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EP2175689A1 - Method and installation for cleaning metal components - Google Patents

Method and installation for cleaning metal components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2175689A1
EP2175689A1 EP07447063A EP07447063A EP2175689A1 EP 2175689 A1 EP2175689 A1 EP 2175689A1 EP 07447063 A EP07447063 A EP 07447063A EP 07447063 A EP07447063 A EP 07447063A EP 2175689 A1 EP2175689 A1 EP 2175689A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
temperature
carriage
metal part
installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07447063A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Hacourt
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP07447063A priority Critical patent/EP2175689A1/en
Publication of EP2175689A1 publication Critical patent/EP2175689A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2213/00—Aspects relating both to resistive heating and to induction heating, covered by H05B3/00 and H05B6/00
    • H05B2213/07—Heating plates with temperature control means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning metal parts whose surface is contaminated with an organic material. It relates more particularly to the cleaning of dies, screws and sleeves of extruders contaminated by deposits of polymeric material.
  • Extrusion is a well-known implementation technique of various materials, especially thermoplastic materials. It is based on the rotation of a worm, commonly called Archimedean screw, placed in a sheath.
  • Archimedean screw placed in a sheath.
  • the sheath is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the polymer to be extruded.
  • the polymer located between the screw and the sleeve is heated and softened by conduction with the sleeve and also following the shear caused by the relative movement of the screw and the sheath.
  • the softened polymer adheres to the inner surface of the sheath.
  • the rotation of the screw therefore causes a thrust on the polymer which puts it under pressure which allows its passage through the tooling implementation, such as a die, for example.
  • the aim of the invention is to provide a process for cleaning metal parts contaminated with organic materials, in particular extruder screws contaminated with polymers, which is faster and easier to implement and reduces the risk of deformation of the treated parts. .
  • the invention relates to a method for pyrolytically removing organic substances contaminating the surface of a metal part by which a coil generating a high frequency electromagnetic field is displaced relative to the metal part so as to cause induction heating. of the contaminated surface.
  • the high frequency electromagnetic field generated in the vicinity of the workpiece causes the appearance of induced currents. Following the film effect, these currents are concentrated on a thin surface layer of the workpiece. This layer is thinner as the frequency of the electromagnetic field is high. It is recommended that the frequency of the electromagnetic field be between 1 kHz, preferably 10 kHz and 1000 kHz, more preferably between 100 and 500 kHz. Dissipation induced currents cause the desired heating for pyrolysis. It is therefore not necessary to heat the entire thickness of the room. This results in a saving of time and a reduction of the risk of deformation of the workpiece.
  • the coil generating the electromagnetic field is displaced relative to the metal part during the process.
  • the coil has dimensions reduced compared to the workpiece.
  • the volume of its outer envelope (the smallest volume that contains it) is at least 5 times, preferably 10 times, more preferably 20 times smaller than the external volume of the workpiece.
  • the coil also has a structure adapted to the shape of the metal part to be cleaned, so as to generate the most appropriate electromagnetic fields. These characteristics make it possible to generate fields in a very local and precise manner, which improves the quality of the cleaning obtained.
  • Organic substances can be decomposed by pyrolysis by means of the process according to the invention.
  • the process according to the invention is particularly useful when the organic substances comprise one or more polymers.
  • Polymers which can advantageously be treated by the process according to the invention are, for example: polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides, fluorinated polymers, graft polymers, etc.
  • the temperature at which the surface of the workpiece is to be heated depends on the organic material and in particular its decomposition temperature by pyrolysis. It is desirable that the temperature and duration of the heating be sufficient to achieve complete decomposition, so that residues can be removed by simple brushing. It is generally recommended that this temperature is at least 400 ° C., preferably 450 ° C., more preferably 500 ° C.
  • the decomposition by pyrolysis of organic materials can generate gaseous emissions that are toxic for the environment.
  • the fumes generated by the pyrolysis are aspirated and treated before emitting them into the atmosphere.
  • the temperature of the part subjected to the electromagnetic field is measured and the magnitude of said field and / or the speed of the displacement of the coil, in function of the measured temperature.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to the cleaning of metal parts of various shapes, provided that the shape of the coil producing the electromagnetic field, which is displaced relative to the metal part, has a suitable shape.
  • the metal part is an extrusion die.
  • the coil be of sufficiently small dimensions to be introduced into the die.
  • the coil will be thin and flat, for dies producing films and plates, or filiform, for dies producing son or profiles.
  • the metal part to be cleaned is elongate and substantially cylindrical.
  • the metal part to be cleaned is elongate and substantially cylindrical.
  • the smallest cylinder that can hold it has a length of at least 5 times, preferably 10 times, more preferably 20 times its equivalent diameter.
  • the displacement of the coil, also cylindrical is particularly easily along the part to be cleaned. Depending on whether the latter is concave or convex, the coil will enter the room or surround it.
  • the metal part is an extruder sheath.
  • the coil is advantageously compact and structured so that the electromagnetic fields it generates are maximum on its outer perimeter. The coil is then introduced into the sheath and moved along its axis.
  • the part comprises at least one extruder screw.
  • the coil is cylindrical so as to surround the screw or screws.
  • the coil is structured so that the electromagnetic fields it generates are maximum on its inner perimeter, close to the outer surface of the screw to be treated.
  • the method according to the invention allows a fast and efficient cleaning of contaminated metal parts, which reduces their downtime and therefore the cost of cleaning.
  • the carriage carries an optical pyrometer which is directed towards the center of the coil and which is connected to a device for regulating the speed of movement of the carriage.
  • the function of the pyrometer is to measure the temperature of the part in the vicinity of the coil and to control the regulating device so as to continuously adjust the forward speed of the coil to achieve on the surface of the treated part an optimum pyrolysis temperature, without overheating.
  • the optical pyrometer is advantageously an infrared pyrometer.
  • the carriage carries, further downstream of the coil, at least one brush intended to act on the part, when it is on the frame.
  • the term "downstream" is considered in relation to the direction of movement of the carriage during the implementation of the method.
  • the brush is intended to act on the surface of the part to remove the residues from the pyrolysis. Brushing is recommended before complete solidification of the residues.
  • the carriage also carries a camera which controls an angular positioner of the coil, via a regulating device.
  • This embodiment of the installation according to the invention makes it possible to optimize at any moment the orientation of the coil according to the geometric profile of the treated metal part.
  • the two screws of a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder were simultaneously cleaned by moving a spool 5 placed around the screws parallel to the direction of the length of the screws.
  • the screw surface was contaminated with polymeric deposits including polyethylene.
  • the coil was powered by a high frequency generator 2 via power cables whose length was optimized to have the best impedance matching between the transmitter (coil) and the receiver (screw), which increases the fraction of energy produced by the generator actually transmitted to the treated part.
  • the coil 5 has been surrounded by an enclosure 1 for confining the gases emitted during the pyrolysis. These fumes were sucked into a pipe 3, for their treatment and evacuation. At the end of the pyrolysis, the decomposed polymeric deposits were easily brushed by means of a wire brush 4.
  • the installation schematized at figure 2 is specially designed for cleaning, by pyrolysis, a variable pitch extrusion screw 7, of the type commonly used for the extrusion of plastics.
  • the installation comprises a frame 6 for supporting the extrusion screw 7 horizontally.
  • the frame 6 further carries a carriage 8, movable horizontally facing the screw 7.
  • the carriage 8 is moved by rotation of an Archimedean screw 9 coupled to an electric motor 12 and cooperating with a pinion (not shown ) of the carriage 8.
  • the carriage 8 carries an induction coil 5 electrically coupled to the high frequency generator 2.
  • the coil 5 is disposed on the carriage 8, so that it passes through the extrusion screw 7. It comprises for example three turns substantially contiguous. The number of turns of the coil 5 is however not critical for the definition of the invention.
  • the carriage 8 also carries a pair of rotating metal brushes 4. These are arranged downstream of the coil 5, with respect to the direction of travel of the carriage 8 during the treatment of the extrusion screw 7.
  • the two brushes 4 have the function of eliminating the organic residues resulting from the pyrolysis of the extrusion screw 7.
  • the carriage 8 also carries an infrared pyrometer 10 which is oriented towards the surface of the screw 7, so as to be constantly focused on an area of the screw 7, which is circumscribed by the turns of the coil 5.
  • the pyrometer 10 is connected to a regulating device 13, connected to the motor 12.
  • the regulating device 13 regulates the rotational speed of the motor 12 (and consequently the speed of displacement of the coil 5 along the extrusion screw 7) in response to a received signal from the pyrometer 10.
  • the regulating device can also adjust the speed rotation of the motor 14 for driving the brushes 4.
  • the installation of the figure 2 further comprises a camera 15 whose function is to measure the angle of the thread of the screw 7 in the area thereof, which is circumscribed by the coil 5.
  • the camera 15 controls, through the control device 13, an angular positioner 16 so as to orient the turns of the coil 5 substantially parallel to the thread of the screw 7.
  • This embodiment of the invention is specially adapted to the treatment of variable pitch screws.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves displacing an induction coil (5) generating high frequency electromagnetic field with respect to a metallic piece so as to cause inductive heating of a contaminated surface at a temperature of 400 degrees Celsius. Temperature of the metallic piece subjected to the electromagnetic field is measured using an optical pyrometer during displacement of the coil. Scale of the field and/or displacement speed of the coil are adjusted based on the measured temperature. An independent claim is also included for an installation for removing organic substances contaminating a surface of a metallic piece.

Description

Domaine de l'inventionField of the invention

L'invention concerne un procédé de nettoyage de pièces métalliques dont la surface est contaminée par une matière organique. Elle concerne plus particulièrement le nettoyage de filières, vis et fourreaux d'extrudeuses contaminées par des dépôts de matière polymérique.The invention relates to a method for cleaning metal parts whose surface is contaminated with an organic material. It relates more particularly to the cleaning of dies, screws and sleeves of extruders contaminated by deposits of polymeric material.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

L'extrusion est une technique de mise en oeuvre bien connue de divers matériaux, en particulier de matériaux thermoplastiques. Elle est basée sur la rotation d'une vis sans fin, appelée communément vis d'Archimède, placée dans un fourreau. Dans le cas de l'extrusion de polymères thermoplastiques, le fourreau est chauffé à une température supérieure à la température de ramollissement du polymère à extruder. Le polymère situé entre la vis et le fourreau est chauffé et ramolli par conduction avec le fourreau et également suite au cisaillement provoqué par le mouvement relatif de la vis et du fourreau. Le polymère ramolli adhère à la surface intérieure du fourreau. La rotation de la vis provoque dès lors une poussée sur le polymère qui le met sous pression ce qui permet son passage au travers de l'outillage de mise en oeuvre, tel qu'une filière, par exemple.Extrusion is a well-known implementation technique of various materials, especially thermoplastic materials. It is based on the rotation of a worm, commonly called Archimedean screw, placed in a sheath. In the case of the extrusion of thermoplastic polymers, the sheath is heated to a temperature above the softening temperature of the polymer to be extruded. The polymer located between the screw and the sleeve is heated and softened by conduction with the sleeve and also following the shear caused by the relative movement of the screw and the sheath. The softened polymer adheres to the inner surface of the sheath. The rotation of the screw therefore causes a thrust on the polymer which puts it under pressure which allows its passage through the tooling implementation, such as a die, for example.

Après un certain temps de fonctionnement ou lorsqu'on change le polymère extrudé, il est nécessaire de nettoyer les vis d'extrudeuses, afin de retirer les dépôts de polymère qui y adhèrent.After a certain period of operation or when changing the extruded polymer, it is necessary to clean the extruder screws in order to remove the adhering polymer deposits.

Il est connu de soumettre ces dépôts de polymère à une pyrolyse, par exemple en les chauffant au moyen d'une flamme. La pyrolyse dégrade les dépôts, qui peuvent alors être retirés aisément par brossage.It is known to subject these polymer deposits to pyrolysis, for example by heating them with a flame. Pyrolysis degrades the deposits, which can then be easily removed by brushing.

Pour chauffer les vis, il est nécessaire de les démonter et les manipuler. Cette opération est difficile et pénible, les vis de grandes extrudeuses industrielles pouvant posséder une longueur de plusieurs mètres et un poids atteignant plusieurs centaines de kilos. De plus la production doit être interrompue pendant une longue durée, notamment suite au refroidissement lent des vis. De plus, le chauffage, en particulier le chauffage à la flamme qui est le plus courant provoque souvent des déformations indésirables des vis traitées.To heat the screws, it is necessary to disassemble and handle them. This operation is difficult and painful, the screws of large industrial extruders can have a length of several meters and a weight of several hundred kilos. In addition production must be interrupted for a long time, especially following the slow cooling of the screws. In addition, heating, particularly flame heating, which is the most common often causes undesirable deformations of treated screws.

Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention

L'invention vise à fournir un procédé de nettoyage de pièces métalliques contaminées par des matières organiques, en particulier de vis d'extrudeuses contaminées par des polymères, qui soit plus rapide et aisé à mettre en oeuvre et réduise les risques de déformations des pièces traitées.The aim of the invention is to provide a process for cleaning metal parts contaminated with organic materials, in particular extruder screws contaminated with polymers, which is faster and easier to implement and reduces the risk of deformation of the treated parts. .

En conséquence, l'invention concerne un procédé pour éliminer par pyrolyse des substances organiques contaminant la surface d'une pièce métallique selon lequel une bobine générant un champ électromagnétique à haute fréquence est déplacée relativement à la pièce métallique de manière à provoquer le chauffage par induction de la surface contaminée.Accordingly, the invention relates to a method for pyrolytically removing organic substances contaminating the surface of a metal part by which a coil generating a high frequency electromagnetic field is displaced relative to the metal part so as to cause induction heating. of the contaminated surface.

Dans le procédé selon l'invention, le champ électromagnétique à haute fréquence généré au voisinage de la pièce à traiter y provoque l'apparition de courants induits. Suite à l'effet pelliculaire, ces courants sont concentrés sur une couche mince superficielle de la pièce à traiter. Cette couche est d'autant plus mince que la fréquence du champ électromagnétique est élevée. On recommande que la fréquence du champ électromagnétique soit comprise entre 1khz, de préférence 10kHz et 1000 kHz, plus préférentiellement entre 100 et 500 kHz. La dissipation des courants induits provoque l'échauffement recherché pour la pyrolyse. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de chauffer l'entièreté de l'épaisseur de la pièce. Il en résulte un gain de temps et une réduction du risque de déformation de la pièce à traiter.In the method according to the invention, the high frequency electromagnetic field generated in the vicinity of the workpiece causes the appearance of induced currents. Following the film effect, these currents are concentrated on a thin surface layer of the workpiece. This layer is thinner as the frequency of the electromagnetic field is high. It is recommended that the frequency of the electromagnetic field be between 1 kHz, preferably 10 kHz and 1000 kHz, more preferably between 100 and 500 kHz. Dissipation induced currents cause the desired heating for pyrolysis. It is therefore not necessary to heat the entire thickness of the room. This results in a saving of time and a reduction of the risk of deformation of the workpiece.

Selon l'invention, la bobine générant le champ électromagnétique est déplacée relativement à la pièce métallique pendant le procédé. La bobine possède des dimensions réduites par rapport à la pièce à traiter. Avantageusement, le volume de son enveloppe externe (le plus petit volume qui la contient) est au moins 5 fois, de préférence 10 fois, plus préférentiellement 20 fois plus petit que le volume extérieur de la pièce à traiter. La bobine possède également une structure adaptée à la forme de la pièce métallique à nettoyer, de manière à générer les champs électromagnétiques les plus appropriés. Ces caractéristiques permettent de générer des champs de manière très locale et précise, ce qui améliore la qualité du nettoyage obtenu.According to the invention, the coil generating the electromagnetic field is displaced relative to the metal part during the process. The coil has dimensions reduced compared to the workpiece. Advantageously, the volume of its outer envelope (the smallest volume that contains it) is at least 5 times, preferably 10 times, more preferably 20 times smaller than the external volume of the workpiece. The coil also has a structure adapted to the shape of the metal part to be cleaned, so as to generate the most appropriate electromagnetic fields. These characteristics make it possible to generate fields in a very local and precise manner, which improves the quality of the cleaning obtained.

De nombreuses substances organiques peuvent être décomposées par pyrolyse au moyen du procédé selon l'invention. Toutefois, le procédé selon l'invention est particulièrement utile lorsque les substances organiques comprennent un ou plusieurs polymères. Des polymères qui peuvent être avantageusement traités par le procédé selon l'invention sont par exemple: le polychlorure de vinyle, les polyoléfines telles que le polyéthylène, le polypropylène, les polyamides, les polymères fluorés, les polymères greffés,...Many organic substances can be decomposed by pyrolysis by means of the process according to the invention. However, the process according to the invention is particularly useful when the organic substances comprise one or more polymers. Polymers which can advantageously be treated by the process according to the invention are, for example: polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamides, fluorinated polymers, graft polymers, etc.

La température à laquelle la surface de la pièce à traiter doit être chauffée dépend de la matière organique et en particulier de sa température de décomposition par pyrolyse. Il est souhaitable que la température et la durée du chauffage soient suffisantes pour obtenir une décomposition complète, de manière à pouvoir éliminer les résidus par simple brossage. On recommande en général que cette température vaille au moins 400 °C, de préférence 450°C, plus préférentiellement 500°C.The temperature at which the surface of the workpiece is to be heated depends on the organic material and in particular its decomposition temperature by pyrolysis. It is desirable that the temperature and duration of the heating be sufficient to achieve complete decomposition, so that residues can be removed by simple brushing. It is generally recommended that this temperature is at least 400 ° C., preferably 450 ° C., more preferably 500 ° C.

Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la décomposition par pyrolyse de matières organique peut générer des émissions gazeuses toxiques pour l'environnement. Dans une variante recommandée du procédé selon l'invention, les fumées générées par la pyrolyse sont aspirées et traitées avant de les émettre dans l'atmosphère.In the process according to the invention, the decomposition by pyrolysis of organic materials can generate gaseous emissions that are toxic for the environment. In a recommended variant of the process according to the invention, the fumes generated by the pyrolysis are aspirated and treated before emitting them into the atmosphere.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée du procédé selon l'invention, pendant le déplacement de la bobine, on mesure la température de la pièce soumise au champs électromagnétique et on règle la grandeur dudit champs et/ou la vitesse du déplacement de la bobine, en fonction de la température mesurée. Cette forme de réalisation du procédé évite une surchauffe locale de la pièce et s'applique spécialement aux pièces de profil variable.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, during the displacement of the coil, the temperature of the part subjected to the electromagnetic field is measured and the magnitude of said field and / or the speed of the displacement of the coil, in function of the measured temperature. This embodiment of the method avoids local overheating of the workpiece and applies especially to parts of variable profile.

Le procédé selon l'invention peut être appliqué au nettoyage de pièces métalliques de formes diverses, pourvu que la forme de la bobine produisant le champ électromagnétique, qui est déplacée relativement à la pièce métallique, possède une forme adaptée.The method according to the invention can be applied to the cleaning of metal parts of various shapes, provided that the shape of the coil producing the electromagnetic field, which is displaced relative to the metal part, has a suitable shape.

Toutefois, dans une première variante avantageuse du procédé selon l'invention, la pièce métallique est une filière d'extrusion. Dans cette variante, on recommande que la bobine soit de dimensions suffisamment réduites pour pouvoir être introduite dans la filière. Selon les cas la bobine sera fine et aplatie, pour les filières produisant des films et plaques, ou filiforme, pour des filières produisant des fils ou profilés.However, in a first advantageous variant of the method according to the invention, the metal part is an extrusion die. In this variant, it is recommended that the coil be of sufficiently small dimensions to be introduced into the die. Depending on the case, the coil will be thin and flat, for dies producing films and plates, or filiform, for dies producing son or profiles.

Dans une seconde variante avantageuse, qui est préférée, la pièce métallique à nettoyer est allongée et sensiblement cylindrique. On entend par là une pièce telle que le plus petit cylindre qui puisse la contenir possède une longueur valant au moins 5 fois, de préférence 10 fois, plus préférentiellement 20 fois son diamètre équivalent. Dans cette variante, le déplacement de la bobine, également cylindrique, se fait particulièrement aisément le long de la pièce à nettoyer. Selon que cette dernière soit concave ou convexe, la bobine pénétrera dans la pièce ou l'entourera. Ainsi, dans un premier mode d'exécution de cette variante, la pièce métallique est un fourreau d'extrudeuse. Dans ce mode d'exécution, la bobine est avantageusement compacte et structurée de manière à ce que les champs électromagnétiques qu'elle génère soient maximum sur son périmètre extérieur. La bobine est alors introduite dans le fourreau et déplacée le long de son axe.In a second advantageous variant, which is preferred, the metal part to be cleaned is elongate and substantially cylindrical. By this is meant a piece such that the smallest cylinder that can hold it has a length of at least 5 times, preferably 10 times, more preferably 20 times its equivalent diameter. In this variant, the displacement of the coil, also cylindrical, is particularly easily along the part to be cleaned. Depending on whether the latter is concave or convex, the coil will enter the room or surround it. Thus, in a first embodiment of this variant, the metal part is an extruder sheath. In this embodiment, the coil is advantageously compact and structured so that the electromagnetic fields it generates are maximum on its outer perimeter. The coil is then introduced into the sheath and moved along its axis.

Dans un autre mode d'exécution de cette variante, la pièce comprend au moins une vis d'extrudeuse. Dans ce mode d'exécution la bobine est cylindrique de manière à entourer la ou les vis. La bobine est structurée de manière à ce que les champs électromagnétiques qu'elle génère soient maximum sur son périmètre intérieur, proche de la surface extérieure de la vis à traiter.In another embodiment of this variant, the part comprises at least one extruder screw. In this embodiment the coil is cylindrical so as to surround the screw or screws. The coil is structured so that the electromagnetic fields it generates are maximum on its inner perimeter, close to the outer surface of the screw to be treated.

Le procédé selon l'invention permet un nettoyage rapide et efficace des pièces métalliques contaminées, ce qui réduit leur temps d'immobilisation et par conséquent le coût du nettoyage.The method according to the invention allows a fast and efficient cleaning of contaminated metal parts, which reduces their downtime and therefore the cost of cleaning.

L'invention concerne également une installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention, ladite installation comprenant

  • Un bâti destiné à porter la pièce métallique ;
  • Un générateur de courant électrique à haute fréquence ;
  • Une bobine d'induction raccordée au générateur ; et
  • Un chariot portant la bobine, le chariot étant déplaçable en regard de la pièce métallique sur le bâti.
The invention also relates to an installation for implementing the method according to the invention, said installation comprising
  • A frame intended to carry the metal part;
  • A high frequency electric power generator;
  • An induction coil connected to the generator; and
  • A carriage carrying the coil, the carriage being movable opposite the metal part on the frame.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de l'installation selon l'invention, le chariot porte un pyromètre optique qui est dirigé vers le centre de la bobine et qui est raccordé à un dispositif de régulation de la vitesse de déplacement du chariot. Dans cette forme de réalisation de l'installation, le pyromètre a pour fonction de mesurer la température de la pièce au voisinage de la bobine et de piloter le dispositif de régulation de manière à régler en permanence la vitesse d'avancement de la bobine pour réaliser à la surface de la pièce traitée une température optimum de pyrolyse, sans surchauffe.In a preferred embodiment of the installation according to the invention, the carriage carries an optical pyrometer which is directed towards the center of the coil and which is connected to a device for regulating the speed of movement of the carriage. In this embodiment of the installation, the function of the pyrometer is to measure the temperature of the part in the vicinity of the coil and to control the regulating device so as to continuously adjust the forward speed of the coil to achieve on the surface of the treated part an optimum pyrolysis temperature, without overheating.

Dans l'installation selon l'invention, le pyromètre optique est avantageusement un pyromètre à infrarouge.In the installation according to the invention, the optical pyrometer is advantageously an infrared pyrometer.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'installation selon l'invention, le chariot porte en outre, en aval de la bobine, au moins une brosse destinée à agir sur la pièce, lorsque celle-ci est sur le bâti.
Dans le présent mémoire, le vocable « aval » est considéré par rapport au sens de déplacement du chariot pendant la mise en oeuvre du procédé.
Dans la forme de réalisation particulière précitée, la brosse est destinée à agir sur la surface de la pièce pour en éliminer les résidus de la pyrolyse. On recommande d'effectuer le brossage avant solidification complète des résidus.In a particular embodiment of the installation according to the invention, the carriage carries, further downstream of the coil, at least one brush intended to act on the part, when it is on the frame.
In this specification, the term "downstream" is considered in relation to the direction of movement of the carriage during the implementation of the method.
In the particular embodiment mentioned above, the brush is intended to act on the surface of the part to remove the residues from the pyrolysis. Brushing is recommended before complete solidification of the residues.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'installation selon l'invention, le chariot porte en outre une caméra qui commande un positionneur angulaire de la bobine, par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de régulation. Cette forme de réalisation de l'installation selon l'invention permet d'optimiser à tout instant l'orientation de la bobine en fonction du profil géométrique de la pièce métallique traitée.In another embodiment of the installation according to the invention, the carriage also carries a camera which controls an angular positioner of the coil, via a regulating device. This embodiment of the installation according to the invention makes it possible to optimize at any moment the orientation of the coil according to the geometric profile of the treated metal part.

Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures

Des particularités et détails de l'invention vont apparaître au cours de la description suivante des figures annexées, qui représentent quelques formes de réalisation particulières de l'invention.

  • La figure 1 schématise la mise en oeuvre d'une forme de réalisation particulière du procédé selon l'invention ; et
  • La figure 2 montre schématiquement une forme de réalisation préférée de l'installation selon l'invention.
Features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying figures, which show some particular embodiments of the invention.
  • The figure 1 schematizes the implementation of a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention; and
  • The figure 2 schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the installation according to the invention.

Généralement, les mêmes numéros de référence désignent les mêmes éléments.Generally, the same reference numbers designate the same elements.

Description détaillée de modes de réalisation particuliersDetailed description of particular embodiments

Dans le mode de réalisation schématisé à la figure 1, on a nettoyé simultanément les deux vis d'une extrudeuse double vis contrarotatives en déplaçant une bobine 5 placée autour des vis, parallèlement au sens de la longueur des vis. La surface des vis était contaminée par des dépôts polymériques comprenant du polyéthylène. La spire était alimentée par un générateur haute fréquence 2 via des câbles d'alimentation dont la longueur a été optimisée pour avoir la meilleure adaptation d'impédance entre l'émetteur (bobine) et le récepteur (vis), ce qui augmente la fraction d'énergie produite par le générateur effectivement transmise à la pièce traitée. La bobine 5 a été entourée d'une enceinte 1 pour confiner les gaz émis lors de la pyrolyse. Ces fumées ont été aspirées dans une conduite 3, en vue de leur traitement et évacuation. A la fin de la pyrolyse, les dépôts polymériques décomposés ont été brossés aisément au moyen d'une brosse métallique 4.In the embodiment schematized at the figure 1 the two screws of a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder were simultaneously cleaned by moving a spool 5 placed around the screws parallel to the direction of the length of the screws. The screw surface was contaminated with polymeric deposits including polyethylene. The coil was powered by a high frequency generator 2 via power cables whose length was optimized to have the best impedance matching between the transmitter (coil) and the receiver (screw), which increases the fraction of energy produced by the generator actually transmitted to the treated part. The coil 5 has been surrounded by an enclosure 1 for confining the gases emitted during the pyrolysis. These fumes were sucked into a pipe 3, for their treatment and evacuation. At the end of the pyrolysis, the decomposed polymeric deposits were easily brushed by means of a wire brush 4.

L'installation schématisée à la figure 2 est spécialement conçue pour le nettoyage, par pyrolyse, d'une vis d'extrusion 7 à pas variable, du type de celles qui sont communément utilisées pour l'extrusion des matières plastiques. A cet effet, l'installation comprend un bâti 6 destiné à supporter la vis d'extrusion 7 horizontalement. Le bâti 6 porte en outre un chariot 8, déplaçable horizontalement en regard de la vis 7. Le déplacement du chariot 8 est réalisé par rotation d'une vis d'Archimède 9 couplée à un moteur électrique 12 et coopérant avec un pignon (non représenté) du chariot 8. Le chariot 8 porte une bobine d'induction 5 couplée électriquement au générateur à haute fréquence 2. La bobine 5 est disposée sur le chariot 8, de manière qu'elle soit traversée par la vis d'extrusion 7. Elle comprend par exemple trois spires sensiblement accolées. Le nombre de spires de la bobine 5 n'est toutefois pas critique pour la définition de l'invention.The installation schematized at figure 2 is specially designed for cleaning, by pyrolysis, a variable pitch extrusion screw 7, of the type commonly used for the extrusion of plastics. For this purpose, the installation comprises a frame 6 for supporting the extrusion screw 7 horizontally. The frame 6 further carries a carriage 8, movable horizontally facing the screw 7. The carriage 8 is moved by rotation of an Archimedean screw 9 coupled to an electric motor 12 and cooperating with a pinion (not shown ) of the carriage 8. The carriage 8 carries an induction coil 5 electrically coupled to the high frequency generator 2. The coil 5 is disposed on the carriage 8, so that it passes through the extrusion screw 7. It comprises for example three turns substantially contiguous. The number of turns of the coil 5 is however not critical for the definition of the invention.

Le chariot 8 porte en outre une paire de brosses métalliques rotatives 4. Celles-ci sont disposées en aval de la bobine 5, par rapport au sens d'avancement du chariot 8 pendant le traitement de la vis d'extrusion 7. Les deux brosses 4 ont pour fonction d'éliminer les résidus organiques résultant de la pyrolyse de la vis d'extrusion 7.The carriage 8 also carries a pair of rotating metal brushes 4. These are arranged downstream of the coil 5, with respect to the direction of travel of the carriage 8 during the treatment of the extrusion screw 7. The two brushes 4 have the function of eliminating the organic residues resulting from the pyrolysis of the extrusion screw 7.

Le chariot 8 porte en outre un pyromètre à infrarouge 10 qui est orienté vers la surface de la vis 7, de manière à être constamment focalisé sur une zone de la vis 7, qui est circonscrite par les spires de la bobine 5. Le pyromètre 10 est raccordé à un dispositif de régulation 13, relié au moteur 12. Le dispositif de régulation 13 règle la vitesse de rotation du moteur 12 (et par voie de conséquence, la vitesse de déplacement de la bobine 5 le long de la vis d'extrusion 7) en réponse à un signal reçu du pyromètre 10. En variante, le dispositif de régulation peut également régler la vitesse de rotation du moteur 14 servant à entraîner les brosses 4.The carriage 8 also carries an infrared pyrometer 10 which is oriented towards the surface of the screw 7, so as to be constantly focused on an area of the screw 7, which is circumscribed by the turns of the coil 5. The pyrometer 10 is connected to a regulating device 13, connected to the motor 12. The regulating device 13 regulates the rotational speed of the motor 12 (and consequently the speed of displacement of the coil 5 along the extrusion screw 7) in response to a received signal from the pyrometer 10. Alternatively, the regulating device can also adjust the speed rotation of the motor 14 for driving the brushes 4.

Dans une forme de réalisation modifiée, l'installation de la figure 2 comprend en outre une caméra 15 dont la fonction consiste à mesurer l'angle du filet de la vis 7 dans la zone de celle-ci, qui est circonscrite par la bobine 5. La camera 15 commande, par l'intermédiaire du dispositif de régulation 13, un positionneur angulaire 16 en sorte d'orienter les spires de la bobine 5, sensiblement parallèlement au filet de la vis 7. Cette forme de réalisation de l'invention est spécialement adaptée au traitement de vis à pas variable.In a modified embodiment, the installation of the figure 2 further comprises a camera 15 whose function is to measure the angle of the thread of the screw 7 in the area thereof, which is circumscribed by the coil 5. The camera 15 controls, through the control device 13, an angular positioner 16 so as to orient the turns of the coil 5 substantially parallel to the thread of the screw 7. This embodiment of the invention is specially adapted to the treatment of variable pitch screws.

Claims (10)

Procédé pour éliminer par pyrolyse des substances organiques contaminant la surface d'une pièce métallique selon lequel une bobine générant un champ électromagnétique haute fréquence est déplacée relativement à la pièce métallique, de manière à provoquer le chauffage par induction de la surface contaminée.A method for pyrolytically removing organic substances contaminating the surface of a metal part by which a coil generating a high frequency electromagnetic field is displaced relative to the metal part, so as to induce induction heating of the contaminated surface. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe la surface contaminée à une température d'au moins 400°C.Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contaminated surface is heated to a temperature of at least 400 ° C. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on règle la fréquence du champ électromagnétique entre 1 et 1000 kHz.Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frequency of the electromagnetic field is set between 1 and 1000 kHz. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, pendant le déplacement de la bobine, on mesure la température de la pièce soumise au champs électromagnétique et on règle la grandeur dudit champs et/ou la vitesse du déplacement de la bobine, en fonction de la température mesurée.Process according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that , during the displacement of the coil, the temperature of the part subjected to the electromagnetic field is measured and the magnitude of said field and / or the speed of the displacement of the field are adjusted. the coil, depending on the measured temperature. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on mesure la température d'une zone de la pièce, où sont concentrés plus de 60 % (de préférence au moins 90 %) des courants induits par le champs magnétique.Process according to Claim 4, characterized in that the temperature of a zone of the room is measured, where more than 60% (preferably at least 90%) of the magnetic field currents are concentrated. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on mesure la température de la pièce au moyen d'un pyromètre optique.Process according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the temperature of the workpiece is measured by means of an optical pyrometer. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la pièce métallique cylindrique comprend au moins une vis d'extrudeuse, la bobine étant disposée de manière à entourer la vis.Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the cylindrical metal part comprises at least one extruder screw, the coil being arranged to surround the screw. Installation pour éliminer par pyrolyse des substances organiques contaminant la surface d'une pièce métallique, comprenant - Un bâti (6) destiné à porter la pièce métallique (7) ; - Un générateur de courant électrique à haute fréquence (2) ; - Une bobine d'induction (5) raccordée au générateur ; et - Un chariot (8) portant la bobine, le chariot étant déplaçable en regard de la pièce métallique sur le bâti. Installation for pyrolytically removing organic substances contaminating the surface of a metal part, comprising - A frame (6) for carrying the metal part (7); - a high frequency electric power generator (2); - An induction coil (5) connected to the generator; and - A carriage (8) carrying the coil, the carriage being movable opposite the metal part on the frame. Installation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le chariot (8) porte un pyromètre optique (10) qui est dirigé vers le centre de la bobine (5) et qui est raccordé à un dispositif (13) de régulation de la vitesse de déplacement du chariot (8).Installation according to Claim 8, characterized in that the carriage (8) carries an optical pyrometer (10) which is directed towards the center of the coil (5) and which is connected to a device (13) for regulating the speed of rotation. moving the carriage (8). Installation selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisée en ce que le chariot (8) porte en outre, en aval de la bobine (5), au moins une brosse (4) destinée à agir sur la pièce (7) sur le bâti (6).Installation according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the carriage (8) further carries, downstream of the coil (5), at least one brush (4) intended to act on the part (7) on the frame ( 6).
EP07447063A 2007-11-14 2007-11-14 Method and installation for cleaning metal components Withdrawn EP2175689A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07447063A EP2175689A1 (en) 2007-11-14 2007-11-14 Method and installation for cleaning metal components

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07447063A EP2175689A1 (en) 2007-11-14 2007-11-14 Method and installation for cleaning metal components

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102564638A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-07-11 天津市环欧半导体材料技术有限公司 Representation method for temperature distribution of induction heating coil

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE451329A (en) *
US2376514A (en) * 1937-01-21 1945-05-22 Budd Induction Heating Inc Heat-treating apparatus
GB828761A (en) * 1957-02-26 1960-02-24 Asea Ab Induction device for heating an axially symetrical hollow cylindrical work-piece
GB2192294A (en) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-06 Electricity Council Method of heating
US5738725A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-04-14 Fuseco., Inc. Cooling system for apparatus of coating an inside of a pipe or tube
EP1002580A2 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-24 Haldor Topsoe A/S Method for producing an object having a catalytically active surface layer
EP1280382A2 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Ken Kansa High-frequency induction heating device and device and method for pyrolyzing organic compounds using said heating device
FR2901450A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-23 Solvay PROCESS FOR CLEANING METALLIC PARTS

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE451329A (en) *
US2376514A (en) * 1937-01-21 1945-05-22 Budd Induction Heating Inc Heat-treating apparatus
GB828761A (en) * 1957-02-26 1960-02-24 Asea Ab Induction device for heating an axially symetrical hollow cylindrical work-piece
GB2192294A (en) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-06 Electricity Council Method of heating
US5738725A (en) * 1995-05-15 1998-04-14 Fuseco., Inc. Cooling system for apparatus of coating an inside of a pipe or tube
EP1002580A2 (en) * 1998-11-18 2000-05-24 Haldor Topsoe A/S Method for producing an object having a catalytically active surface layer
EP1280382A2 (en) * 2001-07-23 2003-01-29 Ken Kansa High-frequency induction heating device and device and method for pyrolyzing organic compounds using said heating device
FR2901450A1 (en) * 2006-05-17 2007-11-23 Solvay PROCESS FOR CLEANING METALLIC PARTS

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102564638A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-07-11 天津市环欧半导体材料技术有限公司 Representation method for temperature distribution of induction heating coil
CN102564638B (en) * 2011-12-06 2013-05-22 天津市环欧半导体材料技术有限公司 Representation method for temperature distribution of induction heating coil

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