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EP2276321B1 - Caloporteur - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2276321B1
EP2276321B1 EP09290572.8A EP09290572A EP2276321B1 EP 2276321 B1 EP2276321 B1 EP 2276321B1 EP 09290572 A EP09290572 A EP 09290572A EP 2276321 B1 EP2276321 B1 EP 2276321B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ptc
heat exchanger
ptc element
heat
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP09290572.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2276321A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Dott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
Original Assignee
Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS filed Critical Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
Priority to EP09290572.8A priority Critical patent/EP2276321B1/fr
Publication of EP2276321A1 publication Critical patent/EP2276321A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2276321B1 publication Critical patent/EP2276321B1/fr
Revoked legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/50—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger according to the preamble of claim 1 and an automotive air conditioning system.
  • Automotive air conditioning systems serve to heat and / or to cool the air to be supplied to the interior of a motor vehicle.
  • electric heaters are used to heat the air supplied to the interior.
  • the electric heater comprises a heat exchanger with a PTC element.
  • Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) elements are current-carrying materials that have electrical resistance and can conduct electricity better at lower temperatures than at higher temperatures. Their electrical resistance thus increases with increasing temperature.
  • the PTC element is generally made of ceramic and is a PTC thermistor. This raises regardless of the boundary conditions - such. B. applied voltage, nominal resistance or air flow to the PTC element - a very uniform surface temperature PTC element. Overheating can be prevented as it z. B. could occur with a normal heat-emitting heating wire, since regardless of the boundary conditions always about the same resistance and thus a substantially identical electrical heating power is applied.
  • a heat exchanger comprises a PTC element, at least two electrical conductors by means of which electrical current is conducted through the PTC element and heat conducting elements, in particular corrugated fins or fins, by means of which the surface for heating the air increases and thus the heat from the PTC element the heat conducting element and the air is transferred.
  • the US 4,327,282 shows a heat exchanger with a PTC heating element.
  • Current is passed through the PTC heating element by means of contact plates and an insulating layer is arranged on the contact plates.
  • the components are held together by means of a U-shaped clip.
  • a heat generating element of a heater for air heating comprising at least one PTC element and voltage applied to opposite side surfaces of the PTC element electrical conductor tracks, wherein the two electrical conductors are surrounded on the outside by a non-electrically conductive insulating layer.
  • the DE 101 18 599 B4 shows an electric heater, in particular as additional heater of a vehicle, with at least one frame part for receiving at least a flat, openings for flow of heating air having grid-like PTC heating element with an elastic means for electrically contacting the PTC heating elements.
  • the device for electrical contacting of the PTC heating elements is designed as a U-shaped contact spring, the free leg of the PTC heating element spring is resilient and at the same time provides for a tolerances compensating mechanical support of the PTC heating element relative to the frame part.
  • From the DE 103 33 451 A1 is a device for receiving ceramic heating elements in a heating device with an insulating frame and at least one held by this contact plate on which the heating elements can be placed known.
  • the contact plate and the frame are connected non-positively.
  • contact plates which are in electrical contact with the PTC elements are used directly.
  • the PTC elements are disc-shaped and for passing electrical current through the PTC elements, the contact plate is connected to the PTC element by adhesive bonding on two opposite sides of the PTC elements.
  • a corrugated fin part or a lamella part is applied as a heat conducting element for transmitting heat from the PTC elements to a fluid to be heated by means of gluing.
  • At the two outer ends of the corrugated rib parts or the plate parts is ever an additional other contact plate mounted.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a heat exchanger and a motor vehicle air conditioning system in which the PTC elements can be electrically connected to as few components as possible and a small number of adhesive connections to a power source in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger ,
  • the heat exchanger and the automotive air conditioning system should work reliably in operation.
  • a heat exchanger comprising at least one PTC element, at least two electrically conductively connected to the at least one PTC element conductor to conduct electrical current through the at least one PTC element and thereby the at least one PTC element heat, at least one heat conducting element for transmitting heat from the at least one PTC element to a fluid to be heated, and preferably at least one means for connecting the at least one PTC element, the at least two conductors and the at least one heat conducting element to each other, wherein at least one of at least two conductors is also a heat conducting element, wherein at least one PTC element is fixed to a disc-shaped and / or strip-shaped and / or frame-like fastening part, wherein the at least one PTC element is fixed by means of a latching and / or clip connection to the fastening part ,
  • One of the at least two conductors thus also functions as a heat-conducting element, i. H. one of the at least two conductors serves to transfer heat from the at least one PTC element to a fluid to be heated.
  • the at least one conductor is a component which is both a conductor and a heating element.
  • the surface of the at least one conductor which is also heat-conducting element, is larger than the surface at least a PTC element, in particular larger than the surface of all PTC elements of the heat exchanger.
  • the surface of the at least one conductor which is also a heat-conducting element, is greater than 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 70 cm 2 .
  • the surface of the at least one conductor which is also a heat-conducting element, is 1.5, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20 and 30 times larger than the surface of the at least one PTC element, in particular as the surface of all PTC elements of the heat exchanger.
  • a component thus serves both as a conductor and as a heat element, so that at least one component and at least one adhesive connection for connecting the components of the heat exchanger can be saved in the production of the heat exchanger.
  • all conductors which are in direct electrical contact with the at least one PTC element are also heat-conducting elements.
  • the conductor can be connected, for example by means of a material connection, for.
  • an adhesive connection be connected to the at least one PTC element, so that the electrical current is possibly also at least partially passed through the material of the cohesive connection.
  • the heat exchanger comprises two conductors, in particular only two conductors, which are in direct electrical contact with the at least one PTC element, which are also heat-conducting elements, this conductor may for example also be multi-part.
  • the at least one conductor which is also a heat-conducting element, is an identical component and / or the at least one conductor, which is also a heat-conducting element, is in direct electrical contact with the at least one PTC element.
  • the at least one PTC element is a planar component, wherein the planar component has two opposite surface sides, which have the respective largest surface side of the PTC element.
  • the PTC component plane is preferably parallel to these two surface sides.
  • the at least one PTC element is preferably a plate-shaped component which has a greater extent in a PTC component plane than perpendicular to the PTC component plane.
  • the extension perpendicular to the PTC component level of the at least one conductor which is also a heat-conducting element, is greater than the extent of the at least one PTC element perpendicular to the PTC component plane.
  • the conductor also serves as a heat conducting element and thus has to have a large surface area for the transmission of heat to the fluid to be heated. To achieve this large surface, it is necessary that the conductor and thus the heat element has a correspondingly large extent perpendicular to the PTC component level.
  • the extension is perpendicular to the PTC component level of the at least one conductor, which is also a heat conducting element, at least which is 1.5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 or 20 times greater than the extent of the at least one PTC element perpendicular to the PTC component plane.
  • At least one conductor in particular a corrugated fin part or a fin part, which are also heat-conducting elements, are each arranged on two opposite surface sides of the at least one PTC element which are parallel to the PTC component plane.
  • the at least one conductor which is also a heat-conducting element, a corrugated fin part or a fin part and / or all conductors, which are also heat-conducting elements, are corrugated rib parts or fin parts.
  • the fastening part is provided with at least one recess and in the at least one recess is ever at least one PTC element, in particular only one PTC element arranged.
  • the at least one PTC element is fixed to the fastening part by means of a non-positive and / or positive connection, in particular a detent and / or clip connection.
  • the at least one PTC element can thus be easily fixed to the fastening part without a cohesive connection, in particular an adhesive connection.
  • the extent or thickness of the fastening part perpendicular to the PTC component level is smaller than the extent or thickness of the at least one PTC element, so that on at least two opposite surface sides of the at least one PTC element, the at least one PTC element of each At least one conductor, in particular a corrugated fin part or a lamella part, is electrically contacted.
  • the disk-shaped and / or strip-shaped fastening part is aligned parallel to the PTC component plane of the at least one PTC element.
  • the thickness or the extent of the fastening part perpendicular to the PTC component plane is smaller than the extension or thickness of the at least one PTC element perpendicular to the PTC component plane.
  • the at least one PTC element is aligned within the recess to the effect that the at least one PTC element protrudes slightly on both sides of the fastening part.
  • a planar conductor in particular the corrugated fin part, can contact the at least one PTC element although the at least one PTC element is arranged in the at least one recess of the fastening part.
  • the heat exchanger comprises two contact sheets as conductors and / or the at least one conductor and / or the at least one heat-conducting element and / or the fastening part and / or at least one PTC element are positively and materially connected to each other, in particular by means of an adhesive bond and / or a frame.
  • the frame encloses at least partially outer or outermost components of the heat exchanger, so that so that the components or components of the heat exchanger are held together.
  • the electric heating device is designed according to a heat exchanger described in this application.
  • the motor vehicle air conditioning system comprises a refrigerant evaporator and / or a blower and / or a filter.
  • the heating of the air takes place exclusively by means of at least one electric heating device, in particular a heat exchanger described in this application with at least one PTC element.
  • the at least one heat-conducting element has a thermal conductivity of at least 1 W / mK, in particular at least 30 W / mK.
  • the fastening part has an electrical insulation of at least 1 kV / mm, in particular at least 25 kV / mm.
  • the fastening part has a dielectric strength of at least 1 kV perpendicular to a PTC component plane.
  • Fig. 1 shows an automotive air conditioning system 7.
  • an air conditioning housing 9 with a bottom wall 10 and an outlet opening 12 is a fan 8, a filter 13, a refrigerant evaporator 14 and an electric heater 15 arranged.
  • the air conditioning housing 9 thus forms a channel 18 for passing the air.
  • Walls 11 of the air conditioning housing 9 have on the inside a surface 19, which delimit the channel 18.
  • the air for the interior of a motor vehicle is passed by means of the blower 8 through the filter 13, the refrigerant evaporator 14 and the electric heater 15.
  • the motor vehicle air conditioning system 7 may also comprise a heat exchanger (not shown) through which the coolant of an internal combustion engine flows to heat the air.
  • the heat exchanger 6 comprises two conductors 3 designed as contact plates 4 in order to be able to pass electrical current through PTC elements 1 as an electrical resistance heating element so that the PTC element 1 heats up due to the electrical resistance.
  • Two heat-conducting elements 2 designed as corrugated rib portions 5 serve both to transfer heat from the PTC elements 1 to the fluid to be heated, namely air, and to conduct electrical current through the PTC elements 1.
  • An identical component thus serves both as a conductor 3 and as a heat conducting element 2, namely the corrugated fin part 5.
  • the two contact plates 4 and the two corrugated ribs 5 consist at least partially of metal, in particular aluminum.
  • the corrugated rib parts 5 and the two contact plates 4 thus have a high thermal conductivity as well as a good current conductivity.
  • the at least partially made of plastic fastening part 17 has in the region of the recesses 20 a plurality of clip connections 21.
  • the clip connections 21 are partially also elastically deformable, so that it comes to a non-positive connection between the fastening part 17 and the PTC elements 1 due to a bias of the clip connections 21.
  • the outer edge of the PTC element 1 is shown by dashed lines. This is in Fig.
  • the PTC element 1 has a PTC component level 16. It is located in the illustration in Fig. 2 the dashed outer edge of the PTC element 1 shown in FIG Fig. 2 within the PTC component level 16. In Fig. 3 Furthermore, a straight line 25 is shown which is perpendicular to the PTC component plane 16. Furthermore, a PTC element 1 has two surface sides 22. The two surface sides 22 are parallel to the PTC component plane 16 and the two surface sides 22 each represent those sides of the PTC element 1 which have the largest surface respectively.
  • the thickness or the extent of the fastening part 17 in the direction of the straight line 25 is smaller than the thickness or expansion of the PTC elements 1 in the direction of the straight line 25 in an arrangement in the recess 20.
  • the thickness of the PTC elements 1 corresponds to the distance the two surface sides 22.
  • the clip connections 21 are designed such that the PTC elements 1 are fastened centrally within the fastening part 17, so that the PTC elements 1 slightly in the direction of the straight line 25 from the recesses 20 with respect to the remaining part of the fastening part 17 stand out.
  • the two contact plates 4, the two corrugated rib parts 5 and the fastening part 17 are layered or sandwiched one above the other ( 4 and 5 ).
  • Fig. 4 the entire heat exchanger 6 is partially shown and in Fig. 5 are the upper contact plate 4 and the upper corrugated rib portion 5 according to Fig. 4 not shown.
  • the two contact plates 4, the two corrugated rib parts 5 and the fastening part 17 with the PTC elements 1 in the recesses 20 are connected to each other by means of an adhesive connection, not shown.
  • the two contact plates 4 have at the ends plug 23 with electrical contact elements 24. At the contact elements 24, an unrepresented electrical mating connector can be inserted with an electrical contact element, not shown, so that the two contact plates 4 can be connected to a voltage source.
  • the introduced into a contact plate 4 current thus flows, for example, from in Fig. 4 shown upper contact plate 4, through the corrugated fin part 5 and then through the PTC elements 1, then through the lower corrugated fin part 5 and then out of the lower contact plate 4 through the lower contact plate 4 with the electrical contact element 24 out.
  • the corrugated ribs 5 can easily contact the PTC elements 1, because the PTC elements 1 slightly protruding from the recesses 20 with respect to the fastening part 17.
  • the extent of the corrugated rib portion 5 in the direction of the straight line 25 is substantially greater than the extent or the thickness of the PTC element 1. Further, the corrugated fin portion 5 has a much larger surface than a PTC element 1, in particular all PTC elements 1, on and also a much larger surface than the contact plate 4.
  • the corrugated ribs 5 serve both for passing electricity and for transferring heat from the at least one PTC element 1 to the air as the fluid to be heated.
  • the large surface and the large extent in the direction of the straight line 25 of the corrugated fin part 5 is required so that sufficient heat can be transferred from the PTC elements 1 through the corrugated fin part 5 to the air as the fluid to be heated.
  • Within the heat exchanger 5 a total of only four adhesive joints are also required. Namely two adhesive joints between the contact plates 4 and the corrugated rib parts 5 and between the corrugated rib parts 5 and the PTC elements 1 and the fastening part 17th
  • a component namely the corrugated fin part 5 serves both as a heat transfer element 2 for transferring heat from the PTC elements 1 to the air and as electrical conductors 3 to conduct electrical current through the PTC elements 1 and thereby the PTC elements 1 to heat.
  • This can be saved in an advantageous manner in the heat exchanger 6 components as well as adhesive joints.
  • the manufacturing cost of the heat exchanger 6 can be lowered and the reliability can thus be advantageously increased.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur (6) comprenant
    - au moins un élément - CTP (1) - à coefficient de température positif,
    - au moins deux conducteurs (3) connectés de manière électroconductrice, à l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, pour faire passer le courant électrique à travers l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un et pour chauffer, de ce fait, l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un,
    - au moins un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2) servant à la transmission de chaleur depuis l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, jusqu'à un fluide à chauffer, et
    au moins un moyen servant à relier l'un à l'autre l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, les conducteurs (3) au moins au nombre de deux et l'élément conducteur de la chaleur (2) au moins au nombre de un, où au moins l'un des conducteurs (3) au moins au nombre de deux est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément CTP (1) est fixé sur une pièce de fixation (17) en forme de plaque et / ou en forme de bande et / ou en forme de cadre, où l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un est fixé sur la pièce de fixation (17) au moyen d'un assemblage par encliquetage et / ou clipsé.
  2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que tous les conducteurs (3), qui sont en contact électrique direct avec l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, sont également des éléments conducteurs de la chaleur (2).
  3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (6) comprend deux conducteurs (3), en particulier seulement deux conducteurs (3) qui sont en contact électrique direct avec l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, lesquels conducteurs sont également des éléments conducteurs de la chaleur (2).
  4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un, qui est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), est un composant identique et / ou le conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un, qui est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), est en contact électrique direct avec l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un.
  5. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un est un composant en forme de plaque, lequel composant présente, dans un plan de composant CTP (16), une étendue plus grande que celle formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16).
  6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étendue formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16) du conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un, qui est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), est plus grande que l'étendue de l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16).
  7. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'étendue formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16) du conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un, qui est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), est au moins 1,5, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15 ou 20 fois plus grande que l'étendue de l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16).
  8. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, sur deux côtés de surface opposés (22) de l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, qui sont parallèles au plan de composant CTP (16), sont disposés à chaque fois au moins un conducteur (3), en particulier une partie d'ailette ondulée (5) ou une partie de lamelle, qui sont également des éléments conducteurs de la chaleur (2).
  9. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un, qui est également un élément conducteur de la chaleur (2), est une partie d'ailette ondulée (5) ou une partie de lamelle et / ou tous les conducteurs (3), qui sont également des éléments conducteurs de la chaleur (2), sont des parties d'ailettes ondulées (5) ou des parties de lamelles.
  10. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de fixation (17) est dotée au moins d'une partie en creux (20), et au moins un élément CTP (1) est disposé à chaque fois dans la partie en creux (20) au moins au nombre de un.
  11. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étendue ou l'épaisseur de la pièce de fixation (17), formée perpendiculairement au plan de composant CTP (16), est inférieure à l'étendue ou à l'épaisseur de l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, de sorte que, sur deux côtés de surface opposés (22) de l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un, l'élément CTP (1) au moins au nombre de un peut être mis en contact électrique à chaque fois par au moins un conducteur (3), en particulier d'une partie d'ailette ondulée (5) ou d'une partie de lamelle.
  12. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (6) comprend deux tôles de contact (4) servant de conducteur (3) et / ou le conducteur (3) au moins au nombre de un et / ou l'élément conducteur de la chaleur (2) au moins au nombre de un et / ou la pièce de fixation (17) et / ou au moins un élément CTP (1) sont assemblés l'un à l'autre par complémentarité de forme et par continuité de matière, en particulier au moyen d'un assemblage collé et / ou au moyen d'un cadre.
  13. Système de climatisation d'un véhicule automobile (7), comprenant un dispositif de chauffage électrique (15), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage électrique (15) comprend au moins un échangeur de chaleur (6) selon l'une quelconque ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes.
EP09290572.8A 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Caloporteur Revoked EP2276321B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09290572.8A EP2276321B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Caloporteur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09290572.8A EP2276321B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Caloporteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2276321A1 EP2276321A1 (fr) 2011-01-19
EP2276321B1 true EP2276321B1 (fr) 2017-04-05

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EP09290572.8A Revoked EP2276321B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Caloporteur

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2607808B1 (fr) * 2011-12-22 2017-09-27 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elément générateur de chaleur
DE102013010465A1 (de) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-24 Mann + Hummel Gmbh Elektrische Heizung für Fluid und Filter für Fluid
DE102017222828A1 (de) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Heizeinrichtung
DE102018212012A1 (de) * 2018-07-18 2020-01-23 Eberspächer Catem Gmbh & Co. Kg Wärmeerzeugendes Element und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE102018127202B4 (de) * 2018-10-31 2020-10-15 Hidria, d.o.o. PTC-Heizung und System

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DE10333451A1 (de) 2003-04-12 2004-11-25 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Keramik-Heizelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen
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EP1926347A1 (fr) 2006-11-23 2008-05-28 Behr France Rouffach SAS Dispositif de chauffage électrique, en particulier pour un véhicule automobile

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DE2845965C2 (de) 1978-10-21 1983-01-20 Fritz Eichenauer GmbH & Co KG, 6744 Kandel Elektrisches Widerstandsheizelement
DE10118599B4 (de) 2001-04-12 2006-07-06 Webasto Ag Elektrische Heizeinrichtung
EP1916874B1 (fr) 2005-09-23 2010-11-24 Eberspächer catem GmbH & Co. KG Elément d'un dispositif de chauffage produisant de la chaleur

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EP0575649A1 (fr) 1992-06-23 1993-12-29 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiateur
EP0616486A1 (fr) 1993-03-17 1994-09-21 Texas Instruments Incorporated Appareil de chauffage et procédé pour chauffer un courant de fluide
US6180930B1 (en) 1999-12-29 2001-01-30 Chia-Hsiung Wu Heater with enclosing envelope
DE10333451A1 (de) 2003-04-12 2004-11-25 Eichenauer Heizelemente Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Keramik-Heizelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen
WO2005049349A1 (fr) 2003-11-18 2005-06-02 Woory Industrial Company, Ltd. Ensemble a tige chauffante et prechauffeur pour vehicules comprenant ledit ensemble
EP1926347A1 (fr) 2006-11-23 2008-05-28 Behr France Rouffach SAS Dispositif de chauffage électrique, en particulier pour un véhicule automobile

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