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EP3035445B1 - Anschlusskoppler mit orthogonalmodus, und entsprechender polarisations- und frequenztrennschalter - Google Patents

Anschlusskoppler mit orthogonalmodus, und entsprechender polarisations- und frequenztrennschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3035445B1
EP3035445B1 EP15200108.7A EP15200108A EP3035445B1 EP 3035445 B1 EP3035445 B1 EP 3035445B1 EP 15200108 A EP15200108 A EP 15200108A EP 3035445 B1 EP3035445 B1 EP 3035445B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling
polarization
coupler
slot
slots
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EP15200108.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3035445A1 (de
Inventor
Erwan Cartaillac
Pierre Bosshard
Nicolas Ferrando
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/025—Multimode horn antennas; Horns using higher mode of propagation
    • H01Q13/0258—Orthomode horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H01Q5/55—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation for horn or waveguide antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of space telecommunications.
  • the present invention more particularly relates to an orthogonal mode junction coupler and an associated polarization and frequency separator.
  • the present invention applies to mono or multi-band linear polarization sources for all types of single and multi-beam reflector antennas.
  • the invention can find, for example, an application in the spatial field for antennas on board a satellite or for antennas in ground stations called ground stations.
  • antennas require polarization decoupling levels of less than -50 dB for single beam applications and less than -35 dB for multibeam. To reach these levels of performance, it is necessary to use complex radio frequency architectures, particularly at the level of the recombination paths of the signals with vertical and horizontal polarization.
  • orthogonal mode junction coupler also known as OMJ Anglo-Saxon for " OrthoMode Junction ”
  • the function of the orthogonal mode junction coupler is to extract or excite the two linear polarization modes.
  • this device makes complex the system of recombination of the polarizations in particular at the routing of the guides with an implantation on two layers to achieve this function.
  • This complex recombination system therefore penalizes the bulk and mass of the sources.
  • the use of such architecture on Gregorian antennas is more difficult to develop because of the congestion of the source and bad fields of view generated impacting radiation patterns.
  • the document of the prior art WO0016431 describes an orthogonal mode transducer.
  • the figure 1 represents an exemplary embodiment of such an architecture in a dual band configuration.
  • the device comprises an orthogonal mode junction coupler 10, one end of which is connected to a horn 12 via a transformation device. A second end is connected to a polarization splitter 14 (also known as OMT for " OrthoMode Transducer ”) via an undercurrent filter 13.
  • polarization splitter 14 also known as OMT for " OrthoMode Transducer ”
  • Each of the four coupling ports of the coupler 10 is connected to a filtering arm 15.
  • the outputs of these filtering arms 15 are recombined 2 to 2 by means of a divider "H" 17 also called “magic T" with charge 19.
  • the last access of each adder 17 corresponds to a input / output port of the device.
  • the two accesses of the polarization separator 14 not connected to the sub-cut filter 13 correspond to two other input / output ports of the device.
  • the figure 2 represents a second type of architecture known from the prior art to obtain the required performance.
  • This device comprises a horn 12 connected to a polarization splitter 14 in order to separate the two polarization modes of the signal and each of the two arms of said polarization splitter 14 is then connected to a duplexer 16 in order to extract the two frequency bands present in the signal.
  • This second architecture has the advantage of having a reduced number of microwave components to achieve the function of separation of frequency bands and polarizations. However, it applies only when the frequency bands are sufficiently close together.
  • the use of an asymmetric polarization splitter 14 makes polarization separation more sensitive because of the possible excitation of higher modes.
  • FIG 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment.
  • one end of the orthogonal mode junction coupler 10 is connected to a horn 12 by via a polarization transforming device 11 and a second end is connected to a polarization splitter 14 via an undercurrent filter 13.
  • Each coupling port of the coupler 10 is connected to a filter arm 15.
  • the two outputs of the polarization splitter and the outputs of the filter arms 15 define input / output ports of the device.
  • This architecture has the advantage of being simple and compact, but it offers a decoupling level between the relatively small polarization modes.
  • This configuration provides only a horizontal / vertical bias decoupling level of approximately -18 ⁇ -22 dB while the requirements are -50 dB for single-beam coverage and -35 dB multibeam missions.
  • This poor decoupling can be explained by the imbalance of the electric field associated with the use of a single polarization coupling slot at the orthogonal mode junction coupler.
  • An object of the invention is in particular to correct all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a solution making it possible to reduce both the bulk and the mass of the sources in linear polarization while guaranteeing a level of performance at least equivalent to the current sources. in linear polarization.
  • the subject of the invention is an orthogonal mode junction coupler comprising an envelope delimiting a coupling cavity, electromagnetic signals polarized according to at least two orthogonal linear polarization modes being able to propagate inside the coupling cavity, said coupler comprising two accesses, called input / output accesses, passing through said envelope and opening into said coupling cavity, said two input / output ports being aligned along an axis said to be longitudinal to the junction coupler and arranged at opposite ends of the junction coupler, said longitudinal axis being defined by the direction of propagation of the electromagnetic signals, three open slots, called coupling slots, are formed in the junction coupler envelope, said three coupling slots crossing a plane said transverse to the junction coupler, said transverse plane being substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, two of said three coupling slots being aligned along a first axis said to be transverse to the junction coupler, the section of said two coupling slots being of the same size and of the same orientation, the two coupling slots being configured to
  • a slot is formed in the casing of the coupler, said image slot traversing the transverse plane and being opposite the third coupling slot, the section of said slot image being of the same dimensions and orientation as the section of the third coupling slot, one end of said image slot opening into the coupling cavity and the other end being closed by a short circuit plane.
  • the two coupling slots aligned along the transverse axis are configured to couple with the vertical linear polarization, the third coupling slot being configured to couple with the horizontal polarization.
  • the two coupling slots aligned along the transverse axis are configured to couple with the horizontal linear polarization, the third coupling slot being configured to couple with the vertical polarization.
  • the cross section of the coupling cavity is taken from a substantially square, rectangular, circular or elliptical shape.
  • the coupling slots are oriented so as to allow electrical coupling.
  • the coupling slots are oriented to allow magnetic coupling.
  • an input / output port is connected to a short-circuit plane or an under-cut filter.
  • the subject of the invention is also a polarization and frequency separator comprising an orthogonal mode junction coupler according to one of the preceding embodiments, said coupler comprising two input / output ports and three coupling slots, an access port of input / output being connected to an antenna and the other access being connected to a short-circuit plane, a coupling slot forming a polarization port and the other two coupling slots being connected via an adder to to form another polarization access.
  • a filtering arm is connected to each coupling slot and the short circuit plane connected to an input / output port is replaced by an undercurrent filter.
  • the filter arms and the summator are made according to a technology taken from waveguide technology, coaxial technology or microstrip technology.
  • the figure 4 presents an exemplary embodiment of a transmission / reception source.
  • This source can be placed in front of the reflector of an antenna.
  • the source example presented is configured to operate on two frequency bands, a transmitting frequency band and a second receiving band.
  • the source comprises two polarization and frequency separators 40, each polarization and frequency separator being configured to operate on different frequency bands.
  • This example is in no way limiting and the source may be single-band or multi-band with a number of frequency bands greater than two.
  • the polarization and frequency dividers 40 are configured to separate or couple orthogonal polarization signals (vertical and horizontal) propagating within them.
  • the source may comprise a polarization transformation device 11 between the polarization and frequency separator 40 and the antenna 12.
  • the horn antenna 12 operates in circular polarization and the transformation device 11 is configured to transform the linear waves (horizontal or vertical) from the polarization and frequency separator 40 into circular polarization waves and vice versa.
  • the polarization and frequency separator 40 comprises an orthogonal mode junction coupler 10.
  • a coupler 10 is also known as Anglo-Saxon " OrthoMode Junction " or OMJ.
  • the figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of such a coupler 10. This device is intended to extract or excite the two polarization modes of the electromagnetic signals propagating inside said coupler 10.
  • the junction coupler 10 comprises an envelope for delimiting an internal volume forming a coupling cavity.
  • the transverse section of this coupling cavity may for example be of substantially square, substantially rectangular, substantially circular or substantially elliptical shape.
  • the coupling cavity is configured to allow the propagation of polarized electromagnetic signals in at least two vertical and horizontal orthogonal linear polarization modes.
  • the orthogonal mode junction coupler 10 comprises two so-called input / output access ports 105. These ports 105 pass through said envelope and open into the coupling cavity. Polarized electromagnetic signals following two modes of orthogonal linear polarizations is adapted to propagate between the two access input / output 105.
  • the input / output access 105 are substantially aligned along an axis ⁇ L in said longitudinal connecting coupler 10 and disposed at opposite ends of said junction coupler 10.
  • the axis ( ⁇ L) is defined by the longitudinal direction of propagation of electromagnetic signals between the input / output port 105.
  • coupling slots 101, 102 Three open slots, called coupling slots 101, 102 are formed in the envelope of the junction coupler 10. These three coupling slots 101, 102 pass through a plane ⁇ said transverse to the junction coupler 10. This transverse plane ⁇ is substantially perpendicular to the axis ⁇ L longitudinal.
  • the three slots 101, 102 each open into the coupling cavity.
  • These coupling slots 101, 102 are oriented to allow electrical coupling or magnetic coupling.
  • These three coupling slots 101, 102 form three coupling ports for the orthogonal mode junction coupler 10. For example, slots oriented in a longitudinal direction of the coupling cavity allow magnetic coupling. The electrical coupling will be obtained with a 90 ° rotation of the slot.
  • Two of said three coupling slots are aligned along a first axis ⁇ T2 said transverse to the junction coupler 10.
  • the two coupling slots 102 are substantially identical. The dimensions of their section and the orientation of the slots are substantially identical. These two coupling slots 102 are both configured to couple with one of the two orthogonal linear polarizations of the electromagnetic signals propagating between the two input / output ports 105, either both in the vertical polarization, or both. according to the horizontal polarization.
  • the third coupling slot 101 is situated on a second axis ⁇ T1 , said transverse to the junction coupler 10.
  • This second transverse axis ⁇ T1 is of direction substantially orthogonal to the first transverse axis ⁇ T2 .
  • This single coupling slot 101 is configured to couple with the polarization different from that coupling with the two coupling slots 102 vis-à-vis.
  • an additional emergent slot is formed in the envelope of the orthogonal mode junction coupler.
  • This slot is placed vis-à-vis the third coupling slot 101. It passes through the transverse plane ⁇ and is aligned with the third coupling slot along the transverse axis ⁇ T1 .
  • the section of this image slot has dimensions and orientation substantially identical to those of the third coupling slot 101.
  • One end of this image slot opens into the coupling cavity and the other end is closed by a short circuit plane.
  • This image slot does not form a coupling access but serves to refine the current lines. Of Advantageously, it avoids dissymmetrizing the current lines and thus avoids the generation of higher modes.
  • the figure 6 represents a transverse sectional plane of an exemplary embodiment of the polarization and frequency separator 40 in a transverse plane passing through the three coupling slots 101, 102.
  • Each of the two coupling slots 102 facing each other is extended by a filtering arm 15. These two arms are then joined together with an adder 41 also called “magic T” or divider. The access of the summator 41 not connected to the filtering arms 15 forms an access 18 to the polarization transmitted through the arms 15.
  • a filter arm 15 is also connected to the third coupling slot 101.
  • the other end of the filter arm 15 provides access 18 to the transmitted polarization.
  • the recombination system namely, the stubs of the filtering arms 15 and the adder 41 can be realized in waveguide technology, coaxial technology or microstrip technology (or barline according to the Anglosaxon terminology).
  • the example shown in figure 6 corresponds to a multiband use.
  • the coupling slots 101, 102 may not include filtering arm 15. It is the same for a polarization and frequency separator 40 located at the end of a duplexer chain 40 set cascading in a multiband use as shown in the figure 4 .
  • FIG. 4 illustrates dual-use.
  • a first coupler 10 connected to the horn antenna 12, separates (or couples) the horizontal and vertical polarizations of the high frequency band.
  • the sub-cut filter 13 between the two couplers 10 attenuates the low frequencies (filter high pass) and only the high frequencies propagate in the second coupler 10 of smaller dimensions.
  • This second coupler 10 will separate (or couple) the polarizations of the high frequency band.
  • the sub-cut filter 13 is connected to one of the two input / output ports 105 of the coupler 10 and a short circuit plane is connected to the second input / output port.
  • the orthogonal mode coupling coupler with three coupling slots 101, 102 makes it possible to simplify the recombination system of the polarization and frequency separator 40.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Anschlusskoppler (10) mit Orthogonalmodus, der eine Umhüllung umfasst, die einen Kopplungshohlraum begrenzt, wobei sich elektromagnetische Signale, polarisiert gemäß wenigstens zwei linearen orthogonalen Polarisationsmoden, im Innern des Kopplungshohlraums ausbreiten können,
    wobei der Koppler (10) zwei Zugänge umfasst, Ein-/Ausgang (105) genannt, die die Umhüllung durchqueren und im Kopplungshohlraum münden, wobei die zwei Ein-/Ausgänge (105) entlang einer longitudinal genannten Achse (ΔL) mit dem Anschlusskoppler (10) ausgerichtet und an gegenüberliegenden Enden des Anschlusskopplers angeordnet sind, wobei die longitudinale Achse (ΔL) durch die Ausbreitungsrichtung der elektromagnetischen Signale definiert wird,
    dadurch, dass drei Mündungsschlitze, Kopplungsschlitze (101, 102) gennant, in der Umhüllung des Anschlusskopplers (10) vorgesehen sind, wobei die drei Kopplungsschlitze (101, 102) eine transversal genannte Ebene (π) zum Anschlusskoppler (10) durchqueren, wobei die transversale Ebene (π) im Wesentlichen lotrecht zu der longitudinalen Achse (ΔL) ist,
    wobei zwei der drei Kopplungsschlitze entlang einer ersten Achse (ΔT2) transversal zum Anschlusskoppler (10) ausgerichtet sind, wobei der Querschnitt der zwei Kopplungsschlitze (102) dieselben Abmessungen und dieselbe Orientierung haben, wobei die zwei Kopplungsschlitze (102) so konfiguriert sind, dass sie mit einer von zwei linearen orthogonalen Polarisationen der elektromagnetischen Signale gekoppelt werden, die sich zwischen den beiden Ein-/Ausgängen (105) ausbreiten,
    wobei sich der dritte Kopplungsschlitz (101) auf einer zweiten Achse (ΔT1) transversal zum Anschlusskoppler (10) befindet, wobei die zweite transversale Achse (ΔT1) im Wesentlichen lotrecht zur ersten transversalen Achse (ΔT2) ist, wobei der dritte Kopplungsschlitz der einzige Kopplungsschlitz ist, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er mit der anderen linearen orthogonalen Polarisation gekoppelt werden kann,
    wobei der Koppler dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass er einen Schlitz umfasst, Bildschlitz genannt, der in der Umhüllung des Kopplers vorgesehen ist, wobei der Bildschlitz die transversale Ebene (π) durchquert und sich gegenüber dem dritten Kopplungsschlitz (101) befindet, wobei der Querschnitt des Bildschlitzes dieselben Abmessungen und dieselbe Orientierung hat wie der Querschnitt des dritten Kopplungsschlitzes (101), wobei ein Ende des Bildschlitzes im Kopplungshohlraum mündet und das andere Ende durch eine Kurzschlussebene verschlossen wird.
  2. Anschlusskoppler nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die beiden auf der transversalen Achse (ΔT2) ausgerichteten Kopplungsschlitze (102) zum Koppeln mit der linearen vertikalen Polarisation konfiguriert sind, wobei der dritte Kopplungsschlitz zum Koppeln mit der horizontalen Polarisation konfiguriert ist.
  3. Anschlusskoppler (10) nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die beiden in der transversalen Achse (ΔT2) ausgerichteten Kopplungsschlitze (102) zum Koppeln mit der linearen horizontalen Polarisation konfiguriert sind, wobei der dritte Kopplungsschlitz zum Koppeln mit der vertikalen Polarisation konfiguriert ist.
  4. Anschlusskoppler (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei der transversale Querschnitt des Kopplungshohlraums ausgewählt ist aus einer im Wesentlichen quadratischen, rechteckigen, kreisförmigen oder elliptischen Form.
  5. Anschlusskoppler (10) nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, wobei die Kopplungsschlitze so orientiert sind, dass sie eine elektrische Kopplung zulassen.
  6. Anschlusskoppler (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Kopplungsschlitze so orientiert sind, dass sie eine magnetische Kopplung zulassen.
  7. Anschlusskoppler nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei dem die Ein-/Ausgänge (105) mit einer Kurzschlussebene oder einem Sperrfilter (13) verbunden ist.
  8. Polarisations- und Frequenzseparator (40), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen Anschlusskoppler (10) mit Orthogonalmode nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche umfasst, wobei der Koppler zwei Ein-/Ausgänge (105) und drei Kopplungsschlitze (101, 102) umfasst, wobei ein Ein-/Ausgang (105) mit einer Antenne (12) verbunden ist und der andere Ein-/Ausgang (105) mit einer Kurzschlussebene verbunden ist, wobei ein Kopplungsschlitz (101) einen Polarisationszugang (18) bildet und die beiden anderen Kopplungsschlitze (102) mittels eines Addierers (41) vereinigt werden, um einen anderen Polariationszugang (18) zu bilden.
  9. Polarisations- und Frequenzseparator (40) nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei ein Filtrationsarm (15) mit jedem Kopplungsschlitz (101, 102) verbunden ist und wobei die mit einem Ein-/Ausgang (105) verbundene Kurzschlussebene durch ein Sperrfilter (13) ersetzt wird.
  10. Polarisations- und Frequenzseparator (40) nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei die Filtrationsarme (15) und der Addierer (41) in einer Technologie realisiert sind, ausgewählt aus der Wellenleitertechnologie, der Koaxialtechnologie und der Mikrostreifentechnologie.
EP15200108.7A 2014-12-19 2015-12-15 Anschlusskoppler mit orthogonalmodus, und entsprechender polarisations- und frequenztrennschalter Active EP3035445B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1402932A FR3030907B1 (fr) 2014-12-19 2014-12-19 Coupleur de jonction a mode orthogonal et separateur de polarisations et de frequences associe

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EP3035445A1 EP3035445A1 (de) 2016-06-22
EP3035445B1 true EP3035445B1 (de) 2019-01-30

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US (1) US10069210B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3035445B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2915266C (de)
ES (1) ES2721027T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3030907B1 (de)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000016431A1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-23 Channel Master Llc Planar ortho-mode transducer

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6323819B1 (en) * 2000-10-05 2001-11-27 Harris Corporation Dual band multimode coaxial tracking feed
FR2920915B1 (fr) * 2007-09-07 2009-10-23 Thales Sa Coupleur-separateur d'emission-reception multibande a large bande de type omt pour antennes de telecommunications hyperfrequences.
US20100007432A1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2010-01-14 Jaroslaw Uher Orthomode junction assembly with associated filters for use in an antenna feed system
FR2939971B1 (fr) * 2008-12-16 2011-02-11 Thales Sa Ensemble d'excitation compact pour la generation d'une polarisation circulaire dans une antenne et procede d'elaboration d'un tel ensemble d'excitation

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000016431A1 (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-03-23 Channel Master Llc Planar ortho-mode transducer

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US20160181702A1 (en) 2016-06-23
US10069210B2 (en) 2018-09-04
EP3035445A1 (de) 2016-06-22
ES2721027T3 (es) 2019-07-26
FR3030907B1 (fr) 2016-12-23
CA2915266C (en) 2023-11-14
CA2915266A1 (en) 2016-06-19
FR3030907A1 (fr) 2016-06-24

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