EP3107891B1 - Procédé d'amination réductrice d'aldéhydes - Google Patents
Procédé d'amination réductrice d'aldéhydes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3107891B1 EP3107891B1 EP15702456.3A EP15702456A EP3107891B1 EP 3107891 B1 EP3107891 B1 EP 3107891B1 EP 15702456 A EP15702456 A EP 15702456A EP 3107891 B1 EP3107891 B1 EP 3107891B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fixed bed
- acidic
- hydrogenation
- carbonyl compound
- process according
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FPYUJUBAXZAQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzaldehyde Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C=O FPYUJUBAXZAQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005265 dialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical class [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MZKKJAOOPDDXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-n,n-dimethylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1Cl MZKKJAOOPDDXQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 CC*(*(C)*)N Chemical compound CC*(*(C)*)N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007854 aminals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYTYSMSQNNBZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt copper Chemical compound [Co].[Cu] RYTYSMSQNNBZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002374 hemiaminals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009904 heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007976 iminium ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 tungstates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/24—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reductive alkylation of ammonia, amines or compounds having groups reducible to amino groups, with carbonyl compounds
- C07C209/26—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reductive alkylation of ammonia, amines or compounds having groups reducible to amino groups, with carbonyl compounds by reduction with hydrogen
Definitions
- the invention relates to processes for the reductive amination by reacting a carbonyl compound with a secondary amine and hydrogen, which is characterized in that the reaction is carried out continuously and the reaction mixture containing the carbonyl compound, the secondary amine and hydrogen, first with an acidic fixed bed and then brought into contact with a fixed bed of the hydrogenation catalyst (hereinafter called hydrogenation fixed bed).
- a common and economically important process for preparing amines is reductive amination.
- ketones or aldehydes are converted to an amine.
- One known method of reductive amination is the reaction of a carbonyl compound with an amine in the presence of hydrogen, as described, for example, in US Pat WO 01/05741 is described.
- a carbonyl compound is an organic compound having at least one carbonyl group.
- the carbonyl compound is the 2-chlorobenzaldehyde of the formula I.
- the secondary amine is defined in the claims.
- Preferred secondary amines have a molecular weight of not more than 1000 g / mol, in particular not more than 500 g / mol, more preferably not more than 300 g / mol. In a very preferred Embodiment, a secondary amine is used with a maximum molecular weight of 200 g / mol.
- the secondary amine is preferably liquid or gaseous under normal conditions (20 ° C, 1 bar). In a particular embodiment, it is gaseous under normal conditions.
- the secondary amine is formula II wherein R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a C 1 to C 10 alkyl group. Preferably, R1 and R2 independently represent a C1 to C4 alkyl group. Particularly preferably, R 1 and R 2 each represent a methyl group.
- an aldehyde of the formula I, a dialkylamine of the formula II and hydrogen are used as starting compounds.
- 2-chlorobenzaldehyde and dialkylamine are likely to react to form an intermediate, with e.g. B. may be the corresponding aminal, hemiaminal or iminium ion.
- This intermediate is hydrogenated to 2-chlorodialkylbenzylamine in the presence of hydrogen.
- the carbonyl compound is reacted with the dialkylamine and hydrogen.
- the reaction can be carried out without the use of a solvent or using a solvent.
- the implementation can z. B. in the presence of a solvent for the carbonyl compound or for the dialkylamine are performed.
- Suitable solvents for the carbonyl compound, in particular for 2-chlorobenzaldehyde are, for. B. hydrophilic organic solvents. Particularly preferred are hydrophilic, non-protic, organic solvents. Called e.g. Ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether or 1,4-dioxane.
- Suitable solvents for the dialkylamine are water or hydrophilic organic solvents in which the dialkylamine is at least partially soluble, into consideration. In particular, mention may be made of water, ethers, such as tetrahydrofuran or alcohols, such as methanol or ethanol.
- no solvent is included in the reaction.
- the carbonyl compound, the dialkylamine, the hydrogen and, if used, a solvent can be separated from the reactor or already continuously fed as a mixture of at least two of the said starting materials. In the tubular reactor then the mixing of the starting materials to the reaction mixture.
- liquid starting materials can be mixed in advance and fed to the reactor as a liquid mixture.
- the reactor is preferably a tubular reactor.
- Hydrogen is supplied in gaseous form, preferably by adjusting and maintaining a corresponding hydrogen pressure. If desired, hydrogen can also be used in admixture with inert gases such as nitrogen or noble gases.
- Gaseous dialkylamines can be fed to the reactor together with the hydrogen gas.
- Dimethylamine has z. B. a boiling point of 7 ° C.
- the hydrogen stream may be preliminarily contacted with the dimethylamine so that the gas stream contains sufficient dimethylamine.
- the dialkylamine is used in at least equimolar amounts, in particular it is used in molar excess based on the carbonyl compound.
- the molar ratio of dialkylamine to carbonyl compound is 1: 1 to 50: 1, more preferably 2: 1 to 20: 1, and most preferably 3: 1 to 15: 1.
- the hydrogen is supplied in gaseous form in sufficient quantities, generally in molar excess, relative to the carbonyl compound.
- the reaction is carried out continuously, that is, the starting materials are fed continuously and the products obtained are removed continuously.
- the reaction mixture which contains the carbonyl compound, the secondary amine and hydrogen, is brought into contact in the reactor, preferably tubular reactor, first with an acidic fixed bed and then with a fixed bed of the hydrogenation catalyst (hereinafter referred to as hydrogenation fixed bed).
- the acidic fixed bed is a fixed bed of acidic solid particles.
- acidic solid particles solid particles which act collectively as acid. Therefore, the acidic solid particles contain acidic compounds in an amount such that the solid particles as a whole have the action as an acid. In particular, they are solid particles which, upon addition of at least 10 g of solid particles in 100 g of neutral water (pH 7) cause a lowering of the pH, regardless of whether the solid particles are soluble, partially soluble or insoluble in water.
- neutral water pH 7
- other classical methods can be used; These include titration methods (eg with Hammett indicators), adsorption methods, spectroscopic methods and test reactions.
- the acidic fixed bed contains or consists of the acidic solid particles. In addition to the acidic solid particles, the acidic fixed bed may contain other ingredients, for example inert materials such as fillers.
- the acidic fixed bed preferably contains hydrogenation catalysts only in small amounts, in particular the acidic fixed bed contains no hydrogenation catalysts.
- the acidic fixed bed contains in particular less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 1% by weight of hydrogenation catalysts, based on the total weight of the acidic fixed bed.
- the hydrogenation catalysts are, in particular, those as defined and listed below.
- the acidic fixed bed comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight the acidic solid particles. In a particular embodiment, the acidic fixed bed consists of 100% by weight of the acidic solid particles.
- the acidic solid particles may have any shape. They can be present as powders or granules, but they can also be brought into any other form, for. B. by appropriate compression. Solid particles in the form of cylinders, beads, rings or tablets are suitable. The particulates may e.g. have a longest diameter of up to 50 mm.
- the acidic solid particles preferably contain at least 20% by weight, in particular at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 80% by weight, of acidic compounds.
- the solid particles further compounds, eg. As non-acidic compounds as a carrier.
- the acidic solid particles consist exclusively of acidic compounds.
- the acidic compounds may be Lewis acids or Bronsted acids.
- Preferred acidic compounds are acidic metal oxides, phosphates, tungstates, sulfates and organic acids or their salts.
- Titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, or mixed oxides of aluminum and silicon (zeolites) and acidic clays are mentioned as acidic metal oxides in particular.
- aluminum and silicon atoms may also be partially replaced by other atoms, e.g.
- aluminum may be replaced by other trivalent metals.
- Particularly suitable acidic organic compounds are organic ion exchange resins having acid groups, for example carboxylic acid groups or sulfonic acid groups.
- these are sulfonated copolymers of styrene and divinylbenzene (for example the brands Lewatit from Lanxess, Amberlite from Rohm & Haas).
- the acidic fixed bed contains metal oxides, in particular zirconium dioxide, as an acidic compound.
- the acidic fixed bed consists exclusively of metal oxides, in particular zirconium dioxide.
- the acidic fixed bed can be introduced into the reactor in any desired manner. In general, it is introduced so that the entire stream of starting materials is passed through the acidic fixed bed.
- the acidic fixed bed therefore generally fills the entire cross-section of the reactor.
- the volume of the acidic fixed bed is preferably selected so that the loading of the acidic fixed bed with the mass flow of the carbonyl compound 0.0005 to 500 kg / hour (h), especially 0.005 to 50 kg / h, more preferably 0.05 to 50 kg / h Carbonyl compound per liter of acidic fixed bed.
- the volume of the acidic fixed bed In this case, the entire reactor volume occupied by the acidic fixed bed, including the voids between the particles of the acidic fixed bed, is considered.
- the reaction mixture is brought into contact with the hydrogenation fixed bed after the acidic fixed bed.
- the hydrogenation catalyst is a solid, so it is a heterogeneous catalyst.
- the hydrogenation fixed bed contains or consists of the solid hydrogenation catalyst.
- the hydrogenation fixed bed may contain further constituents, for example inert materials such as fillers.
- the hydrogenation fixed bed comprises at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight, of the hydrogenation catalyst. In a particular embodiment, the hydrogenation fixed bed consists of 100% by weight of the hydrogenation catalyst.
- the hydrogenation catalyst may be a conventional heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst in particulate form.
- Heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation are catalytically active elements or compounds, they may be present without carriers in particulate form (full-contact catalysts) or they may be supported on a support, for.
- Preferred hydrogenation catalysts contain active metals, either in elemental form or in the form of compounds, e.g. B. oxides. Often the catalysts contain mixtures of active metals.
- the term metal therefore includes below elementary metals or metals, such as those in chemical bonds, be it in ionic form or covalently bonded form.
- active metals in the form of their oxides or optionally also other compounds is generally carried out at higher temperatures, in particular in the presence of hydrogen, a reduction of the oxides to the metals. This can be done at the beginning of the implementation or in advance in a separate step.
- hydrogenation catalysts there are e.g. those which contain a metal of groups IVb, Vb, Vlb, Vllb, VIIIb, Ib, or IIb.
- the hydrogenation catalyst is a supported catalyst.
- catalysts containing nickel, palladium, platinum, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, copper, manganese, tin or ruthenium for example, catalysts containing nickel, palladium, platinum, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, copper, manganese, tin or ruthenium.
- the content of the above metals of the cobalt, nickel or copper group in the catalyst is at least 5% by weight, particularly preferably at least 20% by weight and very particularly preferably at least 50% by weight, based on the total by weight of all active metals of the catalyst (For metal compounds, eg oxides, only the metal content is considered here). In a particular embodiment, mixtures of the above metals are used.
- Other active metals that can be used with the above metals of the cobalt, nickel or copper group are, for. As manganese, tin, ruthenium or alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
- the hydrogenation catalysts contain cobalt, nickel, copper or mixtures of these three metals in amounts of 5% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight and most preferably at least 50% by weight, based on the weight of all active Metals of the hydrogenation catalyst.
- the above metals may be elemental or as a compound, for. B. are present as oxides.
- catalysts containing metals in their elemental form mention may be made of Raney nickel or Raney cobalt.
- the hydrogenation fixed bed can be arranged in the reactor so that it follows in the flow direction of the reaction mixture directly or, depending on the conditions of the apparatus, at a defined distance to the acidic fixed bed.
- the hydrogenation fixed bed can be introduced into the reactor in any desired manner. In general, it is introduced so that the entire stream of starting materials is passed through the hydrogenation fixed bed.
- the hydrogenation packed bed therefore generally fills the entire flow-through cross-section of the reactor.
- the volume of the hydrogenation fixed bed is preferably selected so that the load of the hydrogenation fixed bed with the mass flow of the carbonyl compound is 0.005 to 50 kg / hour (h), in particular 0.05 to 50 kg / h per liter of the hydrogenation fixed bed.
- the volume of the hydrogenation fixed bed is considered to be the total reactor volume occupied by the hydrogenation fixed bed, including the voids between the particles of the hydrogenation fixed bed.
- the volume of the hydrogenation fixed bed may be greater or smaller than the volume of the acidic fixed bed.
- the volume ratio of the acidic fixed bed to the hydrogenation fixed bed may be, for example, 0.05 to 50, preferably 0.1 to 10.
- the volumes of the acidic fixed bed and hydrogenation fixed bed may be the same or similar, which corresponds to a volume ratio of 0.5 to 2, or 0.8 to 1.25.
- the reaction of the carbonyl compound with the secondary amine and hydrogen may, for. B. at temperatures of 20 to 200 ° C, preferably 40 to 120 ° C, more preferably 60 to 100 ° C take place.
- the implementation can z. B. be carried out at normal pressure or pressure. In a preferred embodiment, it is at elevated pressure z. B. from 1.1 to 200 bar, in particular 5 to 100 bar and most preferably 40 to 100 bar performed.
- the pressure is preferably adjusted by the corresponding pressure of the supplied hydrogen or gas mixture (eg hydrogen and inert gas).
- the reaction product is continuously removed from the reaction zone after flowing through the hydrogenation fixed bed.
- the reaction product may be biphasic.
- an organic phase which contains the 2-chlorodimethylbenzylamine and optionally unreacted 2-chlorobenzaldehyde and optionally by-products.
- the aqueous or hydrophilic phase contains the solvent in which the secondary amine was dissolved (water or a hydrophilic solvent), unreacted secondary amine and any by-products soluble therein.
- the organic phase can be easily separated.
- the purification or separation of the unreacted starting materials (2-chlorobenzaldehyde) may, for. B. by distillation or rectification. Preferably, no solvent is included in the reaction.
- reaction product only an organic, homogeneous phase containing the reaction product, 2-Chlordialkylbenzylamin, optionally unreacted starting materials, 2-chlorobenzaldehyde, and optionally soluble by-products.
- the secondary amine may be separated by distillation or rectification and, if desired, recycled to the reaction. Dimethylamine (boiling point 7 ° C), is volatile at appropriate temperatures and can be particularly easily separated (degassing). If appropriate, the organic phase can be further worked up or purified by distillation or rectification.
- a heated tubular reactor having a length of 200 cm and an inner diameter of about 3.2 cm was filled with a layer of glass beads and then 500 ml of a nickel-, cobalt- and copper-containing catalyst supported on ZrO2. Finally, the reactor was filled with a layer of glass beads.
- the catalyst was activated at 280 ° C while passing 200 l / h of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure for 24 h. After lowering the temperature to 75 ° C and increasing the pressure to 80 bar were from bottom to top per hour 2-chlorobenzaldehyde (100-300 g / h), dimethylamine (320-350 g / h) and hydrogen (60-150 standard liters / h). Samples were taken at regular intervals and analyzed by gas chromatography.
- the catalyst was activated at 280 ° C while passing 200 l / h of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure for 24 h. After lowering the temperature to 75 ° C and increasing the pressure to 80 bar were from bottom to top per hour 2-chlorobenzaldehyde (100-300 g / h), dimethylamine (320-350 g / h) and hydrogen (60-150 Nl / h). Samples were taken at regular intervals and analyzed by gas chromatography.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Procédé d'amination réductrice par mise en réaction d'un composé de carbonyle avec une amine secondaire et de l'hydrogène, caractérisé en ce que la réaction est réalisée en continu et le mélange réactionnel qui contient le composé de carbonyle, l'amine secondaire et l'hydrogène est tout d'abord mis en contact avec un lit fixe acide, puis avec un lit fixe du catalyseur d'hydrogénation (par la suite nommé lit fixe d'hydrogénation), et le composé de carbonyle est un 2-chlorobenzaldéhyde de formule I
l'amine secondaire est une dialkylamine de formule II dans laquelle R1 et R2 représentent chacun indépendamment l'un de l'autre un groupe alkyle en C1 à C10, et il s'agit d'un procédé de fabrication d'une 2-chlorodialkylbenzylamine de formule III dans laquelle R1 et R2 ont la signification précédente. - Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rapport molaire entre le composé de carbonyle et l'amine secondaire est de 1:1 à 1:20.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le lit fixe acide contient du dioxyde de titane, du dioxyde de zirconium, de l'oxyde d'aluminium, du dioxyde de silicium ou des oxydes mixtes d'aluminium et de silicium (zéolithe) ou en est constitué.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le lit fixe acide contient du dioxyde de zirconium ou en est constitué.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le catalyseur d'hydrogénation contient au moins un métal, qui est choisi parmi le nickel, le palladium, le platine, le cobalt, le rhodium, le cuivre ou l'iridium.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le catalyseur d'hydrogénation est un catalyseur supporté.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le chargement du lit fixe acide est de 0,0005 à 500 kg/h de composé de carbonyle par litre du lit fixe acide.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le chargement du lit fixe d'hydrogénation est de 0,005 à 50 kg/h de composé de carbonyle par litre du lit fixe d'hydrogénation.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le rapport volumique entre le lit fixe acide et le lit fixe d'hydrogénation est de 0,1 à 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14155796 | 2014-02-19 | ||
| PCT/EP2015/052028 WO2015124413A1 (fr) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-02-02 | Procédé d'amination réductrice d'aldéhydes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3107891A1 EP3107891A1 (fr) | 2016-12-28 |
| EP3107891B1 true EP3107891B1 (fr) | 2018-09-26 |
Family
ID=50115739
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP15702456.3A Not-in-force EP3107891B1 (fr) | 2014-02-19 | 2015-02-02 | Procédé d'amination réductrice d'aldéhydes |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170057907A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3107891B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2015124413A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018007207A1 (fr) | 2016-07-07 | 2018-01-11 | Basf Se | Procédé de préparation d'amines secondaires cycloaliphatiques |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19627265A1 (de) * | 1996-07-06 | 1998-01-08 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung primärer und/oder sekundärer Amine aus Oxoverbindungen |
| DE10065030A1 (de) * | 2000-12-23 | 2002-07-04 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von 3-Aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamin |
| DE102004023529A1 (de) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-12-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung eines Amins |
| DE102010038310A1 (de) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-01-26 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Diamino-dianhydro-dideoxy-hexitolen, besonders bevorzugt 2,5-Diamino-1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-2,5-Dideoxy-D-Hexitol |
| ES2644568T3 (es) * | 2011-08-04 | 2017-11-29 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Procedimiento para la preparación de N,N-dialquilbencilaminas halogenadas en núcleo |
-
2015
- 2015-02-02 EP EP15702456.3A patent/EP3107891B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-02-02 WO PCT/EP2015/052028 patent/WO2015124413A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2015-02-02 US US15/120,028 patent/US20170057907A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2015124413A1 (fr) | 2015-08-27 |
| EP3107891A1 (fr) | 2016-12-28 |
| US20170057907A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
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