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EP3174416B1 - Casque de sécurité - Google Patents

Casque de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3174416B1
EP3174416B1 EP15762703.5A EP15762703A EP3174416B1 EP 3174416 B1 EP3174416 B1 EP 3174416B1 EP 15762703 A EP15762703 A EP 15762703A EP 3174416 B1 EP3174416 B1 EP 3174416B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
helmet
air
padding
cap
channels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15762703.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3174416A1 (fr
Inventor
Ivan Matteo ALBANI
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3174416A1 publication Critical patent/EP3174416A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3174416B1 publication Critical patent/EP3174416B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/28—Ventilating arrangements
    • A42B3/281—Air ducting systems
    • A42B3/283—Air inlets or outlets, with or without closure shutters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/0493—Aerodynamic helmets; Air guiding means therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/124—Cushioning devices with at least one corrugated or ribbed layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/10—Linings
    • A42B3/12—Cushioning devices
    • A42B3/125—Cushioning devices with a padded structure, e.g. foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/18—Face protection devices
    • A42B3/22—Visors
    • A42B3/24—Visors with means for avoiding fogging or misting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/28—Ventilating arrangements
    • A42B3/281—Air ducting systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/28—Ventilating arrangements
    • A42B3/286—Ventilating arrangements with forced flow, e.g. by a fan

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a safety helmet.
  • the present invention relates to a safety helmet, such as e.g. a motorcycle helmet, a bicycle helmet, or a yard helmet, having features that allow a sensible implementation of air circulation on the inside, so as to increase the comfort level of the person wearing it.
  • a safety helmet such as e.g. a motorcycle helmet, a bicycle helmet, or a yard helmet, having features that allow a sensible implementation of air circulation on the inside, so as to increase the comfort level of the person wearing it.
  • helmets of the type specified fulfill the important function of protecting the head from possible injuries due to impact or objects falling from above.
  • said known helmets consist of a rigid outer shell, of an inner part with anatomical shape for the fit, made of material (e.g. expanded polystyrene (EPS) or the like) suitable for absorbing and deadening the force of impact resulting from impact, that is from bodies falling from above, and also of a layer, made of more or less soft material depending on needs, arranged in contact with the scalp; more specifically, within the scope of modern motorcycle, bicycle and automobile helmets, the latter layer can be extracted from the helmet itself, in order to be easily washed and sanitized.
  • material e.g. expanded polystyrene (EPS) or the like
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • the human body takes advantage of the removal of heat given by the evaporation of the sweat for the purposes of automatically adjusting the surface temperature of the skin and scalp.
  • An essential condition for this to occur is the exposure of the skin and of the scalp to an environment capable of absorbing the vapors generated by the changing state of the sweat from liquid to gaseous.
  • One of the main drawbacks encountered in using helmets or other known rigid head protections lies in that it limits or prevents the natural aeration of the scalp, which is moreover one of the areas of the body provided with the greatest quantity of sweat glands, thus limiting or preventing the evaporation of the sweat.
  • said helmets in order to promote air circulation and to generate a sensation of increased comfort and refreshment in the person, may be provided with ventilation holes and, in certain variants, with canalizations made by means of top grooves arranged longitudinally and/or transversally, obtained in the related anatomically shaped inner part, which is advantageously located inside the shell.
  • said padding is made with a layer of soft material such as sponge rubber or the like, which is in turn covered with fabric which, due to its increased deformability, makes the fit comfortable.
  • a further drawback has been found, in said know helmets, in the presence of openings in said padding that allow the air flows to come into direct contact with the head of the person wearing said helmet, exposing said openings such as ventilation holes or grooves to the intrusion of hair, at least partially occluding said sections for the air flows to run through.
  • a further drawback of the padding of said known helmets, which provide said canalizations by means of more or less soft materials and covering fabrics, is that they have a structure that is difficult to access for inspection and cleaning.
  • said traditional paddings in particular when they are in environments characterized by particularly hot climates, are impregnated with sweat, which becomes stagnant without the possibility to transpire for almost the entire period in which the helmet is worn by the person, in state of use, promoting the proliferation of bacterial loads.
  • JP2001089926 An example of known, type helmet is described in JP2001089926 .
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a safety helmet which promotes the transpiration and the evaporation of the sweat generated on the head skin of the person wearing it.
  • a helmet as said which promotes air circulation in the head area of the person wearing it, thus contributing to the perception thereby of a condition of increased comfort during use of the helmet itself, also in the presence of particularly hot weather conditions.
  • a helmet as indicated which may be easily cleaned and sanitized after the related use.
  • Another object again of the present invention is to provide a helmet as specified, provided with front visor, and in which the visor itself may be demisted during the use of the helmet itself.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a helmet provided with a dismountable padding, which allows the fit and characteristics of elastic response of the parts forming the padding to be varied.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a padding provided with inserts capable of partially absorbing the impact force due to accidental impacts.
  • a helmet as mentioned which has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is easy to make on an industrial scale with relatively contained costs.
  • the present invention provides a safety helmet according to the appended set of claims.
  • the safety helmet according to the present invention is indicated with the following numerals 10 (first embodiment - figure 6 ), 20 (second embodiment - figure 14 ), 30 (third embodiment - figure 22 ), 40 (fourth embodiment - figure 34 ), 50 (fifth embodiment - figure 40 ) and 60 (sixth embodiment - figure 45 ), respectively.
  • Said safety helmet 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 comprises, in known manner, a rigid outer shell and an anatomically shaped inner part, absorbing the impact and made of expanded plastic material, e.g. such as expanded polystyrene.
  • said rigid outer shell 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61 has air intake openings 12.1 ( fig. 6 ), 22.4 ( figures 13 and 14 ), 32.1 ( fig. 22 ), 42, 48.3 ( fig. 34 ), 54.1 ( fig. 40 ), and air intake openings connectable to auxiliary air blowing means, 62 ( fig. 45 ) and air extraction openings 13.1 ( fig. 6 ), 23.2, 23.3 ( fig. 14 ), 33.2 ( fig. 22 ), 49, 49.1 ( fig. 34 ), 54.2 ( fig. 40 ), and air extraction openings connectable to auxiliary air extraction systems, 63 ( fig. 45 ).
  • the air intake openings 12 in helmet 10 comprise an opening 12.1 provided in the helmet, and a plurality of front air intake openings 12.2, provided in padding 14c.
  • Said impact absorbing anatomical inner part which is indicated with 11.1 ( fig. 7 ), 21.1 ( fig. 15 ), 31.1 ( fig. 23 ), 41.1 ( fig. 33 ), 51.1 ( fig. 40 ), 61.1 ( fig. 46 ), may be provided in the top part with aeration grooves, which can possibly run through a portion of said anatomical part or possibly extend longitudinally from the front part to the nape part, 21.2, 21.3 ( fig. 15 ), 47.3, 47.5 ( figures 33 , 32a, 32b ), 51.3 ( fig. 40 ) of said safety helmets, respectively 20, 40, 50, including the respective front openings 22.1 1 ( fig. 13 ), 75.4s ( fig. 29 ), 52 ( figures 40 , 41 ) and the respective back openings 23.1 ( fig. 29 ), 43 ( fig. 30 ), 53 ( fig. 40 ).
  • said anatomical inner part may be provided with aeration grooves 51.2 in the temple part of said anatomical part 51.1, which extend longitudinally from the front zone to the nape zone, as shown in figure 40 .
  • the aforesaid safety helmet comprises an inner padding 14c ( fig. 7 ), 24c ( fig. 13 ), 34c ( fig. 23 ), 44c ( fig. 30 ), 54c ( fig. 35 ), 64c ( fig. 42 ).
  • Said inner padding comprises an air canalization structure made for example at least partially of spongy material, indicated with 16 ( figure 3 ), 26 ( figure 11 ), 36 ( fig. 19 ), 46 ( fig. 28 ), 50.1 ( fig. 39 ), 66 ( fig. 43 ).
  • said inner padding comprises a cap indicated with 15 ( figure 4 ), 25 ( figure 12 ), 35 ( figure 20 ), 45 ( figure 29 ), 55 ( figure 36 ), 65 ( figure 44 ), in contact with the head of the person wearing the helmet.
  • said caps 15 and 35 have a collar 15.2, 35.2 provided with a slot, for example slot 15.3, for coupling with the corresponding canalization structure, indicated with 16 and 36, respectively, and a front rigid part 15.5 and 35.4 provided with slots 12.2s, and openings 35.3, respectively, the first of which provide corresponding inlet air intakes 12.2, and the second of which provide corresponding outlet openings 35.3, in the respective paddings.
  • said caps 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 may be provided with inserts, indicated with 70, made of airproof fabric, for the purpose of improving the flowing of the air flows.
  • Said caps 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 are essentially made of fabric having high wettability.
  • Cap 65 is provided with fasteners 73 arranged symmetrically on two rigid rims 76.6 arranged on the front part and on the nape part, respectively, and also with side Velcroed fixing tabs 65.1 ( figures 42 and 44 ).
  • Said air canalization structure is predisposed, for example, to conduct air between the first and second air intake openings and the first and second air extraction openings.
  • Said first air intake openings 12.1 ( fig. 6 ), 22.4 ( figures 13 , 14 ), 32.1 ( fig. 22 ), 42, 48.3 ( fig. 34 ), 54.1 1 ( fig. 40 ), 62 ( fig. 45 ) are obtained on the outer part of said helmet and said second air intake openings such as, for example, 12.2, 22, are obtained by means of connecting respective canalizations with the front part of the respective caps.
  • first air extraction openings 13.1 fig. 6
  • 23.2, 23.3 fig. 14
  • 33.2 fig. 22
  • 49, 49.1 fig. 34
  • 54.2 fig. 40
  • 63 fig. 45
  • said canalization structure conducts air in combination with said aeration grooves, for example 21.2 ( fig. 15 ), 51.3 ( fig. 40 ), possibly provided on the anatomically shaped inner part of said safety helmet.
  • said padding comprises a semirigid support 17, 17s ( figure 2 ), 27, 27s ( figure 10 ), 37, 37s ( figure 18 ), 47, 47s ( figure 27 ), 57 ( figure 38 ), which is in contact with the inner part of said safety helmet.
  • Said semirigid support is made of flexible laminate, which couples in shape with respect to the inner part of said helmet. It also has communication openings with said air intake openings and with said air extraction openings.
  • Said semirigid support has possible longitudinal and transverse notches which take advantage of the elasticity of the structure that is useful for adapting to the inner shape of said anatomical inner part of the helmet; advantageously, said longitudinal notches are made close to the aeration grooves possibly provided in said anatomical part.
  • said semirigid support has ribs which couple with possible slots of the inner part of said helmet, when present, in order to guarantee stability with respect to said inner part without modifying the passage section.
  • An insert of said semirigid support is specifically indicated with 17s, 27s, 37s, 47s.
  • Said canalization structure 16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1 is fixed on the inner face of said semirigid support 17, 27, 37, 47, 57.
  • the canalization structure 66 is unmovably fixed with respect to said inner part of said helmet 60, for example by means of gluing, omitting the semirigid support.
  • the fixing of said canalization structure with respect to said flexible support can either be unmovable, for example by means of gluing, or removable, for example by means of interlocking with tabs and/or by means of Velcro® type means.
  • the fixing of said canalization structure applied to said semirigid support, with respect to said cap is preferably provided removable, for example by means of Velcro® means or interlocking systems.
  • Said padding 14c, 24c, 34c, 44c is made like a sandwich, in which said canalization structure is interposed between said cap and said semirigid support, by means of respective removable fixing elements, herein shown by means of said snap fasteners 73 and the corresponding holed tabs 74 arranged on the perimeter of said cap and of said semirigid support.
  • Said fixing fasteners are advantageously positioned at respective and corresponding fixing means arranged in the helmet, and fix said paddings thereto, as shown for example in figure 8 .
  • parts of the helmet may be taken advantage of such as for example, the cheekpads 11.2, so as to enclose said fixing tabs (15.1, 17.1), as shown in figure 7 .
  • tortuous canalizations 16.3 ( fig. 3 ), 26.3 ( fig. 11 ), 36.3 ( fig. 16 ), 46.3 ( fig. 28 ) are glued to the respective semirigid supports, said tortuous canalizations are fixed to the inner surface of said anatomical part of the helmet by means of removable Velcro® type fixing means conveniently located on the back of the respective supports (17s, 27s, 37s, 47s) and on the inner surface of the respective helmets (solution not shown).
  • said tortuous canalization structures comprise a layer 46.31 made of expanded or elastomeric material, and a layer of semirigid material 46.32.
  • Said padding 54c ( fig. 35 ) is assembled like a sandwich, in which said canalization structure 50.1 is interposed between said cap 55 and said semirigid support 57, by means of respective tabs 55.1 arranged on the free outline of said cap 55, 57.1, which are arranged on the free outline of said flexible support, which are provided with removable Velcro® type fixing means.
  • a further fixing structure 56 ( fig. 37 ) provided with removable Velcro® type fixing means 56.a alternated with filler material of sponge type 56.b; said fixing structure is fixed in direct contact with the inner part of said helmet 50 conveniently provided with corresponding Velcroing (solution not depicted).
  • Said paddings 14c, 24c, 34c, 44c, 54c are made removable and are coupled in shape and/or in force with respect to said inner part of the corresponding helmet 10, 20, 30, 40, 50.
  • Said air canalization structure 16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1, 66 has a shape that wraps around the corresponding cap 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 with an arrangement, with respect to the head of the person wearing the helmet:
  • said canalization structure 16 provides three levels of distinct flows, that is:
  • said air channels 16.1a, 16.2a are put into depression through said tubular manifold 16.4 which can be connected, respectively disconnected by pressure in the lower nape part of helmet 10 and seal connected, by means of a corresponding flexible suction tube 16.5, with an AS air aspirator device external to helmet 10 and provided with autonomous means for supplying power and controlling CPU operation.
  • Such an arrangement causes a forced air flow to run through the aforesaid channels.
  • the arrows show the consistent orientation of the air flows from the front toward the nape of the person wearing the helmet. Such air flows lap the zones of the cap 15 corresponding to said channels, removing with continuity the moisture therefrom which accumulates therein, and providing a widespread aeration of the person's head; to this end, said cap 15 is advantageously made of dual elasticized breathable fabric to contain the user's hair and organic material to preserve the functionality of the padding.
  • Said forced air flows generated by means of electric/electronic devices, may be enabled and disabled according to parameters managed by means of a CPU (see figure 6 ).
  • operation of said devices can be controlled based on control signals transmitted to said CPU by an air flow sensor positioned in a stretch of the canalization between a respective air intake and a respective air outlet.
  • said first top channels 16.1a, 16.1b are preferably shaped by means of flexible material strips 18 having differentiated elastic deformability, that is:
  • Said padding 14c is shaped for removable coupling with respect to the inner part 11.1 of helmet 10, which is illustratively shown smooth, that is without aeration grooves obtained in said inner part.
  • Figure 13 shows a similar arrangement to the one in figure 6 , and therefore not further described for the parts already explained in detail with reference to the first embodiment shown in the figures from 1 to 8, from which it differs due to the presence of top and nape projections 28.1, 28.2 in the canalization structure 26, and also 27.3 and 27.4, in the flexible support 27 coupled thereto, which are in turn coupled in shape and/or by force within corresponding grooves, such as the top grooves 21.2 provided on the inner part 21.1 of said helmet 20.
  • said projections 27.3 and 27.4 house blocks of spongy material forming said projections 28.1, 28.2, in which the first block 28.1, positioned close to said front air intake 22.4, has a connector surface between said air intake and said aeration groove 21.2 to facilitate the outflow of air along the top aeration groove in direction of the second block 28.2, which is located close to the air extraction mouth 23.3 arranged in the nape zone, said second block 28.2 being conveniently shaped to facilitate the outflow of the air toward said extraction mouth 23.3.
  • Said aeration groove 21.2 extended from the front part to the back part of said helmet 20 is put into depression in the nape stretch between the respective block 28.2 and the air extraction opening connected to the suction device 29, diagrammatically shown in figure 13 and 14 .
  • Said stretch of aeration groove 21.2 is put into communication with the channels 26.4 and 26.2 through a slit 27.5 provided in the semirigid support 27, generating an artificially sucked air flow in said channels.
  • Said figure 13 shows an orientation of the air flows similar to that described with reference to figure 6 , from which it differs however for the presence of said aeration grooves 21.2 and 21.3 obtained on the inner part 21.1 of helmet 20, which are advantageously exploited for matching said second aeration channels of the padding 24c connected to said forced suction system 29.
  • ON/OFF functional control means of said aspirator device 29 are indicated with 29.1 and are provided on a side wall of helmet 20 itself.
  • suction device 29 with respective electric/electronic circuit and power supply means, is removably fixed with respect to said back part of said helmet 20, by means of interlocking tabs.
  • first top channels 36.1a and 36.1b and second side temple channels 36.2 are provided in said canalization structure 36, while 36.3 indicates intermediate areas with tortuous passages of the structure itself.
  • Numeral 32 indicates a forced air introduction mouth; introduced through said mouth 32 is forced air which runs through at least one of said top channels 36.1a and 36.1b, from the nape toward the front part of helmet 30, and also said side temple channels 36.2 in recirculation with extraction through the lower rear openings 33. Said air flow forced through the top channel 36.1a comes out of the openings 35.3 ( fig. 20 ) provided at the front part of said cap 35, inside helmet 30, at the inner surface of visor 30.1 of the helmet itself, with the function of continuously demisting and ventilating the surface itself and the user's face.
  • a forced air generator device is indicated with 37 in figure 24 .
  • Said device 37 feeds said mouth 32 through a dismountable flexible conduit 37.1, through dismountable coupling connection means.
  • Numeral 36.4 ( fig. 17 ) indicates two flow directors positioned inside said canalizations 36.1b close to said dynamic front air intakes 32.1.
  • Said directors provide the dynamically emitted air flows with a conveniently shaped surface in order to direct said flows toward the openings 35.3 arranged at the front part of said cap 35, while a second portion of air flows from incisions 36.4a made in the walls of one of said flow directors 36.4 in direction of the corresponding aeration channels 36.3 and 36.1b.
  • FIG. 17 diagrammatically shows the air flows apportioned by said director 36.4.
  • padding 34c allows matching said first forced air flows, apportioned in part toward said visor 30.1 and in part in recirculation in the temple zone, and said second flows (obtained by aerodynamics with the vehicle in movement) apportioned in part toward said visor 30.1 and in part in opposite direction.
  • the general structure of the related padding 44c is similar to the one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated above.
  • the middle aeration groove 47.3 fig. 32a
  • the front dynamic air intake 48.3 fig. 31
  • a flow selector/deviator device 48 fig. 26 fixed on the back of said flexible support 47 (see also figures 26a, 26b, 26c , 27 , 30 , 31 , 33 ).
  • Said selector/deviator device comprises a sliding guide 48.1, unmovably fixed on the back of said flexible support 47, a manually operated slider 48.2 slidingly mounted longitudinally by coupling in shape within said guide 48.1.
  • Said slider 48.2 is bell-shaped ( figures 26a, 26b ) in section according to a longitudinal vertical plane parallel to said groove 47.3 ( fig. 31 ).
  • the flexible support 47 has, at said slider 48.2, a graduated scale 47.4 ( fig. 26 ) with respect to which there is counterposed a fixed index provided on said slider 48.2.
  • the graduations of scale 47.4 are arranged so that at the ends of the scale itself correspond a respective stop position of tab 48.2, in which the air flow inlet through opening 48.3 is almost totally deviated in a direction along a part of said groove 47.3 (in figures 31, 32a ), to which corresponds, for example, in said padding, the longitudinal top channel 46.1a ( fig. 28 ) of the related canalization structure 46.
  • Numeral 49 in figure 31 indicates an air extraction opening, provided in the rear top part of the outer shell of helmet 40, at said aeration groove 47.3.
  • a block 49.3 ( fig. 28 ) for deviating the air flow running through said channel 46.1a, and which forces the flow itself to flow toward said opening 49.
  • the flow selector/deviator device allows the air flow inlet through opening 48.3 to be selectively regulated to flow away at least partially toward the front zone of helmet 40, and to flow on the inner surface of the corresponding visor of the helmet itself, with the function of demisting the surface itself and ventilating the user's face.
  • numeral 42 indicates air intakes of helmet 40 corresponding to the channels 46.1b of padding 44c.
  • Figure 30 diagrammatically shows the different air flows running through said padding 44c, that is the air flows that run through the padding itself, starting from the air intakes 42 and 48.3, in the channels 46.1a and 46.1b, respectively, or tortuous zones 46.3, in the direction toward the nape of the person.
  • a partial flow is directed into channel 46.1a toward the visor of helmet 40.
  • the air flows countercurrent toward the helmet visor, through the air outlet openings 75.4s ( figure 29 ) of said padding, because it is forced by the electric fan 42.
  • Said air flows respectively flow through the air extraction openings 49 and 49.1, respectively ( fig. 34 ), and also from the front stretch of said groove 47.3 which is fed through said selector/deviator device 48 with a flow facing the front visor part of the helmet.
  • Said removable forced air generator device diagrammatically shown in 42, pressurizes the channels 46.1b and 46.2 in the direction already described, that is, similar to what happens in helmet 30, that is, toward the front openings of said cap 45 to lap the respective visor and also the user's face.
  • Said forced air flows generated by means of electric/electronic devices, may be enabled and disabled according to parameters managed by means of sensor means managed by a CPU, such as physiological values of the user, room temperature ( figure 41 ) and vehicle speed, which is calculated for example by an integrated GPS system.
  • FIGS. 34 and 34A show in detail the arrangement of a CPU for controlling a helmet according to the invention, which, as shown in detail in the diagram of figure 34A , receives signals of air flow intensity, detected by a flow sensor F, and processes them according to a predetermined program, correspondingly driving the electric/electronic devices for forced air generation present in the helmet itself.
  • the aforesaid CPU is controlled by means of ON/OFF control means connected by wire, or in wireless mode.
  • air flows with opposite directions may coexist, in part generated by means of electric forced air generator devices, which are electrically enabled when wanted, and in part due to the aerodynamics caused by the movement of the vehicle.
  • figure 40 diagrammatically shows the air flow lines running through said padding 54c starting from the front air intake openings 52 up to the back air extraction openings 53 obtained in the anatomical part 51.1 of helmet 50, and also starting from the side air intake openings 54.1 up to the back air extraction openings 54.2 obtained in the outer shell of helmet 50. Said last flows run through the temple channels obtained also in the anatomical part of helmet 50.
  • the canalization structure 50.1 and the respective multicomponent flexible support 57 are independent from each other, so as to facilitate assembly with helmet 50, thus allowing a consistent padding to be obtained capable of absorbing and dissipating sweat along the side walls of said canalizations, at cap 55, shown in figure 36 , which is made of dual elastic hydrophile material capable of distributing the secretions in a uniform manner, thus promoting the evaporation of the sweat through the fabric and the walls of the canalizations lapped by said air flows.
  • said cap 55 contains the hair and the organic material thus keeping the passage section of the aeration channels free and clean.
  • said helmet 50 having an evaporation section, may be provided with an outer shell without top openings, thus preventing rain and sun rays from filtering through them, an advantageous condition for bicycle helmets ( fig. 41 ).
  • the sixth embodiment of the helmet according to the invention indicated with numeral 60, and which padding 64c is without semirigid support, and is not removably fixed with respect to the inner part, for example by gluing.
  • Said cap 65 of said helmet 60 is fixed thereto by means of removable fixing means, such as snap fasteners 73 arranged on the rigid ends 76.6 of said cap 65 and tabs provided with Velcro® type fixing 65.1, and also respective fixing means arranged on the perimeter of said safety helmet 60 (solution not shown).
  • front air intake openings 62 and back air expulsion openings 63 which correspond to the top channels 66.1 and to the side channels 66.2 of said canalization structure 66.
  • Respective front 68.1 and back 68.2 forced air ventilation devices are removably applied, coupled in shape and/or in force, on the shell 61 of the helmet 60, at said front 62 and back 63 openings.
  • Said ventilation devices 68.1 and 68.2 comprise a respective manifold portion 68.11, 68.21, sealingly fixed on shell 61 at respective openings 62, 63, as well as electric fan means 68.12, 68.22 electrically connected, in electric circuit, with respect to means for controlling the power supply 69.1, which are supported by shell 61 and which are in turn electrically connected with respect to a power supply battery 69.2, external to helmet 60, as well as to the means 69.3 for selecting the polarity of said electric fan means 68.12, 68.22.
  • the user of helmet 60 may selectively determine the rotation of the electric fan means 68.12, 68.22, comprising a plurality of fans, which may rotate individually or simultaneously, that is the air flows may be generated by a single blowing 68.12 or suction 68.22 fan, or by both simultaneously, generating the air flows running through the canalization structure 66 of padding 64, as shown diagrammatically in figure 47 . It is noted how in the case of disabling of one or both the forced ventilation devices produced by means of an axial fan, the air flows can still pass through said electric fan means, guaranteeing ventilation even when the means are disabled, that by aerodynamics.
  • a photovoltaic cell solar panel P which, through a corresponding electric circuit, feeds, when enabled, power to the battery of accumulators 69.2, which to this end is provided rechargeable.
  • said canalization structure without said semirigid support is made removable with respect to said inner part of said helmet, using, as means for fixing thereto said canalizations conveniently disassembled into separate fillets, Velcro® type means, respectively fixed on the anatomically shaped inner part and on the corresponding surface of said padding.
  • said padding provides at least one air intake opening between said helmet and the head of the person wearing it.
  • said padding provides at least one air extraction opening between said helmet and the head of the person wearing it.
  • a further of said padding comprises a plurality of partitions made of material of different nature ( figure 1 ), for example of spongy, elastomeric and/or expanded elastomeric type, in turn fixed at least partially removably with respect to said inner part of said helmet or to said inner part of said semirigid support, so as to allow one or more of said partitions to be replaced in order to modify the user's subjective feeling of comfort.
  • Said partitions can have variations of the related elastic characteristics, of thickness, of density and of spacing.
  • the thickness of said possible inserts made of a non-expanded elastomeric material is preferably less than the thickness of said inserts made of an expanded material, that is, equal to the interspace present between said inner part of said helmet and the head of the person wearing it.
  • said cap 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and at least one part of said padding 16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1, 66 collect the sweat of the person's head due to the imbibing effect, so that air flows running through said canalizations determine a thermal conditioning and at least a partial extraction of moisture, at said cap 15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65 and in part at the side walls of said padding 16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1, 66.
  • said cap due to the intrinsic wettability of the fabric, transfers part of the sweat collected in the areas of contact with said padding to the areas where said cap is exposed to said flows running through said air channels.
  • the sweat exposed to said air flows evaporating, changes its state from liquid to gaseous, dissipating the heat retained by it.
  • a hydrophile fabric for example made of textile fibers of plant origin or synthetic fibers made hydrophilic on the surface with physical plasma treatments (ion and photon bombardment).
  • said fabric of said cap is at least partially made of drawn metal filaments, such as bekinox® yarns or yarns containing metallic synthetic fibers such as lurex® yarns, said materials, having intrinsic characteristics of improved thermal conductivity with respect to normal textile fibers, allowing at least partial dissipation of the heat otherwise retained in the areas where said cap is in contact with said padding, even when only a small amount of sweat is present.
  • drawn metal filaments such as bekinox® yarns or yarns containing metallic synthetic fibers such as lurex® yarns
  • said canalization structure 16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1, 66 may advantageously comprise channels provided for the forced air suction and/or blowing flow by means of said electric/electronic means for generating forced air flows and/or channels provided for the outflow of non-forced air introduced and expelled by aerodynamics from the movement of the vehicle on which the user of said helmet (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) is travelling.
  • said padding 14c, 34c and 64c provides canalizations with differentiated deformability capable of opposing compression, to guarantee spacing between said cap 15, 35, 65 and the inner part of said helmet guaranteeing a passage section of the air flows.
  • said fillets made of an expanded polymer material are preferably obtained by punching or water cutting, so as to provide lateral walls of said grooves in which said expanded material is directly exposed to said air flows.
  • expanded polymeric materials such as open-cell expanded polyurethane
  • Said fillets with differentiated deformability (18) are fixed by unmovable coupling, for example by gluing or heat sealing of at least two materials having different elastic properties.
  • said part of said padding has been described as formed by a plurality of fillets. However, it must be understood that it could also be made in one piece, of expanded material, possibly unmovably fixed with respect to said semirigid support, for example by gluing.
  • FIGS 51 and 52 show a padded cushion, used only by way of example at tortuous canalizations of the padding of the helmet according to the invention, which cushion includes a padding made of a spongy material sealingly covered by means of a waterproof covering having at least one hole for the passage of air, calibrated to pneumatically control phenomena of compression, respectively decompression, of said spongy material, which can occur Ln the case of significant impact forces acting on the helmet itself.
  • said fillets and said cushion inserts of said padding can be coupled on the surface in contact of said cap with materials with Low coefficient of friction, such as synthetic fabrics or thin polymer films, so as to promote sliding of said cap with respect to said surfaces of said fillets.
  • Figure 53 shows an example of fillet covered on one of its faces with a sheet of synthetic material with low coefficient of friction.
  • the security helmet according to the present invention may be provided with means for detecting the speed of the person wearing the helmet on a means of locomotion, which control means for selectively electrically enabling/disabling said electric means for generating forced air flows.
  • said safety helmet may be provided, according to the invention, with means for detecting the physiological data of the person wearing it, such as for example means for detecting heartbeat and/or body temperature, which control, by means of corresponding electric circuit means and electronic microcontroller means for digitally processing the corresponding signals detected, the enabling or disabling of the electric/electronic means for generating forced air flows conveyed into the canalization structure of the padding of the helmet itself, and also any variation in intensity of the flows themselves.
  • means for detecting the physiological data of the person wearing it such as for example means for detecting heartbeat and/or body temperature
  • control by means of corresponding electric circuit means and electronic microcontroller means for digitally processing the corresponding signals detected, the enabling or disabling of the electric/electronic means for generating forced air flows conveyed into the canalization structure of the padding of the helmet itself, and also any variation in intensity of the flows themselves.
  • said helmet can be provided with means for detecting air flows, such as resistance flow meters (flow measuring devices), positioned in the intake parts of said flows, and which transmit signals processed by means of microcontroller means, to control the operation of said electric forced ventilation means ( figures 34 and 34A ).
  • means for detecting air flows such as resistance flow meters (flow measuring devices), positioned in the intake parts of said flows, and which transmit signals processed by means of microcontroller means, to control the operation of said electric forced ventilation means ( figures 34 and 34A ).
  • said helmet can be provided with control means positioned separately with respect to it and put in communication with said electric/electronic forced ventilation devices by means of connections by radio or by electrical wire ( figures 34 and 34A ).
  • Figures from 54 to 56 show a semirigid support having a plurality of fillets applied on the support itself.
  • one of said fillets (the one provided in the center of the intermediate rectilinear branch), is removably connected with respect to said semirigid support.
  • said fillet is provided with male hook Velcro® means, suitable to cooperate with corresponding female loop Velcro® means, with which said support is provided, as shown in figure 55 .
  • said fillet besides said male Velcro®, comprises a sandwich structure, including a semirigid band (connected to said Velcro®), an intermediate body made of a spongy material and an anti-friction surface film.
  • said safety helmet according to the present invention promotes the transpiration of the sweat generated on the head skin of the person wearing it.
  • said helmet promotes air circulation in the head area of the person wearing it, thus contributing to the perception thereby of a condition of increased comfort during use of the helmet itself, also in the presence of particularly hot weather conditions.
  • said helmet may be easily cleaned and sanitized by the person after the related use.
  • a further advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the visor of said helmet, provided with front visor, may be demisted during the use of the helmet itself, and the same flows provide a ventilation of the face and a correct oxygenation of the user.
  • said helmet has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, and is easy to make on an industrial scale with relatively contained costs.
  • said helmet allows the safety structure to be implemented with a padding which provides absorbing and dissipating the sweat generated by the user and allows a combined management of the air flows which is otherwise only obtainable by means of costly and invasive interventions on the safety structure itself.
  • said helmet comprises paddings having a removable structure, which are interchangeable with the normal known paddings and allow said safety helmets with the solutions herein described to be implemented without compromising the safety structure.
  • said helmet as specified can be integrated with auxiliary forced ventilation means without compromising its protective structure.
  • the present invention allows the objects detailed in the introduction to be obtained in a simple an advantageous manner.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Coque de sécurité(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) comprenant une coque extérieure rigide (11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61) éventuellement doté d'au moins une ouverture d'admission d'air externe (12.1, 22.4, 32.1, 42, 48.3, 54.1, 62), et/ou au moins une ouverture d'extraction d'air externe (13.1, 23.2, 23.3, 33.2, 49, 49.1, 54.2, 63) prévue sur la coque externe pour introduire et extraire de l'air, respectivement, dans et depuis ledit casque, ledit casque comprenant une partie intérieure (11.1, 21.1, 31.1, 41.1, 51.1, 61.1) faite pour absorber et amortir tout choc subi par ledit casque et pouvant présenter des rainures transversales et/ou longitudinales dans au moins une partie de ladite partie intérieure, s'étendant éventuellement de la zone avant à la zone arrière de ladite partie intérieure et étant traversé par l'air introduit à travers au moins ladite ouverture d'admission d'air (22.4, 54.1) et au moins ladite ouverture d'extraction d'air (23.3, 54.2), au moins l'une desdites rainures longitudinales (21.2, 21.3,47.3, 47.5, 51.2, 51.3) formant une éventuelle et respective ouverture d'admission d'air avant (22.1, 52) et une éventuelle et respective ouverture d'extraction d'air arrière (23.1, 53), et comportant un rembourrage interne (14c, 24c, 34c, 44c, 54c, 64c) qui fournit grâce à une pluralité de canalisations, une structure de canalisation (16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1, 66) pour conduire l'air :
    - entre ladite au moins une ouverture d'admission d'air avant (22.1, 52) et/ou au moins une ouverture d'admission d'air externe (12.1, 22.4, 32.1, 42, 48.3, 54.1, 62) et ladite au moins une ouverture d'extraction d'air arrière (23.1, 43, 53), et/ou au moins une ouverture d'extraction d'air externe (13.1, 23.2 , 23.3, 33.2, 49, 49.1, 53, 54.2, 63), et / ou
    - entre au moins une ouverture d'air avant (12.2, 22, 35.3, 75.4s) ménagée au moyen d'au moins une extrémité desdites canalisations de ladite structure de canalisation, et au moins une ouverture d'extraction d'air arrière (13, 33), ménagée au moyen d'au moins une autre extrémité desdites canalisations de ladite structure de canalisation, laquelle structure occupe au moins partiellement l'interstice présent entre la tête d'une personne portant le casque et ladite partie intérieure (11.1, 21.1, 31.1, 41.1, 51.1, 61.1) du casque lui-même, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une coiffe (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65), laquelle, lorsque le casque est porté par ladite personne, coopère avec ledit rembourrage pour fournir une pluralité de canaux d'air auxdites canalisations dudit rembourrage et recouvre la tête de la personne au moins au niveau du rembourrage lui-même, alors qu'elle est maintenue en tension sur la tête elle-même, empêchant aux cheveux et matières organiques d'obturer au moins partiellement lesdits canaux d'air, et qui est constituée d'un matériau qui s'imbibe par mouillabilité et distribue uniformément au moins une partie de la sueur de la tête de la personne, l'empêchant d'être retenue dans ledit rembourrage;
    en ce que ladite coiffe (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65) est reliée de manière démontable audit rembourrage, respectivement audit casque, de sorte que lorsqu'elle est retirée, ladite coiffe permet l'inspection et le nettoyage desdits canaux d'air à travers lesquels passe le flux d'air, et lesdits flux d'air traversant lesdits canaux déterminent un conditionnement thermique et au moins une extraction partielle de l'humidité, au niveau de ladite coiffe (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65).
  2. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un support semi-rigide (17, 17s, 27, 27s, 37, 37s, 47, 47s, 57) qui reçoit, au moins partiellement, ledit rembourrage (16, 26, 36, 46, 50.1) et est agencé en contact avec la partie intérieure (11.1, 21.1, 31.1, 41.1, 51.1) dudit casque; ledit support semi-rigide est fixé de manière démontable ou inamovible par rapport à ladite partie intérieure dudit casque.
  3. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit rembourrage est fait d'un matériau spongieux et/ou élastomère et comprend des rainures qui forment lesdites canalisations pour conduire l'air lorsque ledit casque est porté ; ledit rembourrage est fixé de manière inamovible ou démontable par rapport audit support semi-rigide ou par rapport à ladite partie intérieure dudit casque.
  4. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit rembourrage est fait d'un matériau spongieux et/ou élastomère et comprend une pluralité de pièces qui forment entre elles lesdites canalisations de conduction de l'air lorsque le casque est porté.
  5. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite coiffe est fixée de manière démontable par rapport audit casque le long de son contour sensiblement circonférentiel extérieur, de façon que, lorsque le casque est porté, ladite coiffe est élastiquement déformée, en déchargeant les efforts appliqués dans les points de fixation le long dudit contour circonférentiel.
  6. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites pièces, formant entre elles lesdites canalisations de conduction de l'air, sont fixées au moins partiellement de manière amovible par rapport audit support semi-rigide.
  7. Casque de sécurité (10) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit rembourrage (16) comporte une première partie mise en contact avec ladite coiffe (15) faite d'un matériau élastique à haute compressibilité (18.1) et une seconde partie, correspondant à une zone supérieure (16.1a, 16.1b), et proximale de ladite partie intérieure dudit casque, qui est faite d'un matériau élastique à faible compressibilité (18.2), pour maintenir, lorsque le casque est porté, lesdits canaux d'air ouverts.
  8. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite coiffe (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65) est pourvue d'au moins un insert (70) réalisé en tissu étanche à l'air, pour améliorer le fonctionnement et la distribution des flux d'air à l'intérieur desdits canaux d'air.
  9. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite coiffe (15, 25, 35, 45, 55, 65) est faite d'un matériau au moins partiellement hydrophile et/ou comporte un tissu comprenant, au moins en partie, des fibres métalliques ayant une bonne conductivité thermique et/ou comportant un tissu comprenant, au moins partiellement, des fibres de textile recouvertes d'un métal à bonne conductivité thermique.
  10. Casque de sécurité selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens électriques/électroniques (AS, 29, 37, 42, 68.1, 68.2) pour générer de l'air, forcé, soufflé ou aspiré à travers les canaux d'air, les moyens sont disposés amovibles par rapport audit casque.
  11. Casque de sécurité (60) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ladite coiffe avec ladite structure de canalisation (66), lorsque le casque est porté, fournit des canaux d'air pour l'écoulement de l'air généré par lesdits moyens électriques/électroniques pour générer l'air forcé, soufflé ou aspiré, dans laquelle l'air introduit par l'aérodynamique via le mouvement du véhicule sur lequel circule l'utilisateur dudit casque (60) peut circuler lorsque lesdits moyens électriques/électroniques sont coupés.
  12. Casque de sécurité selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit rembourrage comporte des coussinets rembourrés, comprenant un matériau spongieux recouvert de manière étanche par un revêtement imperméable ayant au moins un trou pour le passage de l'air, calibré pour contrôler pneumatiquement des phénomènes éventuels de compression, respectivement de décompression dudit matériau spongieux qui peuvent se produire dans le cas de forces d'impact significatives agissant sur le casque lui-même.
  13. Casque de sécurité (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit rembourrage est recouvert, au moins partiellement, par un revêtement en un matériau à faible coefficient de frottement, sur la surface faisant face à ladite coiffe, de manière à faciliter le glissement entre ledit rembourrage et ladite coiffe lorsque ledit casque est porté.
  14. Casque de sécurité (40) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite structure de canalisation (46) et ladite coiffe (45), lorsque le casque est porté, véhiculent différents flux d'air dans différentes directions, des premiers flux d'air traversant lesdits canaux (47.5, 46.3, 46.1a en partie), dans une direction, et des deuxièmes flux d'air qui traversent d'autres canaux (46.1b, 46.2, 46.1a partie restante), dans une autre direction par rapport auxdits premiers flux d'air.
  15. Casque de sécurité selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites pièces, formant entre elles lesdites canalisations de conduction d'air, sont fixées de manière inamovible ou amovible par rapport à ladite partie intérieure dudit casque.
EP15762703.5A 2014-08-01 2015-07-31 Casque de sécurité Active EP3174416B1 (fr)

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PCT/IB2015/001295 WO2016016710A1 (fr) 2014-08-01 2015-07-31 Casque de sécurité

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EP3174416B1 true EP3174416B1 (fr) 2018-06-13

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WO2016016710A1 (fr) 2016-02-04
EP3174416A1 (fr) 2017-06-07
WO2016016710A4 (fr) 2016-05-06
US20170215511A1 (en) 2017-08-03

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