteristics, taken in any technically permissible combination:
  • The network switch is programmed to collect maintenance data, based on identifiers associated with this maintenance data.
  • The railway vehicle further comprises an additional maintenance sensor, associated with a railway vehicle equipment and connected to the diagnostic unit for transmitting maintenance data to this diagnostic unit without passing through the central computer.
  • The supervision system comprises a data communication interface configured to transmit, to a remote maintenance server, information representative of the diagnosis established by the diagnostic unit according to the maintenance data received.
  • The supervision system includes a user interface adapted to acquire processing rules provided by a user and the diagnostic unit is further configured to establish the diagnosis according to the acquired treatment rules.
  • The common data bus is a field bus.
  • The network switch is connected to the diagnostic unit by means of an Ethernet data link.
  • The central computer is programmed to automatically generate event reports based on the data received from the maintenance sensors and to automatically transmit the generated event reports to a remote maintenance server.
  • The network switch is separate from the host computer and the network switch is connected to the service sensors independently of the host computer.

Selon un autre aspect, l'invention concerne également un procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de supervision d'un véhicule ferroviaire, comportant des étapes :

  1. a) d'émission de données de maintenance, par des capteurs de maintenance associés à des équipements du véhicule ferroviaire, les données de maintenance étant acheminées depuis les capteurs de maintenance vers le système de supervision au moyen d'un bus de données commun du véhicule ferroviaire ;
  2. b) de collecte, par un commutateur réseau du système de supervision, des données de maintenance émises, et d'envoi de ces données de maintenance à destination d'une unité de diagnostic du système de supervision, l'unité de diagnostic étant distincte de l'ordinateur central ;
  3. c) de transmission, par un capteur de maintenance additionnel associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire, de données de maintenance vers l'unité de diagnostic sans passer par l'ordinateur central ;
  4. d) de traitement, par l'unité de diagnostic, des données de maintenance reçues, en fonction de règles de traitement préétablies.
According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a method of operating a rail vehicle supervision system, comprising steps:
  1. a) transmission of maintenance data by maintenance sensors associated with railway vehicle equipment, the maintenance data being conveyed from the maintenance sensors to the supervision system by means of a common data bus of the vehicle rail;
  2. b) the collection, by a network switch of the supervision system, of the issued maintenance data, and sending of these maintenance data to a diagnostic unit of the supervision system, the diagnostic unit being distinct from the central computer;
  3. c) transmission, by an additional maintenance sensor associated with a railway vehicle equipment, maintenance data to the diagnostic unit without passing through the central computer;
  4. d) processing, by the diagnostic unit, maintenance data received, according to pre-established treatment rules.

Grâce à l'invention, du fait que les fonctions de diagnostic sont implémentées dans l'unité de diagnostic, qui est ici distincte de l'ordinateur central, la maintenance du système de supervision s'en trouve facilitée. En effet, la maintenance du système de supervision est décorrelée de celle de l'ordinateur central et donc du véhicule ferroviaire. Ceci est important, dans la mesure où les différents équipements du véhicule ferroviaire présentent un cycle de vie qui évolue différemment, notamment, du système de supervision. L'utilisation du système de supervision est ainsi plus flexible et s'adapte plus simplement aux besoins d'un exploitant du véhicule ferroviaire. La maintenance du véhicule ferroviaire s'en trouve alors facilitée.Thanks to the invention, because the diagnostic functions are implemented in the diagnostic unit, which is here separate from the central computer, the maintenance of the supervision system is facilitated. Indeed, the maintenance of the supervision system is decorrelated from that of the central computer and therefore of the railway vehicle. This is important, since the various equipment of the railway vehicle has a life cycle which evolves differently, in particular, the system of supervision. The use of the supervision system is thus more flexible and adapts more simply to the needs of a railway vehicle operator. The maintenance of the railway vehicle is then facilitated.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre, d'un mode de réalisation d'un véhicule ferroviaire donné uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un véhicule ferroviaire équipé d'un système de supervision conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement le système de supervision du véhicule ferroviaire de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est un ordinogramme d'un procédé de gestion du système de maintenance de la figure 2.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will emerge more clearly in the light of the description which follows, of an embodiment of a railway vehicle given solely by way of example and with reference. in the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation of a railway vehicle equipped with a supervision system according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 schematically represents the rail vehicle supervision system of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a flowchart of a method of managing the maintenance system of the figure 2 .

La figure 1 représente un véhicule ferroviaire 1, par exemple un train de passagers ou un véhicule de transport urbain, tel qu'un tramway. Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 est adapté pour circuler sur des rails ferroviaires 2 au moyen de roues en étant propulsé au moyen d'un moteur, non illustré.The figure 1 represents a railway vehicle 1, for example a passenger train or an urban transport vehicle, such as a tramway. The rail vehicle 1 is adapted to run on railway rails 2 by means of wheels being propelled by means of a motor, not shown.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 comporte une pluralité d'équipements 10, 11, 12, par exemple mécaniques, hydrauliques ou électriques, nécessaires pour assurer un bon fonctionnement du véhicule ferroviaire 1.The railway vehicle 1 comprises a plurality of equipment 10, 11, 12, for example mechanical, hydraulic or electric, necessary to ensure proper operation of the railway vehicle 1.

De tels équipements 10, 11, 12 sont destinés à faire l'objet d'un suivi au cours du temps de leur état de fonctionnement, notamment pour établir des diagnostics en vue de réaliser des opérations de maintenance préventive et/ou curative de ces équipements.Such equipment 10, 11, 12 are intended to be monitored over time in their operating state, in particular to establish diagnostics for carrying out preventive and / or curative maintenance operations of these equipment. .

Par exemple, à titre illustratif, les équipements 10, 11 et 12 peuvent correspondre à tout ou partie des éléments formant une chaîne de traction, un système de freinage, un système d'information aux voyageurs ou encore un système de chauffage et/ou de climatisation.For example, as an illustration, the equipment 10, 11 and 12 may correspond to all or part of the elements forming a traction chain, a braking system, a passenger information system or a heating system and / or air conditioner.

A cet effet, le véhicule ferroviaire 1 comporte des capteurs de maintenance, non illustrés, associés auxdits équipements 10, 11, 12 du véhicule ferroviaire 1. Chacun de ces capteurs est configuré pour mesurer un état de fonctionnement de l'équipement auquel il est associé, et pour générer des données représentatives de cet état de fonctionnement.For this purpose, the railway vehicle 1 comprises maintenance sensors, not shown, associated with said equipment 10, 11, 12 of the railway vehicle 1. Each of these sensors is configured to measure an operating state of the equipment with which it is associated , and to generate data representative of this operating state.

Cela permet de surveiller le fonctionnement dudit équipement. De tels capteurs de maintenance sont bien connus de l'homme du métier et ne sont pas décrits plus en détail ici.This makes it possible to monitor the operation of said equipment. Such maintenance sensors are well known to those skilled in the art and are not described in more detail here.

Dans cet exemple, seuls trois équipements 10, 11, 12 sont illustrés, bien qu'en pratique ce nombre est différent, par exemple supérieur ou égal à dix ou à cent, voire même égal à un.In this example, only three devices 10, 11, 12 are illustrated, although in practice this number is different, for example greater than or equal to ten or one hundred, or even equal to one.

Ici, chaque capteur de maintenance est associé à un unique équipement 10, 11, 12. En variante, toutefois, un même équipement peut être associé à plusieurs capteurs de maintenance distincts. Par exemple, ces capteurs peuvent mesurer une même grandeur physique en différents points d'un équipement, ou encore mesurer différentes grandeurs physiques relatives à un même équipement.Here, each maintenance sensor is associated with a single equipment 10, 11, 12. Alternatively, however, the same equipment can be associated with several different maintenance sensors. For example, these sensors can measure the same physical quantity at different points of an equipment, or even measure different physical quantities relating to the same equipment.

Les données générées par les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 sont ici nommées données de maintenance et sont spécifiquement destinées à être traitées pour établir un diagnostic relatif à l'état de fonctionnement de l'équipement auquel le capteur est associé. Par exemple, les données sont encodées sous forme numérique, par exemple sous la forme d'une trame de données selon un protocole de communication préétabli.The data generated by the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are here called maintenance data and are specifically intended to be processed to establish a diagnostic relating to the operating status of the equipment to which the sensor is associated. For example, the data is encoded in digital form, for example in the form of a data frame according to a predetermined communication protocol.

Dans cet exemple, les données de maintenance sont des valeurs numériques d'une grandeur physique représentative d'un état de fonctionnement de l'équipement associé au capteur dont elles émanent. Ces données de maintenance sont ici nommées variables et portent la référence V. Ces données de maintenance varient en fonction du temps et/ou au cours de la durée de vie de l'équipement associé.In this example, the maintenance data are digital values of a physical quantity representative of an operating state of the equipment associated with the sensor from which they emanate. These maintenance data are here called variables and carry the reference V. These maintenance data vary according to the time and / or during the lifetime of the associated equipment.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 comporte également un système de supervision 20 auquel les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 sont connectés et dont le rôle est décrit dans ce qui suit.The railway vehicle 1 also comprises a supervision system 20 to which the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are connected and the role of which is described below.

En particulier, le système de supervision 20 est apte à communiquer avec un serveur de maintenance 3 distant et extérieur au véhicule ferroviaire 1.In particular, the supervision system 20 is able to communicate with a maintenance server 3 remote and outside the railway vehicle 1.

Le véhicule ferroviaire 1 comporte également un bus de données 30 commun à tout le véhicule ferroviaire 1. Les capteurs de maintenance 10, 11 et 12 sont raccordés au système de supervision 20, au moyen du bus de données 30.The railway vehicle 1 also comprises a data bus 30 common to the entire railway vehicle 1. The maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 are connected to the supervision system 20 by means of the data bus 30.

Ici, le bus de données 30 est également utilisé pour raccorder d'autres éléments du véhicule ferroviaire 1 distinct des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 et/ou du système de supervision 20.Here, the data bus 30 is also used to connect other elements of the railway vehicle 1 separate from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 and / or the supervision system 20.

En d'autres termes, d'autres données que les données de maintenance sont susceptibles de transiter via le bus de données 30.In other words, other data than the maintenance data can pass through the data bus 30.

Aussi, chaque donnée de maintenance V est associée à un identifiant numérique, qui permet d'assurer le routage de cette donnée de maintenance au sein du bus de communication 30. En particulier, cet identifiant permet d'indiquer que cette donnée est destinée à être traitée par une unité de diagnostic du système de supervision 20. Par exemple, pour chaque donnée de maintenance, cet identifiant est enregistré dans l'entête d'une trame contenant cette donnée de maintenance V. Cet identifiant indique avantageusement aussi de quel capteur de maintenance provient cette donnée de maintenance.Also, each maintenance data V is associated with a digital identifier, which makes it possible to ensure the routing of this maintenance data item within the communication bus 30. In particular, this identifier makes it possible to indicate that this datum is intended to be processed by a diagnostic unit of the supervision system 20. For example, for each maintenance data, this identifier is recorded in the header of a frame containing this maintenance data V. This identifier advantageously also indicates which Maintenance sensor comes from this maintenance data.

Dans cet exemple, le bus de données 30 est un bus de terrain filaire. A titre illustratif, il s'agit ici d'un bus de terrain de technologie CIP, pour « Common Industrial Protocol » en langue anglaise, conforme aux spécifications du consortium « ODVA, Inc ».In this example, the data bus 30 is a wired field bus. By way of illustration, this is a fieldbus of CIP technology, for "Common Industrial Protocol" in English, conforming to the specifications of the "ODVA, Inc." consortium.

A titre d'exemple illustratif, l'un des équipements 10, 11, 12 du véhicule ferroviaire 1 associé à un capteur de maintenance est une porte automatique du véhicule ferroviaire 1.As an illustrative example, one of the equipment 10, 11, 12 of the railway vehicle 1 associated with a maintenance sensor is an automatic door of the railway vehicle 1.

De façon connue, une telle porte automatique est placée dans une ouverture ménagée sur une paroi d'une voiture ou d'une caisse du véhicule ferroviaire 1 pour gérer l'accès des passagers dans le véhicule ferroviaire 1. Cette porte automatique est munie d'un mécanisme d'ouverture/fermeture motorisé. Ce mécanisme se dégrade au cours du temps, par exemple à cause de sollicitations répétées, voire excessives, de la part de passagers du véhicule ferroviaire 1.In known manner, such an automatic door is placed in an opening on a wall of a car or a box of the railway vehicle 1 to manage the access of passengers in the railway vehicle 1. This automatic door is provided with a motorized opening / closing mechanism. This mechanism deteriorates over time, for example because of repeated or excessive requests from passengers of the rail vehicle 1.

Un indicateur de l'état de fonctionnement de ce mécanisme est le temps dit d'ouverture, c'est-à-dire la durée nécessaire pour que ce mécanisme commute la porte automatique entre des états ouvert et fermé. Par exemple, un temps d'ouverture qui est supérieur à un seuil prédéterminé est révélateur d'une usure ou d'un dysfonctionnement, nécessitant une intervention de maintenance.An indicator of the operating state of this mechanism is the so-called opening time, that is to say the time required for this mechanism to switch the automatic gate between open and closed states. For example, an opening time that is greater than a predetermined threshold is indicative of wear or malfunction, requiring maintenance.

Ainsi, un capteur de maintenance est associé à cette porte automatique et est programmé pour mesurer le temps d'ouverture de cette porte à chaque fois qu'une telle ouverture est déclenchée, puis pour générer une donnée de maintenance contenant des informations représentatives de ce temps d'ouverture, par exemple à chaque sollicitation de la porte automatique. La donnée de maintenance, ou variable V, correspond à la vitesse d'ouverture de la porte pour un instant donné. Cette donnée de maintenance est transmise sur le bus 30 à destination du système de supervision 20.Thus, a maintenance sensor is associated with this automatic door and is programmed to measure the opening time of this door each time such an opening is triggered, then to generate a maintenance data containing information representative of this time. opening, for example at each solicitation of the automatic door. The maintenance data, or variable V, corresponds to the speed of opening of the door for a given moment. This maintenance data is transmitted on the bus 30 to the supervision system 20.

Le système de supervision 20 comporte ici un ordinateur central 21, un commutateur réseau 22, un module de maintenance 23 et une interface de communication de données 24.The supervision system 20 here comprises a central computer 21, a network switch 22, a maintenance module 23 and a data communication interface 24.

Le système 20, ainsi que les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 forment ensemble un système de type « Train Control and Monitoring System » en langue anglaise.The system 20 as well as the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 together form a system of the "Train Control and Monitoring System" type in the English language.

Le module de maintenance 23 comporte une unité d'envoi de données 231 et une unité de diagnostic 232, comportant chacun une unité de calcul programmable.The maintenance module 23 comprises a data sending unit 231 and a diagnostic unit 232, each comprising a programmable computing unit.

L'unité d'envoi de données 231 est connectée à l'interface de communication 24 pour transmettre des informations à destination du serveur de maintenance 3.The data sending unit 231 is connected to the communication interface 24 for transmitting information to the maintenance server 3.

Par exemple, l'interface de communication 24 comporte une antenne radio permettant d'établir une liaison de données sans fil avec le serveur de maintenance 3. Une telle liaison de données sans fil est par exemple de type WiFi ou de type GSM ou LTE. En variante, il peut s'agir d'une liaison de données à champ proche de type NFC ou à couplage inductif.For example, the communication interface 24 comprises a radio antenna for establishing a wireless data link with the maintenance server 3. Such a wireless data link is for example WiFi type or GSM or LTE type. Alternatively, it may be a near field data link of the NFC type or inductively coupled.

Le commutateur réseau 22 est connecté à l'unité de diagnostic 232, au moyen d'une liaison de données, ici de type Ethernet. Le commutateur réseau 22 est ici un élément du bus de données 30 et permet de recevoir les données provenant des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12.The network switch 22 is connected to the diagnostic unit 232, by means of a data link, here Ethernet type. The network switch 22 is here an element of the data bus 30 and makes it possible to receive the data coming from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.

De préférence, comme illustré à la figure 2, le commutateur réseau 22 est distinct de l'ordinateur central 21. En outre, le commutateur réseau 22 est ici connecté aux capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 indépendamment de l'ordinateur central 21. En d'autres termes, les données provenant des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 peuvent être transmises vers le commutateur réseau 22 sans passer par l'ordinateur central 21. Cela est ici dû au fait que l'ordinateur central 21 et le commutateur réseau 22 sont chacun connectés au bus de données 30 indépendamment l'un de l'autre.Preferably, as illustrated in figure 2 , the network switch 22 is separate from the central computer 21. In addition, the network switch 22 is here connected to the maintenance sensors of the equipment 10, 11 and 12 independently of the central computer 21. In other words, the data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 can be transmitted to the network switch 22 without passing through the central computer 21. This is due to the fact that the central computer 21 and the network switch 22 are each connected to the data bus 30 independently of one another.

L'ordinateur central 21 est raccordé à l'interface de communication 24 ainsi qu'au bus de données 30.The central computer 21 is connected to the communication interface 24 as well as to the data bus 30.

L'ordinateur central 21 est configuré pour recevoir des données provenant du véhicule ferroviaire 1 via le bus de données 30, dont des données de maintenance émanant des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12, ainsi que pour analyser le comportement du véhicule ferroviaire 1 en fonction de ces données reçues.The central computer 21 is configured to receive data from the rail vehicle 1 via the data bus 30, including maintenance data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12, as well as to analyze the behavior of the rail vehicle. 1 based on these received data.

En d'autres termes, l'ordinateur central 21 est également programmé pour analyser le comportement du véhicule ferroviaire en fonction d'autres données reçues depuis le bus de données 30 que celles émanant des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12.In other words, the central computer 21 is also programmed to analyze the behavior of the railway vehicle as a function of other data received from the data bus 30 than that emanating from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.

L'ordinateur central 21 comporte un calculateur électronique 210 programmable, tel qu'un microprocesseur, ainsi qu'un support d'enregistrement d'informations, telle qu'une mémoire interne, apte à stocker des instructions exécutables pour assurer le fonctionnement de l'ordinateur central 21.The central computer 21 comprises a programmable electronic calculator 210, such as a microprocessor, as well as an information recording medium, such as an internal memory, able to store executable instructions for the operation of the computer. central computer 21.

L'ordinateur central 21 est également programmé pour générer des rapports d'événements destinés à être envoyés vers le serveur de maintenance 3, par exemple au moyen de l'interface 24.The central computer 21 is also programmed to generate event reports intended to be sent to the maintenance server 3, for example by means of the interface 24.

Les rapports d'évènements comportent des évènements E(X), ou alertes, qui indiquent une anomalie de fonctionnement du véhicule ferroviaire 1 nécessitant une attention de la part d'un exploitant du véhicule ferroviaire 1. Chaque évènement E(X) est par exemple associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire 1 ainsi qu'à un code d'erreur prédéfini, par exemple enregistré sous forme d'un signal numérique.The event reports include E (X) events, or alerts, which indicate a malfunction of the railway vehicle 1 requiring attention from a railway vehicle operator 1. Each event E (X) is for example associated with a railway vehicle equipment 1 and a predefined error code, for example recorded as a digital signal.

L'unité d'envoi de données 231 est ici adaptée pour envoyer des rapports d'événements E(X) et/ou des variables V à destination du serveur de maintenance 3. L'unité d'envoi de données 231 est, par exemple propre à générer des rapports d'événements à partir de données reçues et/ou transmises par l'unité de diagnostic 232 et à envoyer les rapports d'évènements vers le serveur de maintenance 3.The data sending unit 231 is here adapted to send E (X) event reports and / or V variables to the maintenance server 3. The data sending unit 231 is, for example able to generate event reports from data received and / or transmitted by the diagnostic unit 232 and to send the event reports to the maintenance server 3.

Le commutateur réseau 22 est configuré pour collecter les données de maintenance circulant sur le bus de données 30 et reçue par le système 20.The network switch 22 is configured to collect the maintenance data flowing on the data bus 30 and received by the system 20.

Par exemple, parmi toutes les données reçues par le système 20 depuis le bus de données 30, seules les données de maintenance sont collectées par le commutateur réseau 22. Par exemple, le commutateur réseau 22 sélectionne ces données de maintenance sur la base de l'identifiant associé à chacune des données de maintenance. Dans cet exemple, le commutateur réseau 22 est un commutateur Ethernet.For example, of all the data received by the system 20 from the data bus 30, only the maintenance data is collected by the network switch 22. For example, the network switch 22 selects this maintenance data on the basis of the identifier associated with each of the maintenance data. In this example, the network switch 22 is an Ethernet switch.

Le commutateur réseau 22 est en outre programmé pour envoyer ces données de maintenance à destination de l'unité de diagnostic 232. En variante, le commutateur réseau 22 peut être programmé pour envoyer à l'unité de diagnostic 232 toutes les données circulant sur le bus de données 30.The network switch 22 is further programmed to send these maintenance data to the diagnostic unit 232. Alternatively, the network switch 22 can be programmed to send to the diagnostic unit 232 all the data circulating on the bus. 30.

L'unité de diagnostic 232 est programmée pour traiter automatiquement les données de maintenance reçues en provenance du commutateur réseau 22, afin d'établir un diagnostic sur le ou les équipements du véhicule ferroviaire associés aux données émanant respectivement du ou des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 correspondants. Ce traitement est ici effectué en fonction de règles de traitement R(X) préétablies.The diagnostic unit 232 is programmed to automatically process the maintenance data received from the network switch 22, in order to establish a diagnosis on the equipment or the equipment of the railway vehicle associated with the data emanating respectively from the equipment maintenance sensor or sensors. 10, 11 and 12 corresponding. This treatment is performed here according to pre-established rules of treatment R (X).

Avantageusement, pour chaque donnée de maintenance, une ou plusieurs règles de traitement R(X) adéquates sont choisies automatiquement par l'unité de diagnostic 232 en fonction de la nature de l'équipement auquel est associé le capteur de maintenance dont provient cette donnée de maintenance.Advantageously, for each maintenance data item, one or more appropriate R (X) processing rules are automatically selected by the diagnostic unit 232 depending on the nature of the equipment with which the maintenance sensor from which this data item is derived is associated. maintenance.

Par exemple, l'unité de diagnostic 232 est pourvue d'un calculateur électronique programmable et d'un support d'enregistrement d'informations, ce dernier contenant des règles de traitement préétablies.For example, the diagnostic unit 232 is provided with a programmable electronic computer and an information recording medium, the latter containing pre-established processing rules.

Dans l'exemple illustratif de la porte automatique du train, les règles de traitement R(X) associées à cette variable permettent de comparer la valeur du temps d'ouverture avec un seuil prédéfini. Si ce temps d'ouverture est déterminé comme excédant le seuil prédéfini, alors la porte est considérée comme s'ouvrant trop lentement. Au contraire, si la valeur est inférieure au seuil prédéfini, la porte est considérée comme s'ouvrant à une vitesse acceptable.In the illustrative example of the automatic door of the train, the processing rules R (X) associated with this variable make it possible to compare the value of the opening time with a predefined threshold. If this opening time is determined to exceed the predefined threshold, then the door is considered to open too slowly. On the contrary, if the value is below the predefined threshold, the door is considered to open at an acceptable speed.

En variante, plusieurs seuils peuvent être définis. Par exemple, si le temps d'ouverture est compris entre des premier et deuxième seuils prédéfinis, alors la porte est considérée comme s'ouvrant trop lentement mais ne nécessite pas d'intervention immédiate. Si la valeur est supérieure au deuxième seuil prédéfini, la porte est considérée comme s'ouvrant trop lentement et nécessite une intervention. Enfin si le temps d'ouverture est inférieur au premier seuil prédéfini, alors la porte est considérée comme ne présentant pas de problème et s'ouvrant à une vitesse normale.Alternatively, several thresholds can be defined. For example, if the opening time is between the first and second predefined thresholds, then the door is considered to open too slowly but does not require immediate intervention. If the value is greater than the second predefined threshold, the door is considered to open too slowly and requires intervention. Finally, if the opening time is less than the first predefined threshold, then the door is considered as not presenting a problem and opening at a normal speed.

L'unité de diagnostic 232 est ici également programmée pour envoyer le diagnostic établi vers le serveur de maintenance 3 au moyen de l'interface 24.The diagnostic unit 232 is here also programmed to send the established diagnosis to the maintenance server 3 by means of the interface 24.

De cette manière, le système de supervision 20 peut évoluer en fonction des besoins d'un exploitant du véhicule ferroviaire 1 tout au long de la durée de vie du véhicule ferroviaire 1.In this way, the supervision system 20 can evolve according to the needs of a railway vehicle operator 1 throughout the lifetime of the railway vehicle 1.

En effet, typiquement, un véhicule ferroviaire 1 présente une durée de vie de plusieurs dizaines d'années. Il est ainsi fréquent, qu'au cours de la vie de ce véhicule ferroviaire 1, des équipements installés dès l'origine, tels que le bus de données 30 présentent une obsolescence technologique ce qui rend leur connexion à des éléments plus récents, tels que des capteurs de maintenance additionnels, particulièrement difficile et coûteuse, voire même impossible dans certains cas sans avoir à changer complètement le bus de données 30. Grâce à l'invention, en dissociant l'unité de diagnostic 232 de l'ordinateur central 21, on accorde une plus grande flexibilité d'utilisation du système de supervision 20. On facilite donc la maintenance du véhicule ferroviaire 1.Indeed, typically, a rail vehicle 1 has a life of several decades. It is thus common that, during the life of this railway vehicle 1, equipment installed from the beginning, such as the data bus 30 exhibit a technological obsolescence which makes their connection to more recent elements, such as additional maintenance sensors, particularly difficult and expensive, or even impossible in some cases without having to completely change the data bus 30. Thanks to the invention, by dissociating the diagnostic unit 232 from the central computer 21, provides greater flexibility in the use of the supervisory system 20. It therefore facilitates the maintenance of the railway vehicle 1.

Avantageusement, le système de supervision 20 comporte en outre une interface utilisateur 25 adaptée pour acquérir des règles de traitement R(X) additionnelles fournies par un utilisateur. L'unité de diagnostic 232 est ainsi configurée pour établir le diagnostic en fonction des règles de traitement acquises au moyen de cette interface utilisateur 25.Advantageously, the supervision system 20 further comprises a user interface 25 adapted to acquire additional processing rules R (X) provided by a user. The diagnostic unit 232 is thus configured to establish the diagnosis according to the processing rules acquired by means of this user interface 25.

Ainsi, un exploitant du train peut personnaliser le fonctionnement de l'unité de diagnostic 232, par exemple pour programmer un traitement qui n'était pas prévu à l'origine lors de l'installation du système de supervision 20.Thus, a train operator can customize the operation of the diagnostic unit 232, for example to program a treatment that was not originally planned during the installation of the supervision system 20.

Par exemple, ces règles de traitement sont acquises par l'interface utilisateur 25 en provenance du serveur distant 3 de maintenance.For example, these processing rules are acquired by the user interface 25 from the remote maintenance server 3.

Alternativement, l'interface utilisateur 25 est raccordée à un ordinateur de bord du véhicule ferroviaire de telle sorte que ces règles de traitement sont fournies par un opérateur du véhicule ferroviaire depuis cet ordinateur de bord.Alternatively, the user interface 25 is connected to an on-board computer of the railway vehicle such that these processing rules are provided by an operator of the rail vehicle from this on-board computer.

Avantageusement, le véhicule ferroviaire comporte au moins un capteur de maintenance additionnel 40, associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire. Ce capteur de maintenance additionnel est distinct des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12. Ce capteur de maintenance 40 est connecté à l'unité de diagnostic 232 pour transmettre à cette unité de diagnostic 232 des données de maintenance issues du capteur de maintenance additionnel sans passer par l'ordinateur central 21. Ainsi, le capteur additionnel 40 n'est pas connecté au bus de données 30.Advantageously, the railway vehicle comprises at least one additional maintenance sensor 40, associated with a railway vehicle equipment. This additional maintenance sensor is separate from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12. This maintenance sensor 40 is connected to the diagnostic unit 232 to transmit to this diagnostic unit 232 maintenance data from the maintenance sensor. additional without passing through the central computer 21. Thus, the additional sensor 40 is not connected to the data bus 30.

De cette manière, des capteurs de maintenance additionnels, qui n'étaient pas prévus à l'origine lors de la conception ou la construction du véhicule ferroviaire 1 peuvent être ajoutés au sein de ce véhicule ferroviaire 1 et connectés au système de supervision 20 sans avoir besoin de modifier le bus de données commun 30 ou l'ordinateur central 21. Ainsi, là encore, la flexibilité de fonctionnement du système de supervision 20 est améliorée.In this way, additional maintenance sensors, which were not originally provided during the design or construction of the railway vehicle 1 can be added within this railway vehicle 1 and connected to the supervision system 20 without having need to modify the common data bus 30 or the central computer 21. Thus, again, the operating flexibility of the supervisory system 20 is improved.

Un exemple de fonctionnement du système de supervision 20 est maintenant décrit en référence à l'ordinogramme de la figure 3 et à l'aide des figures 1 et 2.An example of operation of the supervision system 20 is now described with reference to the flowchart of the figure 3 and with the help of figures 1 and 2 .

D'abord, des données de maintenance sont émises par les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 vers le bus de données 30 à destination de l'ordinateur central 21 du système de supervision 20.First, maintenance data are sent by the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 to the data bus 30 to the central computer 21 of the supervision system 20.

Ensuite, lors d'une étape 1000, le commutateur réseau 22 collecte les données issues des capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12.Then, during a step 1000, the network switch 22 collects the data from the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12.

Dans cet exemple, les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12 envoient automatiquement, au cours du temps, les données de maintenance vers le système 20 par l'intermédiaire du commutateur réseau 22. En variante, toutefois, la collecte de ces données de maintenance est réalisée à l'initiative du système 20, qui interroge automatiquement les capteurs de maintenance des équipements 10, 11 et 12, à des instants prédéfinis dans le temps, par exemple en envoyant une requête à cet effet.In this example, the equipment maintenance sensors 10, 11 and 12 automatically send, over time, the maintenance data to the system 20 via the network switch 22. As a variant, however, the collection of these data maintenance is performed at the initiative of the system 20, which automatically interrogates the maintenance sensors of the equipment 10, 11 and 12, at times predefined in time, for example by sending a request for this purpose.

Ensuite, l'ordinateur central 21 génère, par exemple, un rapport d'évènement en fonction des données de maintenance reçues.Then, the central computer 21 generates, for example, an event report according to the maintenance data received.

Lors d'une étape 1002, le commutateur réseau 22 collecte automatiquement les données de maintenance V reçues et les transmet automatiquement à destination de l'unité de diagnostic 232, par l'intermédiaire de liaisons de données.In a step 1002, the network switch 22 automatically collects the received maintenance data V and automatically transmits it to the diagnostic unit 232 via data links.

Ensuite, lors d'une étape 1004, l'unité de diagnostic 232 traite automatiquement les données de maintenance reçues depuis le commutateur réseau 22. Ce traitement est réalisé automatiquement en fonction de règles de traitement R(X) préétablies. Avantageusement, ce traitement est réalisé, en totalité ou en partie, en fonction de règles de traitement additionnelles qui ont préalablement été fournies au système de supervision 20 par l'intermédiaire de l'interface utilisateur 25.Then, in a step 1004, the diagnostic unit 232 automatically processes the maintenance data received from the network switch 22. This processing is performed automatically according to pre-established processing rules R (X). Advantageously, this processing is carried out, in whole or in part, as a function of additional processing rules that have previously been provided to the supervision system 20 via the user interface 25.

Enfin, avantageusement, lors d'une étape 1006, le diagnostic établi par l'unité de diagnostic 232 est automatiquement envoyé vers le serveur de maintenance 3, au moyen de l'interface de communication 24. Optionnellement, l'unité d'envoi de données 231 génère des rapports d'événements à partir de données reçues et/ou transmises par l'unité de diagnostic 232 et transmet les rapports d'évènements à destination du serveur de maintenance 3 par l'intermédiaire de l'interface de communication 24. Optionnellement encore, l'unité d'envoi de données 231 récupère les données de maintenance V reçues par l'unité de diagnostic 232 et les transmet à destination du serveur de maintenance 3 par l'intermédiaire de l'interface de communication 24.Finally, advantageously, during a step 1006, the diagnosis established by the diagnostic unit 232 is automatically sent to the maintenance server 3, by means of the communication interface 24. Optionally, the sending unit of data 231 generates event reports from data received and / or transmitted by the diagnostic unit 232 and transmits the event reports to the maintenance server 3 via the communication interface 24. Optionally, the data sending unit 231 retrieves the maintenance data V received by the diagnostic unit 232 and transmits it to the maintenance server 3 via the communication interface 24.

Les modes de réalisation et les variantes envisagés ci-dessus peuvent être combinés entre eux pour générer de nouveaux modes de réalisation.The embodiments and alternatives contemplated above may be combined with one another to generate new embodiments.

Claims (9)

Véhicule ferroviaire (1), comportant : - une pluralité de capteurs de maintenance chacun associé à un équipement (10, 11, 12) du véhicule ferroviaire (1) et étant adapté pour émettre des données de maintenance relatives au fonctionnement de l'équipement auquel il est associé ; - un système de supervision (20) du véhicule ferroviaire, comportant un ordinateur central (21) ; - un bus de données commun (30) qui raccorde les capteurs de maintenance à l'ordinateur central (21) pour transmettre automatiquement les données de maintenance depuis les capteurs de maintenance vers l'ordinateur central (21) ; le véhicule ferroviaire (1) étant caractérisé en ce que le système de supervision (20) comporte en outre un commutateur réseau (22) et une unité de diagnostic (232) distincte de l'ordinateur central (21), en ce que le commutateur réseau (22) est adapté pour collecter les données de maintenance émises par les capteurs de maintenance et pour envoyer ces données de maintenance à destination de l'unité de diagnostic (232), et en ce que l'unité de diagnostic (232) est programmée pour traiter automatiquement les données de maintenance reçues, en fonction de règles de traitement (R(X)) préétablies, de façon à établir un diagnostic sur au moins un des équipements du véhicule ferroviaire (1) et en ce qu'il comporte en outre un capteur de maintenance additionnel (40), associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire (1) et connecté à l'unité de diagnostic (232) pour transmettre à cette unité de diagnostic (232) des données de maintenance sans passer par l'ordinateur central (21).Railway vehicle (1), comprising: a plurality of maintenance sensors each associated with equipment (10, 11, 12) of the railway vehicle (1) and being adapted to transmit maintenance data relating to the operation of the equipment with which it is associated; a supervisory system (20) for the railway vehicle, comprising a central computer (21); - a common data bus (30) which connects the maintenance sensors to the central computer (21) for automatically transmitting the maintenance data from the maintenance sensors to the central computer (21); the railway vehicle (1) being characterized in that the supervision system (20) further comprises a network switch (22) and a diagnostic unit (232) separate from the central computer (21), in that the switch network (22) is adapted to collect the maintenance data transmitted by the maintenance sensors and to send these maintenance data to the diagnostic unit (232), and in that the diagnostic unit (232) is programmed to automatically process the received maintenance data, according to predetermined processing rules (R (X)), so as to establish a diagnosis on at least one of the equipment of the railway vehicle (1) and in that it comprises in in addition to an additional maintenance sensor (40) associated with a railway vehicle equipment (1) and connected to the diagnostic unit (232) for transmitting maintenance data to said diagnostic unit (232) without passing through the computer central nervous system (21). Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur réseau (22) est programmé pour collecter les données de maintenance, en fonction d'identifiants associés à ces données de maintenance.Railway vehicle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the network switch (22) is programmed to collect the maintenance data, according to identifiers associated with these maintenance data. Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de supervision (20) comporte une interface de communication de données (24) configurée pour transmettre, à destination d'un serveur de maintenance distant (3), une information représentative du diagnostic établi par l'unité de diagnostic (232) en fonction des données de maintenance reçues.Railway vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supervision system (20) comprises a data communication interface (24) configured to transmit to a remote maintenance server (3). ), an information representative of the diagnosis established by the diagnostic unit (232) according to the maintenance data received. Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le système de supervision (20) comporte une interface utilisateur (25) adaptée pour acquérir des règles de traitement (R(X)) fournies par un utilisateur et en ce que l'unité de diagnostic (232) est en outre configurée pour établir le diagnostic en fonction des règles de traitement acquises.Railway vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supervision system (20) comprises a user interface (25) adapted to acquire processing rules (R (X)) provided by a user and in that the diagnostic unit (232) is further configured to establish the diagnosis according to the acquired treatment rules. Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le bus de données (30) commun est un bus de terrain.Railway vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the common data bus (30) is a field bus. Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur réseau (22) est raccordé à l'unité de diagnostic (232) au moyen d'une liaison de données de type Ethernet.Railway vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the network switch (22) is connected to the diagnostic unit (232) by means of an Ethernet data link. Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ordinateur central (21) est programmé pour générer automatiquement des rapports d'évènements (E(X)) en fonction des données reçues depuis les capteurs de maintenance et pour transmettre automatiquement les rapports d'évènements générés à destination d'un serveur de maintenance distant (3).Railway vehicle (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central computer (21) is programmed to automatically generate event reports (E (X)) as a function of the data received from the sensors of maintenance and to automatically transmit the generated event reports to a remote maintenance server (3). Véhicule ferroviaire (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur réseau (22) est distinct de l'ordinateur central (21) et en ce que le commutateur réseau (22) est connecté aux capteurs de maintenance indépendamment de l'ordinateur central (21).Railway vehicle (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the network switch (22) is separate from the central computer (21) and in that the network switch (22) is connected to the maintenance sensors independently of the central computer (21). Procédé de fonctionnement d'un système de supervision (20) d'un véhicule ferroviaire (1), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des étapes : a) d'émission (1000), de données de maintenance, par des capteurs de maintenance associés à des équipements (10, 11, 12) du véhicule ferroviaire (1), les données de maintenance étant acheminées depuis les capteurs de maintenance vers le système de supervision (20) au moyen d'un bus de données (30) commun du véhicule ferroviaire (1) ; b) de collecte, par un commutateur réseau (22) du système de supervision (20), des données de maintenance émises, et d'envoi de ces données de maintenance à destination d'une unité de diagnostic (232) du système de supervision (20), l'unité de diagnostic (232) étant distincte de l'ordinateur central (21) ; c) de transmission, par un capteur de maintenance additionnel (40) associé à un équipement du véhicule ferroviaire (1), de données de maintenance vers l'unité de diagnostic (232) sans passer par l'ordinateur central (21) ; d) de traitement, par l'unité de diagnostic (232), des données de maintenance reçues, en fonction de règles de traitement préétablies. Method of operating a supervisory system (20) of a railway vehicle (1), characterized in that it comprises steps: a) transmission (1000), maintenance data, by maintenance sensors associated with equipment (10, 11, 12) of the railway vehicle (1), the maintenance data being conveyed from the maintenance sensors to the supervisory system (20) by means of a common data bus (30) of the railway vehicle (1); b) collecting, by a network switch (22) of the supervision system (20), issued maintenance data, and sending the maintenance data to a diagnostic unit (232) of the supervision system. (20), the diagnostic unit (232) being separate from the central computer (21); c) transmitting, by an additional maintenance sensor (40) associated with a railway vehicle equipment (1), maintenance data to the diagnostic unit (232) without passing through the central computer (21); d) processing, by the diagnostic unit (232), received maintenance data, according to pre-established processing rules.
EP17188361.4A 2016-09-02 2017-08-29 Railway vehicle comprising a supervision system and method of using such a supervision system Active EP3290289B1 (en)

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FR1658179A FR3055602B1 (en) 2016-09-02 2016-09-02 RAILWAY VEHICLE COMPRISING A SUPERVISION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF USING SUCH A SUPERVISION SYSTEM

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FR3055602A1 (en) 2018-03-09
PL3290289T3 (en) 2019-07-31

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