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EP3068585B1 - Hand tool machine - Google Patents

Hand tool machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3068585B1
EP3068585B1 EP14793129.9A EP14793129A EP3068585B1 EP 3068585 B1 EP3068585 B1 EP 3068585B1 EP 14793129 A EP14793129 A EP 14793129A EP 3068585 B1 EP3068585 B1 EP 3068585B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exciter
valve
striker
housing
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14793129.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3068585A1 (en
Inventor
Aaron Wiedner
Markus Hartmann
Manuel Serf
Eduard Pfeiffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
Original Assignee
Hilti AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hilti AG filed Critical Hilti AG
Priority to EP14793129.9A priority Critical patent/EP3068585B1/en
Publication of EP3068585A1 publication Critical patent/EP3068585A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3068585B1 publication Critical patent/EP3068585B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
    • B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
    • B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
    • B25D11/125—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism with a fluid cushion between the crank drive and the striking body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
    • B25D17/24—Damping the reaction force
    • B25D17/245—Damping the reaction force using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/035—Bleeding holes, e.g. in piston guide-sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/185—Pressure equalising means between sealed chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/231—Sleeve details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2250/00—General details of portable percussive tools; Components used in portable percussive tools
    • B25D2250/245—Spatial arrangement of components of the tool relative to each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hand tool machine provided with a motor-driven pneumatic impact mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1 and as shown in FIG EP 2 653 267 A1 known.
  • EP2130651A1 shows a hammer drill with the generic pneumatic percussion.
  • a motor drives an exciter piston in a guide tube by means of an eccentric wheel.
  • An also arranged in the guide tube racket is coupled by the formed between the exciter piston and the racket air spring in the form of a pneumatic chamber to the movement of the racket.
  • the bat strikes periodically in the direction of impact on a largely resting intermediate racket, which forwards the impact pulse to a tool.
  • the pneumatic impact mechanism exerts only minor force peaks on the user compared to a mechanical impact mechanism, because the club is only weakly coupled to the exciter when it hits the air spring. In the initial acceleration of the racket by the exciter in the direction of impact, however, the air spring is highly compressed and therefore strongly coupling, so this phase is felt by the user.
  • a hand tool according to claim 1 is provided.
  • the hand tool of the invention has a tool holder for receiving a chiseling tool on a working axis, a motor and a striking mechanism.
  • the percussion includes a club guided on the working axis, a periodically driven exciter by the motor, and a pneumatic chamber for coupling the movement of the racket to the periodic motion of the exciter.
  • the bat hits the tool or an intermediate bat in the direction of impact at the point of impact.
  • the exciter is driven between a first dead center remote from the impact point and a second dead center near the impact point.
  • the pneumatic chamber is formed between the racket and a racket facing the front side of the exciter.
  • An airtight encapsulated housing has an interior space which is closed by a face of the pathogen facing away from the racket. Of the Interior is connected by a closable by the racket, the first valve with the pneumatic chamber. In addition, the interior is connected to a closable by the exciter, the second valve with the pneumatic chamber. The first valve is located near the impact point and the second valve near the first dead center.
  • the interior is significantly larger than the pneumatic chamber, for example, the housing contains all or part of the transmission, e.g. an eccentric wheel.
  • the exciter generates with its back a small, but existing pressure fluctuation compared to the pneumatic chamber. It turns out that this can be used to reduce the occurring during the initial acceleration phase retroactive peak force.
  • the pressure in the pneumatic chamber is increased by the pressure balance between the interior and the pneumatic chamber when the second valve is opened. Due to the arrangement, the opening of the valve occurs when the exciter is near the first dead center. During operation, the pressure in the interior is slightly increased, reduced in the pneumatic chamber.
  • the short-term ventilation hereby causes an increase in the pressure in the air spring and extends the duration of the coupling of the racquet to the exciter. The pathogen can accelerate the bat over a longer period of time, thereby reducing the force peaks.
  • the venting of the pneumatic chamber takes place when the bat is near the point of impact.
  • the control is carried out by the racket, so that the start of the percussion after a few cycles of the pathogen is possible.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool .
  • the hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a shank end 3 of a tool, such as a chiseling drill 4, can be used.
  • a primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5, which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 .
  • the electric motor 5 is powered, for example, by a battery 8 .
  • a user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 9 and be by means of a system switch 10 to the hammer drill 1 is in operation. In operation, the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill 4 continuously about a working axis 11 and can beat the drill bit 4 in the direction of impact 12 along the working axis 11 in a substrate.
  • the impact mechanism 6 is a pneumatic impact mechanism 6.
  • the exemplary impact mechanism 6 has a guide tube 13 with a cylindrical inner wall 14.
  • the guide tube 13 is located on the working axis 11.
  • a racket 15 is inserted into the guide tube 13 and in this along the working axis 11 movable.
  • the racket 15 is designed as a piston which terminates airtight with the inner wall 14 .
  • An exciter 16 is arranged in the direction of impact 12 in front of the racket 15 in the guide tube 13 .
  • the exemplary exciter 16 is also designed as a piston, which is airtight in the guide tube 13 along the working axis 11 with the inner wall 14 airtight.
  • the racket 15 and the exciter 16 close with their facing end faces 17, 18 between them a pneumatic chamber 19 a.
  • the pneumatic chamber 19 serves as an air spring, which couples a movement of the racket 15 to a movement of the exciter 16 .
  • the exciter 16 is coupled to a motor 5 via a transmission 20 .
  • the transmission 20 includes, for example, an eccentric 21, which converts the rotational movement of the motor 5 in a linear movement of the exciter 16 .
  • the eccentric 21 has a finger 22 which is eccentrically offset by a crank radius to a rotational axis 23 of the eccentric 21 .
  • a connecting rod 24 engages with one end of the finger 22 and is rotatably or pivotally suspended in the exciter 16 at another end.
  • the exciter 16 is forcibly attracted to a periodic movement, which along the working axis 11 between a first dead center 25 and a second dead center 26 ( Fig. 4 ).
  • the first dead center 25 is in the direction of impact 12 before the second dead center 26.
  • the lifting height 27 between the two dead centers 25, 26 is essentially predetermined by the crank radius.
  • a wobble finger can also be used, which moves the exciter 16 between the dead centers 25, 26 .
  • the transmission 20 may include reduction stages, torque clutches, etc.
  • the racket 15 follows coupled by the pneumatic chamber 19 of the movement of the exciter 16.
  • the movement of the racket 15 and the exciter 16 along the working axis 11 are in Fig. 4 shown.
  • the y-axis indicates the position of the racket 15 and the exciter 16 shown on the angular position of the eccentric wheel 21 on the x-axis.
  • the racket 15 and the exciter 16 are abstracted to describe their movement or position on a thin disc.
  • the racket 15 moves periodically in the direction of impact 12 to an impact point 28 and counter to the direction of impact 12 up to a reversal point 29.
  • the distance from impact point 28 to reversal point 29 is referred to below as the flight distance 30 .
  • the racket 15 strikes an intermediate racket 31 which, with its striking surface 32 facing the racket 15, defines the impact point 28 of the striking mechanism 6 .
  • the intermediate beater 31 bears against the impact direction 12 against a stop 33 .
  • the reversal point 29 is approximately in the middle between the first dead center 25 and the second dead center 26 of the exciter 16.
  • the transmission 20, in particular the eccentric wheel 21, is arranged in a housing 34 .
  • the housing 34 has an opening 35 in which a transmission-side portion 36 of the impact mechanism 6 is arranged flush.
  • the guide tube 13 is the transmission side open in the housing 34 , preferably with the cross section of the exciter 16.
  • the exciter 16 thus forms, at least a portion of the closure of the opening 35.
  • the moving exciter 16 periodically reduces the interior 37 of the housing 34th Das Housing 34 is hermetically sealed.
  • the pressure in the housing 34 changes with the beat frequency, which is typically in the range between 10 Hz and 100 Hz. The pressure is increased when the exciter 16 is advanced furthest into the housing 34 , ergo furthest from the impact point 28 (first dead center 25 ).
  • the closed between the housing 34 and exciter 16 volume is between 0.7 times and 5 times the swept by the exciter 16 volume.
  • the volume enclosed by the housing 34 and the exciter 16 may increase between 20% and 150% when the exciter 16 circulates. leaks are to be reduced so that they can not achieve a significant pressure equalization with the environment within a few seconds.
  • the guide tube 13 is provided with a first valve 38 which connects the pneumatic chamber 19 with the interior 37 of the housing 34 .
  • the first valve 38 preferably consists of a radial valve opening in the guide tube 13, which is run over by the racket 15 and thereby covered.
  • the racket 15 releases the valve opening of the valve 38 when the racket 15 is near the point of impact 28 .
  • the valve opening of the valve 38 is preferably less than 10% of the flight distance of the racket 15 away from the impact point 28 .
  • the first valve 38 is thus usually closed during the periodic movement.
  • the housing 34 may cover the first valve 38 along the working axis 11 such that the first valve 38 is located within the interior 37 .
  • a hose or other channel may lead from the first valve 38 to the interior 37 .
  • the guide tube 13 is provided with a second valve 39 , which connects the pneumatic chamber 19 with the interior 37 of the housing 34 .
  • the second valve 39 has a radial valve opening in the guide tube 13, which is run over by the exciter 16 and thereby covered.
  • the exciter 16 releases the valve opening when the exciter 16 is near the first dead center 25 , ie in the retracted from the impact point 28 position.
  • the valve opening of the valve 39 is preferably less than 10% of the lifting height 27 away from the first dead center 25 .
  • the housing 34 may cover the second valve 39 in the same way, or the second valve 39 is connected to the interior 37 by means of another channel.
  • the second valve 39 may include a check valve 40 , which prevents an outflow from the pneumatic chamber 19 into the interior 37 .
  • the first valve 38 and the second valve 39 are opened at different times and independently, the beater 15 controls only the first valve 38 and the exciter 16 controls only the second valve 39. Both valves 38, 39, however, bind the pneumatic chamber 19 to the same interior 37 . While the second valve 39 opens, the exciter 16 is near the first dead center 25. The pressure in the housing 34 is increased, at least higher than the pressure in the pneumatic chamber 19. From the interior space 37 , an amount of air flows into the pneumatic chamber 19th Fig. 5 schematically shows the air flow plotted on the y-axis plotted over the angular position of the eccentric wheel 21 as the x-axis. While the first valve 38 is opened, the racket 15 has almost its Final speed reached. The pressure in the pneumatic chamber 19 is still slightly higher than in the interior 37, the previously supplied amount of air flows out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Description

GEBIET DER ERFINDUNGFIELD OF THE INVENTION

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Handwerkzeugmaschine, die mit einem motorgetriebenen pneumatischen Schlagwerk versehen ist, gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 und wie aus EP 2 653 267 A1 bekannt.The present invention relates to a hand tool machine provided with a motor-driven pneumatic impact mechanism according to the preamble of claim 1 and as shown in FIG EP 2 653 267 A1 known.

EP2130651A1 zeigt einen Bohrhammer mit dem gattungsgemäßen pneumatischen Schlagwerk. Ein Motor treibt mittels eines Exzenterrads einen Erregerkolben in einem Führungsrohr an. Ein ebenfalls in dem Führungsrohr angeordneter Schläger wird durch die zwischen dem Erregerkolben und dem Schläger ausgebildete Luftfeder in Form einer pneumatische Kammer an die Bewegung des Schlägers angekoppelt. Der Schläger schlägt dabei periodisch in Schlagrichtung auf einen weitgehend ruhenden Zwischenschläger auf, welcher den Schlagimpuls an ein Werkzeug weiterleitet. EP2130651A1 shows a hammer drill with the generic pneumatic percussion. A motor drives an exciter piston in a guide tube by means of an eccentric wheel. An also arranged in the guide tube racket is coupled by the formed between the exciter piston and the racket air spring in the form of a pneumatic chamber to the movement of the racket. The bat strikes periodically in the direction of impact on a largely resting intermediate racket, which forwards the impact pulse to a tool.

Das pneumatische Schlagwerk übt im Vergleich zu einem mechanischen Schlagwerk nur geringe Kraftspitzen auf den Anwender aus, weil der Schläger beim Schlag über die Luftfeder nur schwach an den Erreger angekoppelt ist. Bei der anfänglichen Beschleunigung des Schlägers durch den Erreger in Schlagrichtung ist hingegen die Luftfeder stark komprimiert und daher stark koppelnd, weshalb diese Phase von dem Anwender zu spüren ist.The pneumatic impact mechanism exerts only minor force peaks on the user compared to a mechanical impact mechanism, because the club is only weakly coupled to the exciter when it hits the air spring. In the initial acceleration of the racket by the exciter in the direction of impact, however, the air spring is highly compressed and therefore strongly coupling, so this phase is felt by the user.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Handwerkzeugmaschine gemäß dem Anspruch 1 bereitgestellt. Die erfindungsgemäße Handwerkzeugmaschine hat eine Werkzeugaufnahme zum Aufnehmen eines meißelnden Werkzeugs auf einer Arbeitsachse, einen Motor und ein Schlagwerk. Das Schlagwerk beinhaltet einen auf der Arbeitsachse geführten Schläger, einen von dem Motor periodisch angetriebenen Erreger und eine pneumatischen Kammer zum Ankoppeln der Bewegung des Schlägers an die periodische Bewegung des Erregers. Der Schläger schlägt in Schlagrichtung im Schlagpunkt auf das Werkzeug oder einen Zwischenschläger auf. Der Erreger ist zwischen einem dem Schlagpunkt entfernten, ersten Totpunkt und einem dem Schlagpunkt nahen, zweiten Totpunkt angetrieben. Die pneumatische Kammer ist zwischen dem Schläger und einer dem Schläger zugewandten Stirnseite des Erregers ausgebildet. Ein luftdicht gekapseltes Gehäuse hat einen Innenraum, der von einer dem Schläger abgewandten Stirnseite des Erregers verschlossen ist. Der Innenraum ist durch ein von dem Schläger verschließbares, erstes Ventil mit der pneumatischen Kammer verbunden. Zudem ist der Innenraum mit einem von dem Erreger verschließbaren, zweiten Ventil mit der pneumatischen Kammer verbunden. Das erste Ventil ist nahe dem Schlagpunkt und das zweite Ventil nahe dem ersten Totpunkt angeordnet.According to the invention, a hand tool according to claim 1 is provided. The hand tool of the invention has a tool holder for receiving a chiseling tool on a working axis, a motor and a striking mechanism. The percussion includes a club guided on the working axis, a periodically driven exciter by the motor, and a pneumatic chamber for coupling the movement of the racket to the periodic motion of the exciter. The bat hits the tool or an intermediate bat in the direction of impact at the point of impact. The exciter is driven between a first dead center remote from the impact point and a second dead center near the impact point. The pneumatic chamber is formed between the racket and a racket facing the front side of the exciter. An airtight encapsulated housing has an interior space which is closed by a face of the pathogen facing away from the racket. Of the Interior is connected by a closable by the racket, the first valve with the pneumatic chamber. In addition, the interior is connected to a closable by the exciter, the second valve with the pneumatic chamber. The first valve is located near the impact point and the second valve near the first dead center.

Der Innenraum ist deutlich größer als die pneumatische Kammer, beispielsweise enthält das Gehäuse das gesamte oder Teile des Getriebes, z.B. ein Exzenterrad. Der Erreger erzeugt mit seiner Rückseite eine im Vergleich zu der pneumatischen Kammer geringe, aber vorhandene Druckschwankung. Es erweist sich, dass diese genutzt werden kann, um die während der anfänglichen Beschleunigungsphase auftretende rückwirkende Kraftspitze reduzieren zu können.The interior is significantly larger than the pneumatic chamber, for example, the housing contains all or part of the transmission, e.g. an eccentric wheel. The exciter generates with its back a small, but existing pressure fluctuation compared to the pneumatic chamber. It turns out that this can be used to reduce the occurring during the initial acceleration phase retroactive peak force.

Der Druck in der pneumatischen Kammer wird durch den Druckausgleich zwischen dem Innenraum und der pneumatische Kammer erhöht, wenn das zweite Ventil geöffnet wird. Bedingt durch die Anordnung erfolgt das Öffnen des Ventils, wenn der Erreger nahe dem ersten Totpunkt ist. Während des Betriebs ist der Druck in dem Innenraum leicht erhöht, in der pneumatischen Kammer verringert. Die kurzzeitige Belüftung sorgt hierbei zu einem Erhöhen des Drucks in der Luftfeder und verlängert die Dauer der Ankopplung des Schlägers an den Erreger. Der Erreger kann den Schläger über eine längere Zeitspanne beschleunigen, wodurch die Kraftspitzen verringert werden.The pressure in the pneumatic chamber is increased by the pressure balance between the interior and the pneumatic chamber when the second valve is opened. Due to the arrangement, the opening of the valve occurs when the exciter is near the first dead center. During operation, the pressure in the interior is slightly increased, reduced in the pneumatic chamber. The short-term ventilation hereby causes an increase in the pressure in the air spring and extends the duration of the coupling of the racquet to the exciter. The pathogen can accelerate the bat over a longer period of time, thereby reducing the force peaks.

Die Entlüftung der pneumatischen Kammer erfolgt, wenn der Schläger nahe dem Schlagpunkt ist. Die Steuerung erfolgt durch den Schläger, damit das Anlaufen des Schlagwerks nach wenigen Zyklen des Erregers möglich ist.The venting of the pneumatic chamber takes place when the bat is near the point of impact. The control is carried out by the racket, so that the start of the percussion after a few cycles of the pathogen is possible.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erläutert die Erfindung anhand von exemplarischen Ausführungsformen und Figuren. In den Figuren zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Bohrhammer
Fig. 2 und 3
ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk in zwei Phasen
Fig. 4
Bewegung eines Schlägers und eines Erregers des Schlagwerks
Fig. 5
Luftaustausch zwischen einer pneumatischen Kammer des Schlagwerks und einem luftdichten Gehäuse
The following description explains the invention with reference to exemplary embodiments and figures. In the figures show:
Fig. 1
a hammer drill
FIGS. 2 and 3
a pneumatic impact mechanism in two phases
Fig. 4
Movement of a racket and an exciter of the percussion mechanism
Fig. 5
Air exchange between a pneumatic chamber of the impact mechanism and an airtight housing

Gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Elemente werden durch gleiche Bezugszeichen in den Figuren indiziert, soweit nicht anders angegeben.Identical or functionally identical elements are indicated by the same reference numerals in the figures, unless stated otherwise.

AUSFÜHRUNGSFORMEN DER ERFINDUNGEMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 zeigt als Beispiel einer meißelnden Handwerkzeugmaschine schematisch einen Bohrhammer 1. Der Bohrhammer 1 hat eine Werkzeugaufnahme 2, in welche ein Schaftende 3 eines Werkzeug, z.B. eines meißelnden Bohrers 4, eingesetzt werden kann. Einen primären Antrieb des Bohrhammers 1 bildet ein Motor 5, welcher ein Schlagwerk 6 und eine Abtriebswelle 7 antreibt. Der Elektromotor 5 wird beispielsweise von einer Batterie 8 gespeist. Ein Anwender kann den Bohrhammer 1 mittels eines Handgriffs 9 führen und mittels eines Systemschalters 10 den Bohrhammer 1 in Betrieb nehmen. Im Betrieb dreht der Bohrhammer 1 den Bohrer 4 kontinuierlich um eine Arbeitsachse 11 und kann dabei den Bohrmeißel 4 in Schlagrichtung 12 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 in einen Untergrund schlagen. Fig. 1 schematically shows a hammer drill 1 as an example of a chiseling hand tool . The hammer drill 1 has a tool holder 2, in which a shank end 3 of a tool, such as a chiseling drill 4, can be used. A primary drive of the hammer drill 1 is a motor 5, which drives a striking mechanism 6 and an output shaft 7 . The electric motor 5 is powered, for example, by a battery 8 . A user can guide the hammer drill 1 by means of a handle 9 and be by means of a system switch 10 to the hammer drill 1 is in operation. In operation, the hammer drill 1 rotates the drill 4 continuously about a working axis 11 and can beat the drill bit 4 in the direction of impact 12 along the working axis 11 in a substrate.

Das Schlagwerk 6 ist ein pneumatisches Schlagwerk 6. Das beispielhafte Schlagwerk 6 hat ein Führungsrohr 13 mit einer zylindrischen Innenwand 14. Das Führungsrohr 13 liegt auf der Arbeitsachse 11. Ein Schläger 15 ist in dem Führungsrohr 13 eingesetzt und in diesem längs der Arbeitsachse 11 beweglich. Der Schläger 15 ist als Kolben ausgebildet, welcher mit der Innenwand 14 luftdicht abschließt. Ein Erreger 16 ist in Schlagrichtung 12 vor dem Schläger 15 in dem Führungsrohr 13 angeordnet. Der beispielhafte Erreger 16 ist ebenfalls als Kolben ausgebildet, welcher in dem Führungsrohr 13 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 beweglich mit der Innenwand 14 luftdicht abschließt. Der Schläger 15 und der Erreger 16 schließen mit ihren einander zugewandten Stirnseiten 17, 18 zwischen sich eine pneumatische Kammer 19 ein. Die pneumatische Kammer 19 dient als Luftfeder, welche eine Bewegung des Schlägers 15 an eine Bewegung des Erregers 16 ankoppelt.The impact mechanism 6 is a pneumatic impact mechanism 6. The exemplary impact mechanism 6 has a guide tube 13 with a cylindrical inner wall 14. The guide tube 13 is located on the working axis 11. A racket 15 is inserted into the guide tube 13 and in this along the working axis 11 movable. The racket 15 is designed as a piston which terminates airtight with the inner wall 14 . An exciter 16 is arranged in the direction of impact 12 in front of the racket 15 in the guide tube 13 . The exemplary exciter 16 is also designed as a piston, which is airtight in the guide tube 13 along the working axis 11 with the inner wall 14 airtight. The racket 15 and the exciter 16 close with their facing end faces 17, 18 between them a pneumatic chamber 19 a. The pneumatic chamber 19 serves as an air spring, which couples a movement of the racket 15 to a movement of the exciter 16 .

Der Erreger 16 ist mit einem Motor 5 über ein Getriebe 20 gekoppelt. Das Getriebe 20 beinhaltet beispielsweise ein Exzenterrad 21, welches die Drehbewegung des Motors 5 in eine linear Bewegung des Erregers 16 wandelt. Das Exzenterrad 21 hat einen Finger 22, welcher um einen Kurbelradius exzentrisch versetzt zu einer Drehachse 23 des Exzenterrads 21 liegt. Ein Pleuel 24 umgreift mit einem Ende den Finger 22 und ist mit einem anderen Ende drehbar oder schwenkbar in dem Erreger 16 aufgehängt. Der Erreger 16 wird zu einer periodischen Bewegung zwangserregt, welche längs der Arbeitsachse 11 zwischen einem ersten Totpunkt 25 und einen zweiten Totpunkt 26 verläuft (Fig. 4). Der erste Totpunkt 25 liegt in Schlagrichtung 12 vor dem zweiten Totpunkt 26. Die Hubhöhe 27 zwischen den beiden Totpunkten 25, 26 ist im Wesentlichen durch den Kurbelradius vorgeben. Anstelle eine Exzenterrads 21 kann ebenfalls ein Taumelfinger verwendet werden, welches den Erreger 16 zwischen den Totpunkten 25, 26 bewegt. Das Getriebe 20 kann Untersetzungsstufen, Drehmomentkupplungen etc. enthalten.The exciter 16 is coupled to a motor 5 via a transmission 20 . The transmission 20 includes, for example, an eccentric 21, which converts the rotational movement of the motor 5 in a linear movement of the exciter 16 . The eccentric 21 has a finger 22 which is eccentrically offset by a crank radius to a rotational axis 23 of the eccentric 21 . A connecting rod 24 engages with one end of the finger 22 and is rotatably or pivotally suspended in the exciter 16 at another end. The exciter 16 is forcibly attracted to a periodic movement, which along the working axis 11 between a first dead center 25 and a second dead center 26 ( Fig. 4 ). The first dead center 25 is in the direction of impact 12 before the second dead center 26. The lifting height 27 between the two dead centers 25, 26 is essentially predetermined by the crank radius. Instead of an eccentric wheel 21 , a wobble finger can also be used, which moves the exciter 16 between the dead centers 25, 26 . The transmission 20 may include reduction stages, torque clutches, etc.

Der Schläger 15 folgt angekoppelt durch die pneumatische Kammer 19 der Bewegung des Erregers 16. Die Bewegung des Schläger 15 und des Erregers 16 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 sind in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Die y-Achse gibt die Stellung des Schlägers 15 und Erreger 16 dargestellt über die Winkelposition des Exzenterrads 21 auf der x-Achse an. Der Schläger 15 und der Erreger 16 sind für die Beschreibung ihrer Bewegung oder Stellung auf eine dünne Scheibe abstrahiert.The racket 15 follows coupled by the pneumatic chamber 19 of the movement of the exciter 16. The movement of the racket 15 and the exciter 16 along the working axis 11 are in Fig. 4 shown. The y-axis indicates the position of the racket 15 and the exciter 16 shown on the angular position of the eccentric wheel 21 on the x-axis. The racket 15 and the exciter 16 are abstracted to describe their movement or position on a thin disc.

Der Schläger 15 bewegt sich periodisch in Schlagrichtung 12 bis einem Schlagpunkt 28 und entgegen der Schlagrichtung 12 bis zu einem Umkehrpunkt 29. Der Abstand von Schlagpunkt 28 zu Umkehrpunkt 29 wird nachfolgend als Flugdistanz 30 bezeichnet. Im Schlagpunkt 28 schlägt der Schläger 15 auf einen Zwischenschläger 31 auf, welcher mit seiner dem Schläger 15 zugewandten Schlagfläche 32 den Schlagpunkt 28 des Schlagwerks 6 definiert. Der Zwischenschläger 31 liegt entgegen der Schlagrichtung 12 an einem Anschlag 33 an. Der Umkehrpunkt 29 liegt näherungsweise in der Mitte zwischen dem ersten Totpunkt 25 und dem zweiten Totpunkt 26 des Erregers 16. The racket 15 moves periodically in the direction of impact 12 to an impact point 28 and counter to the direction of impact 12 up to a reversal point 29. The distance from impact point 28 to reversal point 29 is referred to below as the flight distance 30 . At impact point 28 , the racket 15 strikes an intermediate racket 31 which, with its striking surface 32 facing the racket 15, defines the impact point 28 of the striking mechanism 6 . The intermediate beater 31 bears against the impact direction 12 against a stop 33 . The reversal point 29 is approximately in the middle between the first dead center 25 and the second dead center 26 of the exciter 16.

Das Getriebe 20, insbesondere das Exzenterrad 21, ist in einem Gehäuse 34 angeordnet. Das Gehäuse 34 hat eine Öffnung 35, in welcher ein getriebeseitiger Abschnitt 36 des Schlagwerks 6 bündig angeordnet ist. Das Führungsrohr 13 ist getriebeseitig in das Gehäuse 34 hin offen, vorzugsweise mit dem Querschnitt des Erregers 16. Der Erreger 16 bildet somit, zumindest einen Teil, des Verschlusses der Öffnung 35. Der bewegte Erreger 16 verringert periodisch den Innenraum 37 des Gehäuses 34. Das Gehäuse 34 ist luftdicht gekapselt. Der Druck in dem Gehäuse 34 ändert sich mit der Schlagfrequenz, welche typischerweise im Bereich zwischen 10 Hz und 100 Hz liegt. Der Druck ist erhöht, wenn der Erreger 16 am weitesten in das Gehäuse 34 vorgerückt, ergo am weitesten von dem Schlagpunkt 28 entfernt ist (erster Totpunkt 25). Das zwischen Gehäuse 34 und Erreger 16 abgeschlossene Volumen ist zwischen 0,7-fachen und 5-fachen des von dem Erreger 16 überstrichenen Volumen. Das von Gehäuse 34 und Erreger 16 abgeschlossene Volumen kann sich bei einem Umlauf des Erregers 16 zwischen 20 % und 150 % erhöhen. Leckagen sind soweit zu verringern, dass diese keinen wesentlichen Druckausgleich mit der Umgebung innerhalb von wenigen Sekunden erreichen können.The transmission 20, in particular the eccentric wheel 21, is arranged in a housing 34 . The housing 34 has an opening 35 in which a transmission-side portion 36 of the impact mechanism 6 is arranged flush. The guide tube 13 is the transmission side open in the housing 34 , preferably with the cross section of the exciter 16. The exciter 16 thus forms, at least a portion of the closure of the opening 35. The moving exciter 16 periodically reduces the interior 37 of the housing 34th Das Housing 34 is hermetically sealed. The pressure in the housing 34 changes with the beat frequency, which is typically in the range between 10 Hz and 100 Hz. The pressure is increased when the exciter 16 is advanced furthest into the housing 34 , ergo furthest from the impact point 28 (first dead center 25 ). The closed between the housing 34 and exciter 16 volume is between 0.7 times and 5 times the swept by the exciter 16 volume. The volume enclosed by the housing 34 and the exciter 16 may increase between 20% and 150% when the exciter 16 circulates. leaks are to be reduced so that they can not achieve a significant pressure equalization with the environment within a few seconds.

Das Führungsrohr 13 ist mit einem ersten Ventil 38 versehen, welches die pneumatische Kammer 19 mit dem Innenraum 37 des Gehäuses 34 verbindet. Das erste Ventil 38 besteht vorzugsweise aus einer radialen Ventilöffnung in dem Führungsrohr 13, welche von dem Schläger 15 überfahren und dabei abgedeckt wird. Der Schläger 15 gibt die Ventilöffnung des Ventils 38 frei, wenn der Schläger 15 nahe dem Schlagpunkt 28 ist. Die Ventilöffnung des Ventils 38 liegt vorzugsweise weniger als 10 % der Flugdistanz des Schlägers 15 von dem Schlagpunkt 28 entfernt. Das erste Ventil 38 ist somit während der periodischen Bewegung zumeist geschlossen. Das Gehäuse 34 kann das erste Ventil 38 längs der Arbeitsachse 11 derart überdecken, dass das erste Ventil 38 innerhalb des Innenraums 37 liegt. Alternativ kann ein Schlauch oder ein sonstiger Kanal von dem ersten Ventil 38 zu dem Innenraum 37 führen.The guide tube 13 is provided with a first valve 38 which connects the pneumatic chamber 19 with the interior 37 of the housing 34 . The first valve 38 preferably consists of a radial valve opening in the guide tube 13, which is run over by the racket 15 and thereby covered. The racket 15 releases the valve opening of the valve 38 when the racket 15 is near the point of impact 28 . The valve opening of the valve 38 is preferably less than 10% of the flight distance of the racket 15 away from the impact point 28 . The first valve 38 is thus usually closed during the periodic movement. The housing 34 may cover the first valve 38 along the working axis 11 such that the first valve 38 is located within the interior 37 . Alternatively, a hose or other channel may lead from the first valve 38 to the interior 37 .

Das Führungsrohr 13 ist mit einem zweiten Ventil 39 versehen, welches die pneumatische Kammer 19 mit dem Innenraum 37 des Gehäuse 34 verbindet. Das zweite Ventil 39 hat eine radiale Ventilöffnung in dem Führungsrohr 13, welche von dem Erreger 16 überfahren und dabei abgedeckt wird. Der Erreger 16 gibt die Ventilöffnung frei, wenn der Erreger 16 nahe dem ersten Totpunkt 25 ist, d.h. in der von dem Schlagpunkt 28 zurückgezogenen Stellung. Die Ventilöffnung des Ventils 39 liegt vorzugsweise weniger als 10 % der Hubhöhe 27 von dem ersten Totpunkt 25 entfernt. Das Gehäuse 34 kann das zweite Ventil 39 in gleicherweise überdecken, oder das zweite Ventil 39 ist mittels eines anderen Kanals mit dem Innenraum 37 verbunden. Das zweite Ventil 39 kann ein Rückschlagventil 40 enthalten, welches ein Ausströmen aus der pneumatischen Kammer 19 in den Innenraum 37 unterbindet.The guide tube 13 is provided with a second valve 39 , which connects the pneumatic chamber 19 with the interior 37 of the housing 34 . The second valve 39 has a radial valve opening in the guide tube 13, which is run over by the exciter 16 and thereby covered. The exciter 16 releases the valve opening when the exciter 16 is near the first dead center 25 , ie in the retracted from the impact point 28 position. The valve opening of the valve 39 is preferably less than 10% of the lifting height 27 away from the first dead center 25 . The housing 34 may cover the second valve 39 in the same way, or the second valve 39 is connected to the interior 37 by means of another channel. The second valve 39 may include a check valve 40 , which prevents an outflow from the pneumatic chamber 19 into the interior 37 .

Das erste Ventil 38 und das zweite Ventil 39 werden zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten und unabhängig geöffnet, der Schläger 15 steuert nur das erste Ventil 38 und der Erreger 16 steuert nur das zweite Ventil 39. Beide Ventile 38, 39 binden die pneumatische Kammer 19 jedoch an den selben Innenraum 37 an. Während das zweite Ventil 39 öffnet, ist der Erreger 16 nahe dem ersten Totpunkt 25. Der Druck im Gehäuse 34 ist erhöht, wenigstens höher als der Druck in der pneumatischen Kammer 19. Aus dem Innenraum 37 strömt eine Luftmenge in die pneumatischen Kammer 19. Fig. 5 zeigt schematisch den Luftstrom schematisch über die y-Achse aufgetragen über die Winkelposition des Exzenterrads 21 als x-Achse aufgetragen. Während das erste Ventil 38 geöffnet wird, hat der Schläger 15 nahezu seine Endgeschwindigkeit erreicht. Der Druck in der pneumatischen Kammer 19 ist noch etwas höher als in dem Innenraum 37, die zuvor eingespeiste Luftmenge strömt aus.The first valve 38 and the second valve 39 are opened at different times and independently, the beater 15 controls only the first valve 38 and the exciter 16 controls only the second valve 39. Both valves 38, 39, however, bind the pneumatic chamber 19 to the same interior 37 . While the second valve 39 opens, the exciter 16 is near the first dead center 25. The pressure in the housing 34 is increased, at least higher than the pressure in the pneumatic chamber 19. From the interior space 37 , an amount of air flows into the pneumatic chamber 19th Fig. 5 schematically shows the air flow plotted on the y-axis plotted over the angular position of the eccentric wheel 21 as the x-axis. While the first valve 38 is opened, the racket 15 has almost its Final speed reached. The pressure in the pneumatic chamber 19 is still slightly higher than in the interior 37, the previously supplied amount of air flows out.

Claims (5)

  1. Hand-held power tool (1), comprising
    a tool holder (2) for receiving a chiselling tool (4) on a working axis (11),
    a motor (5),
    an impact mechanism (6) having a guide tube (13) coaxial to the working axis (11), a striker (15) which is guided on the working axis (11) and which strikes the tool (4) or an intermediate striker (31) at an impact point (28), an exciter (16) driven periodically between a first dead centre (25) at a distance from the impact point (28) and a second dead centre (26) in the vicinity of the impact point (28), and a pneumatic chamber (19) arranged between the striker (15) and an end face (24) of the exciter (16) facing towards the striker (15) for coupling the movement of the striker (15) to the periodic movement of the exciter (16),
    a housing (34) encapsulated in an airtight manner, the interior (37) of which is occluded by an end face (41) of the exciter (16) facing away from the striker (15),
    a first valve (38) which is closable by the striker (15) and is arranged in the vicinity of the impact point (28), and which connects the pneumatic chamber (19) to the interior (37),
    a second valve (39) which is closable by the exciter (16) and is arranged in the vicinity of the first dead centre (25), and which connects the pneumatic chamber (19) to the interior (37), characterised in that the first valve (38) is closed only when the striker (15) is displaced from the impact point (28) by more than 10% of the flight distance (30) from the impact point (28) to a reversing point (29) of the striker (15), and in that the second valve (39) is closed by the striker (16) only when the exciter (16) is distant from the first dead centre (25) by more than 10% of the stroke length (27) from the first dead centre (25) to the second dead centre (26).
  2. Hand-held power tool according to Claim 1, characterised in that the housing (34) contains at least a portion of a transmission (20).
  3. Hand-held power tool according to either of the preceding claims, characterised in that the housing (34) has an opening (35) which is occluded by the exciter (16).
  4. Hand-held power tool according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that that the first valve (38) is in the form of a radial valve port in the guide tube (13) and the second valve (39) is in the form of a radial valve port in the guide tube (13).
  5. Hand-held power tool according to Claim 4, characterised in that the first valve (38) and the second valve (39) are arranged inside the housing (34).
EP14793129.9A 2013-11-11 2014-11-04 Hand tool machine Active EP3068585B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14793129.9A EP3068585B1 (en) 2013-11-11 2014-11-04 Hand tool machine

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20130192257 EP2871028A1 (en) 2013-11-11 2013-11-11 Manual tool machine
EP14793129.9A EP3068585B1 (en) 2013-11-11 2014-11-04 Hand tool machine
PCT/EP2014/073652 WO2015067590A1 (en) 2013-11-11 2014-11-04 Handheld machine tool

Publications (2)

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EP3068585A1 EP3068585A1 (en) 2016-09-21
EP3068585B1 true EP3068585B1 (en) 2018-01-31

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EP20130192257 Withdrawn EP2871028A1 (en) 2013-11-11 2013-11-11 Manual tool machine
EP14793129.9A Active EP3068585B1 (en) 2013-11-11 2014-11-04 Hand tool machine

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EP20130192257 Withdrawn EP2871028A1 (en) 2013-11-11 2013-11-11 Manual tool machine

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US (1) US20160271779A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2871028A1 (en)
CN (1) CN105722645A (en)
WO (1) WO2015067590A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3181299A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Percussive handheld machine tool
EP3181300A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Percussive handheld machine tool
EP3181298A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Percussive machine tool
EP3181301A1 (en) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-21 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Percussive handheld machine tool
EP3335837A1 (en) * 2016-12-14 2018-06-20 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Control method for an impacting handheld machine tool
CN107914189A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-17 义乌市晶凯机械设备有限公司 A kind of new smooth polishing all-in-one machine
CN110340852B (en) * 2019-08-13 2024-02-27 油特机械工具（大连）有限公司 High-precision long-life rechargeable point punching gun

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DE2538896C3 (en) * 1975-09-02 1979-02-22 Bernhard Dr.Rer.Oec. Dipl.-Ing. 7260 Calw Bender Impact device, especially hammer drill
US4932479A (en) * 1988-05-05 1990-06-12 Vladimir Pyatov Vacuum-compression type percussion power tool with a pumping chamber
ZA908924B (en) * 1990-01-15 1991-08-28 Sulzer Ag A percussion device
DE10249139A1 (en) * 2002-10-22 2004-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Air cushion percussion
DE10332109B4 (en) * 2003-07-15 2009-01-15 Wacker Construction Equipment Ag Implement with handle cushioning
DE10358571A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2005-07-07 Hilti Ag Impact-type electric hand-tool such as chisel hammer or combi-hammer, has motor control having power sensor dependant on power uptake
EP2130651B1 (en) 2007-03-26 2014-11-26 Makita Corporation Impact tool
DE102009008190A1 (en) * 2009-01-30 2010-08-05 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Pneumatic percussion
DE102010029915A1 (en) * 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Machine tool and control method
DE102012206445A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-24 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft machine tool
DE102012206451B4 (en) * 2012-04-19 2020-12-10 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Hand machine tool
DE102012206452A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-24 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Hand tool and control method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2871028A1 (en) 2015-05-13
EP3068585A1 (en) 2016-09-21
WO2015067590A1 (en) 2015-05-14
CN105722645A (en) 2016-06-29
US20160271779A1 (en) 2016-09-22

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