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EP2398695B1 - Système d'ancrage en eaux profondes et ultra-profondes - Google Patents

Système d'ancrage en eaux profondes et ultra-profondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2398695B1
EP2398695B1 EP10710098A EP10710098A EP2398695B1 EP 2398695 B1 EP2398695 B1 EP 2398695B1 EP 10710098 A EP10710098 A EP 10710098A EP 10710098 A EP10710098 A EP 10710098A EP 2398695 B1 EP2398695 B1 EP 2398695B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mooring
riser
pendant
vessel
flowline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10710098A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2398695A2 (fr
Inventor
Douglas Barclay Davidson
Jonathan Frederick Jury
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mooring Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Mooring Systems Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mooring Systems Ltd filed Critical Mooring Systems Ltd
Publication of EP2398695A2 publication Critical patent/EP2398695A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2398695B1 publication Critical patent/EP2398695B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/507—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mooring and flowline system for use in floating facilities for handling petroleum and petroleum products.
  • the system is particularly, but not exclusively applicable to the mooring and loading of floating production vessels operating in waters in excess of 1000m deep.
  • Tanker conversions used hitherto have required extensive conversion.
  • a turret mooring which includes a rotary oil flowline joint. This requires major structural work on the tanker in addition to the complex mooring turret.
  • a flexible riser to the tanker has been used, but has required large quick disconnect (QDC) valves with a physical size and weight requiring installation outboard of the tanker bow on a specially installed and relatively large structure.
  • QDC quick disconnect
  • Tri-Catenary Mooring System has more recently been proposed in patents US 5,944,448 and US 6,435,124 (assigned to Mooring Systems Limited of Aberdeen, UK) and such a system has proved very effective in operation in the Oudna field, offshore Tunisia, in approximately 260m water depth. However, it is acknowledged that it would not be technically possible to use the same Tri-Catenary Mooring Systems in water of a depth greater than 500m.
  • GB 2 239 441A discloses an offshore mooring and loading system for a dynamically positioned vessel, in which the vessel is not anchored to the seabed by the mooring system.
  • US 4,270,611 discloses a mooring station and transfer terminal for offshore hydrocarbon production comprising a waterlight caisson topped by a rotable arm and using rotary couplings. The mooring station stays permanently on the water surface.
  • An object of embodiments in accordance with the present invention is to provide an improved mooring and flowline system which is quickly and fully disconnectable from the FPSO vessel, which is simple and economical to install and which is suitable for use in Deep Water (i.e. at depths greater than 500m) and Ultra Deep Water (i.e. at depths greater than 1000m). It is also an object of embodiments in accordance with the invention to provide a system which requires minimum use of heavy lifting gear located on the FPSO vessel or other support vessel.
  • the present invention provides a mooring and flowline system according to claim 1.
  • the system comprises two or more guide frames and more preferably comprises more than two guide frames such as in the region of 6 to 12 guide frames.
  • the buoyancy means are distributed along the length of the mooring pendant, between the common mooring node member and the upper end of the mooring pendant for connection to the vessel and more preferably are distributed substantially equi-distant along the length of the mooring pendant.
  • the buoyancy means are provided on, in-between, for or by each of the two or more guide frames such that the two or more guide frames support the mooring pendant when disconnected from the floating production and/or storage vessel and more preferably, the buoyancy means are provided by each of the two or more guide frames.
  • the mooring and flowline system is arranged such that when the mooring pendant is connected to the floating production and/or storage vessel, in use, at least one of the guide frames is located above the surface of the sea and at least one of the guide frames is located below the surface of the sea.
  • the two or more guide frames are sealed pressure vessels.
  • the two or more guide frames consist of sealed chambers that are filled with air.
  • the sealed chambers are filled with any suitable buoyant material, for example foam.
  • the buoyancy of the two or more guide frames can be adjusted to control the position in use, of the common mooring node member and mooring pendant below the surface of the sea and above the seabed, when the mooring pendant is disconnected from the floating production and/or storage vessel.
  • buoyancy means is provided for, on or by the mooring means to reduce the likelihood of the anchor risers clashing or interfering with the flowline risers when the system is connected to and disconnected from the vessel.
  • the system is capable of operating at depths up to 1000m, and more preferably at depths greater than 1000m such as between 1000 and 1500m of water.
  • disconnection of the system can be made without the need to lower the system into the water using a winch.
  • the two or more guide frames are located below the surface of the sea and above the sea bed and more preferably, the buoyancy provided by the buoyancy means of the two or more guide frames supports the mooring pendant and one or more flowline risers attached thereto when disconnected at a depth in the region of 50m to 100m and more preferably in the region of 70m.
  • the system adopts a stable submerged configuration.
  • the buoyancy on the flowlines is in the form of buoyancy tanks.
  • yet further buoyancy means is provided for, on or by the anchor risers such that the profile of the anchor risers is increased in that the anchor risers are raised and held above the flowlines. Increasing the profile of the anchor risers helps to reduce the likelihood of the anchor risers clashing or interfering with the flowline risers.
  • a riser jumper provides fluid communication between each riser tower and the floating production and/or storage vessel.
  • each riser jumper is a continuous conduit with a single axial rotational coupling, located between the uppermost guide frame and a riser jumper hang-off point on the vessel.
  • the buoyancy tanks support a connection between the riser tower and the riser jumper at a depth of 150m.
  • buoyancy tanks pull on the connection via 20m of chain.
  • the system is fully disconnectable in 10 hrs, more preferably in 8 hrs, and in less than 8 hrs being particularly preferred.
  • anchors there are at least three anchors in an angular array, three anchors at mutual 120° spacings being particularly preferred.
  • the anchors may be arranged to point north, south-west and south-east.
  • the common mooring node member may be a plain ring, shackle or plate.
  • a conventional tanker is used as the production vessel with minimal conversion, the chafe chain brought inboard of the tanker to a standard chain stopper or to a remotely controlled release stopper, the riser jumpers are brought inboard of the tanker over a chute to have their inboard ends lying near the tanker deck, and quick disconnect valves are located near the tanker deck between said riser jumpers and a tank manifold of the tanker.
  • the chafe chain may comprise two parallel chains, one passing over each bow of the vessel.
  • anchor risers are chains between 120 and 147mm in diameter of Grade R3 or optionally of higher strength material.
  • the chafe chain is 147mm in diameter of Grade R3 or optionally of higher strength material.
  • the vessel is a tanker.
  • a floating production tanker or FPSO 10 is anchored to the sea bed 12 by means of a three-leg anchor system consisting of anchor risers 14a, 14b, 14c and mooring buoys 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e and 16f.
  • the anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c are connected to a common mooring node 18, from which a mooring pendant 20 is secured to the tanker 10.
  • the anchor system is in the vicinity of a wellhead (not shown in the drawings) from which oil is transferred via a number of flowlines, as will now be described.
  • the flowlines consist of riser towers 22a, 22b and 22c and riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c.
  • the riser towers 22a, 22b and 22c are provided with buoyancy tanks 26a, 26b and 26c.
  • the riser towers 22a, 22b and 22c may be tensioned steel catenary risers.
  • the upper part of the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c are secured along the mooring pendant 20 by the guide frames 32 that are each rigidly connected to plates 56 integral to the chafe chain 36 as shown in Fig. 6 .
  • the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c are taken aboard the tanker 10 via a turret 34.
  • the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c are flexible with sufficient dynamic properties to accept movement of the ship's bow and movement of the anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c.
  • the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c are continuous conduits with a single axial rotational coupling (not shown), located between the uppermost guide frame 32 and a riser jumper hang off point (not shown) on the turret 34 of the tanker 10.
  • the mooring buoys 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e and 16f increase the profile of the anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c such that anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c are held above and clear of the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c, reducing the likelihood of the anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c clashing or interfering with the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c.
  • the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c can be unbonded or bonded pipes of a wide variety of sizes and specifications.
  • the mooring pendant 20 is particularly for use with a mooring and flowline system as described herein that can be operated in Ultra Deep Water.
  • the mooring pendant 20 can also be used with a lazy-wave arrangement of flowlines such as that described in patents US 5,944,448 and US 6,435,124 (assigned to Mooring Systems Limited of Aberdeen, UK), and such systems could be operated in Deep Water (but would not likely be suited for Ultra Deep Water).
  • the anchor system is set such that a 120° angle may be presented towards the sea bed 12 with one leg of the anchor system pointing north.
  • Fig. 2 also shows umbilicals 28a, 28b and 28c provided with flotation collars 30a, 30b and 30c.
  • the umbilicals 28a, 28b and 28c provide communication between the vessel 10 and wellhead (not shown).
  • the anchors may be any suitable form of conventional mooring anchor. At least some of the length of each anchor riser 14a, 14b and 14c is chain. In this embodiment the on-bottom section is chain, the lower part of the anchor risers 14a, 14b, 14c is chain and the upper 350m of the anchor risers 14a, 14b, 14c is preferably of synthetic rope.
  • rope for part of the anchor riser 14a, 14b, 14c has several advantages. Principally, it reduces the weight which has to be lifted when the tanker 10 is connecting to the system, as is discussed more fully below. It also simplifies stowage on the vessel 10 used to deploy the system. When rope is used it is desirable to have the final 30 metres or so of anchor riser 14a, 14b, 14c nearest the node 18, of chain, to reduce the risk of kinking the rope.
  • the node 18 is a plate that connects together the three anchor risers 14a, 14b and 14c and the pendant 20 with adequate mechanical strength.
  • a suitably sized master ring may be used, or a triangular plate arrangement, together with conventional shackles.
  • No swivel is incorporated in the node 18.
  • the lower most end of the chafe chain 36 is secured to the node 18 with a suitable shackle or the like.
  • Guide frames 32 are secured to the chafe chain 36 as shown in Fig. 6 and described below.
  • Fig. 3 shows the disposition of the three riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c passing through nine guide frames 32, although ten guide frames 32 are shown in Fig. 1 , secured to the chafe chain 36.
  • the guide frames 32 are evenly distributed along the length of the chafe chain 36.
  • the tanker 10 is a segregated ballast tanker of 600,000 to 750,000 bbl capacity and the mooring is designed to hold the node 18 at a depth of 30 metres, and thus up to about 15 metres beneath the tanker hull.
  • the chafe chain 36 will be of the order of 40 to 60m in length.
  • the preferred form for the mooring pendant 20 comprises a single large-size chafe chain 36 extending from the node 18 and connected to the tanker 10.
  • a suitable chain has a diameter in the region of 120mm to 147 mm, which will fit many standard chain stoppers (not shown). This arrangement simplifies the design of the node 18 and minimises modification to the tanker 10.
  • a suitable tanker bow installation or turret is used that requires minimum modification of standard shipping practices, as described in for example US 6,435,124 .
  • each anchor (not shown) to be laid in turn, and the anchor risers 14a, 14b, 14c to be run back to a common point. As it is laid, each anchor riser 14a, 14b, 14c is buoyed off on a pendant wire (not shown). Tensioning of the anchors can be achieved using the bollard pull of suitable vessels or with the inclusion in the system of a standard chain tensioner.
  • One of the mooring legs (not shown) includes a standard seabed chain stopper for correct pre-tensioning of the system.
  • Fig. 4 depicts the mooring and flowline system disconnected from the vessel.
  • the system adopts a stable submerged configuration, the mooring pendant 20 preferably being arranged to sink to a depth of 70m.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a pick-up rope 42 attached to the upper end of the mooring pendant 20 and a buoy 46.
  • the pick-up rope 42 is recovered from buoy 46, either by the tanker 10 itself or by a support vessel (not shown) and fired across to the tanker using a compressed air rocket gun (not shown).
  • the tanker 10 pulls on the pick-up rope and starts to retrieve the mooring pendant 20, securing the chafe chain 36 in the chain stoppers (not shown).
  • the winches (also not shown) of a typical tanker 10 can be supplemented by a block and tackle or a temporary winch to achieve sufficient pull for this application, which may require a pull of up to 400 tonnes.
  • the guide frames 32 provide buoyancy and therefore an upward force which reduces the pull or recovery force required to lift the mooring pendant 20, and the rest of the mooring and flowline system, from a depth of 70m up to the sea surface 66. Therefore, the guide frames 32 provide sufficient buoyancy to the mooring and flowline system such that the force provided by the buoyancy of the guide frames 32 (when the upper most guide frame 32 is in the region of 70m water depth) is substantially equal and opposite to the weight of the rest of the mooring and flowline system and thus provides stability to the mooring and flowline system in the water after it has been disconnected from the tanker 10.
  • Fig. 5 shows a guide frame 32 in more detail.
  • the guide frame 32 is a sealed pressure vessel.
  • the central slot 48 receives the chafe chain (not shown).
  • Ports 50a, 50b and 50c receive riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c.
  • Ports 52a and 52b receive two of the umbilicals 28a, 28b and 28c.
  • Port 54 receives a gas export pipe (not shown).
  • Fig. 6 further depicts the plate 56 used for connecting the guide frame 32 to the chafe chain 36.
  • the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 6 comprises chambers 60 filled with air, although they could be partially or fully evacuated to provide a partial or full vacuum.
  • the chambers 60 are sealed to provide buoyancy.
  • the chafe chain 36 is secured to the guide frame 32 by bolts 62 that pass through plate 56 and guide frame 32.
  • a breakaway-cum-emergency release unit may be provided, suitably a Gall-Thomson coupling is included and consists of bolts which shear at a predetermined axial load, a chute and a short section of flexible pipe ensuring that the load on the coupling is always axial.
  • the breakaway-cum-emergency release unit also seals the pipe both sides of the unit as the unit breaks apart.
  • a manually operated ball valve would be used to close the connection in normal disconnection routines.
  • the hydraulically or gas pressure activated release system (not shown) within the breakaway-cum-emergency release unit can be operated remotely, for example, from the bridge of the vessel, when it is decided to make an emergency disconnection of the tanker.
  • the emergency shutdown valve is included to provide shutdown of flow without disconnection and would normally be part of the tanker's equipment even if not located close to the release system.
  • the vessel 10 aligns with its stern 64 meeting the waves (not shown).
  • the vessel 10 is able to weathervane up to three times before it must turn back to unwind the riser jumpers 24a, 24b and 24c; umbilicals 28a, 28b and 28c; and gas export pipe (not shown) from around the chafe chain 36.
  • the invention provides a mooring and flowline system which can handle one or more flowlines making use of a minimally converted tanker and relatively small, standard components.
  • the present invention may use individual hose swivels each typically 600mm long, weighing 120kg and costing about GBP 20,000, made as standard components by manufacturers such as Woodfield.
  • prior art systems require the use of a multi-path (toroidal) flowline swivel which can be up to 10m high, weigh several tens of tons, and cost GBP 3-4 million.
  • buoyancy can be added to the chafe chain 36 in-between guide frames 32 either instead of the inherent buoyancy provided by the sealed pressure vessel guide frames 32 disclosed herein or in addition thereto, to support the mooring pendant 20 when disconnected from the vessel 10 and submerged.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Un système d'amarrage et de conduite d'écoulement comprenant :
    des moyens pour amarrer un support flottant de production et/ou de stockage au fond de la mer ; et
    une ou plusieurs conduites d'écoulement (22, 24) destinées à être connectées à un ou
    plusieurs puits producteurs ou à une installation ;
    les moyens d'amarrage comprenant au moins deux ancres dans le fond de la mer et un tube prolongateur d'ancre respectif (14) partant de chacune des ancres, une extrémité de chacun des tubes prolongateurs d'ancres étant fixée à son ancre et l'autre extrémité étant fixée à un élément formant noeud d'amarrage commun (18), et une ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) partant de l'élément formant noeud d'amarrage commun (18), la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) possédant une extrémité supérieure destinée à être connectée, lors de l'utilisation, au bâtiment ;
    chaque conduite d'écoulement (22, 24) comprenant une conduite d'écoulement inférieure (22) s'étendant depuis le puits ou l'installation à mi-chemin en direction du bâtiment au voisinage des moyens d'amarrage, et un riser de production (24) s'étendant de la conduite d'écoulement inférieure (22) jusqu'au bâtiment (10);
    au moins deux cadres de guidage (32) répartis tout au long de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) pour fixer une partie de la longueur de chaque riser de production à la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage afin de contrôler le déplacement latéral et tournant du riser de production de manière que, lors de l'utilisation, chaque riser de production soit capable de partir en spirale autour de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) en réponse à la rotation du bâtiment (10) ; et
    des moyens de flottabilité sont prévus sur, entre, pour ou par au moins deux des deux ou plus cadres de guidage (32), la flottabilité conférée par les moyens de flottabilité étant suffisante pour supporter l'élément formant noeud d'amarrage commun (18) et la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) en dessous de la surface de la mer et au-dessus du fond de la mer lorsque la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage est déconnectée du support flottant de production et/ou de stockage.
  2. Un système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les moyens de flottabilité comprennent deux ou plus récipients sous pression étanches.
  3. Un système selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la flottabilité d'un ou plusieurs des récipients sous pression étanches peut être ajustée pour contrôler la position, lors de l'utilisation, de l'élément formant noeud d'amarrage commun et de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage en dessous de la surface de la mer et au-dessus du fond de la mer, lorsque la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) est déconnectée du support flottant de production et/ou de stockage (10).
  4. Un système selon la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans lequel le système d'amarrage et de conduite d'écoulement est arrangé de sorte que lorsque la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) est connectée au support flottant de production et/ou de stockage (10), lors de l'utilisation, au moins un des récipients sous pression étanches se trouve au-dessus de la surface de la mer et au moins un des récipients sous pression étanches se trouve en dessous de la surface de la mer.
  5. Un système selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente, dans lequel les moyens de flottabilité sont répartis tout au long de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20).
  6. Un système selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les moyens de flottabilité sont répartis entre l'élément formant noeud d'amarrage commun (18) et l'extrémité supérieure de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20) destinée à être connectée au bâtiment.
  7. Un système selon la revendication 5 ou la revendication 6, dans lequel les moyens de flottabilité sont répartis de façon équidistante tout au long de la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage (20).
  8. Un système selon n'importe lesquelles des revendications précédentes, dans lequel des moyens de flottabilité supplémentaires sont prévus pour, sur ou par les moyens d'amarrage et/ou les tubes prolongateurs d'ancres.
  9. Un système selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente adapté pour opérer à des profondeurs allant de 1 000 à 1 500 m d'eau.
  10. Un système selon n'importe quelles revendications précédentes, adapté pour que la déconnexion se fasse sans qu'il soit nécessaire de descendre le système dans l'eau à l'aide d'un treuil.
  11. Un système selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente, comprenant une liaison sous-marine de tube prolongateur qui établit la communication de fluide entre chaque tour-riser et le support flottant de production et/ou de stockage (10).
  12. Un système selon la revendication 11, dans lequel chaque liaison sous-marine de tube prolongateur est un conduit continu avec un raccord tournant axial unique, se trouvant entre le cadre de guidage le plus haut et un point d'accrochage de liaison sous-marine de tube prolongateur sur le bâtiment (10).
  13. Un système selon la revendication 11, dans lequel les moyens de flottabilité supportent une connexion entre la tour-riser et la liaison sous-marine de tube prolongateur à une profondeur de 150 m.
  14. Un système selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente comprenant trois ancres dans un groupement angulaire à un écartement mutuel de 120°.
  15. Un système selon n'importe quelle revendication précédente, dans lequel les tubes prolongateurs d'ancres sont des chaînes faisant entre 120 et 147 mm de diamètre réalisées en un matériau présentant une résistance de Grade R3 ou plus et la ligne d'ancre d'amarrage comprend une chaîne de ragage faisant 147 mm de diamètre réalisée en un matériau présentant une résistance de Grade R3 ou plus.
EP10710098A 2009-02-20 2010-02-19 Système d'ancrage en eaux profondes et ultra-profondes Not-in-force EP2398695B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0902870A GB2467938A (en) 2009-02-20 2009-02-20 Deep water and ultra deep water mooring system
PCT/GB2010/050291 WO2010094973A2 (fr) 2009-02-20 2010-02-19 Système d'ancrage en eaux profondes et ultra-profondes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2398695A2 EP2398695A2 (fr) 2011-12-28
EP2398695B1 true EP2398695B1 (fr) 2012-12-19

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US (1) US20120040573A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2398695B1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI1008301A2 (fr)
GB (1) GB2467938A (fr)
SG (1) SG173783A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010094973A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2015328337B2 (en) * 2014-10-09 2018-09-20 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Taut inverted catenary mooring system
EP3204285A4 (fr) * 2014-10-09 2018-05-02 Single Buoy Moorings Inc. Système d'amarrage de caténaire inversée tendue
NO20230328A1 (en) * 2023-03-24 2024-09-25 Oddmund Vik Submerged retrievable swivel for a floating structure, such as a floating windmill

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SG173783A1 (en) 2011-09-29
GB2467938A (en) 2010-08-25
GB0902870D0 (en) 2009-04-08
BRPI1008301A2 (pt) 2016-03-15
EP2398695A2 (fr) 2011-12-28
US20120040573A1 (en) 2012-02-16
WO2010094973A2 (fr) 2010-08-26
WO2010094973A3 (fr) 2011-06-23

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