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EP2131975A1 - Method for making a rivet and rivet obtained by said method - Google Patents

Method for making a rivet and rivet obtained by said method

Info

Publication number
EP2131975A1
EP2131975A1 EP08788038A EP08788038A EP2131975A1 EP 2131975 A1 EP2131975 A1 EP 2131975A1 EP 08788038 A EP08788038 A EP 08788038A EP 08788038 A EP08788038 A EP 08788038A EP 2131975 A1 EP2131975 A1 EP 2131975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rivet
rod
diameter
cylindrical portion
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08788038A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marc Auriol
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etudes et Realisations Industrielles du Sud SARL ERIS
Original Assignee
Etudes et Realisations Industrielles du Sud SARL ERIS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etudes et Realisations Industrielles du Sud SARL ERIS filed Critical Etudes et Realisations Industrielles du Sud SARL ERIS
Publication of EP2131975A1 publication Critical patent/EP2131975A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • B21J15/046—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by edge-curling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/14—Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
    • B21J15/147—Composite articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/58—Making machine elements rivets
    • B21K1/60—Making machine elements rivets hollow or semi-hollow rivets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the manufacture of rivets and in particular adaptations to simplify the manufacturing processes while optimizing the technical characteristics of the latter. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
  • rivets have the advantage of being particularly suitable for assembling parts made of soft or fragile materials, especially synthetic materials such as composite materials.
  • One of these rivets described in patent No. FR 2587421 has the specificity of being provided with a peripheral groove on the outer surface of the rod at the tubular portion thereof. A docking surface is preserved on said outer surface at the end of the rod. This peripheral groove thus avoids the contact of this portion of the rivet with the edges of the hole in the part to be assembled, contact likely to damage said part.
  • This rivet nevertheless has the disadvantage of requiring machining of its outer surface to provide said peripheral groove and to create said docking surface. This machining operation increases the manufacturing cost of the rivet while modifying its technical characteristics. Indeed, while the rivet is preformed by a cold stamping technique the realization of such a groove is implemented by machining which has the effect of breaking the metal fibers which can contribute to poor fatigue performance of the rivet. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • This method of manufacturing a rivet is of the type comprising, by deforming the material of a substantially cylindrical metal section, the pre-forming operations of a milled head at the end of a rod and is remarkable in that it consists in producing by deformation of the material (cold striking) the following operations: - creation of a part of smaller diameter from the free end,
  • This characteristic is particularly advantageous in that it guarantees the fiberization of the material and improves the metallurgical state of the rivet. This method also makes it possible to refine the size of the grains.
  • a non-negligible technical effect of this method lies in the pre-orientation of the metal fibers which promotes the deformation of the rivet during its installation.
  • the fastener or the rivet are envisaged in a plurality of materials such as titanium, T40, titanium with columbium, steel, stainless steel, etc.
  • the method is furthermore remarkable in that it consists in softening the material used by heat treatment.
  • the hard metals used thus undergo a softening operation.
  • the method consists in preforming the large base of the externally formed frustum of a cylindrical surface.
  • docking surfaces are likely to be created also by plastic deformation.
  • this rivet is remarkable in that it consists of at least three parts:
  • the rivet comprises a fourth part, namely a second cylindrical portion of rod of the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion.
  • the invention also relates to the method of following the operations necessary to make a rivet as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a metal section corresponding to a rivet in progress
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c illustrate the steps of the deformation of the metal section of FIG. 1 for the purpose of carrying out an embodiment of a rivet according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a rivet according to the invention.
  • FIGS 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate the steps of the installation of the rivet of the invention.
  • the method of the invention is of the type of the one comprising beforehand the realization by plastic deformation of the material, that is to say by forging from a substantially cylindrical metallic section, the preforming a milled head 100 at the end of a rod 200 appearing in short broken lines.
  • the method of the invention is remarkable in that it always consists of deformation of the material (cold stamping) to create a part 210 of rod of smaller diameter from the free end.
  • the method ensures the creation of a substantially cylindrical hollow core 220 to form a tubular portion.
  • the piece P obtained is that illustrated in strong lines in the drawing of FIG.
  • This piece P is placed in a matrix M which associated with a "punch” ensures the following operations: - preforming conical frustum of the hollow core, - preforming conical frustum of the outer surface of smaller diameter.
  • This matrix M comprises a cylindrical housing whose end is milled so that the head of the piece P can be housed there. Once in place the piece P is held in position and a punch 0 conical end penetrates into the hollow core 220 as shown in Figure 2b. In this movement, the edges of the tube forming this end of the piece P deviate to take the conical shape of the punch until the outer surface of said tube comes into contact with the surface of the housing of the matrix M as illustrated in FIG. Figure 2c.
  • the outer surface also takes the form of a truncated cone. Movement is continued until a cylindrical docking surface at the end of the outer surface of the rod is created.
  • the rivet R thus obtained is illustrated by the drawing of FIG. 3. It comprises a countersunk head 100 'and a rod 200' composed of a solid part 210 'situated under the preformed head 100' and a semi-tubular part 220 'located opposite the head. As illustrated, the semi-tubular portion 220 'is provided with a conically shaped axial hole 221' flaring towards the end opposite the preformed head and opening at this end.
  • the angle ⁇ of taper is between 10 and 30 degrees. According to a preferred embodiment, the angle ⁇ is equal to 20 degrees.
  • the bottom 222 'of the hole adopts the shape of a spherical cap and the hole 221' extends over a little more than half the length of the rod 200 '.
  • the outer surface of the rod adopts a frustoconical shape 223' whose angle ⁇ is between 10 and 30 degrees. According to a preferred embodiment, the angle is equal to 20 degrees.
  • the rod 200 ' is preformed internally and externally at its tubular portion at a same cone angle.
  • the top 224 'of the truncated cone 223' is born under the full portion of rod 210 'and adopts a diameter smaller than said rod.
  • the base 225 'of the cone comes to take the diameter of said solid portion 210' of rod.
  • top 224 'of the outer cone with that 222' of the inner cone 221 'creates a zone of material of less thickness predisposed to the deformation necessary for laying. It also makes it possible to form a recessed volume avoiding that the deformation of the tubular part of the rivet results in a bearing on the surfaces not provided for this purpose of the part to be fixed. The presence of this recessed volume also makes it possible to assemble thicknesses of variable material.
  • the illustrated embodiment of rivet externally has four main parts:
  • This second part is not mandatory and a non-illustrated embodiment of the rivet R is in three parts without a final cylindrical portion.
  • This figure 3 also illustrates the orientation of the fibers of the metal. It is clear that the use of a forging process for all operations of realization of the rivet R makes it possible to obtain a rivet whose fibers are not damaged and are pre-oriented for the deformation necessary for the laying of said rivet R. According to a feature not shown, the thickness of the tube is constant from the end connected to the part full at the open end of the stem.
  • FIGS 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate the installation of the rivet of the invention.
  • This installation is performed for the purpose of fixing two parts 300 and 400 of composite material.
  • the riveting is effected by means of two bouterolles 600 and 700 as schematically represented in these figures 4a, 4b and 4c, the one 600 acting as a support against the side of the head the other 700 being subjected to pressure to form the second head and perform the riveting.
  • the rivet R deforms first without docking then the surface corresponding to the end of the rivet R or the docking surface is applied on the countersink 520 as shown in the drawing. of Figure 4c.
  • the presence of a recessed shape on the outer surface of the rivet causes a folding of its end without contact with the connecting edge between the countersink 520 and the hole 500.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for making a rivet (R), of the type comprising, by deformation of the material of a substantially cylindrical metal segment, the operations of preforming a milled head (100) at the end of a rod (200), characterised in that it comprises, by deformation of the material (cold stamping) the following operations: creating a portion with a lower diameter (210) from the free end; creating a substantially cylindrical hollow core (220) for forming a tubular portion; preforming the hollow core (220) as a truncated cone; performing the lower diameter outer surface as a truncated cone. The invention also relates to the rivet obtained by said method.

Description

PROCÉDÉ DE FABRICATION D'UN RIVET ET RIVET OBTENU SELON CE METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING RIVET AND RIVET OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS
PROCÉDÉ DOMAINE D'APPLICATION DE L'INVENTIONPROCESS FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
L'invention concerne la fabrication des rivets et notamment les adaptations permettant de simplifier les procédés de fabrication tout en optimisant les caractéristiques techniques de ces derniers. DESCRIPTION DE L'ART ANTÉRIEURThe invention relates to the manufacture of rivets and in particular adaptations to simplify the manufacturing processes while optimizing the technical characteristics of the latter. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
II existe dans l'art antérieur des rivets semi tubulaires du type de ceux comprenant une tête préformée et une tige dotée d'un perçage axial pour former une partie tubulaire à l'opposé de la tête préformée.There are in the prior art semi-tubular rivets of the type including a preformed head and a rod with an axial bore to form a tubular portion opposite the preformed head.
Ces rivets ont pour avantage d'être particulièrement adaptés pour réaliser l'assemblage de pièces en matériaux tendres ou fragiles notamment les matériaux synthétiques tels les matériaux composites.These rivets have the advantage of being particularly suitable for assembling parts made of soft or fragile materials, especially synthetic materials such as composite materials.
Un de ces rivets décrits dans le brevet n° FR 2587421 présente pour spécificité d'être ménagé d'une gorge périphérique sur la surface externe de la tige au niveau de la partie tubulaire de celle-ci. Une surface d'accostage est préservée sur ladite surface externe à l'extrémité de la tige. Cette gorge périphérique évite ainsi le contact de cette partie du rivet avec les rebords du trou ménagé dans la pièce à assembler, contact susceptible d'endommager ladite pièce.One of these rivets described in patent No. FR 2587421 has the specificity of being provided with a peripheral groove on the outer surface of the rod at the tubular portion thereof. A docking surface is preserved on said outer surface at the end of the rod. This peripheral groove thus avoids the contact of this portion of the rivet with the edges of the hole in the part to be assembled, contact likely to damage said part.
Ce rivet présente néanmoins pour inconvénient de requérir un usinage de sa surface extérieure pour ménager ladite gorge périphérique et pour créer ladite surface d ' accostage . Cette opération d'usinage augmente le coût de fabrication du rivet tout en modifiant ses caractéristiques techniques. En effet, alors que le rivet est préformé par une technique de frappe à froid la réalisation d'une telle gorge est mise en œuvre par usinage qui a pour effet de casser les fibres du métal ce qui peut contribuer à une mauvaise tenue en fatigue du rivet. DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTIONThis rivet nevertheless has the disadvantage of requiring machining of its outer surface to provide said peripheral groove and to create said docking surface. This machining operation increases the manufacturing cost of the rivet while modifying its technical characteristics. Indeed, while the rivet is preformed by a cold stamping technique the realization of such a groove is implemented by machining which has the effect of breaking the metal fibers which can contribute to poor fatigue performance of the rivet. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Partant de cet état de fait, les demandeurs ont mené des recherches visant à diminuer le coût de fabrication de ces rivets tout en optimisant ses qualités techniques. Ces recherches ont abouti à la conception d'un procédé de fabrication de rivet particulièrement avantageux résolvant les problèmes de l'art antérieur.On the basis of this fact, the applicants have conducted research aimed at reducing the manufacturing cost of these rivets while optimizing its technical qualities. This research led to the design of a particularly advantageous rivet manufacturing process solving the problems of the prior art.
Ce procédé de fabrication d'un rivet est du type de celui comprenant par déformation du matériau d'un tronçon métallique sensiblement cylindrique, les opérations de préformation d'une tête fraisée à l'extrémité d'une tige et est remarquable en ce qu'il consiste à réaliser par déformation du matériau (frappe à froid) les opérations suivantes : - création d'une partie de diamètre inférieur à partir de l'extrémité libre,This method of manufacturing a rivet is of the type comprising, by deforming the material of a substantially cylindrical metal section, the pre-forming operations of a milled head at the end of a rod and is remarkable in that it consists in producing by deformation of the material (cold striking) the following operations: - creation of a part of smaller diameter from the free end,
- création d'une âme creuse sensiblement cylindrique pour former une partie tubulaire,creating a substantially cylindrical hollow core to form a tubular portion,
- préformation en tronc de cône de l'âme creuse, - préformation en tronc de cône de la surface externe de moindre diamètre.- preforming the hollow core in the truncated cone, - conical frustoconical preforming of the outer surface of smaller diameter.
En proposant un mode de réalisation ne nécessitant pas une opération d'usinage pour cette partie du rivet, les demandeurs ont conçu un procédé diminuant les coûts de fabrication du rivet. En outre, un tel procédé reste dans la continuité des opérations de frappe à froid participant à la fabrication du rivet et précédant les opérations de réalisation de la gorge et du tube.By proposing an embodiment that does not require a machining operation for this portion of the rivet, the applicants have devised a method that reduces the cost of manufacturing the rivet. In addition, such a method remains in the continuity of the cold stamping operations involved in the manufacture of the rivet and preceding the operations of making the groove and the tube.
Cette caractéristique est particulièrement avantageuse en ce qu'elle garantit le fibrage de la matière et améliore l'état métallurgique du rivet. Ce procédé permet en outre d'affiner la taille des grains.This characteristic is particularly advantageous in that it guarantees the fiberization of the material and improves the metallurgical state of the rivet. This method also makes it possible to refine the size of the grains.
Un effet technique non négligeable de ce procédé réside dans la pré-orientation des fibres du métal ce qui favorise la déformation du rivet lors de sa pose.A non-negligible technical effect of this method lies in the pre-orientation of the metal fibers which promotes the deformation of the rivet during its installation.
La fixation ou le rivet sont envisagés dans une pluralité de matériaux tels le titane, T40, le titane au colombium, acier, inox, etc..The fastener or the rivet are envisaged in a plurality of materials such as titanium, T40, titanium with columbium, steel, stainless steel, etc.
Le procédé est en outre remarquable en ce qu'il consiste à adoucir le matériau utilisé par traitement thermique. Les métaux durs utilisés subissent ainsi une opération d'adoucissement.The method is furthermore remarkable in that it consists in softening the material used by heat treatment. The hard metals used thus undergo a softening operation.
Selon une autre caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse, le procédé consiste à préformer d'une surface cylindrique la grande base du tronc de cône formé extérieurement. Ainsi, des surfaces d'accostage sont susceptibles d'être créées également par déformation plastique .According to another particularly advantageous characteristic, the method consists in preforming the large base of the externally formed frustum of a cylindrical surface. Thus, docking surfaces are likely to be created also by plastic deformation.
L'utilisation d'un tel procédé de réalisation a requis une modification de la géométrie de ce rivet. Selon une caractéristique particulièrement avantageuse, ce rivet est remarquable en ce qu'il est constitué d'au moins trois parties :The use of such an embodiment has required a modification of the geometry of this rivet. According to a particularly advantageous characteristic, this rivet is remarkable in that it consists of at least three parts:
- une tête tronconique liée par sa petite base à la tige,- a frustoconical head linked by its small base to the stem,
- une première partie cylindrique de tige de diamètre correspondant à la petite base de la tête,a first cylindrical portion of diameter rod corresponding to the small base of the head,
- une partie tronconique de tige dont la petite base de diamètre inférieur au diamètre, est liée à la première partie cylindrique et dont la grande base adopte le même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique. Selon une autre caractéristique, le rivet comporte une quatrième partie, à savoir une deuxième partie cylindrique de tige de même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique.- A frustoconical stem portion whose small base diameter smaller than the diameter is bonded to the first cylindrical portion and whose large base adopts the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion. According to another characteristic, the rivet comprises a fourth part, namely a second cylindrical portion of rod of the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion.
Bien entendu, l'invention concerne également le procédé consistant à suivre les opérations nécessaires pour réaliser un rivet tel que décrit ci-dessus.Of course, the invention also relates to the method of following the operations necessary to make a rivet as described above.
Les concepts fondamentaux de l'invention venant d'être exposés ci-dessus dans leur forme la plus élémentaire, d'autres détails et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit et en regard des dessins annexés, - A -The basic concepts of the invention having been explained above in their most elementary form, other details and characteristics will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows and with reference to the appended drawings. - AT -
donnant à titre d'exemple non limitatif, un mode de réalisation d'un procédé de fabrication de rivet et d'un rivet conformes à l'invention. BRÈVE DESCRIPTION DES DESSINS La figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un mode de réalisation d'un tronçon métallique correspondant à un rivet en cours de réalisation,giving by way of non-limiting example, an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a rivet and a rivet according to the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a metal section corresponding to a rivet in progress,
Les figures 2a, 2b, 2c illustrent les étapes de la déformation du tronçon métallique de la figure 1 à des fins de réalisation d'un mode de réalisation d'un rivet conforme à l'invention,FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c illustrate the steps of the deformation of the metal section of FIG. 1 for the purpose of carrying out an embodiment of a rivet according to the invention,
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe d'un mode de réalisation d'un rivet conforme à l'invention,FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an embodiment of a rivet according to the invention,
Les figures 4a, 4b et 4c, illustrent les étapes de la pose du rivet de l'invention.Figures 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate the steps of the installation of the rivet of the invention.
DESCRIPTION DES MODES DE RÉALISATION PRÉFÉRÉSDESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Tel qu'illustré sur le dessin de la figure 1, le procédé de l'invention est du type de celui comprenant préalablement la réalisation par déformation plastique du matériau c'est à dire par forgeage à partir d'un tronçon métallique sensiblement cylindrique, la préformation d'une tête fraisée 100 à l'extrémité d'une tige 200 apparaissant en traits interrompus courts.As illustrated in the drawing of FIG. 1, the method of the invention is of the type of the one comprising beforehand the realization by plastic deformation of the material, that is to say by forging from a substantially cylindrical metallic section, the preforming a milled head 100 at the end of a rod 200 appearing in short broken lines.
Le procédé de l'invention est remarquable en ce qu'il consiste toujours par déformation du matériau (frappe à froid) à créer une partie 210 de tige de diamètre inférieur à partir de l'extrémité libre.The method of the invention is remarkable in that it always consists of deformation of the material (cold stamping) to create a part 210 of rod of smaller diameter from the free end.
En outre, le procédé assure la création d'une âme creuse 220 sensiblement cylindrique pour former une partie tubulaire. La pièce P obtenue est celle illustrée en traits forts sur le dessin de la figure 1.In addition, the method ensures the creation of a substantially cylindrical hollow core 220 to form a tubular portion. The piece P obtained is that illustrated in strong lines in the drawing of FIG.
Cette pièce P est placée dans une matrice M qui associée à un "poinçon" assure les opérations suivantes : - préformation en tronc de cône de l'âme creuse, - préformation en tronc de cône de la surface externe de moindre diamètre. Cette matrice M comporte un logement cylindrique dont une extrémité est fraisée pour que la tête de la pièce P puisse s'y loger. Une fois en place la pièce P est maintenue en position et un poinçon 0 à extrémité conique vient pénétrer dans l'âme creuse 220 comme illustré par la figure 2b. Dans ce mouvement, les bords du tube formant cette extrémité de la pièce P s'écartent pour reprendre la forme conique du poinçon jusqu'à ce que la surface extérieure dudit tube vienne en contact avec la surface du logement de la matrice M comme illustré en figure 2c. La surface extérieure prend également, la forme d'un tronc de cône. Le mouvement est poursuivi jusqu'à ce qu'une surface cylindrique d'accostage à l'extrémité de la surface extérieure de la tige soit créée. Le rivet R ainsi obtenu est illustré par le dessin de la figure 3. Il comprend une tête fraisée 100' et une tige 200' composée d'une partie pleine 210' située sous la tête préformée 100' et d'une partie semi tubulaire 220' située à l'opposé de la tête. Comme illustrée la partie semi tubulaire 220' est dotée d'un trou axial 221' de forme conique s 'évasant vers l'extrémité opposée à la tête préformée et débouchant à cette extrémité. L'angle α de conicité est compris entre 10 et 30 degrés. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'angle α est égal à 20 degrés.This piece P is placed in a matrix M which associated with a "punch" ensures the following operations: - preforming conical frustum of the hollow core, - preforming conical frustum of the outer surface of smaller diameter. This matrix M comprises a cylindrical housing whose end is milled so that the head of the piece P can be housed there. Once in place the piece P is held in position and a punch 0 conical end penetrates into the hollow core 220 as shown in Figure 2b. In this movement, the edges of the tube forming this end of the piece P deviate to take the conical shape of the punch until the outer surface of said tube comes into contact with the surface of the housing of the matrix M as illustrated in FIG. Figure 2c. The outer surface also takes the form of a truncated cone. Movement is continued until a cylindrical docking surface at the end of the outer surface of the rod is created. The rivet R thus obtained is illustrated by the drawing of FIG. 3. It comprises a countersunk head 100 'and a rod 200' composed of a solid part 210 'situated under the preformed head 100' and a semi-tubular part 220 'located opposite the head. As illustrated, the semi-tubular portion 220 'is provided with a conically shaped axial hole 221' flaring towards the end opposite the preformed head and opening at this end. The angle α of taper is between 10 and 30 degrees. According to a preferred embodiment, the angle α is equal to 20 degrees.
Comme illustré, le fond 222' du trou adopte la forme d'une calotte sphérique et le trou 221' s'étend sur un peu plus de la moitié de la longueur de la tige 200'.As illustrated, the bottom 222 'of the hole adopts the shape of a spherical cap and the hole 221' extends over a little more than half the length of the rod 200 '.
Au niveau de la partie tubulaire 220', la surface externe de la tige adopte une forme tronconique 223' dont l'angle β est compris entre 10 et 30 degrés. Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, l'angle est égal à 20 degrés. Ainsi, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la tige 200' est préformée intérieurement et extérieurement au niveau de sa partie tubulaire selon un même angle de cône. Le sommet 224' du tronc de cône 223' prend naissance sous la partie pleine de tige 210' et adopte un diamètre inférieur à ladite tige. La base 225' du cône vient elle reprendre le diamètre de ladite partie pleine 210' de tige.At the level of the tubular portion 220 ', the outer surface of the rod adopts a frustoconical shape 223' whose angle β is between 10 and 30 degrees. According to a preferred embodiment, the angle is equal to 20 degrees. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the rod 200 'is preformed internally and externally at its tubular portion at a same cone angle. The top 224 'of the truncated cone 223' is born under the full portion of rod 210 'and adopts a diameter smaller than said rod. The base 225 'of the cone comes to take the diameter of said solid portion 210' of rod.
La correspondance entre le sommet 224' du cône extérieur avec celui 222' du cône intérieur 221' permet de créer une zone de matière de moindre épaisseur prédisposée à la déformation nécessaire pour la pose. Elle permet en outre de former un volume en retrait évitant que la déformation de la partie tubulaire du rivet ait pour conséquence, un appui sur les surfaces non prévues à cet effet de la pièce à fixer. La présence de ce volume en retrait permet en outre d'assembler des épaisseurs de matériau variable.The correspondence between the top 224 'of the outer cone with that 222' of the inner cone 221 'creates a zone of material of less thickness predisposed to the deformation necessary for laying. It also makes it possible to form a recessed volume avoiding that the deformation of the tubular part of the rivet results in a bearing on the surfaces not provided for this purpose of the part to be fixed. The presence of this recessed volume also makes it possible to assemble thicknesses of variable material.
En fait, le mode de réalisation illustré de rivet présente extérieurement quatre parties principales :In fact, the illustrated embodiment of rivet externally has four main parts:
- une tête tronconique A liée par sa petite base à la tige,a frustoconical head A linked by its small base to the stem,
- une première partie cylindrique B de tige de diamètre correspondant à la petite base de la tête, - une partie tronconique C de tige dont la petite base est liée à la première partie cylindrique et dont la grande base adopte le même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique ,a first cylindrical portion B of diameter rod corresponding to the small base of the head; a frustoconical portion C of a shank whose small base is connected to the first cylindrical part and whose large base adopts the same diameter as the first part; cylindrical,
- une deuxième partie cylindrique D de tige de même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique B.a second cylindrical portion D of rod of the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion B.
Cette deuxième partie n'est pas obligatoire et un mode de réalisation non illustré du rivet R est en trois partie sans partie cylindrique finale.This second part is not mandatory and a non-illustrated embodiment of the rivet R is in three parts without a final cylindrical portion.
Cette figure 3 illustre également l'orientation des fibres du métal. Il apparaît clairement que l'utilisation d'un procédé de forgeage pour l'ensemble des opérations de réalisation du rivet R permet d'obtenir un rivet dont les fibres ne sont pas endommagées et sont pré-orientées pour la déformation nécessaire à la pose dudit rivet R. Selon une caractéristique non illustrée, l'épaisseur du tube est constante de l'extrémité liée à la partie pleine à l'extrémité ouverte de la tige.This figure 3 also illustrates the orientation of the fibers of the metal. It is clear that the use of a forging process for all operations of realization of the rivet R makes it possible to obtain a rivet whose fibers are not damaged and are pre-oriented for the deformation necessary for the laying of said rivet R. According to a feature not shown, the thickness of the tube is constant from the end connected to the part full at the open end of the stem.
Les figures 4a, 4b et 4c illustrent la pose du rivet de l'invention.Figures 4a, 4b and 4c illustrate the installation of the rivet of the invention.
Cette pose est réalisée à des fins de fixation de deux pièces 300 et 400 de matériau composite. Ces piècesThis installation is performed for the purpose of fixing two parts 300 and 400 of composite material. These parts
300 et 400 sont percées d'un trou 500 dont l'alésage correspond au diamètre externe de la tige de rivet avec un faible jeu, des fraisures coniques identiques 510 et 520 sont réalisées sur les deux cotés des pièces 300 et 400 correspondant aux extrémités débouchantes du trou 500.300 and 400 are pierced with a hole 500 whose bore corresponds to the external diameter of the rivet rod with a small clearance, identical conical countersinks 510 and 520 are made on both sides of the parts 300 and 400 corresponding to the open ends 500 hole.
Le rivetage s'effectue au moyen de deux bouterolles 600 et 700 telles que schématiquement représentées sur ces figures 4a, 4b et 4c, l'une 600 jouant le rôle de contre appui du côté de la tête l'autre 700 étant soumise à une pression pour former la seconde tête et réaliser le rivetage.The riveting is effected by means of two bouterolles 600 and 700 as schematically represented in these figures 4a, 4b and 4c, the one 600 acting as a support against the side of the head the other 700 being subjected to pressure to form the second head and perform the riveting.
Comme illustré sur le dessin de la figure 4b, le rivet R se déforme d'abord sans accostage puis la surface correspondant à l'extrémité du rivet R ou la surface d'accostage vient s'appliquer sur la fraisure 520 comme illustré sur le dessin de la figure 4c. Comme illustré et conformément aux caractéristiques recherchées pour un tel rivet, la présence d'une forme en retrait sur la surface extérieure du rivet entraîne un pliage de son extrémité sans contact avec l'arête de liaison entre la fraisure 520 et le trou 500.As illustrated in the drawing of Figure 4b, the rivet R deforms first without docking then the surface corresponding to the end of the rivet R or the docking surface is applied on the countersink 520 as shown in the drawing. of Figure 4c. As illustrated and in accordance with the desired characteristics for such a rivet, the presence of a recessed shape on the outer surface of the rivet causes a folding of its end without contact with the connecting edge between the countersink 520 and the hole 500.
On comprend que le procédé et le rivet, qui viennent d'être ci-dessus décrits et représentés, l'ont été en vue d'une divulgation plutôt que d'une limitation. Bien entendu, divers aménagements, modifications et améliorations pourront être apportés à l'exemple ci- dessus, sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention. It is understood that the method and rivet, which have just been described and shown above, have been for disclosure rather than limitation. Of course, various arrangements, modifications and improvements may be made to the example above, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de fabrication d'un rivet (R) du type de celui comprenant par déformation du matériau d'un tronçon métallique sensiblement cylindrique, les opérations de préformation d'une tête fraisée (100) à l'extrémité d'une tige (200), CARACTÉRISÉ EN CE QU'il consiste à réaliser par déformation du matériau (frappe à froid) les opérations suivantes : création d'une partie de diamètre inférieur (210) à partir de l'extrémité libre,1. A method of manufacturing a rivet (R) of the type comprising the deformation of the material of a substantially cylindrical metal section, the pre-forming operations of a countersunk head (100) at the end of a rod ( 200), CHARACTERIZED IN THAT it consists in producing by deformation of the material (cold stamping) the following operations: creation of a part of smaller diameter (210) from the free end,
- création d'une âme creuse (220) sensiblement cylindrique pour former une partie tubulaire,creating a substantially cylindrical hollow core (220) to form a tubular portion,
- préformation en tronc de cône de l'âme creuse (220),pre-formation in the truncated cone of the hollow core (220),
- préformation en tronc de cône de la surface externe de moindre diamètre.- truncated cone preforming of the outer surface of smaller diameter.
2. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, CARACTÉRISÉ EN CE QU'il consiste à adoucir le matériau utilisé par traitement thermique.2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN that it consists in softening the material used by heat treatment.
3. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, CARACTÉRISÉ EN CE QU'il consiste à préformer d'une surface cylindrique, la grande base du tronc de cône formé extérieurement .3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN that it consists in preforming a cylindrical surface, the large base of the truncated cone formed externally.
4. Rivet (R) obtenu selon le procédé selon la revendication 1, CARACTÉRISÉ PAR LE FAIT QUE la tige (200') est préformée intérieurement et extérieurement au niveau de sa partie tubulaire selon un même angle de cône.4. Rivet (R) obtained according to the method according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the rod (200 ') is preformed internally and externally at its tubular portion at the same cone angle.
5. Rivet (R) obtenu selon le procédé selon la revendication 1, CARACTÉRISÉ PAR LE FAIT QUE l'épaisseur du tube est constante de l'extrémité liée à la partie pleine (210') à l'extrémité ouverte de la tige (220').5. Rivet (R) obtained according to the process according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT the thickness of the tube is constant from the end connected to the solid part (210 ') to the open end of the rod (220 ').
6. Rivet (R) selon la revendication 4 et/ou 5, CARACTÉRISÉ PAR LE FAIT QU'il est constitué d'au moins trois parties :6. rivet (R) according to claim 4 and / or 5, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it consists of at least three parts:
- une tête tronconique (A) liée par sa petite base à la tige (200'),a frustoconical head (A) linked by its small base to the rod (200 '),
- une première partie cylindrique (B) de tige de diamètre correspondant à la petite base de la tête,a first cylindrical portion (B) of diameter rod corresponding to the small base of the head,
- une partie tronconique (C) de tige dont la petite base de diamètre inférieur au diamètre est liée à la première partie cylindrique et dont la grande base adopte le même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique.- A frustoconical portion (C) of rod whose small base of diameter less than the diameter is connected to the first cylindrical portion and whose large base adopts the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion.
7. Rivet (R) selon la revendication 6, CARACTÉRISÉ PAR LE FAIT QU 'il comporte une deuxième partie cylindrique (D) de tige de même diamètre que la première partie cylindrique (B). 7. Rivet (R) according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT it comprises a second cylindrical portion (D) rod of the same diameter as the first cylindrical portion (B).
EP08788038A 2007-04-12 2008-03-25 Method for making a rivet and rivet obtained by said method Withdrawn EP2131975A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0754407A FR2914966B1 (en) 2007-04-12 2007-04-12 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING RIVET AND RIVET OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS
PCT/FR2008/050511 WO2008142311A1 (en) 2007-04-12 2008-03-25 Method for making a rivet and rivet obtained by said method

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EP2131975A1 true EP2131975A1 (en) 2009-12-16

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EP (1) EP2131975A1 (en)
CN (1) CN101652203B (en)
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CA (1) CA2679341A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2914966B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2008142311A1 (en)

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CN101652203A (en) 2010-02-17
CA2679341A1 (en) 2008-11-27
CN101652203B (en) 2013-07-03
FR2914966A1 (en) 2008-10-17
US8544506B2 (en) 2013-10-01
US20100119330A1 (en) 2010-05-13
FR2914966B1 (en) 2010-09-10
WO2008142311A1 (en) 2008-11-27

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