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EP3027481B1 - Structure made from composite materials for a carriage chassis - Google Patents

Structure made from composite materials for a carriage chassis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3027481B1
EP3027481B1 EP14744560.5A EP14744560A EP3027481B1 EP 3027481 B1 EP3027481 B1 EP 3027481B1 EP 14744560 A EP14744560 A EP 14744560A EP 3027481 B1 EP3027481 B1 EP 3027481B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
box
composite material
lateral
structure according
elements
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Application number
EP14744560.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3027481A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques VALVERDE
Jean-François Fuchs
Marcel Auberon
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Airbus Defence and Space SAS
Original Assignee
Astrium SAS
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Publication of EP3027481A1 publication Critical patent/EP3027481A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes
    • B61F1/08—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F1/00—Underframes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the general field of rolling stock structures.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a composite beam design for lightening, by using composite materials, the structure of a railway transport vehicle (wagon), rail freight transport.
  • the document FR-A-2704507 discloses a composite material structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the wagon construction sector seeks to reduce the mass of structures forming the vehicle in order to increase payload and / or reduce transport costs by controlling both the production costs of the vehicles and their energy consumption.
  • a first peculiarity to consider is the anisotropic character of the composite materials, the character of which results that their properties, their mechanical properties in particular, are not identical in all directions, because of the presence of the reinforcing fibers composing the material.
  • Such a feature requires defining a material architecture adapted to each application.
  • the composite materials considered are so-called "structural" composite materials which are materials based on long and continuous fibers which represent approximately 50% of the material, the other approximately 50% being constituted by a matrix, generally made of resin thermosetting, epoxy type (EP), diallylphthalate (DAP), polyester or vinylester for example and, more rarely, thermoplastic resin, polyamide type, PEEK or PEI for example.
  • structural composite materials which are materials based on long and continuous fibers which represent approximately 50% of the material, the other approximately 50% being constituted by a matrix, generally made of resin thermosetting, epoxy type (EP), diallylphthalate (DAP), polyester or vinylester for example and, more rarely, thermoplastic resin, polyamide type, PEEK or PEI for example.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a particular structure of composite material that can be used to manufacture vehicles such as those mentioned above.
  • an object of the invention is to define a wagon platform structure, whose shape characteristics are optimized to allow its manufacture in composite materials.
  • the ultimate goal here is to significantly reduce the mass of a wagon structure, while optimizing manufacturing costs for robustness performance equal to or better than the performance of current structures.
  • the various elements constituting the beam are made of composite materials reinforced with glass fibers or carbon fibers or a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  • an intermediate partition of composite material is placed between the upper half-box and the lower half-box, so as to reinforce the rigidity of the median box and the buckling resistance of the side walls of the upper half-box and side walls of the lower half-box.
  • the covering floor consists of a plate-shaped main element (61), made of a monolithic composite material with glass fiber reinforcement, comprising in its middle part a reinforcement element (62) of material composite dimensioned to cover the upper face of the median box (314).
  • the bottom of the upper half-box, the bottom of the lower half-box and a median reinforcement element of the main element of the skin disposed on the upper face of the structure are made of material monolithic composite with reinforcement consisting mainly of unidirectional fibers, said fibers being preferentially carbon fibers.
  • the structure according to the invention further comprises lateral reinforcements made of composite material disposed on either side of the beam and arranged so as to ensure the recovery of the forces applied to the lateral parts of the structure by the load transported.
  • Each reinforcement is secured to a lateral box by one of its ends and the median box by its other end.
  • the elements forming the beam consist of planar faces of composite material.
  • the upper half-box comprises a bottom consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and sandwich structure side walls consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core constituted by an element made of foam of polymer material, or of a material with a honeycomb structure, or of a balsa-type wood.
  • the lower half-box comprises a bottom consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and sandwich-structure side walls consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core constituted by an element made of foam of polymer material, or of a material with a honeycomb structure, or of a balsa-type wood.
  • the lateral reinforcing elements have a sandwich structure consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core consisting of a foam element made of a polymer material or a structural material. honeycomb, or a balsa type of wood.
  • the various elements of the structure according to the invention comprise rims arranged so as to allow the assembly of said elements by bonding and / or bolting and / or riveting, two elements assembled to each other having flanges arranged to be placed vis-à-vis at the time of assembly.
  • the schematic figures 1 and 2 are intended to present the basic structure of the frame according to the invention.
  • the frame according to the invention mainly comprises an upper plate 11 intended to support the transported load 13, having end reinforcements 111 and 112, and a lower box 12, or reinforcement, located under the central part of the plate 11 intended to give the assembly increased rigidity in the central part, in particular in terms of longitudinal and transverse bending.
  • the end reinforcements have for their main function to ensure the recovery of forces imposed on the structure at the hinge axes 113 and 114 of the chassis with the running gear of the vehicle (bogies), and the recovery of the forces experienced by the vehicle, the wagon, at the level of the connecting pieces, shock absorbers or end buffers, etc.
  • the various structural elements of the chassis are made of composite materials.
  • the structure of each of the elements is furthermore defined in such a way that the parts to be subjected to stresses in the plane are constituted by simple webs of composite material, with a monolithic structure, preferably comprising a reinforcement of longitudinally oriented fibers, while the parts of an element to undergo off-plane stresses, twists for example, have a sandwich structure formed of two skins of composite material separated by a spacer element, a core, made of a filling material, preferably the lightest possible, a foam of polymeric material of PS type, PVC, PU, PET for example, or nida or a low density wood, balsa type for example ...
  • the fibers constituting the reinforcement of the composite material used are either glass fibers or carbon fibers, which are either in the U-shaped bend nor irectionnel (UD) either in the form of woven folds (fabrics) that are stacked as much as necessary.
  • UD U-shaped bend nor irectionnel
  • fabrics woven folds
  • the wagon chassis according to the invention consists mainly of a beam 31 which groups together the functionalities of the upper plate 11 and the lower box 12 of the principle structure described above, the beam 31 being covered a cover plate 32.
  • the coating 32 is a planar element, relatively thin, made of composite material, the dimensions of which are defined so that it covers the entire surface of the structure (of the frame).
  • the skin 32 is constituted by a first planar element 321 made of fiberglass reinforced composite material having a reinforced middle portion on its underside by a second flat element 322 made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement. also.
  • the second element 322 can also be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, optionally UD, so as to have in particular a greater mechanical strength (traction / compression and bending in particular). and a lower weight-resistance ratio.
  • the beam 31 forming the plate has a central portion 311 and two end zones 312 and 313 on which are articulated the running gear of the vehicle, ie the bogies of the car in the present example.
  • the central portion 311 and the two ends 312 and 313 of the beam 31 are constituted by a single element, made of composite material, incorporating reinforcing elements 35, 36 at its ends, as illustrated by the figures 3 and 5 .
  • These reinforcing elements, in the form of webs or beams of composite material, are intended in particular to strengthen the area of connection and articulation with the bogies and the transmission of forces applied to the buffers.
  • the beam 31 according to the invention consists of a median box 314 and two side boxes 315, 316 located on either side of the median box 314, in the longitudinal direction, and assembled at the median box 314.
  • the median box 314 can be made in one piece. Nevertheless, for reasons of ease of embodiment in particular, it is preferably made in two parts, an upper half-box 317 extending over the entire length of the car and a lower half-box 318 which reinforces the half upper box 317 in the central zone 311 of the beam 31.
  • the upper half-box forms both the central portion 311 and the reinforced ends 312 and 313 of the beam 31.
  • the lower half-box 318 located only in the central part of the wagon has a bottom wall 319 whose function is to reinforce the bending inertia of the assembly.
  • this wall 319 is extended, as illustrated by figure 3 beyond the limits of the lower half-casing 318 to the end zones 312 and 313 of the upper half-casing 317, so as to close said upper half-casing and thus participate in the recovery of forces, printed in particular by the axes of articulation of the bogies.
  • each half-box in particular that of the lower half box 318, is defined according to the manufacturing choices selected to meet the mechanical stresses that the structure must bear, the weight of the load in particular.
  • the side boxes 315 and 316 are, for their part, are continuous elements along the entire length of the wagon. Located on either side of the upper half-box 317, they constitute with it the upper face of the beam 31 on which rests the skin 32. They also contribute to the longitudinal and transverse flexural strength of the frame thus formed and participate in the resumption of efforts to the right of the buffers.
  • the central part of the beam 31 is furthermore reinforced laterally by lateral elements 33 and 34 made of composite material, arranged obliquely and which, according to the variant embodiment considered, adorn this central part continuously over its entire length and form 2 lateral reinforcing walls, or, alternatively, constituting localized reinforcements, forming oblique reinforcing bars spaced apart from each other along the central part of the beam 31.
  • lateral elements 33 and 34 serve to reinforce the straining forces. transverse flexion and thus limit any torsion of the structure.
  • the panel constituting the skin 32 disposed on the upper face of the structure consists of a main planar element 61 covering by its dimensions the entire surface formed by the upper faces of the median box 314 and the side boxes 315 and 316 and a median reinforcing element 62, also plane, disposed facing the upper face of the median box 314.
  • the main element 61 may for example be made of fiberglass reinforced composite material, as well as the reinforcing element 62.
  • the second element 62 may also be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, optionally UD, so as to have a higher mechanical strength (traction / compression and bending in particular) and a lower weight-resistance ratio.
  • the upper half-box 317 is formed mainly of a bottom 71 consisting of a monolithic wall of composite material, and two side walls 72 and 73, these walls extending over the entire length of the median box.
  • the monolithic bottom 71 may according to the embodiments envisaged consist of two skins (76, 77) made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement, the reinforcement mainly consisting of UD layers of glass fibers, or alternatively, for reasons mechanical strength in particular and lower weight-resistance ratio, made of composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement.
  • the two side walls 72 and 73 have a sandwich structure formed of two skins 76, 77 made of composite material separated by an intermediate element 78, a core made of a filling material, a foam of polymeric material of the same type.
  • PS, PVC, PU, PET for example, or a material with a honeycomb structure (nida) or a balsa-type wood for example.
  • Their sandwich structure allows the side walls to have a better buckling stability.
  • the upper half-casing 317 has a generally parallelepipedal overall shape with an open face, opposite to the face forming the bottom 71.
  • the side walls 72 and 73 each have a flange 74 or 75 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box over the entire length thereof, this flange being used to realize assembly of the complete chassis.
  • the lower half-box 318 is mainly constituted, as the upper half-box of a bottom 81 and two side walls 82 and 83 which border the central part of the middle box 314. As well as the walls 72 and 73 of the upper half-box, the two side walls 82 and 83 here have a sandwich structure.
  • the bottom 81 which extends, as has been said previously, over the entire length of the structure and whose function is to reinforce the bending inertia of the whole structure (of the frame), also has a monolithic structure consisting, according to the embodiments envisaged, of the two skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement, the reinforcement mainly consisting of UD layers made of glass fibers, or alternatively, in particular for reasons of mechanical strength and ratio lower weight-resistance, made of composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement.
  • the lower half-box 318 has a trapezoidal-shaped prism shape whose bases represent the side walls 82 and 83 of the half-box.
  • the front and rear faces of the half-box are constituted by the bottom 81 which extends obliquely forwards and backwards, beyond the lower half-box 318, so as to come gradually into contact with the upper half-box 317, with its edges 74 and 75, as illustrated by the figure 3 for example.
  • the side walls 72 and 73 each have a flange 84 or 85 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box considered over the entire length thereof, this flange being used to achieve the assembly of the frame full.
  • the side walls 82 and 83 each have a flange 84 or 85 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box over the entire length thereof.
  • the bottom 81 has, on its part extending out of the lower half-box, flat flanges 86 and 87, used to complete the assembly of the complete frame.
  • the flanges 86 and 87 are configured and arranged such that they are placed, at the ends of the structure, facing the flanges 74 and 75 of the side walls of the upper half-box 317.
  • the flanges 84 and 85 are themselves configured and arranged so that they are placed at the central part of the structure, facing the edges 74 and 75 of the walls.
  • This assembly can for example be made by gluing the flanges, or by riveting or bolting, or by a joint collage-plus-riveting assembly of these same edges.
  • each box comprises a vertical inner side wall 91 intended to come into contact with one of the side walls of the upper half-box 317 and an oblique outer side wall 92 forming an outer upper edge of the frame.
  • the oblique orientation of the outer lateral wall advantageously makes it possible to produce a support without adjustment to assemble the lateral elements 33 and 34.
  • the lateral walls of a lateral box are interconnected by a flat bottom 93 parallel to the plane of the bottom 71 of the upper half-box.
  • the walls of lateral caissons are constituted, as the side walls of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 of two skins made of composite material, reinforced with glass fibers, separated by a core made of filling, foam of polymeric material, or material honeycomb structure (nida), or wood, such as balsa.
  • a filler material may be furthermore integrated in the caissons 315 and 316, a material consisting of either a foam of polymer material, or a honeycomb structure material (nida), or else Balsa type wood for example.
  • This material makes it possible to bind the inner skins 91-92-93 of the lateral boxes 315-316 to one another and to the skin placed on the upper face of the plate 32.
  • the lateral reinforcement elements of composite material 33 and 34 intended to reinforce the resistance to torsion and bending (longitudinal and transverse) of the frame structure according to the invention are also constituted, as the side walls of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 of two skins in composite material, reinforced with glass fibers, separated by a core consisting either of foam of polymeric material or of a material with a honeycomb structure (nida), or else of balsa type wood for example.
  • the body 101 of the reinforcement is extended by flanges 102 and 103 arranged vis-à-vis the body 101 so as to facilitate the assembly of the considered reinforcing element with the outer side wall of the corresponding side box 315 or 316 and with the side wall of the lower half-casing 318.
  • This assembly can for example be achieved by bonding the flanges, or by riveting or bolting, or by a joint assembly bond-plus-riveting these same flanges.
  • the chassis structure according to the invention has the important advantage of being composed of elements having both a simple morphology and easy to assemble (faces and supports on flat faces), as well as an internal structure that is easy to make. These characteristics advantageously make it easier to assemble such a structure, despite the sometimes large dimensions of the latter.
  • the composite material elements forming the structure according to the invention being simple shaped elements having flat faces
  • the structure according to the invention can advantageously be constructed in a simple and inexpensive way, the various elements made of composite materials constituting the structure being able to be carried out by simple methods, mainly by draping prepregs and / or dry fibers, associated with a polymerization under vacuum or RTM, or by infusion taking into account the large size of the elements manufactured, such as those implemented in the realization of wind turbine blades for example.
  • the assembly of the various composite elements constituting the frame according to the invention is advantageously simple to realize insofar as all the connections take place along supports planes and linear provided for this purpose, the assembly can be achieved using tools not complex, by bonding, or by riveting or bolting, or by a mixed collage-plus-riveting assembly of different elements to each other for example.
  • steps 3 and 4 can be switched. Furthermore, according to the embodiments envisaged, steps 1 to 4 may be performed in a different order, 2, 3, 1, 4 or 3, 2, 1, 4 for example.
  • the assembly of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 can be achieved by interposing between the two half-boxes, the connection of the edges 74-75 and 84-85, a plateau intermediate, as described above, this plate having the function of reinforcing the rigidity of the assembled beam.
  • the composite beam 31 thus produced incorporates at its ends, at the level of the reinforcements, metal elements whose role is notably to interface with the bogies and with the buffers. end.
  • the fixing of the metal elements to the composite material structure according to the invention is carried out by appropriate fastening means (bolts and / or rivets), for example by using an appropriate technique of assembly between metal parts and parts made of material composite, as described in FR 2 948 154 owned by the applicant.
  • the complete embodiment of a frame according to the invention also comprises an operation of placing and fixing the interface elements on the beam 31, at the ends of the boxes 315, 316 and 317, an operation which according to the manufacturing method adopted can be carried out on the boxes before assembly or during assembly, after step 2 for example.
  • this invention can be used on all types of railway vehicles intended for the transport of freight (wagons) or passengers. It can also be used to make chassis of road freight vehicles, truck trailers in particular.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE DE L'INVENTIONFIELD OF THE INVENTION

L'invention se rapporte au domaine général des structures de matériels roulants. L'invention porte plus particulièrement sur une conception de poutre composite destinée à alléger, par utilisation de matériaux composites, la structure d'un véhicule de transport ferroviaire (wagon), de transport de fret ferroviaire. Le document FR-A-2704507 décrit une structure en matériaux composites selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The invention relates to the general field of rolling stock structures. The invention relates more particularly to a composite beam design for lightening, by using composite materials, the structure of a railway transport vehicle (wagon), rail freight transport. The document FR-A-2704507 discloses a composite material structure according to the preamble of claim 1.

CONTEXTE DE L'INVENTION - ART ANTERIEURBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION - PRIOR ART

Le secteur de la construction des wagons, comme c'est le cas dans tous les domaines du transport, cherche à diminuer la masse des structures formant le véhicule afin d'augmenter la charge utile et/ou de réduire les coûts de transport en maitrisant à la fois et les coûts de production des véhicules ainsi que leurs consommations d'énergie.The wagon construction sector, as is the case in all areas of transport, seeks to reduce the mass of structures forming the vehicle in order to increase payload and / or reduce transport costs by controlling both the production costs of the vehicles and their energy consumption.

A ce jour les wagons sont exclusivement formés de structures métalliques, généralement en acier et parfois en aluminium.To date the wagons are exclusively formed of metal structures, usually steel and sometimes aluminum.

Il est cependant naturel, en ce qui concerne les transports, d'envisager des réalisations plus légères, utilisant en particulier des matériaux composites. Mais il est également connu qu'on ne peut pas remplacer, par simple substitution de matériau, une structure en métal pour une structure de forme identique en matériau composite. Il est généralement nécessaire de reconcevoir entièrement les structures pour exploiter toutes les caractéristiques techniques et propriétés propres aux matériaux composites.However, it is natural for transport to consider lighter realizations, particularly using composite materials. But it is also known that one can not replace, by simple substitution of material, a metal structure for a structure of identical shape of composite material. It is usually necessary to completely redesign structures to exploit all the technical characteristics and properties specific to composite materials.

La nécessité de reconcevoir ces structures dans le cadre de l'emploi de matériaux composites tient notamment aux particularités décrites ci-après.The need to redesign these structures in the context of the use of composite materials is due in particular to the features described below.

Une première particularité à considérer est le caractère anisotrope des matériaux composites, caractère dont il résulte que leurs propriétés, leur propriétés mécaniques en particulier, ne sont pas identiques dans toutes les directions, du fait de la présence des fibres de renfort composant le matériau. Une telle particularité impose de définir une architecture de matériau adaptée à chaque application.A first peculiarity to consider is the anisotropic character of the composite materials, the character of which results that their properties, their mechanical properties in particular, are not identical in all directions, because of the presence of the reinforcing fibers composing the material. Such a feature requires defining a material architecture adapted to each application.

Une autre particularité à considérer est la variété des procédés de fabrication employés (moulage, infusion sous vide, RTM (Resin Transfer Moulding), drapage, ....) ainsi que les techniques d'assemblage, utilisées pour assembler des éléments en matériaux composites, sont généralement propres à ces matériaux. Contrairement à ce qui ce passe avec des métaux, Il est en effet peu envisageable, par exemple, de souder des matériaux composites thermodurcissables, mais il est tout à fait approprié d'assembler de tels matériaux par collage, ce qui est exactement à l'opposé de ce qu'il est possible de réaliser avec des métaux.Another particularity to consider is the variety of manufacturing processes used (molding, vacuum infusion, RTM ( R esin Transfer M oulding), draping, ....) and the assembly techniques used to assemble elements into composite materials, are generally peculiar to these materials. Contrary to what happens with metals, It is in fact hardly conceivable, for example, to weld composite thermosetting materials, but it is quite appropriate to assemble such materials by gluing, which is exactly the same. opposite of what is possible to achieve with metals.

Une autre particularité encore réside dans les spécificités des différentes variantes de matériaux composites disponibles, en particulier en ce qui concerne la nature des fibres utilisées, fibres minérales (fibres de verre, de carbone, etc...) ou bien organiques, nature qui confère aux composites correspondants des propriétés, des comportements, ainsi que des coûts différents. Ainsi, les matériaux composites à base de fibres de verre sont les moins couteux, tandis que les composite à fibres de carbone apparaissent les plus chers.Yet another particularity lies in the specificities of the different variants of composite materials available, in particular with regard to the nature of the fibers used, mineral fibers (glass fibers, carbon fibers, etc.) or organic fibers, a nature which confers to the corresponding composites properties, behaviors, as well as different costs. Thus, composite materials based on glass fibers are the least expensive, while carbon fiber composites appear the most expensive.

Du fait de ces particularités, l'utilisation de structures en matériaux composites pour réaliser des matériels roulants capable de transporter des charges importantes, est à ce jour peu ou pas développée, en particulier en ce qui concerne la fabrication de wagons de marchandises notamment.Because of these features, the use of composite material structures to produce rolling stock capable of carrying significant loads, is currently little or not developed, particularly with regard to the manufacture of freight cars in particular.

On rappelle ici que les matériaux composites considérés sont les matériaux composites dits "structuraux" qui sont des matériaux à base de fibres longues et continues qui représentent environ 50% du matériau, les autres 50% environ étant constitués par une matrice, en général en résine thermodurcissable, de type époxy (EP), diallylphtalate (DAP), polyester ou vinylester par exemple et, plus rarement, en résine thermoplastique, de type polyamide, PEEK ou PEI par exemple.It is recalled here that the composite materials considered are so-called "structural" composite materials which are materials based on long and continuous fibers which represent approximately 50% of the material, the other approximately 50% being constituted by a matrix, generally made of resin thermosetting, epoxy type (EP), diallylphthalate (DAP), polyester or vinylester for example and, more rarely, thermoplastic resin, polyamide type, PEEK or PEI for example.

PRESENTATION DE L'INVENTIONPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une structure particulière en matériau composite pouvant être utilisée pour fabriquer des véhicules tels que ceux évoqués précédemment. En particulier, un but de l'invention est de définir une structure de plateforme de wagon, dont les caractéristiques de forme sont optimisées pour permettre sa fabrication en matériaux composites.An object of the invention is to provide a particular structure of composite material that can be used to manufacture vehicles such as those mentioned above. In particular, an object of the invention is to define a wagon platform structure, whose shape characteristics are optimized to allow its manufacture in composite materials.

Le but final est ici de diminuer significativement la masse de la structure d'un wagon, tout en optimisant les coûts de fabrication pour des performances de robustesse égales ou supérieures aux performances des structures actuelles.The ultimate goal here is to significantly reduce the mass of a wagon structure, while optimizing manufacturing costs for robustness performance equal to or better than the performance of current structures.

A cet effet l'invention a pour objet une structure en matériau composite, notamment pour châssis de véhicule de transport de marchandises ou de passagers, ladite structure étant configurée pour accueillir un train roulant ou un bogie à chacune de ses extrémités, ladite structure comportant au moins une poutre centrale formant un plateau sur lequel repose la charge du véhicule, ladite poutre comportant:

  • un caisson médian présentant une partie centrale et deux extrémités, lesdites extrémités présentant des renforts pour supporter les contraintes transmises au châssis par les éléments d'articulation des trains roulants et par les éléments d'absorption de chocs, disposés aux extrémités du véhicule, la partie centrale du caisson médian étant configurée de façon à présenter une partie renforcée augmentant la résistance de la poutre aux efforts de flexion imposés par la charge transportée. Selon l'invention, ladite poutre comporte
  • deux caissons latéraux s'étendant sur toute la longueur du caisson médian, assemblés au dit caisson médian, et dont les faces supérieures forment, avec la face supérieure du caisson médian, la face supérieur de la poutre. Lesdits caissons latéraux sont configurés de façon à renforcer la résistance de la poutre aux efforts de flexion longitudinale et transverse qui lui sont imposés;
  • un plancher de recouvrement formant une peau, configuré de façon à recouvrir les faces supérieures du caisson médian et des caissons latéraux.
For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a structure made of composite material, in particular for a vehicle chassis for transporting goods or passengers, said structure being configured to accommodate a running gear or a bogie at each of its ends, said structure comprising at least one central beam forming a platform on which the load of the vehicle rests, said beam comprising:
  • a median box having a central portion and two ends, said ends having reinforcements for supporting the stresses transmitted to the frame by the hinge elements of the running gear and by the shock absorption elements, arranged at the ends of the vehicle, the part middle of the median box being configured to have a reinforced portion increasing the resistance of the beam to the bending forces imposed by the load carried. According to the invention, said beam comprises
  • two lateral caissons extending over the entire length of the median box, assembled to said median box, and whose upper faces form, with the upper face of the median box, the upper face of the beam. Said lateral caissons are configured so as to reinforce the resistance of the beam to the longitudinal and transverse bending forces imposed on it;
  • a covering floor forming a skin, configured to cover the upper faces of the median box and the side boxes.

Selon l'invention, les différents éléments constituant la poutre sont réalisés en matériaux composites à renforts en fibres de verre ou en fibres de carbone ou en un mélange de fibres de verre et de fibres de carbone.According to the invention, the various elements constituting the beam are made of composite materials reinforced with glass fibers or carbon fibers or a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.

Selon diverses dispositions pouvant être considérées seules ou en combinaison la structure selon l'invention présente diverse caractéristiques complémentaires. Ainsi:

  • Selon une caractéristique particulière, le caisson médian étant constitué d'un demi-caisson supérieur s'étendant sur toute la longueur de la poutre et d'un demi-caisson inférieur disposé en partie centrale, les deux demi-caissons comportant chacun un fond et deux parois latérales. Le demi-caisson supérieur et le demi-caisson inférieur sont agencés l'un par rapport à l'autre de telle façon que le fond du demi-caisson supérieur forme la face supérieure du caisson médian et que le fond du demi-caisson inférieur forme la face inférieure dudit caisson. Le fond du demi-caisson inférieur se prolonge par ailleurs à l'extérieur de celui-ci vers les extrémités de la poutre.
According to various provisions that can be considered alone or in combination the structure according to the invention has several complementary characteristics. So:
  • According to a particular characteristic, the median box consisting of an upper half-box extending over the entire length of the beam and a lower half-box disposed in central part, the two half-boxes each having a bottom and two side walls. The upper half-box and the lower half-box are arranged relative to each other so that the bottom of the upper half-box forms the upper face of the middle box and the bottom of the lower half-box forms the underside of said box. The bottom of the lower half-box also extends outside thereof towards the ends of the beam.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, une cloison intermédiaire en matériau composite est placée entre le demi-caisson supérieur et le demi-caisson inférieur, de façon à renforcer la rigidité du caisson médian ainsi que la résistance au flambage des parois latérales du demi-caisson supérieur et des parois latérales du demi-caisson inférieur.According to another particular characteristic, an intermediate partition of composite material is placed between the upper half-box and the lower half-box, so as to reinforce the rigidity of the median box and the buckling resistance of the side walls of the upper half-box and side walls of the lower half-box.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, le plancher de recouvrement est constitué d'un élément principal (61) en forme de plaque, en matériau composite monolithique à renfort en fibres de verre, comportant dans sa partie médiane un élément de renfort (62) en matériau composite dimensionné de façon à couvrir la face supérieur du caisson médian (314).According to another particular characteristic, the covering floor consists of a plate-shaped main element (61), made of a monolithic composite material with glass fiber reinforcement, comprising in its middle part a reinforcement element (62) of material composite dimensioned to cover the upper face of the median box (314).

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, le fond du demi-caisson supérieur, le fond du demi-caisson inférieur ainsi que d'un élément de renfort médian de l'élément principal de la peau disposée sur la face supérieure de la structure sont réalisés en matériau composite monolithique à renfort constitué principalement de fibres unidirectionnelles, lesdites fibres étant préférentiellement des fibres de carbone.According to another particular characteristic, the bottom of the upper half-box, the bottom of the lower half-box and a median reinforcement element of the main element of the skin disposed on the upper face of the structure are made of material monolithic composite with reinforcement consisting mainly of unidirectional fibers, said fibers being preferentially carbon fibers.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, la structure selon l'invention comporte en outre des renforts latéraux en matériau composite disposés de part et d'autre de la poutre et agencés de façon a assurer la reprises des efforts appliqués sur les parties latérales de la structure par la charge transportée. Chaque renfort est solidaire d'un caisson latéral par une de ses extrémités et du caisson médian par son autre extrémité.According to another particular characteristic, the structure according to the invention further comprises lateral reinforcements made of composite material disposed on either side of the beam and arranged so as to ensure the recovery of the forces applied to the lateral parts of the structure by the load transported. Each reinforcement is secured to a lateral box by one of its ends and the median box by its other end.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, les éléments formant la poutre sont constitués de faces planes en matériau composite.According to another particular characteristic, the elements forming the beam consist of planar faces of composite material.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, le demi-caisson supérieur comporte un fond constitué d'une plaque de matériau composite monolithique et des parois latérales à structure en sandwich constituée de deux peaux minces en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre et d'une âme constituée par un élément soit en mousse de matériau polymère, soit en un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille, ou soit en un bois de type balsa.According to another particular feature, the upper half-box comprises a bottom consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and sandwich structure side walls consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core constituted by an element made of foam of polymer material, or of a material with a honeycomb structure, or of a balsa-type wood.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, le demi-caisson inférieur comporte un fond constitué d'une plaque de matériau composite monolithique et des parois latérales à structure en sandwich constituée de deux peaux minces en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre et d'une âme constituée par un élément soit en mousse de matériau polymère, soit en un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille, ou soit en un bois de type balsa.According to another particular feature, the lower half-box comprises a bottom consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and sandwich-structure side walls consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core constituted by an element made of foam of polymer material, or of a material with a honeycomb structure, or of a balsa-type wood.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, les éléments de renfort latéraux présentent une structure en sandwich constituée de deux peaux minces en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre et d'une âme constituée par un élément en mousse de matériau polymère ou en un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille, ou encore en un bois de type balsa.According to another particular characteristic, the lateral reinforcing elements have a sandwich structure consisting of two thin skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement and a core consisting of a foam element made of a polymer material or a structural material. honeycomb, or a balsa type of wood.

Selon une autre caractéristique particulière, les différents éléments de la structure selon l'invention comportent des rebords agencés de façon à permettre l'assemblage desdits éléments par collage et/ou boulonnage et/ou rivetage, deux éléments assemblés l'un à l'autre présentant des rebords agencés de façon à être placés en vis-à-vis au moment de l'assemblage.According to another particular characteristic, the various elements of the structure according to the invention comprise rims arranged so as to allow the assembly of said elements by bonding and / or bolting and / or riveting, two elements assembled to each other having flanges arranged to be placed vis-à-vis at the time of assembly.

DESCRIPTION DES FIGURESDESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux appréciés grâce à la description qui suit, description qui s'appuie sur les figures annexées qui présentent:

  • les figures 1 et 2, des illustrations schématiques présentant la structure de principe du châssis selon l'invention en vue latérale et en coupe frontale au niveau de la partie médiane du châssis.
  • la figure 3, une vue schématique latérale, en coupe, d'un exemple de réalisation de châssis selon l'invention;
  • la figure 4, une vue schématique en coupe transversale du châssis de la figure 3, selon un plan passant dans la zone centrale de la structure;
  • la figure 5, une vue schématique en coupe transversale du châssis de la figure 3, selon un plan passant au niveau d'une extrémité de la structure;
  • la figure 6, une vue schématique en coupe transversale du plateau surmontant la structure du châssis selon l'invention, dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3;
  • la figure 7, une vue schématique en coupe transversale du demi-caisson supérieur constituant la poutre du châssis selon l'invention, dans le même mode de réalisation;
  • la figure 8, une vue schématique en coupe transversale du demi-caisson inférieur constituant la poutre du châssis selon l'invention, dans le même mode de réalisation;
  • la figure9, une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un caisson latéral constituant la poutre du châssis selon l'invention, dans le même mode de réalisation;
  • la figure 10, une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un panneau de renfort latéral pouvant être intégré à la poutre de la structure du châssis selon l'invention;
  • la figure 11, une illustration schématique des différentes étapes de l'assemblage de la structure selon l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will be better appreciated thanks to the following description, which is based on the appended figures which show:
  • the Figures 1 and 2 schematic illustrations presenting the basic structure of the frame according to the invention in side view and in frontal section at the middle portion of the frame.
  • the figure 3 , a schematic side view, in section, of an embodiment of the frame according to the invention;
  • the figure 4 , a schematic cross-sectional view of the chassis of the figure 3 , according to a plane passing in the central zone of the structure;
  • the figure 5 , a schematic cross-sectional view of the chassis of the figure 3 , according to a plane passing at one end of the structure;
  • the figure 6 , a schematic cross-sectional view of the plate surmounting the structure of the frame according to the invention, in the embodiment of the figure 3 ;
  • the figure 7 , a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper half-box constituting the beam of the frame according to the invention, in the same embodiment;
  • the figure 8 , a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower half-box constituting the beam of the frame according to the invention, in the same embodiment;
  • the Figure9 , a schematic cross-sectional view of a lateral box constituting the beam of the frame according to the invention, in the same embodiment;
  • the figure 10 , a schematic cross-sectional view of a lateral reinforcing panel that can be integrated into the beam of the frame structure according to the invention;
  • the figure 11 , a schematic illustration of the different stages of the assembly of the structure according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION DETAILLEEDETAILED DESCRIPTION

Les figures schématiques 1 et 2 ont pour objet de présenter la structure de principe du châssis selon l'invention. Selon ce principe le châssis selon l'invention comporte principalement un plateau supérieur 11 destiné à supporter la charge transportée 13, présentant des renforts d'extrémités 111 et 112, ainsi qu'un caisson bas 12, ou renfort, situé sous la partie centrale du plateau 11 destiné à conférer à l'ensemble une rigidité accrue dans la partie centrale, en particulier en termes de flexion longitudinale et transverse.The schematic figures 1 and 2 are intended to present the basic structure of the frame according to the invention. According to this principle the frame according to the invention mainly comprises an upper plate 11 intended to support the transported load 13, having end reinforcements 111 and 112, and a lower box 12, or reinforcement, located under the central part of the plate 11 intended to give the assembly increased rigidity in the central part, in particular in terms of longitudinal and transverse bending.

Les renforts d'extrémités ont quant à eux pour fonction principale d'assurer la reprise des efforts imposés à la structure au niveau des axes d'articulation 113 et 114 du châssis avec les trains roulants du véhicule (bogies), ainsi que la reprise des efforts subis par le véhicule, le wagon, au niveau des pièces de liaisons, des absorbeurs de chocs ou tampons d'extrémités, etc...The end reinforcements have for their main function to ensure the recovery of forces imposed on the structure at the hinge axes 113 and 114 of the chassis with the running gear of the vehicle (bogies), and the recovery of the forces experienced by the vehicle, the wagon, at the level of the connecting pieces, shock absorbers or end buffers, etc.

Selon l'invention, les différents éléments structuraux du châssis sont réalisés en matériaux composites. La structure de chacun des éléments est par ailleurs définie de telle façon que les parties devant subir des contraintes dans le plan sont constituées par des voiles simples de matériau composite, à structure monolithique, comportant préférentiellement un renfort en fibres orientées longitudinalement, alors que les parties d'un élément devant subir des contraintes hors plan, des torsions par exemple, présentent une structure en sandwich formée de deux peaux en matériau composite séparées par un élément intercalaire, une âme, constitué d'un matériau de remplissage, de préférence le plus léger possible, une mousse de matériau polymère de type PS, PVC, PU, PET par exemple, ou encore du nida ou un bois de faible densité, de type balsa par exemple...According to the invention, the various structural elements of the chassis are made of composite materials. The structure of each of the elements is furthermore defined in such a way that the parts to be subjected to stresses in the plane are constituted by simple webs of composite material, with a monolithic structure, preferably comprising a reinforcement of longitudinally oriented fibers, while the parts of an element to undergo off-plane stresses, twists for example, have a sandwich structure formed of two skins of composite material separated by a spacer element, a core, made of a filling material, preferably the lightest possible, a foam of polymeric material of PS type, PVC, PU, PET for example, or nida or a low density wood, balsa type for example ...

Selon les contraintes que doit supporter l'élément de structure considéré, les fibres constituant le renfort du matériau composite utilisé sont soit des fibres de verre, soit des fibres de carbone, qui se présentent soit sous forme de plis unidirectionnel (UD), soit sous forme de plis tissés (tissus) que l'on empile autant que de besoin. La structure de chaque panneau, c'est à dire le choix de plis, de leur orientation dans le matériau, de leur empilement est réalisé grâce à des outils de simulation biens connus de l'homme du métier ; sachant que l'on recherche toujours une optimisation en termes de masse et de cout de production de la pièce que l'on conçoit.According to the constraints that must support the considered structural member, the fibers constituting the reinforcement of the composite material used are either glass fibers or carbon fibers, which are either in the U-shaped bend nor irectionnel (UD) either in the form of woven folds (fabrics) that are stacked as much as necessary. The structure of each panel is to say the choice of folds, their orientation in the material, their stacking is achieved through simulation tools well known to those skilled in the art; knowing that we are always looking for an optimization in terms of mass and cost of production of the piece that we conceive.

La description qui suit présente un exemple de réalisation d'un châssis de wagon construit sur cette structure types. Cet exemple a pour objet de bien mettre en évidence les caractéristiques techniques particulières de l'invention. La portée de l'invention n'est bien entendu pas limitée au cadre de ce seul exemple.The following description shows an embodiment of a wagon chassis built on this type structure. This example is intended to highlight the particular technical features of the invention. The scope of the invention is of course not limited to the scope of this single example.

Comme l'illustrent les figures 3 à 5, dans cet exemple de réalisation, le châssis de wagon selon l'invention se compose principalement d'une poutre 31 qui regroupe les fonctionnalités du plateau supérieur 11 ainsi que le caisson bas 12 de la structure de principe décrite précédemment, la poutre 31 étant recouverte d'une plaque de revêtement 32.As illustrated by Figures 3 to 5 , in this embodiment, the wagon chassis according to the invention consists mainly of a beam 31 which groups together the functionalities of the upper plate 11 and the lower box 12 of the principle structure described above, the beam 31 being covered a cover plate 32.

Le revêtement 32, ou peau, est un élément plan, de relativement faible épaisseur, réalisé en matériau composite, dont les dimensions sont définies de façon à ce qu'il recouvre l'ensemble de la surface de la structure (du châssis). Dans un mode de réalisation préféré la peau 32 est constituée par un premier élément plan 321 en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre présentant une partie médiane renforcée sur sa face inférieure par un second élément plan 322 en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre également. Dans des formes de réalisation particulières, cependant, le second élément 322, peut également être réalisé en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de carbone, éventuellement UD, de façon à présenter notamment une plus grande résistance mécanique (traction/compression et flexion en particulier) et un ratio poids-résistance plus faible.The coating 32, or skin, is a planar element, relatively thin, made of composite material, the dimensions of which are defined so that it covers the entire surface of the structure (of the frame). In a preferred embodiment, the skin 32 is constituted by a first planar element 321 made of fiberglass reinforced composite material having a reinforced middle portion on its underside by a second flat element 322 made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement. also. In particular embodiments, however, the second element 322 can also be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, optionally UD, so as to have in particular a greater mechanical strength (traction / compression and bending in particular). and a lower weight-resistance ratio.

La poutre 31 formant le plateau présente quant à elle une partie centrale 311 et de deux zones d'extrémités 312 et 313 sur lesquelles viennent s'articuler les trains roulants du véhicule, autrement dit les bogies du wagon dans l'exemple présent. D'un point de vue structurel, la partie centrale 311 et les deux extrémités 312 et 313 de la poutre 31 sont constituées par un seul et même élément, réalisé en matériau composite, intégrant des éléments de renfort 35, 36 à ses extrémités, comme illustré par les figures 3 et 5. Ces éléments de renfort, se présentant sous forme de voiles ou de poutres en matériau composite, sont notamment destinés à renforcer la zone de liaison et d'articulation avec les bogies ainsi que la transmission des efforts appliqués aux tampons.The beam 31 forming the plate has a central portion 311 and two end zones 312 and 313 on which are articulated the running gear of the vehicle, ie the bogies of the car in the present example. From a structural point of view, the central portion 311 and the two ends 312 and 313 of the beam 31 are constituted by a single element, made of composite material, incorporating reinforcing elements 35, 36 at its ends, as illustrated by the figures 3 and 5 . These reinforcing elements, in the form of webs or beams of composite material, are intended in particular to strengthen the area of connection and articulation with the bogies and the transmission of forces applied to the buffers.

Dans cet exemple de mise en oeuvre, la poutre 31 selon l'invention est constituée d'un caisson médian 314 et de deux caissons latéraux 315, 316 situés de part et d'autre du caisson médian 314, dans le sens longitudinal, et assemblés au caisson médian 314.In this example of implementation, the beam 31 according to the invention consists of a median box 314 and two side boxes 315, 316 located on either side of the median box 314, in the longitudinal direction, and assembled at the median box 314.

Selon la variante de réalisation considérée le caisson médian 314 peut être réalisé en une seule pièce. Néanmoins, pour des raisons de facilité de réalisation en particulier, il est préférentiellement réalisé en deux parties, un demi-caisson supérieur 317 s'étendant sur toute la longueur du wagon ainsi qu'un demi-caisson inférieur 318 qui vient renforcer le demi-caisson supérieur 317 dans la zone centrale 311 de la poutre 31. Le demi-caisson supérieur forme à la fois la partie centrale 311 et les extrémités renforcées 312 et 313 de la poutre 31.According to the variant embodiment considered the median box 314 can be made in one piece. Nevertheless, for reasons of ease of embodiment in particular, it is preferably made in two parts, an upper half-box 317 extending over the entire length of the car and a lower half-box 318 which reinforces the half upper box 317 in the central zone 311 of the beam 31. The upper half-box forms both the central portion 311 and the reinforced ends 312 and 313 of the beam 31.

Le demi-caisson inférieur 318, situé uniquement dans la partie centrale du wagon présente une paroi inférieure 319 qui a pour fonction de renforcer l'inertie de flexion de l'ensemble.The lower half-box 318, located only in the central part of the wagon has a bottom wall 319 whose function is to reinforce the bending inertia of the assembly.

A cet effet cette paroi 319 se prolonge, comme l'illustre la figure 3, au-delà des limites du demi-caisson inférieur 318 jusqu'aux zones d'extrémité 312 et 313 du demi-caisson supérieur 317, de façon à fermer ledit demi-caisson supérieur et participer ainsi à la reprise des efforts, imprimés notamment par les axes d'articulation des bogies.For this purpose this wall 319 is extended, as illustrated by figure 3 beyond the limits of the lower half-casing 318 to the end zones 312 and 313 of the upper half-casing 317, so as to close said upper half-casing and thus participate in the recovery of forces, printed in particular by the axes of articulation of the bogies.

La hauteur de chaque demi-caisson, en particulier celle du demi-caisson inférieur 318, est définie en fonction des choix de fabrication retenus pour répondre aux contraintes mécaniques que doit supporter la structure, du poids du chargement en particulier.The height of each half-box, in particular that of the lower half box 318, is defined according to the manufacturing choices selected to meet the mechanical stresses that the structure must bear, the weight of the load in particular.

Les caissons latéraux 315 et 316 sont, quant à eux, sont des éléments continus sur toute la longueur du wagon. Situés de part et d'autre du demi-caisson supérieur 317, ils constituent avec lui la face supérieure de la poutre 31 sur lequel repose la peau 32. Ils contribuent en outre à la tenue en flexion longitudinale et transverse du châssis ainsi formé et participent à la reprise des efforts au droit des tampons.The side boxes 315 and 316 are, for their part, are continuous elements along the entire length of the wagon. Located on either side of the upper half-box 317, they constitute with it the upper face of the beam 31 on which rests the skin 32. They also contribute to the longitudinal and transverse flexural strength of the frame thus formed and participate in the resumption of efforts to the right of the buffers.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière, illustrée par la figure 4, la partie centrale de la poutre 31 est par ailleurs renforcée latéralement par des éléments latéraux 33 et 34 en matériau composite, disposés en oblique et qui, selon la variante de réalisation considérée, habillent cette partie centrale en continu sur toute sa longueur et forment 2 parois de renfort latérales, ou, alternativement, constituent des renforts localisés, formant des barres de renfort obliques espacées les unes des autres le long de la partie centrale de la poutre 31. Ces éléments de renfort 33 et 34 servent à la reprise des efforts de flexion transverses et limitent ainsi une éventuelle torsion de la structure.In a particular embodiment, illustrated by the figure 4 , the central part of the beam 31 is furthermore reinforced laterally by lateral elements 33 and 34 made of composite material, arranged obliquely and which, according to the variant embodiment considered, adorn this central part continuously over its entire length and form 2 lateral reinforcing walls, or, alternatively, constituting localized reinforcements, forming oblique reinforcing bars spaced apart from each other along the central part of the beam 31. These reinforcement elements 33 and 34 serve to reinforce the straining forces. transverse flexion and thus limit any torsion of the structure.

Il est à noter que, suivant les hauteurs respectives des demi-caissons supérieur et inférieur, il est possible, dans une forme de réalisation particulière, d'ajouter un plateau intermédiaire pour stabiliser le caisson médian 314 réalisé à partir de ces deux demi-caissons 317 et 318, ce plateau, ou cloison, intermédiaire a pour fonction d'empêcher le flambage des cloisons latérales des demi-caissons supérieur et inférieur.It should be noted that, according to the respective heights of the upper and lower half-boxes, it is possible, in a particular embodiment, to add an intermediate plate to stabilize the median box 314 made from these two half-boxes 317 and 318, this plate or partition, intermediate has the function of preventing buckling of the side walls of the upper and lower half-boxes.

Les figures 6 à 10 permettent de présenter les caractéristiques morphologiques et structurelles des différents éléments décrits précédemment.The Figures 6 to 10 allow to present the morphological and structural characteristics of the various elements described previously.

Comme illustré par la figure 6, le panneau constituant la peau 32 disposée sur la face supérieure de la structure est constitué d'un élément principal plan 61 couvrant par ses dimensions la totalité de la surface formée par les faces supérieures du caisson médian 314 et des caissons latéraux 315 et 316 et d'un élément de renfort médian 62, également plan, disposé en regard de la face supérieure du caisson médian 314.As illustrated by figure 6 , the panel constituting the skin 32 disposed on the upper face of the structure consists of a main planar element 61 covering by its dimensions the entire surface formed by the upper faces of the median box 314 and the side boxes 315 and 316 and a median reinforcing element 62, also plane, disposed facing the upper face of the median box 314.

Selon le mode de réalisation envisagé, l'élément principal 61 peut par exemple être réalisé en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre, de même que l'élément de renfort 62. Toutefois, dans des formes de réalisation particulières, le second élément 62, peut également être réalisé en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de carbone, éventuellement UD, de façon à présenter une plus grande résistance mécanique (traction/compression et flexion en particulier) et un ratio poids-résistance plus faible.According to the embodiment envisaged, the main element 61 may for example be made of fiberglass reinforced composite material, as well as the reinforcing element 62. However, in particular embodiments, the second element 62 may also be made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material, optionally UD, so as to have a higher mechanical strength (traction / compression and bending in particular) and a lower weight-resistance ratio.

Les illustrations des figures 7 et 8 détaillent la morphologie et la structure du demi-caisson supérieur 317 et du demi-caisson inférieur 318 qui constituent le caisson médian 314.The illustrations of Figures 7 and 8 detail the morphology and the structure of the upper half-box 317 and the lower half-box 318 which constitute the median box 314.

Le demi-caisson supérieur 317 est formé principalement d'un fond 71 constitué par une paroi monolithique en matériau composite, et deux parois latérales 72 et 73, ces parois s'étendant sur toute la longueur du caisson médian. Le fond monolithique 71 peut selon les modes de réalisation envisagés être constitué des 2 peaux (76, 77) en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre, le renfort étant principalement constitué de couches UD en fibres de verre, ou alternativement, pour des raisons de résistance mécanique notamment et de ratio poids-résistance plus faible, en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de carbone. Les deux parois latérales 72 et 73 présentent quant à elles une structure en sandwich formée des deux peaux 76, 77 en matériau composite séparées par un élément intercalaire 78, une âme, constitué d'un matériau de remplissage, une mousse de matériau polymère de type PS, PVC, PU, PET par exemple, ou encore un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille (nida) ou un bois de type balsa par exemple. Leur structure en sandwich permet aux parois latérales de présenter une meilleure stabilité en flambage.The upper half-box 317 is formed mainly of a bottom 71 consisting of a monolithic wall of composite material, and two side walls 72 and 73, these walls extending over the entire length of the median box. The monolithic bottom 71 may according to the embodiments envisaged consist of two skins (76, 77) made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement, the reinforcement mainly consisting of UD layers of glass fibers, or alternatively, for reasons mechanical strength in particular and lower weight-resistance ratio, made of composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement. The two side walls 72 and 73, for their part, have a sandwich structure formed of two skins 76, 77 made of composite material separated by an intermediate element 78, a core made of a filling material, a foam of polymeric material of the same type. PS, PVC, PU, PET for example, or a material with a honeycomb structure (nida) or a balsa-type wood for example. Their sandwich structure allows the side walls to have a better buckling stability.

Comme on peut le constater en considérant les figures 3, 4 et 5, le demi-caisson supérieur 317 présente une forme générale globalement parallélépipédique avec une face ouverte, opposée à la face formant le fond 71.As can be seen by considering the figures 3 , 4 and 5 , the upper half-casing 317 has a generally parallelepipedal overall shape with an open face, opposite to the face forming the bottom 71.

Selon une forme de réalisation préférée, les parois latérales 72 et 73 présentent quant à elles chacune un rebord 74 ou 75 s'étendant latéralement vers l'extérieur du demi-caisson sur toute la longueur de celui-ci, ce rebord étant utilisé pour réaliser l'assemblage du châssis complet.According to a preferred embodiment, the side walls 72 and 73 each have a flange 74 or 75 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box over the entire length thereof, this flange being used to realize assembly of the complete chassis.

Le demi-caisson inférieur 318 est principalement constitué, comme le demi-caisson supérieur d'un fond 81 et de deux parois latérales 82 et 83 qui bordent la partie centrale du caisson médian 314. De même que les parois 72 et 73 du demi-caisson supérieur, les deux parois latérales 82 et 83 présentent ici une structure en sandwich.The lower half-box 318 is mainly constituted, as the upper half-box of a bottom 81 and two side walls 82 and 83 which border the central part of the middle box 314. As well as the walls 72 and 73 of the upper half-box, the two side walls 82 and 83 here have a sandwich structure.

Le fond 81, qui s'étend, comme cela a été dit précédemment, sur toute la longueur de la structure et qui a pour fonction de renforcer l'inertie de flexion de l'ensemble de la structure (du châssis), présente également une structure monolithique constituée, selon les modes de réalisation envisagés, des deux peaux en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de verre, le renfort étant principalement constitué de couches UD en fibres de verre, ou alternativement, notamment pour des raisons de résistance mécanique et de ratio poids-résistance plus faible, en matériau composite à renfort en fibres de carbone.The bottom 81, which extends, as has been said previously, over the entire length of the structure and whose function is to reinforce the bending inertia of the whole structure (of the frame), also has a monolithic structure consisting, according to the embodiments envisaged, of the two skins made of composite material with fiberglass reinforcement, the reinforcement mainly consisting of UD layers made of glass fibers, or alternatively, in particular for reasons of mechanical strength and ratio lower weight-resistance, made of composite material with carbon fiber reinforcement.

D'un point de vue morphologique le demi-caisson inférieur 318 présente une forme de prisme à bases trapézoïdales dont les bases représentent les parois latérales 82 et 83 du demi-caisson. Les faces avant et arrière du demi-caisson sont quant à elles constituées par le fond 81 qui se prolonge en oblique vers l'avant et vers l'arrière, au delà du demi-caisson inférieur 318, de façon à venir progressivement en contact du demi-caisson supérieur 317, par ses rebords 74 et 75, comme illustré par la figure 3 par exemple.From a morphological point of view, the lower half-box 318 has a trapezoidal-shaped prism shape whose bases represent the side walls 82 and 83 of the half-box. The front and rear faces of the half-box are constituted by the bottom 81 which extends obliquely forwards and backwards, beyond the lower half-box 318, so as to come gradually into contact with the upper half-box 317, with its edges 74 and 75, as illustrated by the figure 3 for example.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée, illustrée par les figures 7 et 8, les parois latérales 72 et 73 présentent quant à elles chacune un rebord 84 ou 85 s'étendant latéralement vers l'extérieur du demi-caisson considéré sur toute la longueur de celui-ci, ce rebord étant utilisé pour réaliser l'assemblage du châssis complet. De même les parois latérales 82 et 83 présentent chacune un rebord 84 ou 85 s'étendant latéralement vers l'extérieur du demi-caisson sur toute la longueur de celui-ci.In a preferred embodiment, illustrated by the Figures 7 and 8 , the side walls 72 and 73 each have a flange 84 or 85 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box considered over the entire length thereof, this flange being used to achieve the assembly of the frame full. Similarly, the side walls 82 and 83 each have a flange 84 or 85 extending laterally outwardly of the half-box over the entire length thereof.

Le fond 81 quant à lui présente, sur sa partie s'étendant hors du demi-caisson inférieur, des rebords plats 86 et 87, utilisés pour réaliser l'assemblage du châssis complet. Les rebords 86 et 87 sont configurés et agencés de telle façon qu'ils se trouvent placés, au niveau des extrémités de la structure, en regard des rebords 74 et 75 des parois latérales du demi-caisson supérieur 317. De même, les rebords 84 et 85 sont quant à eux configurés et agencés de telle façon qu'ils se trouvent placés, au niveau de la partie centrale de la structure, en regard des rebords 74 et 75 des parois latérales du demi-caisson supérieur 317. La présence de tels rebords facilite avantageusement l'assemblage du demi-caisson inférieur 318 et du demi-caisson supérieur 317 en un caisson médian unique 314. Cet assemblage peut par exemple être réalisé par collage des rebords, ou bien par rivetage ou par boulonnage, ou encore par un assemblage mixte collage-plus-rivetage de ces mêmes rebords.The bottom 81 has, on its part extending out of the lower half-box, flat flanges 86 and 87, used to complete the assembly of the complete frame. The flanges 86 and 87 are configured and arranged such that they are placed, at the ends of the structure, facing the flanges 74 and 75 of the side walls of the upper half-box 317. Similarly, the flanges 84 and 85 are themselves configured and arranged so that they are placed at the central part of the structure, facing the edges 74 and 75 of the walls The presence of such flanges advantageously facilitates the assembly of the lower half-box 318 and the upper half-box 317 into a single median box 314. This assembly can for example be made by gluing the flanges, or by riveting or bolting, or by a joint collage-plus-riveting assembly of these same edges.

D'un point de vue morphologique, les caissons latéraux 315 et 316, présentent des formes identiques. Comme l'illustre la figure 9, chaque caisson comporte une paroi latérale interne verticale 91, destinée à venir en contact d'une des parois latérales du demi-caisson supérieur 317 et une paroi latérale externe, oblique 92 formant un bord supérieur externe du châssis. L'orientation à l'oblique de la paroi latérale externe permet avantageusement de réaliser un appui sans ajustement pour assembler les éléments latéraux 33 et 34. Les parois latérales d'un caisson latéral sont reliées entre elles par un fond plat 93 parallèle au plan du fond 71 du demi-caisson supérieur.From a morphological point of view, the side boxes 315 and 316 have identical shapes. As illustrated by figure 9 each box comprises a vertical inner side wall 91 intended to come into contact with one of the side walls of the upper half-box 317 and an oblique outer side wall 92 forming an outer upper edge of the frame. The oblique orientation of the outer lateral wall advantageously makes it possible to produce a support without adjustment to assemble the lateral elements 33 and 34. The lateral walls of a lateral box are interconnected by a flat bottom 93 parallel to the plane of the bottom 71 of the upper half-box.

D'un point de vue structurel, les parois de caissons latéraux sont constituées, comme les parois latérales des demi-caissons supérieur 317 et inférieur 318 de deux peaux en matériau composite, à renfort en fibres de verre, séparées par une âme en matériau de remplissage, en mousse de matériau polymère, ou en matériau à structure en nid d'abeille (nida), ou encore en bois, de type balsa par exemple.From a structural point of view, the walls of lateral caissons are constituted, as the side walls of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 of two skins made of composite material, reinforced with glass fibers, separated by a core made of filling, foam of polymeric material, or material honeycomb structure (nida), or wood, such as balsa.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, un matériau de remplissage peut être par ailleurs intégré dans les caissons 315 et 316, un matériau constitué soit de mousse de matériau polymère, ou un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille (nida), ou encore du bois de type balsa par exemple. Ce matériau permet de lier les peaux interne 91-92-93 des caissons latéraux 315-316 entre elles et à la peau placée à la face supérieure du plateau 32.According to a particular embodiment, a filler material may be furthermore integrated in the caissons 315 and 316, a material consisting of either a foam of polymer material, or a honeycomb structure material (nida), or else Balsa type wood for example. This material makes it possible to bind the inner skins 91-92-93 of the lateral boxes 315-316 to one another and to the skin placed on the upper face of the plate 32.

D'un point de vue structurel également, les éléments de renfort latéraux en matériau composite 33 et 34, destiné à renforcer la résistance à la torsion et à la flexion (longitudinale et transverse) de la structure du châssis selon l'invention sont eux aussi constitués, comme les parois latérales des demi-caissons supérieur 317 et inférieur 318 de deux peaux en matériau composite, à renfort en fibres de verre, séparées par une âme constituée soit de mousse de matériau polymère, soit d'un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille (nida), soit encore de bois de type balsa par exemple. Dans une forme de réalisation préférée illustrée par la figure 10 le corps 101 du renfort est prolongé par des rebords 102 et 103 agencés vis-à-vis du corps 101 de façon à faciliter l'assemblage de l'élément de renfort considéré avec la paroi latérale externe du caisson latéral correspondant 315 ou 316 et avec la paroi latérale du demi-caisson inférieur 318. Cet assemblage peut par exemple être réalisé par collage des rebords, ou bien par rivetage ou par boulonnage, ou encore par un assemblage mixte collage-plus-rivetage de ces mêmes rebords.From a structural point of view also, the lateral reinforcement elements of composite material 33 and 34, intended to reinforce the resistance to torsion and bending (longitudinal and transverse) of the frame structure according to the invention are also constituted, as the side walls of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 of two skins in composite material, reinforced with glass fibers, separated by a core consisting either of foam of polymeric material or of a material with a honeycomb structure (nida), or else of balsa type wood for example. In a preferred embodiment illustrated by the figure 10 the body 101 of the reinforcement is extended by flanges 102 and 103 arranged vis-à-vis the body 101 so as to facilitate the assembly of the considered reinforcing element with the outer side wall of the corresponding side box 315 or 316 and with the side wall of the lower half-casing 318. This assembly can for example be achieved by bonding the flanges, or by riveting or bolting, or by a joint assembly bond-plus-riveting these same flanges.

Comme on peut le constater à partir des figures 6 à 10, la structure de châssis selon l'invention, telle que décrite dans le texte qui précède, présente pour avantage important d'être constituée d'éléments présentant à la fois une morphologie simple et facile à assembler (faces et appuis sur faces planes), ainsi qu'une une structure interne facile à réaliser. Ces caractéristiques permettent avantageusement de faciliter l'assemblage d'une telle structure, malgré les dimensions parfois importantes de cette dernière.As can be seen from the Figures 6 to 10 , the chassis structure according to the invention, as described in the preceding text, has the important advantage of being composed of elements having both a simple morphology and easy to assemble (faces and supports on flat faces), as well as an internal structure that is easy to make. These characteristics advantageously make it easier to assemble such a structure, despite the sometimes large dimensions of the latter.

Les éléments en matériaux composites formant la structure selon l'invention étant des éléments de forme simples présentant des faces planes, la structure selon l'invention peut avantageusement être construite de manière simple et peu onéreuse, les différents éléments en matériaux composites constituant la structure pouvant être réalisés par mise en oeuvre de procédés simples, principalement par drapage de pré-imprégnés et/ou de fibres sèches, associé à une polymérisation sous vide ou RTM, ou encore par infusion compte tenu de la grande dimension des éléments fabriqués, tels que ceux mis en oeuvre dans la réalisation de pales d'éoliennes par exemple.The composite material elements forming the structure according to the invention being simple shaped elements having flat faces, the structure according to the invention can advantageously be constructed in a simple and inexpensive way, the various elements made of composite materials constituting the structure being able to be carried out by simple methods, mainly by draping prepregs and / or dry fibers, associated with a polymerization under vacuum or RTM, or by infusion taking into account the large size of the elements manufactured, such as those implemented in the realization of wind turbine blades for example.

Par ailleurs, compte tenu du concept de structure composite selon l'invention, l'assemblage des différents éléments en composites constituant le châssis selon l'invention, est avantageusement simple à réaliser dans la mesure où toutes les liaisons ont lieu le long d'appuis plans et linéaires prévus à cet effet, l'ensemble pouvant être réalisé à l'aide d'outillages peu complexes, par collage, ou bien par rivetage ou par boulonnage, ou encore par un assemblage mixte collage-plus-rivetage des différents éléments les uns aux autres par exemple.Moreover, taking into account the concept of composite structure according to the invention, the assembly of the various composite elements constituting the frame according to the invention is advantageously simple to realize insofar as all the connections take place along supports planes and linear provided for this purpose, the assembly can be achieved using tools not complex, by bonding, or by riveting or bolting, or by a mixed collage-plus-riveting assembly of different elements to each other for example.

La figure 11 illustre de manière schématique le procédé d'assemblage d'une structure de châssis selon l'invention à partir des éléments constitutifs décrits précédemment, procédé qui comporte:

  • une première étape (étape 1) qui consiste à assembler les demi-caissons supérieur 317 et inférieur 318 pour former le caisson médian 314;
  • une deuxième étape (étape 2) qui consiste à assembler les caissons latéraux 315 et 316 sur le caisson médian 314 pour constituer la poutre 31 formant le plateau de la structure, l'assemblage étant réalisé au niveau du demi-caisson supérieur 317; en ayant éventuellement intégré dans les caissons 315-316 un matériau de remplissage constitué soit d'une mousse de matériau polymère, soit d'un matériau à structure en nid d'abeille (nida), ou soit encore de bois de type balsa par exemple.
  • une troisième étape (étape 3) consistant à fixer la peau 32 sur la face supérieure de la poutre 31 de façon à recouvrir les faces supérieures du demi-caisson supérieur 317 et des caissons latéraux 315 et 316;
  • une quatrième étape (étape 4) consistant, le cas échéant à fixer les éléments de renfort latéraux 33 et 34 sur la poutre 31.
The figure 11 schematically illustrates the method of assembling a frame structure according to the invention from the constituent elements described above, which method comprises:
  • a first step (step 1) which consists in assembling the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 to form the median box 314;
  • a second step (step 2) which consists of assembling the side boxes 315 and 316 on the median box 314 to form the beam 31 forming the plate of the structure, the assembly being made at the upper half-box 317; possibly having integrated in the casings 315-316 a filling material consisting either of a foam of polymeric material or of a material with a honeycomb structure (nida), or else of wood of the balsa type, for example .
  • a third step (step 3) of fixing the skin 32 on the upper face of the beam 31 so as to cover the upper faces of the upper half-box 317 and the side boxes 315 and 316;
  • a fourth step (step 4) consisting, where appropriate in fixing the lateral reinforcing elements 33 and 34 on the beam 31.

Il est à noter que, dans le cas où le châssis réalisé comporte effectivement des éléments de renfort latéraux, les étapes 3 et 4 peuvent être permutées. Par ailleurs, selon les modes de réalisation envisagés les étapes 1 à 4 peuvent être réalisées dans un ordre différent, 2, 3, 1, 4 ou 3, 2, 1, 4 par exemple.It should be noted that, in the case where the frame produced actually comprises lateral reinforcing elements, steps 3 and 4 can be switched. Furthermore, according to the embodiments envisaged, steps 1 to 4 may be performed in a different order, 2, 3, 1, 4 or 3, 2, 1, 4 for example.

Il est à noter également que, durant la deuxième étape, l'assemblage des demi-caissons supérieur 317 et inférieur 318 peut être réalisé en intercalant entre les deux demi-caissons, à la liaison des rebords74-75 et 84-85, un plateau intermédiaire, comme décrit précédemment, ce plateau ayant pour fonction de renforcer la rigidité de la poutre assemblée.It should also be noted that, during the second step, the assembly of the upper half-boxes 317 and lower 318 can be achieved by interposing between the two half-boxes, the connection of the edges 74-75 and 84-85, a plateau intermediate, as described above, this plate having the function of reinforcing the rigidity of the assembled beam.

Selon l'invention, la poutre composite 31 ainsi réalisée intègre à ses extrémités, au niveau des renforts, des éléments métalliques dont le rôle est notamment de réaliser l'interface avec les bogies et avec les tampons d'extrémités. La fixation des éléments métalliques à la structure en matériau composite selon l'invention est réalisée par des moyens de fixation appropriés (boulons et/ou rivets), par exemple en utilisant une technique appropriée d'assemblage entre des pièces métalliques et des pièces en matériau composite, telle que celle décrite dans le brevet FR 2 948 154 appartenant à la déposante.According to the invention, the composite beam 31 thus produced incorporates at its ends, at the level of the reinforcements, metal elements whose role is notably to interface with the bogies and with the buffers. end. The fixing of the metal elements to the composite material structure according to the invention is carried out by appropriate fastening means (bolts and / or rivets), for example by using an appropriate technique of assembly between metal parts and parts made of material composite, as described in FR 2 948 154 owned by the applicant.

Par suite la réalisation complète d'un châssis selon l'invention comporte également, une opération de mise en place et de fixation des éléments d'interface sur la poutre 31, au niveau des extrémités des caissons 315, 316 et 317, opération qui selon la méthode de fabrication retenue peut être réalisé sur les caissons avant assemblage ou en cours d'assemblage, après l'étape 2 par exemple.As a result, the complete embodiment of a frame according to the invention also comprises an operation of placing and fixing the interface elements on the beam 31, at the ends of the boxes 315, 316 and 317, an operation which according to the manufacturing method adopted can be carried out on the boxes before assembly or during assembly, after step 2 for example.

Ainsi qu'il ressort de la description précédente, cette invention peut être utilisée sur tous les types de véhicules ferroviaires destinés au transport de fret (wagons) ou de passagers. Elle peut également être utilisée pour réaliser des châssis de véhicules de fret routier, des remorques de poids lourds en particulier.As can be seen from the preceding description, this invention can be used on all types of railway vehicles intended for the transport of freight (wagons) or passengers. It can also be used to make chassis of road freight vehicles, truck trailers in particular.

Claims (11)

  1. Composite material structure, for chassis of vehicles for transporting freight or passengers, said structure being configured to accept running gear at each of its ends, said structure including at least one central beam (31) forming a platform on which the load of the vehicle rests, said beam including:
    - a middle box (314) having a central portion (311) and two ends (312, 313), said ends having reinforcements (35, 36) for withstanding the stresses transmitted to the chassis by the articulation elements of the running gear and by the shock absorber elements disposed at the ends of the vehicle, the central portion (311) of the middle box (314) being configured so as to have a reinforced portion increasing the resistance of the beam (11) to bending forces imposed by the transported load;
    characterized in that said beam (31) includes
    - two lateral boxes (315, 316) extending over all the length of the middle box (314), assembled to said middle box, the upper faces of which form with the upper face of the middle box the upper face of the beam (31), said lateral boxes (315, 316) being configured so as to reinforce the resistance of the beam (31) to longitudinal and transverse bending forces imposed on it;
    - a covering floor (32) forming a skin, configured so as to cover the upper faces of the middle box (314) and the lateral boxes (315, 316);
    the various elements constituting the beam (31) being made of composite materials reinforced with glass fibers or carbon fibers or a mixture of glass fibers and carbon fibers.
  2. Structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the middle box (314) consists of an upper half-box (317) extending over all the length of the beam and a lower half-box (318) disposed in the central portion (311), the two half-boxes each including a bottom and two lateral walls, the upper half-box (317) and the lower half-box (318) being arranged relative to each other so that the bottom (71) of the upper half-box (317) forms the upper face of the middle box (314) and the bottom (81) of the lower half-box forms the lower face of said box, the bottom of the lower half-box (319) extending externally thereof toward the ends (312, 313) of the beam.
  3. Structure according to Claim 2, characterized in that a composite material intermediate partition is placed between the upper half-box (317) and the lower half-box (318) so as to reinforce the stiffness of the middle box (314) and the resistance to buckling of the lateral walls (72, 73) of the upper half-box (317) and of the lateral walls (82, 83) of the lower half-box (318).
  4. Structure according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the covering floor consists of a principal element (61) in the form of a monolithic composite material plate reinforced with glass fibers including in its middle portion a composite material reinforcing element (62) sized so as to cover the upper face of the middle box (314).
  5. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom (71) of the upper half-box (317), the bottom (81) of the lower half-box (318) and a middle reinforcing element (62) of the principal element (61) of the skin (32) disposed on the upper face of the structure are made of monolithic composite material reinforced primarily with unidirectional fibers, said fibers preferably being carbon fibers.
  6. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further includes composite material lateral reinforcements (33, 34) disposed on either side of the beam (31) and adapted to absorb forces applied to the lateral portions of the structure by the transported load, each reinforcement being fastened to a lateral box by one of its ends and to the middle box by its other end.
  7. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elements forming the beam (11) consist of composite material plane faces.
  8. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper half-box (317) includes a plane bottom (71) consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and two lateral walls (72, 73) with a sandwich structure consisting of two composite material thin skins (76, 77) reinforced with glass fibers and a core consisting of an element (78) formed of polymer material foam or a honeycomb structure material or a balsa type wood.
  9. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower half-box (318) includes a bottom (81) consisting of a monolithic composite material plate and lateral walls (82, 83) with a sandwich structure consisting of two composite material thin skins reinforced with glass fibers and a core consisting of an element made of polymer material foam or a honeycomb structure material or a balsa type wood.
  10. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lateral reinforcing elements have a sandwich structure consisting of two composite material thin skins reinforced with glass fibers and a core consisting of an element made of polymer material foam or a honeycomb structure material or a balsa type wood.
  11. Structure according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the various elements of said structure include rims adapted to enable the assembly of said elements by gluing and/or bolting and/or riveting, two elements (317, 318) assembled to each other having rims (74, 75, 84, 85) adapted to be placed face-to-face at the time of assembly.
EP14744560.5A 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Structure made from composite materials for a carriage chassis Active EP3027481B1 (en)

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FR1357688A FR3009262B1 (en) 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 STRUCTURE IN COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR WAGON CHASSIS
PCT/EP2014/066236 WO2015014819A1 (en) 2013-08-02 2014-07-29 Structure made from composite materials for a carriage chassis

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WO2015014819A1 (en) 2015-02-05
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FR3009262A1 (en) 2015-02-06
EP3027481A1 (en) 2016-06-08
CN105492290A (en) 2016-04-13
JP2016530152A (en) 2016-09-29
US20160207547A1 (en) 2016-07-21
CA2919927A1 (en) 2015-02-05
FR3009262B1 (en) 2015-09-18
RU2016107485A3 (en) 2018-04-28

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