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EP3101221B1 - Système et procédé de canon de perforation à entrée limitée à commande de phase - Google Patents

Système et procédé de canon de perforation à entrée limitée à commande de phase Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3101221B1
EP3101221B1 EP16172914.0A EP16172914A EP3101221B1 EP 3101221 B1 EP3101221 B1 EP 3101221B1 EP 16172914 A EP16172914 A EP 16172914A EP 3101221 B1 EP3101221 B1 EP 3101221B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charges
preferred
perforating
perforating gun
plane
Prior art date
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EP16172914.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3101221A1 (fr
Inventor
John T. Hardesty
James A. Rollins
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Geodynamics Inc
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Geodynamics Inc
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Priority claimed from US14/732,184 external-priority patent/US9845666B2/en
Application filed by Geodynamics Inc filed Critical Geodynamics Inc
Publication of EP3101221A1 publication Critical patent/EP3101221A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/117—Shaped-charge perforators
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to perforation guns that are used in the oil and gas industry to explosively perforate well casing and underground hydrocarbon bearing formations, and more particularly to an improved apparatus for explosively perforating a well casing and its surrounding underground hydrocarbon bearing formation in a preferred fracturing plane.
  • a gun string assembly is positioned in an isolated zone in the wellbore casing.
  • the gun string assembly comprises a plurality of perforating guns coupled to each other either through tandems or subs.
  • the perforating gun is then fired, creating holes through the casing and the cement and into the targeted rock. These perforating holes connect the rock holding the oil and gas and the well bore.
  • Hydrocarbon fracturing tunnels have certain preferred orientations where the effectiveness of extracting oil/gas is greatest i.e., when a perforation is aligned along the tunnels, oil/gas flows though the perforation tunnels without taking an alternate path that may become a restrictive path creating high tortuosity conditions.
  • Fractures will initiate and propagate in the preferred fracture plane of the formation.
  • Oriented perforating systems can be used to more closely align a plane of perforation tunnels with a preferred fracture plane. Misalignment between the preferred fracture plane and perforations in a well can result in significant pressure drop due to tortuosity in the flow path near the wellbore.
  • the perforations that are phased at 90 degrees to the preferred fracture plane create pinch points resulting in pressure loss and high tortuosity in the flow path.
  • Limited entry fracturing is based on the premise that every perforation will be in communication with a hydraulic fracture and will be contributing fluid during the treatment at the pre-determined rate. Therefore, if any perforation does not participate, then the incremental rate per perforation of every other perforation is increased, resulting in higher perforation friction. Therefore, there is a need to angle and space spaced charges to facilitate the limited entry fracturing process to achieve maximum production efficiency.
  • each perforation in limited entry is expected to be involved in the treatment. If all perforations are involved, and the perforations are shot with 60°, 90°, or 120° phasing, multiple fracture planes may be created, leading to substantial near wellbore friction and difficulty in placing the planned fracturing treatment. Therefore, there is a need for minimal multiple fracture initiations that do not create ineffective fracture planes.
  • 4 to 8 perforation holes are shot which will reconnect to the predominant fracturing plane during fracturing treatment. Some of the perforation tunnels cause energy and pressure loss during fracturing treatment which reduces the intended pressure in the fracture tunnels.
  • the fracture to initiate at the top and bottom first that has the least principal stress so that there is enough flow rates to propagate the fracture.
  • a perforating gun that perforates such that the fracture permeates radially to the direction of the wellbore.
  • a wellbore perforating device includes a plurality of shaped charges and a holder that holds the plurality of shaped charges so that upon detonation the charges intersect a common plane extending transversely to the holder.
  • a wellbore perforating device includes a plurality of shaped charges and a holder that holds the plurality of shaped charges so that upon detonation the charges intersect a common plane extending transversely to the holder.
  • Prior art US 8127848A discloses a method of perforating a wellbore by forming a perforation that is aligned with a reservoir characteristic, such as direction of maximum stress, lines of constant formation properties, and the formation dip.
  • the wellbore can be perforated using a perforating system employing a shaped charge, a mechanical device, or a high pressure fluid.
  • the perforating system can be aligned by asymmetric weights, a motor, or manipulation from the wellbore surface.
  • Prior art US 7913758A discloses a method for completing an oil and gas well completion is provided.
  • the perforators (10, 11) may be selected from any known or commonly used perforators and are typically deployed in a perforation gun.
  • the perforators are aligned such that the cutting jets (12, 13) and their associated shockwaves converge towards each other such that their interaction causes increased fracturing of the rock strata.
  • the cutting jets may be also be aligned such that the cutting jets are deliberately caused to collide causing further fracturing of the rock strata.
  • a shaped charge liner with at least two concave regions, whose geometry is selected such that upon the forced collapse of the liner a plurality of cutting jets is formed which jets are convergent or are capable of colliding in the rock strata.
  • a plurality of cutting jets is formed which jets are convergent or are capable of colliding in the rock strata.
  • Prior art US 7303017A discloses a perforating gun assembly (60) for creating communication paths for fluid between a formation (64) and a cased wellbore (66) includes a housing (84), a detonator (86) positioned within the housing (84) and a detonating cord (90) operably associated with the detonator (86).
  • the perforating gun assembly (60) also includes one or more substantially axially oriented collections (92, 94, 96, 98) of shaped charges. Each of the shaped charges in the collections (92, 94, 96, 98) is operably associated with the detonating cord (90).
  • adjacent shaped charges in each collection (92, 94, 96, 98) of shaped charges are oriented to converge toward one another such that upon detonation, the shaped charges in each collection (92, 94, 96, 98) form jets that interact with one another to create perforation cavities in the formation (64).
  • US2013032347 discloses a method for performing a downhole perforating and fracturing operation from a wellbore positioned within a subterranean formation.
  • the method includes locating a perforating gun string within the wellbore, detonating a first perforating gun to create a first discrete fracture initiation site in the formation, repositioning the perforating gun string within the wellbore and detonating a second perforating gun to create a second discrete fracture initiation site in the formation. Thereafter, the method also includes pumping a fracture fluid into the wellbore and propagating a single dominant planar fracture from each of the discrete fracture initiation sites.
  • US4830120 discloses an improved method and apparatus for perforating casing located in a deviated portion of a subterranean well.
  • the direction toward which the explosive charges in the downhole perforating gun are facing upon firing of the gun is accurately controlled by a firing head operatively responsive to a first initiating signal activated from the surface and a second signal automatically generated when the gun is rotationally at a predetermined angular position relative to a vertical plane passing through the central axis of the perforating gun.
  • a rotating device within the gun firing head enables the gun to be rotated for generating the second signal when the gun is positioned below a set packer.
  • the technique of the present invention is reliable yet relatively inexpensive, and minimizes undesirable gravitation of formation sands with formation fluids into the casing.
  • the objectives of the present invention are (among others) to circumvent the deficiencies in the prior art and affect the following objectives:
  • the present invention provides a perforating gun system in a wellbore casing as defined in claim 1. In another aspect, the present invention provides a perforating method as defined in claim 11.
  • the present invention in various embodiments addresses one or more of the above objectives in the following manner.
  • the present invention provides a system that includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charge clusters.
  • GSA gun string assembly
  • the charges are spaced and angled such that, when perforated, they intersect at a preferred fracturing plane.
  • the fractures initiate at least principal stress location in a preferred fracturing plane perpendicular to the wellbore from an upward and downward location of the wellbore. Thereafter, the fractures connect radially about the wellbore in the preferred fracturing plane.
  • the fracture treatment in the preferred fracturing plane creates minimal tortuosity paths for longer extension of fractures that enables efficient oil and gas flow rates during production.
  • the present invention system may be utilized in the context of an overall limited entry phasing perforating method, wherein the phasing perforating gun system as described previously is controlled by a method having the following steps:
  • This invention provides an improved tool (gun) and method of installing shaped charges at variable angles within a carrier assembly in order to cause two or more perforating tunnels to intersect at a prescribed distance outside of the well casing. All known current methods require special tooling that have long and costly lead times and are deficient in actually securing the angle of intercept. Embodiments of tools of the invention help to ensure that the charges collide at the prescribed location outside of the casing.
  • the disclosed apparatus is comprised of a support strip that is welded or otherwise secured into a tubular support. The spacing between each charge on the support can be adjusted and the flat support base can be inserted at various angles within the support member to accurately control the point of intersection.
  • This flat surface provides a solid base for securing the shaped charge and the round tubing provide the structure needed to form a rigid geometric frame.
  • a flat support strip is described and preferred but concave or convex geometries can also be utilized as the support base to optimize charge performance. This system provides an improvement over other known embodiments by securely and accurately focusing the shaped charges at a variable distance into the formation.
  • the perforating tool of this invention comprises; a cylindrical barrel having angled circular cutouts for placement of shaped charges in shape, charge cases; support strips comprising metal strips with a centered hole to receive a shape charge case, wherein the shape charge case has a circumferential projection that will not pass through the hole and provides support for a shaped charge case on the strip; slots cut into the cylindrical barrel to support the edges of the support strips, cut at a predetermined angle to provide location for perforations from the shaped charges.
  • FIG. 1-5 there is illustrated the gun assembly, (100), of an embodiment of the invention.
  • the cylindrical gun body, (130) with the barrel (load tube) (126) disposed inside.
  • the barrel, (126) has multiple precision cut slots, (127) that allow the charge case (124) to be inserted into the barrel (126) and subsequently rest on the support strip (128).
  • the holes may be located on any side of the circumference of the barrel to achieve the desired target perforations.
  • the holes are preferably cut through the barrel wall at an angle perpendicular ( 900 ) to the plane of the orientation of the support strip.
  • a shaped charge case, (124), is disposed in a hole in a support strip ( 128 ), resting on a projection, (135), on the circumference of the charge case (see Figures 5 and 6 ).
  • the shape charge case ( Figure 6 ) has a projection (135) that is larger diameter than the hole in the support strip so that the bottom of this projection ( 135 ) rest on the sided of the hole in the support strip.
  • the charge is connected to a detonating cord (or other detonating means) at (139).
  • the charge case is secured to the support strip ( 128,129 ) by any suitable means.
  • the support strips are metal (preferred) they will be welded into the slots, but they may also be attached by other means such as a strong adhesive, a locking mechanism built into the slots and support strips or any other means that will achieve a secure attachment as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • This arrangement of charge cases securely rested and secured on the support plates, together with the ability to angle the flat plated into the barrel at any desired angle provides the means of relatively simple, precise and reliable angled charge placemat and therefore perforation placement.
  • the barrel is secured in gun body at each end as shown in Figure 1 and 2 ( 125 and 132 ) or by other suitable means within the skill of those skilled in the art.
  • Computer aided laser machining greatly facilitated the precision and reliability of the cuts needed in manufacturing the tools of embodiments of this invention, particularly the barrel cut openings ( 127 ) and the slots for the charge plate.
  • the desired angles are predetermined to achieve the desired perforation intersection pattern and the barrel cuts designed and machined accordingly.
  • the barrel is disposed in a gun body for use in a well bore.
  • the present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 7 (0700), wherein a perforating gun is deployed inside a wellbore casing along with plural shaped charges ( 0707, 0704, 0705, 0706 ) .
  • the plural shaped charges in the gun together may herein be referred to as "cluster".
  • the cluster may comprise two angled charges according to a preferred exemplary embodiment. Limited entry perforation provides an excellent means of diverting fracturing treatments over several zones of interest at a given injection rate. In a given hydrocarbon formation multiple fractures are not efficient as they create tortuous paths for the fracturing fluid and therefore results in a loss of pressure and energy.
  • a more efficient method and system is isolating 80 zones with more clusters and using 2 or 4 shaped charges per cluster while perforating to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane. Based on the geology of the hydrocarbon, a preferred fracturing plane may be determined. It has been found in field studies that the preferred fracturing plane is perpendicular to the wellbore casing orientation.
  • the preferred perforating plane ( 0710 ) is transversely perpendicular to the wellbore orientation ( 0720 ).
  • the wellbore orientation ( 0720 ) may be at slight angle to the horizontal. The slight angle may be within a range of +- 30 degrees.
  • increasing the number of fracturing zones with an increasing number of clusters while limiting the shaped charges to 2 or 4 per cluster provides for better efficiency in fracturing a preferred fracturing plane.
  • Conventional perforating systems use 12-15 shaped charges per cluster while perforating in a 60/90/120 degrees or a 0/180 degrees phasing. This creates multiple fractures planes that are not efficient for fracturing treatment as the fracturing fluid follows a tortuous path while leaking energy/pressure intended for each fracture. Creating minimum number of multiple fractures near the wellbore is desired so that energy is primarily focused on the preferred fracturing plane than leaking off or losing energy to undesired fractures.
  • orienting limited number of shaped charges per cluster that intersect at a preferred fracturing plane creates longer extension of fractures as a result of minimal tortuosity and minimal multiple fracture initiations.
  • 6 charges may be radially positioned around the gun such that they perforate in the same plane. But, the configuration requires smaller charges and larger diameter guns. Due to the physical limitations of charge effectiveness and perforating gun diameter, it may be desirable to limit the shaped charges to 2 or 4 per cluster.
  • Such a system would enable fracturing fluid to go down the length of the perforation tunnel and intersect at a place where the fracture is created while connecting to the fracture below to create a least tortuous path.
  • 60 to 80 clusters with 2 or 4 charges per cluster may be used in a wellbore completion to achieve maximum efficiency during oil and gas production.
  • a perforating gun string assembly may be deployed and positioned in the isolated stage.
  • the GSA may include a string of perforating guns such as gun ( 0700 ) mechanically coupled to each other through tandems or subs or transfers.
  • gun ( 0700 ) mechanically coupled to each other through tandems or subs or transfers.
  • the GSA may position on the bottom surface of the casing due to gravity.
  • the GSA may orient itself such that the charges ( 0707, 0704, 0705, 0706 ) inside a charge holder tube (CHT) are angularly oriented.
  • the charges may be oriented with a metal strip ( 0702 ) as aforementioned.
  • an internal pivot support is shaped as a gimbal to suspend the charges so that they are angularly oriented towards the preferred fracturing plane.
  • the spacing between the spaced charges may be equal or unequal depending on distance required to achieve the desired orientation.
  • the charges are spaced equally at 3 inches apart.
  • space charge ( 0703 ) and space charge ( 0704 ) are positioned at a distance ( 0709 ) of 3 inches.
  • the spacing between the space charges may range from 1 inch to 20 inches.
  • two space charges ( 0703, 0705 ) are angularly oriented downwards ("downward charges”) and two space charges (0704, 0706) are angularly oriented upwards (“upward charges”).
  • the angle of the upward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane (0710) at an upward initiation point ( 0711 ).
  • the upward charge ( 0704 ) is oriented at an angle ( 0707 ) of 13 degrees to the preferred fracturing plane (0710) and the upward charge ( 0706 ) is oriented at an angle ( 0708 ) of 35 degrees to the preferred fracturing plane ( 0710 ).
  • the angle of the upward charge to the preferred fracturing plane ( 0710 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the angle of the downward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane (0710) at a downward initiation point ( 0712 ).
  • the downward charge ( 0703 ) is oriented at an angle of 35 degrees to the preferred fracturing plane (0710) and the downward charge ( 0705 ) is oriented at an angle of 13 degrees to the preferred fracturing plane ( 0710 ) .
  • the angle of the downward charge to the preferred fracturing plane (0710) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a longitudinal axis of said perforating gun ( 0700 ) .
  • the distance from downward initiation point ( 0712 ) to an intersecting point ( 0713 ) may be equal to the distance from upward initiation point ( 0711 ) to the intersecting point ( 0713 ) .
  • the two upward charges are positioned at two ends of the cluster and the two downward charges are positioned between the upward charges.
  • the charges are arranged such that at least two of the charges with same orientation are in between at least two of the charges with opposite orientation.
  • the upward charges ( 0804, 0806 ) are positioned at the two ends of the cluster and the downward charges ( 0803, 0805 ) are positioned in between the upward charges.
  • the downward charges ( 0803, 0805 ) may be positioned at the two ends of the cluster and the upward charges ( 0804, 0806 ) are positioned in between the downward charges.
  • the angle of the upward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane ( 0810 ) at an upward initiation point ( 0811 ) .
  • the angle of the downward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane ( 0810 ) at a downward initiation point ( 0812 ).
  • the upward charges are oriented at a 52 degree angle to the wellbore orientation ( 0820 ). As generally illustrated in FIG. 8 ( 0800 ) , upward charge ( 0804 ) is angled at 52 degrees to the wellbore orientation ( 0820 ). Similarly, upward charge ( 0806 ) is angled ( 0807 ) at 52 degrees to the wellbore orientation ( 0820 ) .
  • the angle of the upward charge to the wellbore orientation ( 0810 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the downward charges are oriented at a 13 degree angle ( 0808 ) to the wellbore orientation.
  • the angle of the downward charge to the wellbore orientation ( 0810 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a longitudinal axis of said perforating gun ( 0800 ) .
  • the distance from downward initiation point ( 0812 ) to an intersecting point ( 0813 ) may be equal to the distance from upward initiation point ( 0811 ) to the intersecting point ( 0813 ).
  • the orientation of the shaped charges are shown for illustration purposes only. One ordinarily skilled in the art would choose an angle such the charges intersect at a preferred fracturing plane.
  • FIG. 9 shows multiple fracture zones ( 0902 ) fractured with oriented shaped charges perforated with angularly oriented charges intersecting at a preferred fracturing plane according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • a gun string assembly GSA
  • the perforating gun system as aforementioned perforates a stage with the oriented charges that intersect at preferred fracturing plane ( 0910 ) .
  • the preferred fracturing plane (0910) is almost transversely perpendicular to the orientation ( 0920 ) of the well bore.
  • the preferred fracturing plane ( 0910 ) may be at a slight offset angle to the transversely perpendicular orientation.
  • the slight offset angle may be within a range of +- 45 degrees.
  • the fracturing plane ( 0910 ) may be at angle of 80 degrees to the well bore orientation.
  • the fracturing plane ( 0910 ) may be at angle of 45 degrees to the well bore orientation.
  • the fracturing plane ( 0910 ) may be at angle of 90 degrees (transversely perpendicular) to the well bore orientation.
  • a fracturing fluid is then pumped at high pressures so that the fracture fluid extends the fractures to the maximum extent in the preferred perforating orientation.
  • the extent of the fracture length extending radially outward from the wellbore casing may be 1000 feet according to a preferred exemplary embodiment.
  • the present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 10 ( 1000 ), wherein a perforating gun is deployed inside a wellbore casing along with plural shaped charges ( 1003, 1004 ) .
  • the plural shaped charges in the gun together may herein be referred to as "cluster". Even though two charges have been shown in the Fig. 10 ( 1000 ) , the cluster may comprise four angled charges according to a preferred exemplary embodiment.
  • the preferred perforating plane ( 1010 ) may be transversely perpendicular to the wellbore orientation ( 1020 ) .
  • the wellbore orientation ( 1020 ) may be at slight angle to the horizontal.
  • orienting limited number of shaped charges per cluster that intersect at a preferred fracturing plane creates longer extension of fractures as a result of minimal tortuosity and minimal multiple fracture initiations.
  • the orientation of the shaped charges may be such that when perforating, the upward charge ( 1003 ) creates a preferred upward fracture initiation point ( 1011 ) in the fracture tunnels and downward charge ( 1004 ) creates a preferred downward fracture initiation point ( 1012 ) in fracture tunnels.
  • the preferred upward fracture initiation point ( 1011 ) and preferred downward fracture initiation point ( 1012 ) may lie in same preferred fracture plane.
  • preferred upward fracture initiation point ( 1002 ) and preferred downward fracture initiation point ( 1005 ) may be created by the charges to create desired fracture initiation length for efficient fracture and minimal tortuosity conditions.
  • the length of the preferred fracture initiation may be customized by orienting the charges at a desired angle. For example, upward charge ( 1003 ) could be angled ( 1007 ) to initiate a preferred fracture initiation point ( 1011 ) in the preferred fracture plane ( 1010 ) .
  • downward charge ( 1004 ) could be angled ( 1008 ) to initiate a preferred fracture initiation point (1012) in the preferred fracture plane ( 1010 ) .
  • preferred fracture initiation points may be created at select distances in the preferred fracture plane in order to efficiently fracture the tunnels with minimum tortuosity.
  • the upward charge and the downward charge may be oriented within 1 degree to 75 degrees to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1010 ) .
  • the distance from the preferred upward fracture initiation point ( 1011 ) to the intersecting longitudinal axis point ( 1013 ) may be equal to the distance from the preferred downward fracture initiation point (1012) to the intersecting longitudinal axis point ( 1013 ) .
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a longitudinal axis of the perforating gun.
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a centerline of the well bore casing.
  • the centerline of the well bore casing and the longitudinal axis of the perforating gun may the same.
  • the centerline of the well bore casing may be higher than the longitudinal axis of the perforating gun.
  • a preferred exemplary phasing wellbore perforation method with angularly oriented shaped charges may be generally described in terms of the following steps:
  • 3-shot indicates 3 charges positioned in a perforating gun wherein the numeric indicates the number of charges positioned in the perforating gun.
  • a 6-shot configuration indicates 6 charges positioned in the perforating gun.
  • the term asymmetric as used herein indicates an unequal number of charges orienting upwards versus charges orienting downwards. For example, 2 charges orienting upwards and 1 charge orienting downwards is asymmetric. Similarly, 3 charges orienting upwards and 2 charges orienting downwards may be considered as asymmetric.
  • the terms "preferred perforating plane” and "preferred fracturing plane” may be used interchangeably.
  • the present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 12 , wherein a perforating gun ( 1205 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1204 ) along with a plurality of shaped charges ( 1201, 1202, 1211 ) .
  • a front cross section view ( 1210 ) , a perspective view ( 1220 ) , another front view (1230) and side view (end view) ( 1240 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 12 .
  • the preferred perforating plane ( 1206 ) may be transversely perpendicular to the wellbore orientation. According to a preferred exemplary embodiment, the wellbore orientation may be at slight angle to the horizontal.
  • a perforating gun string assembly may be deployed and positioned in the isolated stage.
  • the GSA may include a string of perforating guns such as gun ( 1205 ) mechanically coupled to each other through tandems or subs or transfers.
  • gun 1205
  • the GSA may position on the bottom surface of the casing due to gravity.
  • the GSA may orient itself such that the charges ( 1201, 1202, 1211) inside a charge holder tube (CHT) are angularly oriented.
  • the charges may be oriented with a metal strip as aforementioned.
  • an internal pivot support is shaped as a gimbal to suspend the charges so that they are angularly oriented towards the preferred fracturing plane.
  • the spacing between the spaced charges ( 1201, 1202, 1211 ) may be equal or unequal depending on distance required to achieve the desired orientation.
  • two charges ( 1201, 1202 ) are oriented in the upward direction and one charge ( 1211 ) is oriented in the downward direction. When perforating, the charges are oriented such that they intersect in a preferred perforating plane ( 1206 ) .
  • Upward charges ( 1201, 1202 ) intersect at a preferred initiation point ( 1208 ) the preferred fracture plane (1206), while downward charge intersect the preferred fracture plane ( 1206 ) at the initiation point ( 1207 ) .
  • the perforation hole (upward hole) created by the upward charge is generally smaller than the perforation hole (downward hole) created by the downward charge. Therefore, during production the pressure drop is smaller in the upward direction than in the downward direction. Consequently, when oil and gas are extracted, more oil and gas is extracted from the bottom hole than the upward hole creating asymmetric fluid flow.
  • 2 charges may be oriented upwards and one charge oriented downwards.
  • an asymmetric arrangement of charges in a perforating gun with more charges orienting and perforating in one direction than the other allows for a substantially balanced fluid flow in all directions during production.
  • FIG. 13 Similar to the 3-shot asymmetric intersection configuration as aforementioned in FIG. 12 , a 6-shot asymmetric intersection configuration is generally illustrated in FIG. 13 , wherein a perforating gun ( 1305 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1304 ) along with a plurality of charges ( 1301, 1302, 1303, 1311, 1312, 1313).
  • a front cross section view ( 1310 ) , a perspective view (1320), another front view ( 1330 ) and side view (end view) ( 1340 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 13 .
  • the preferred perforating plane ( 1306 ) may be transversely perpendicular to the wellbore orientation.
  • four charges are oriented in the upward direction and two charges ( 1311, 1312 ) are oriented in the downward direction.
  • the charges are oriented such that they intersect in a preferred perforating plane ( 1306 ) .
  • Upward charges ( 1301, 1302, 1303, 1313 ) intersect at a preferred initiation point ( 1308 ) in the preferred fracture plane ( 1306 )
  • downward charges (1311, 1312) intersect the preferred fracture plane ( 1306 ) at the initiation point ( 1307 ) .
  • the perforation hole (upward hole) created by the upward charges is generally smaller than the perforation hole (downward hole) created by the downward charges.
  • 4 charges may be oriented upwards and two charges oriented downwards.
  • an asymmetric arrangement of charges in a perforating gun with more charges orienting and perforating in one direction than the other allows for a substantially balanced fluid flow in all directions during production.
  • any configuration with the upward charges and the downward charges may be utilized to intersect the preferred fracturing plane at a multiple preferred initiation points.
  • 5 charges may be oriented upwards and one charge oriented downwards in a 6-shot configuration.
  • a 5-shot configuration with 3 charges oriented upwards and two charges oriented downwards may be utilized.
  • the number of charges may range from 3 to 12 depending on the need to achieve the desired preferred fracture initiation points in the preferred fracturing planes.
  • FIG. 14a The present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 14a , wherein a perforating gun ( 1405 ) is deployed inside a wellbore casing ( 1404 ) along with a plurality of shaped charges ( 1401, 1402, 1411, 1412 ) .
  • a front cross section view ( 1410 ) , a perspective view ( 1420 ) , another front view ( 1430 ) and side view (end view) ( 1440 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 14a .
  • two space charges ( 1411 , 1412 ) are angularly oriented downwards ("downward charges”) and two space charges ( 1401 , 1402) are angularly oriented upwards (“upward charges”).
  • the angle of the upward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane (1406) at an upward initiation point ( 1408 ) .
  • the angle of the upward charge to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1406 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the angle of the downward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane ( 1406 ) at a downward initiation point ( 1407 ) .
  • the angle of the downward charge to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1406 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a longitudinal axis of said perforating gun ( 1405 ) .
  • the distance from downward initiation point ( 1407 ) to a longitudinal axis of the perforating gun ( 1405 ) may be equal to the distance from upward initiation point ( 1408 ) to the longitudinal axis of the perforating gun ( 1405 ) .
  • FIG. 14b generally illustrates a detonating cord ( 1414 ) that is connected to each of the space charges ( 1401, 1402, 1411, 1412 ) .
  • the cord length is shorter as compared to other configurations as illustrated in FIG. 7 ( 0700 ) and FIG. 8 ( 0800 ) .
  • a reduction in cord length is more than 10% with a configuration wherein the charges oriented upwards are contiguously placed and the charges oriented downwards are contiguously placed.
  • FIG. 15 The present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 15 , wherein a perforating gun ( 1505 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1504 ) along with a plurality of shaped charges ( 1501, 1502, 1503, 1511, 1512, 1513).
  • a front cross section view ( 1510 ) , a perspective view ( 1520 ) , another front view ( 1530 ) and side view (end view) ( 1540 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 15 .
  • three space charges ( 1511, 1512, 1513 ) are angularly oriented downwards ("downward charges”) and three space charges (1501, 1502, 1503) are angularly oriented upwards (“upward charges”).
  • the angle of the upward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane ( 1506 ) at an upward initiation point ( 1508 ) .
  • the angle of the upward charge to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1506 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the angle of the downward charges may be such that they are oriented to intersect at a preferred fracturing plane ( 1506 ) at a downward initiation point ( 1507 ) .
  • the angle of the downward charge to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1506 ) may range from 1 degree to 75 degrees.
  • the upward initiation point and the downward initiation point are equidistant from a longitudinal axis of said perforating gun ( 1505 ) .
  • the distance from downward initiation point (1507) to a longitudinal axis of the perforating gun ( 1505 ) may be equal to the distance from upward initiation point ( 1508 ) to the longitudinal axis of the perforating gun ( 1505 ) .
  • any configuration with the upward charges and the downward charges may be utilized to intersect the preferred fracturing plane at a multiple preferred initiation points.
  • 4 charges may be oriented upwards and 4 charges oriented downwards in an 8-shot configuration.
  • a 10-shot configuration with 5 charges oriented upwards and 5 charges oriented downwards may be utilized.
  • the number of charges may range from 4 to 16 depending on the need to achieve the desired preferred fracture initiation points in the preferred fracturing planes.
  • FIG. 16 The present invention may be seen in more detail as generally illustrated in FIG. 16 , wherein a perforating gun ( 1605 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1604 ) along with a plurality of shaped charges ( 1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613).
  • a front cross section view ( 1610 ) , a perspective view ( 1620 ) , another front view ( 1630 ) and side view (end view) ( 1640 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 16 .
  • the configuration is intended for dominant oriented perforating, with 2 shots up and 2 shots down, which nevertheless has perforations phased off of the up and down axis for robustness.
  • two upward oriented charges ( 1602, 1603) intersect at a preferred initiation point ( 1608 ) in the preferred fracturing plane ( 1606 )
  • another upward oriented charge ( 1613 ) intersects the preferred fracturing plane ( 1606 ) at another preferred initiation point (1617 )
  • two downward oriented charges ( 1611, 1612 ) intersect at a preferred initiation point ( 1607 ) in the preferred fracturing plane ( 1606 )
  • another downward oriented charge ( 1601 ) intersects the preferred fracturing plane ( 1606 ) at another preferred initiation point ( 1618 ) .
  • the present invention for an exemplary 6-shot intersecting hybrid phased configuration may be more generally illustrated in FIG. 17 , wherein a perforating gun ( 1705 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1704 ) along with a plurality of shaped charges ( 1701, 1702, 1703, 1711, 1712, 1713 ) .
  • a front cross section view ( 1710 ) , a perspective view ( 1720 ) , another front view ( 1730 ) and side view (end view) ( 1740 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 17 In the 6-shot hybrid phased configuration illustrated in FIG.
  • three upward oriented charges may create preferred initiation points ( 1707, 1708, 1709) at a small angle to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1706 ) .
  • upward charge ( 1701 ) may intersect PFP (1706) at a slight angle to the PFP (1706) at preferred initiation point ( 1707 )
  • upward charge (1702) may intersect PFP (1706) directly without an spread angle at the preferred initiation point ( 1708 )
  • upward charge ( 1703 ) may intersect PFP (1706) at a spread angle to the PFP (1706) at preferred initiation point ( 1708 ) .
  • the aforementioned spread angle may range from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
  • a broader initiation point is created by interesting a preferred fracturing plane at multiple preferred initiation points with a spread angle.
  • the broader initiation point may be achieved by the 3 preferred initiation points ( 1707, 1708, 1709 ) at a slight spread angle ( 1722 ) to each other.
  • three upward oriented charges (1711, 1712, 1713) may create preferred initiation points ( 1717, 1718, 1719 ) at a small angle to the preferred fracturing plane ( 1706 ) .
  • Fig. 18 generally illustrates an exemplary 6-shot intersecting hybrid phased configuration with a greater spread angle ( 1822 ) compared to the spread angle ( 1722 ) configuration illustrated in FIG. 17 .
  • the spread angle ranges from 0 degrees to 90 degrees.
  • the number of charges in the perforating gun may range from 2 to 12 to create a greater spread angle.
  • the present invention for an exemplary 2-shot non-intersecting configuration may be generally illustrated in FIG. 19 , wherein a perforating gun (1905) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 1904 ) along with charges ( 1901, 1902).
  • a front cross section view ( 1910 ) , side view ( 1920 ) , and a perspective view ( 1930 ) is generally illustrated in FIG. 19 .
  • the charges may not require orientation with a mechanical support system.
  • the decentralization of perforating gun with respect to the wellbore casing enables to offset the angle of the charges.
  • the decentralization of the perforating gun offsets the angle of the charges such that they all terminate at the same distance from the wellbore.
  • charge ( 1901 ) and charge ( 1902 ) terminate at preferred initiation point ( 1908 ) and preferred initiation point ( 1907 ) .
  • the initiation points ( 1907, 1908 ) may be at the same distance from the wellbore.
  • FIG. 20 Similar to the 2-shot configuration illustrated in FIG. 19 , a 3-shot non-intersecting configuration is illustrated in more detail in FIG. 20 .
  • one charge lies directly along the preferred perforation plane.
  • charge (2003) lies in the preferred perforation plane ( 2006 ) .
  • the other two charges (2001, 2002) are angled such that they terminate at the same distance from the wellbore.
  • FIG. 21 ( 2100 ) illustrates a 4-shot non-intersecting configuration wherein 4 charges are positioned in the perforating gun.
  • FIG. 22 ( 2200 ) illustrates a 5-shot non-intersecting configuration wherein 5 charges are positioned in the perforating gun.
  • FIG. 23 ( 2300 ) illustrates a 6-shot non-intersecting configuration wherein 6 charges are positioned in the perforating gun.
  • FIG. 24 (2400) illustrates a 7-shot non-intersecting configuration wherein 7 charges are positioned in the perforating gun. It should be noted that the number of charges in FIG. 19 - FIG. 24 are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as a limitation.
  • the perforating gun may comprise from 2 charges to 12 charges, when perforating, the charges intersect a preferred perforating plane but do interest with each other.
  • FIG. 25 The present invention of an exemplary 5-shot non-intersecting hybrid charge configuration is generally illustrated in FIG. 25 , wherein a perforating gun ( 2505 ) is positioned inside a wellbore casing ( 2504 ) along with energetic charges ( 2501, 2502, 2503, 2511, 2512 ) .
  • a front cross section view ( 2510 ) , a perspective view ( 2520 ) , another front view ( 2530 ) and side view (end view) (2540) is generally illustrated in FIG. 25 .
  • the charges include multiple charge designs such as big hole, deep penetration, good hole, reactive, conventional and combinations thereof.
  • One or more of the charges could be of a different design in order to place a larger hole on the high side of the casing to feed the fracture fluid or a deeper penetration on the lower side. Illustrated in FIG.25 is a 5-shot systems with a big hole design charge ( 2503 ) facing upward. It should be appreciated that this concept can be applied to any other phasing or system, and that 3 or more charge designs could be incorporated into a single system. For example in a 7-shot design 2 charges may be big hole, 2 charges may be deep penetration and 3 charges may be good hole design. In the 5-shot hybrid configuration illustrated in FIG.
  • charges charges ( 2501, 2502, 2511, 2512 ) intersect at a preferred initiation points ( 2507, 2508, 2517, 2518 ) in the preferred fracturing plane ( 2506 )
  • upward oriented big hole design charge ( 2503 ) intersects the preferred fracturing plane ( 2506 ) at another preferred initiation point ( 2509 )
  • the penetration depth into the preferred fracturing plane of the big hole charge ( 2503 ) may be shorter than the other charges ( 2501, 2502, 2511, 2512).
  • a combination of charge designs incorporated into the perforating gun design enables perforations with varying penetration depths and bigger holes in the gun such that the fluid flow during production is substantially equal in all directions.
  • the ballistic properties of the charge designs in the perforating gun are similar to each other. According to yet another preferred exemplary embodiment, the ballistic properties of the charge designs in the perforating gun are different to each other. Similar to the 5-shot configuration in FIG. 25 , an exemplary 7-shot non-intersecting hybrid charge configuration is generally illustrated in FIG. 26 ( 2600 ).
  • FIG. 27 The present invention of a 6-shot intersecting and 7-shot intersecting configuration front section view is generally illustrated in more detail in FIG. 27 ( 2700 ) , wherein a perforating gun ( 2701 ) and another perforating gun (2702) is positioned inside a wellbore casing.
  • a gun string assembly may comprise a plurality of perforating guns each carrying the same or different number of perforating charges.
  • perforating gun ( 2701 ) carries 7 charges and perforating gun (2702) carries 6 charges.
  • the charges in the perforating guns are configured to intersect a preferred perforating plane.
  • the number of charges in the perforating guns may be configured to achieve optimal preferred initiation points based on the geologic formation and penetration depths required. It should be noted that the number of charges shown in perforating gun ( 2701 ) and perforating gun ( 2702 ) are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as a limitation. In order to achieve optimal fluid flow during production each of the perforating guns may be configured with a plurality of charges ranging from 2-12 and each charge may be same or different type.
  • a gun string assembly may comprise a plurality of perforating guns each carrying the same or different type of charges.
  • perforating gun ( 2801 ) carries 7 charges that intersect a preferred perforating plane but do not intersect at a preferred initiation point.
  • perforating gun ( 2802 ) carries 6 charges that intersect a preferred perforating plane and also intersect at an upward preferred initiation point and a downward preferred initiation point.
  • the charges in the perforating guns are configured to intersect a preferred perforating plane.
  • the number of charges in the perforating guns may be configured to achieve optimal preferred initiation points based on the geologic formation and penetration depths required.
  • perforating gun (2801) and perforating gun ( 2802 ) are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as a limitation.
  • each of the perforating guns may be configured with a plurality of charges ranging from 2-12 and each charge may be same or different type.
  • the present invention system anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of phasing perforating gun orienting system in a wellbore casing comprising a plurality of upwardly oriented shaped charges (upward charges) and a plurality of downwardly oriented shaped charges (downward charges) wherein:
  • the present invention method anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of implementation, but can be generalized as a limited entry phasing perforating gun method wherein the method is performed on a phasing perforating gun system comprising a plurality of upwardly oriented shaped charges (upward charges) and a plurality of downwardly oriented shaped charges (downward charges) wherein:
  • the present invention anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of oil and gas extraction.
  • the examples presented previously do not represent the entire scope of possible usages. They are meant to cite a few of the almost limitless possibilities.
  • This basic system and method may be augmented with a variety of ancillary embodiments, including but not limited to:
  • the present invention system anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of a perforating gun system in a wellbore casing comprising a plurality of charges wherein, the plurality of charges are configured to initiate a plurality of preferred initiation points during perforating and the plurality of preferred initiation points intersect a preferred fracturing plane.
  • the present invention method anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of implementation, but can be generalized as a perforating method using a perforating gun system in a wellbore casing; the system comprising a plurality of charges wherein, the plurality of charges are configured to initiate a plurality of preferred initiation points during perforating; and the plurality of preferred initiation points intersect a preferred fracturing plane; wherein the method comprises the steps of:
  • the present invention anticipates a wide variety of variations in the basic theme of oil and gas extraction.
  • the examples presented previously do not represent the entire scope of possible usages. They are meant to cite a few of the almost limitless possibilities.
  • This basic system and method may be augmented with a variety of ancillary embodiments, including but not limited to:
  • a limited entry perforating phasing gun system and method for accurate perforation in a deviated/horizontal wellbore has been disclosed.
  • the system/method includes a gun string assembly (GSA) deployed in a wellbore with shaped charge clusters.
  • GSA gun string assembly
  • the charges are spaced and angled such that, when perforated, they intersect at a preferred fracturing plane.
  • the fractures initiate at least principal stress location in a preferred fracturing plane perpendicular to the wellbore from an upward and downward location of the wellbore. Thereafter, the fractures connect radially about the wellbore in the preferred fracturing plane.
  • the fracture treatment in the preferred fracturing plane creates minimal tortuosity paths for longer extension of fractures that enables efficient oil and gas flow rates during production.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
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  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Système de canon de perforation dans un tubage de puits de forage (1604) comprenant une pluralité de charges de forme conique (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613), dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont configurées de manière à amorcer une pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) pendant la perforation; ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) coupent un plan de fracture préféré (1606); et au moins un de ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) est situé sensiblement dans ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606), dans lequel au moins un de ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) s'étend transversalement à partir d'un axe longitudinal dudit canon de perforation (1605) dans une direction autre que transversalement vers le haut et transversalement vers le bas à partir dudit axe longitudinal.
  2. Système de canon de perforation selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606) est presque transversalement perpendiculaire à une orientation dudit tubage de puits de forage (1604).
  3. Système de canon de perforation selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel des orientations de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont à commande de phase de façon soit uniforme soit non uniforme autour de l'axe longitudinal dudit canon de perforation (1605).
  4. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins un des principes suivants s'applique:
    les distances séparant ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) d'un axe longitudinal dudit canon de perforation (1605) ne sont pas égales; et/ou
    au moins un de ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) se situe à un angle d'écartement par rapport audit plan de fracture préféré (1606).
  5. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) est située dans ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606).
  6. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont positionnées de telle sorte qu'un espacement entre deux charges adjacentes de ladite pluralité de charges est soit le même, soit différent.
  7. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) ne sont pas orientées par une bande mécanique.
  8. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les propriétés balistiques de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont soit sensiblement similaires, soit différentes les unes aux/des autres.
  9. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont sélectionnées dans un groupe comprenant: des charges pour gros trou, pour pénétration profonde, pour un trou intermédiaire, des charges réactives ou des charges conventionnelles.
  10. Système de canon de perforation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont orientées avec un pivot; ledit pivot étant attaché intérieurement audit canon de perforation (1605) .
  11. Procédé de perforation (1100) qui utilise un système de canon de perforation dans un tubage de puits de forage (1604);
    ledit système comprenant une pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613), dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges sont configurées de manière à amorcer une pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) pendant la perforation; et ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés coupent un plan de fracture préféré (1606);
    dans lequel ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes:
    (1) positionner (1101) ledit système de concert avec ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) dans ledit tubage de puits de forage (1604) ;
    (2) orienter (1102) au moins une de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) dans une direction souhaitée; et
    (3) perforer (1103) avec au moins une de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) une formation d'hydrocarbure de telle sorte qu'au moins un de ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) soit situé sensiblement dans ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606), dans lequel au moins un de ladite pluralité de points d'amorçage préférés (1607, 1608, 1617, 1618) s'étend transversalement à partir d'un axe longitudinal dudit canon de perforation (1605) dans une direction autre que transversalement vers le haut et transversalement vers le bas à partir dudit axe longitudinal.
  12. Procédé de perforation (1100) selon la revendication 11, dans lequel au moins une de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) est configurée de manière à être orientée dans une direction vers le haut par rapport à une orientation dudit tubage de puits de forage (1604), et au moins une de ladite pluralité de charges est configurée de manière à être orientée dans une direction vers le bas par rapport à ladite orientation dudit tubage de puits de forage (1604).
  13. Procédé de perforation (1100) selon la revendication 11 ou la revendication, 12 dans lequel au moins deux de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont orientées de telle sorte que lors de la perforation, au moins deux de ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) se coupent à un seul point d'amorçage préféré dans ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606).
  14. Procédé de perforation (1100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 13, dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont orientées de telle sorte que lors de la perforation, ladite pluralité de charges ne se coupent pas à un seul point d'amorçage préféré dans ledit plan de fracture préféré (1606).
  15. Procédé de perforation (1100) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, dans lequel ladite pluralité de charges (1601, 1602, 1603, 1611, 1612, 1613) sont orientées avec un pivot; ledit pivot étant attaché intérieurement audit canon de perforation (1605) .
EP16172914.0A 2015-06-05 2016-06-03 Système et procédé de canon de perforation à entrée limitée à commande de phase Active EP3101221B1 (fr)

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US14/732,184 US9845666B2 (en) 2014-02-08 2015-06-05 Limited entry phased perforating gun system and method

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CN112393656A (zh) * 2020-11-11 2021-02-23 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 一种多点式聚能爆破装药结构
CN112696185A (zh) * 2021-01-28 2021-04-23 太原理工大学 一种复合爆破高能气体定向精准压裂方法
US12359541B2 (en) * 2022-09-30 2025-07-15 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Interstitial spacing of perforating system

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MX384288B (es) 2025-03-14
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CN106246145B (zh) 2019-09-13
CA2931918A1 (fr) 2016-12-05

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