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EP2029371B1 - Élément de sécurité transparent à réfraction - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité transparent à réfraction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2029371B1
EP2029371B1 EP07725470.4A EP07725470A EP2029371B1 EP 2029371 B1 EP2029371 B1 EP 2029371B1 EP 07725470 A EP07725470 A EP 07725470A EP 2029371 B1 EP2029371 B1 EP 2029371B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security element
see
elements
unit cells
micropattern
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP07725470.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2029371A2 (fr
Inventor
Marius Dichtl
Michael Rahm
Tina Clausnitzer
Thomas KÄMPFE
Ernst-Bernhard Kley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2029371A2 publication Critical patent/EP2029371A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2029371B1 publication Critical patent/EP2029371B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B42D2033/24—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractive see-through security element for security papers, value documents and the like having a transparent or at least translucent feature layer.
  • the invention further relates to a security arrangement, a security paper and a value document with such see-through security elements, methods for producing refractive see-through security elements and methods for checking the authenticity of see-through security elements.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, or other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • the security elements may be in the form of a security thread embedded in a banknote, a product packaging tearing thread, an applied security strip, a cover sheet for a banknote having a through opening or a self-supporting transfer element, such as a patch or label after its manufacture a value document is applied.
  • Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role, since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
  • the security elements are equipped with optically variable elements which give the viewer a different image impression at different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • security elements are often equipped with security features in the form of diffractive optical micro- or nanostructures, such as with embossed holograms or other hologram-like diffraction patterns.
  • diffractive optical structures for a see-through security element are approximately in the document WO 2004/057382 A1 described.
  • the optical effectiveness of holograms and hologram-like diffraction structures is based not least on the color splitting on incidence of polychromatic light on the diffraction structure.
  • the resulting play of colors has become so commonplace in recent years that its effect as an attractive security feature is already clearly waning.
  • the characteristic visual effect is often no longer perceived by the viewer as a security feature, but merely as a design variant, which reduces the usefulness of these security features for counterfeit protection.
  • the diffraction-optically generated image or color impressions can often be completely and sharply recognized only from certain viewing directions and under good lighting conditions.
  • the visibility of holographic motifs in low light conditions, such as diffuse lighting often severely limited.
  • the security elements that are used in transparent substrates include in particular so-called DOE (Diffractive Optical Element) structures.
  • DOE diffractive Optical Element
  • These diffractive structures embossed in transparent substrates are each designed for monochromatic coherent laser radiation of a predetermined wavelength. If they are irradiated with a laser of the appropriate wavelength, registered images can be displayed on a projection screen.
  • the projection of the inscribed image with optimum quality requires a light source that provides spatially coherent light of the design wavelength. If a monochromatic light source is used, the Wavelength differs from the design wavelength, the image will appear in a different size than the calculated size on the screen. At the same time, the efficiency decreases, so that a higher proportion of the incident light leaves the DOE structure undistorted. When using polychromatic light, undesirable, striking color fringes occur, which often make it impossible to recognize the inscribed image when white light is used. DOE structures are therefore hardly to use for a fast and reliable authenticity test on the road.
  • optically variable security element is from the document EP 1049 590 B1 which discloses a security having a transparent portion in which a diffractive optical projection member is provided.
  • the projection element causes a parallel light beam emanating from a preferably monochromatic light source passing through the transparent portion to be converted into a patterned beam of selected design.
  • the publication DE 10100 836 A1 discloses an optical element having a main region with a plurality of sub-regions, each comprising a diffractive structure, which in laser illumination reconstructs light in a characteristic direction for the respective sub-region and combines it into an information pattern.
  • the publication WO 2006/029745 A1 relates to a security document with a transparent window in which a first optical element is arranged and with a second transparent window in which a second optical element is arranged.
  • the first transparent window and the second transparent window are arranged at a distance from each other on a support of the security document, that the first and the second optical element can be brought into coincidence with each other.
  • the first optical element has a first transmissive microlens field and the second optical element has a second transmissive microlens field, wherein when the second covers the second microlens field, a first optical effect is exhibited.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a see-through security element of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the see-through security element as a security feature should have a novel optical information that offers a high protection against counterfeiting, for authenticity testing No special lighting conditions required and can be clearly identified with simple tools.
  • a generic refractive see-through security element comprises a transparent or at least translucent feature layer having a plurality of unit cells in a predetermined geometric arrangement, the unit cells each containing a predetermined number of substantially achromatic refractive microstructure elements oriented such that they each refract incident light into a predetermined spatial region so that the light refracted by the individual microstructure elements of an elementary cell combines into predetermined image information, and wherein the elementary cells have a lateral dimension below the resolution limit of the eye.
  • the plurality of unit cells is arranged periodically in at least one spatial direction or at least locally periodically. Particularly symmetrical designs result when the unit cells are arranged periodically even in two spatial directions or at least locally periodically.
  • microstructure elements are formed by microprisms, which are each characterized by the dimension of their base area (surface area and outline), a refractive angle ⁇ and an orientation angle of the microprism indicating azimuth angle ⁇ .
  • the azimuth angle ⁇ is defined as the angle between a reference direction and the vector which is produced by projecting the normal vector of the refracting prism surface onto the base surface.
  • microstructure elements has a curved surface.
  • These microstructure elements can be formed, for example, by micro cones or by micro-step cones, which are each characterized by the diameter of their base area and an opening angle ⁇ .
  • the unit cells have a lateral dimension below about 500 microns, preferably below about 300 microns, more preferably below about 100 microns.
  • the microstructure elements have a lateral dimension above about 3 ⁇ m.
  • the dimension is in the range above about 5 microns, more preferably above about 10 microns.
  • the unit cells are expediently joined together in the plane of the feature layer without gaps.
  • the microstructure elements in each unit cell are joined together without gaps, so that everyone is detected by one of the microstructure elements passing through the feature layer light beam.
  • the gapless arrangement can be achieved in particular by a periodic or locally periodic arrangement of the unit cells, at least in one spatial direction.
  • identical rectangular unit cells can be joined line by line without gaps and vertically successive lines in the horizontal direction can be shifted against each other by a randomly chosen amount.
  • the resulting surface-filling arrangement is then periodic only in one spatial direction, namely for each row in the row direction, while the arrangement varies randomly perpendicular to the rows.
  • the unit cells border each other completely and the microstructural elements within the unit cells are also comparable, it may be that the boundaries between the unit cells do not appear. In this case, the unit cells can also assume dimensions of significantly more than 500 ⁇ m.
  • the unit cells have an irregular outline shape, the diffraction effects usually being the lower the more irregular the outline of the unit cells is.
  • the arrangement of the microstructure elements within different unit cells may be identical so that each of the unit cells similarly provides the same contribution to the predetermined image information.
  • this degree of freedom can be used to form a higher-level security feature.
  • each unit cell provides the same contribution to the predetermined image information, but the arrangement of the microstructure elements within the unit cell is different.
  • the outline shapes of the microstructure elements are not important for the desired optical effect. They can therefore be different within different unit cells and thus form another security feature of higher level. Of particular advantage are rounded outlines.
  • the unit cells each provide a different contribution to the predetermined image information. This can be achieved in particular by unit cells, which differ in size, outline shape and / or number of microstructural elements per unit cell. The orientation, the outline shapes and / or the size of the microstructure elements may also be different within the unit cells.
  • the unit cells change over the surface of the feature layer, so that the image information generated by the refracted light changes in position, shape and / or size during a lateral movement of the security element over an object.
  • the change can be made abruptly, so that the image information generated during the movement, for example, jumps from one motif to another, or it can be slow and continuous, so that the image information also changes slowly and continuously during the movement.
  • a creative can go over several intermediate steps in another subject, or it can be the impression of a moving subject generated.
  • the predetermined image information is expediently composed of a number of pixels, wherein the microstructure elements within the unit cells are each assigned to one of these pixels.
  • One pixel can also be assigned two or more microstructure elements, so that different brightnesses can be generated for the different pixels.
  • the relative intensity of the image information can also be determined by the relative area fraction of the projection of the microstructure elements with a specific orientation on the base area, based on the entire base area of the unit cell.
  • a generic refractive see-through security element comprises a transparent or at least translucent feature layer having a substantially achromatic refractive microstructure in the form of a mosaic of a plurality of substantially achromatic refractive mosaic elements, the mosaic elements being oriented to differentiate incident light Space regions break so that the light diffracted by the individual mosaic elements combines to form predetermined image information, and wherein the mosaic elements have a lateral dimension below the resolution limit of the eye.
  • the mosaic elements are formed by microprisms, which are each characterized by the dimension of their base, a refractive angle ⁇ and an orientation of the microprism indicating azimuth angle ⁇ .
  • the mosaic elements has a curved surface.
  • These mosaic elements can be formed, for example, by micro cones or by micro-step cones, which are each characterized by the diameter of their base area and an opening angle ⁇ .
  • the mosaic elements preferably have a lateral dimension below about 100 ⁇ m, in particular below about 65 ⁇ m and particularly preferably below about 30 ⁇ m. On the other hand, they also have a lateral dimension above about 3 .mu.m, preferably above about 5 .mu.m, more preferably above about 10 .mu.m, to avoid disturbing color fringes by wavelength-dependent diffraction effects.
  • the mosaic elements are advantageously joined together without any gaps, so that each light beam passing through the feature layer is detected by one of the mosaic elements. It can also be provided that, at least in subregions of the security element, the local surface inclination of adjacent mosaic elements coincides along their common boundary. This results in a smooth surface without discontinuous burrs or peaks in these areas.
  • the feature layer has at least two groups of mosaic elements.
  • a first group of mosaic elements refracts incident light to the viewer, while a second group of mosaic elements refracts incident light away from the observer, so that a grayscale image, in particular a black and white image, is created for the viewer.
  • the calculation of the refractive angle ⁇ from the desired deflection of the light beam is based on the law of Snellius.
  • the decisive factors are the angles at which the light beam strikes the interfaces between the materials used and the refractive indices of these materials.
  • both sides have such surface structures.
  • both sides have such surface structures.
  • An advantage on both sides with microstructure elements or mosaic elements equipped see-through security elements is that overall a larger refractive angle ⁇ can be achieved because - add the textured depths on both sides of the security element - with custom stamping on the front and back. Larger refractive angles also mean a stronger deflection of the light beam.
  • Another advantage is that the light rays can be deflected in total by a certain angle in a certain direction. This can be achieved, for example, by the fact that the microstructure elements or mosaic elements on one side of the security element opposite micro-sawtooth structures. In this case, it is not necessary that the surface structures on the front and back are arranged in the register.
  • the achievable deflection angles ⁇ are influenced by the refractive indices of the material containing the microstructure elements or mosaic elements and the materials at the top and bottom of this layer.
  • the layer with the surface structures may have a low refractive index and the surrounding layers (if present) a high refractive index, or vice versa.
  • the refractive index difference is locally varied on the surface of the feature layer provided with the unit cells or with the microstructure. This can be done for example by area printing of the feature layer with high refractive index material. It can be introduced in this way additional patterns in the see-through security element.
  • the surface of the feature layer provided with the unit cells or with the microstructure can be glued to a transparent or translucent foil.
  • the unit cells or the microstructure itself can / remain adhesive-free in order to ensure a sufficiently large refractive index difference between the microstructure elements of the unit cells or the mosaic elements of the microstructure and the surrounding material (air).
  • only the burrs or tips of the microstructure elements constituting the unit cells or the mosaic elements constituting the microstructure can be glued.
  • the feature layer may also be glued to the film with an adhesive whose refractive index differs significantly from the refractive index of the feature layer. This will also be sufficient ensured large refractive index difference between the microstructure elements or the mosaic elements and the surrounding material.
  • Another possibility for protecting the unit cells or the microstructure from contamination and impression is to pour out the microstructure elements of the unit cells or the mosaic elements of the microstructure with a high-index material.
  • the feature layer is combined with metallized regions in the form of patterns, characters or codes or with holographic or hologram-like diffraction structures.
  • the see-through security element can be provided with further security features, such as incorporated magnetic materials, specifically adjusted conductivity, color shift effects, colored embossing lacquer and the like.
  • the invention further includes a security arrangement for security papers, value documents and the like with a see-through security element of the type described and with a separate display element, which, in cooperation with the see-through security element makes the predetermined image information recognizable to the viewer.
  • the display element preferably has an area with a dot pattern, in particular with a single point.
  • a transparent or at least translucent feature layer is produced and provided with a plurality of unit cells in a predetermined geometric arrangement.
  • the unit cells are each provided with a predetermined number of substantially achromatically refractive microstructure elements that are aligned so that they each break incident light into a predetermined spatial region so that the light refracted by the individual microstructure elements of an elementary cell combines into predetermined image information.
  • the unit cells themselves are created with a lateral dimension below the resolution limit of the eye.
  • the plurality of unit cells in a spatial direction or even in two spatial directions periodically or at least locally arranged periodically.
  • Another method for producing a refractive see-through security element for security papers, value documents and the like comprises the production of a transparent or at least translucent feature layer which is provided with a substantially achromatically refractive microstructure in the form of a mosaic of a plurality of substantially achromatically refractive mosaic elements.
  • the mosaic elements are aligned so that they divide incident light into different ones Space areas break, so that the light fractured by the individual mosaic elements combines to form predetermined image information.
  • the mosaic elements themselves are produced with a lateral dimension below the resolution limit of the eye.
  • the arrangement of the microstructure elements or the mosaic elements is advantageously calculated by a raytracing method.
  • the surface relief with the microstructure elements or the mosaic elements can then, for example, with grayscale lithography, direct exposure with a laser or electron beam writer or by direct processing of the substrate material, for. B. by laser ablation, are structured.
  • the surface relief may be transferred by means of an etching process into a substrate material in order to achieve a greater profile depth or a modified profile shape.
  • the resulting surface structure is transferred advantageously by galvanic molding on a stamping cylinder.
  • the invention includes a security paper and a value document, such as a banknote, identity card or the like, which is provided with a see-through security element of the type described.
  • the see-through security element is held vertically above the test object when viewed. It is understood, however, that the see-through security element can also be designed so that it must be held with a certain inclination.
  • the see-through security element is moved laterally in the detection of the appearance relative to the test object to be considered, the appearance changes in a lateral movement in its position, shape and / or size.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which contains a see-through area 12 in a partial area of the note.
  • the see-through area 12 can be, for example, a continuous opening or a transparent window area of the banknote 10.
  • a see-through security element 14 according to the invention is arranged, so that objects can be viewed through the see-through security element 14.
  • Fig. 2 a see-through security element 20, which is held at a certain distance a vertically above an object 30 to be observed.
  • the see-through security element 20 contains a transparent feature layer 22 with a plastic substrate 24, for example a PET film, and a lacquer layer 26 applied and embossed on the plastic substrate 24.
  • a transparent feature layer 22 with a plastic substrate 24, for example a PET film, and a lacquer layer 26 applied and embossed on the plastic substrate 24.
  • Substantially achromatic refractive microstructure elements 28 are embossed in the lacquer layer 26, for example by prisms, through three-, four- or more-sided pyramids or may be formed by conical structures, as explained in detail below.
  • the lateral dimension of the microstructure elements 28 lies in at least one spatial direction below the resolution limit of the naked eye. In the case of elongated prisms, this spatial direction is given in particular by the spacing of neighboring prisms. In pyramid structures, the lateral dimensions are advantageously even along two spatial directions (length and width of the pyramids) below the resolution limit of the naked eye. Since wavelength-dependent light diffraction effects should be negligible, the lateral dimensions are chosen to be greater than about 3 ⁇ m at the same time.
  • the see-through security element has a parallel arrangement of elongated prisms 28 with an opening angle ⁇ of 90 ° and with a spacing of adjacent prisms of about 30 ⁇ m.
  • the lateral dimension perpendicular to the main extension of the prisms 28 is therefore clearly below the resolution limit of the naked eye; on the other hand, the dimensions are already so great that no significant color splitting by wavelength-dependent diffraction effects occurs.
  • the microstructure elements 28 can be produced, for example, by first applying a UV-curing lacquer layer to the substrate 24, embossing the desired relief structure after an optional precuring into the lacquer layer, and then curing the lacquer layer by exposure to UV radiation.
  • embossing in UV-curable lacquer of course, other methods known per se, such as embossing in thermoplastics come into question.
  • the object 30 under consideration has a single point 32.
  • the see-through security element 20 initially placed on the object 30 and then lifted vertically upward, so occurs due to the refraction of light in the microstructure elements 28, a characteristic optical effect, which manifests itself in a multiplication of the images of the object point 32.
  • duplication of the object images occurs, as in view 34 of FIG Fig. 3 (b) illustrated.
  • the individual point 32 of the object 30 generates for the viewer B two spatially separated point images 36A and 36B whose apparent distance p increases with the distance a between the object 30 and the see-through security element 20.
  • the reason for this splitting is that the light emanating from the object point 32 is reflected by the refraction of light in the microstructure elements 28 on two different beam paths 38A and 38B (FIG. Fig. 2 ) to the eye of the observer B.
  • the apparent positions of the points 36A and 36B result from the straight continuation of the rays running towards the eye of the observer, as in FIG Fig. 2 illustrated.
  • the observer B sees only the two point images 36A and 36B when viewed through the security element 20, since only the light beams emanating from the object point 32 reach the viewer B via one of the two ray paths 38A and 38B ,
  • unstructured intermediate regions remain between the microstructures 28, so that a certain part of the light rays emanating from the object point 32 can reach the eye of the observer B directly.
  • a direct point image 40 can be seen in addition Fig. 3 (b) indicated by dashed lines.
  • the number of offset dot images corresponds in each case to the number of surface orientations of the microstructures 28.
  • an appearance with four point images 44 can be obtained, for example, by a surface-filling arrangement of similar four-sided pyramids, as in the view 42 of FIG Fig. 3 (c) illustrated.
  • the direct point image 46 may be visible when the microstructures are spaced apart.
  • microstructures can be used, in particular, to generate symbol representations, such as a logo or one or more letters when viewed through a security element according to the invention, as explained below with reference to the broad figures.
  • a viewer When viewed through a security element that is held perpendicularly above the object 50 at a distance of about 2 mm to 2 cm, a viewer should perceive from a typical reading distance of about 30 cm a symbol 54 which is in Fig. 4 (b) is represented by the letter "L" and that should have an extension of about 2 mm to about 2 cm on the security element.
  • the nine pixels 56, which make up the symbol 54, are different images of the same object point 52 and are generated in the manner described below by the periodic microstructures.
  • Fig. 5 11 shows a plan view of a refractive see-through security element 60 with a transparent feature layer that has a periodic arrangement of a plurality of elementary cells 62.
  • Each of the elementary cells 62 contains nine essentially achromatically refractive microprisms 64, which are characterized by a refractive angle ⁇ and an orientation angle of the microprism relative to a reference direction Ref, in addition to their size.
  • One of the microprisms 64 is in Fig. 5 with its characteristic parameters shown in perspective view.
  • the size of the microprisms 64 is in each case 30 .mu.m.times.30 .mu.m, and the size of an elementary cell 62 is thus 90 .mu.m.times.90 .mu.m.
  • the square unit cells 62 completely fill the structured area of the see-through security element 60 such that each passing light beam is deflected by one of the microprisms 64 and refracted into a predetermined space area.
  • the choice of the sizes of the microprisms 64 and the unit cells 62 ensures that the microstructure can not be resolved with the naked eye.
  • the microprisms 64 are sufficiently large, so that wavelength-dependent light diffraction effects are negligible, ie, the influence on the light beams is essentially achromatic.
  • the number of microprisms 64 within the unit cells corresponds to the number of pixels 56 that make up the symbol 54 to be displayed. Based on an elementary cell 62, the position of the pixels 56 of the symbol 54 each define a spatial direction in which the light incident from the object point 52 has to be deflected in order to achieve a representation of the symbol.
  • each of the microprisms 64 is assigned to one of the pixels 56, wherein the refractive angle ⁇ and the azimuth angle ⁇ of the associated microprism 64 are selected such that the radiation incident from the object point 52 is deflected in the spatial direction defined by the pixel 56 and there by a Observers can be perceived.
  • the nine microprisms 64 of an elementary cell 62 together produce a representation of the symbol 54 made up of nine pixels.
  • all elementary cells are identical, so that each elementary cell 62 contributes equally to the overall image.
  • a different brightness of the pixels of the symbol can also be achieved by assigning a different number of prisms to different pixels, which light break them.
  • the refractive angle ⁇ and the refractive index n of the material of the feature layer are decisive.
  • the associated refractive angle ⁇ of the associated microprism can be easily calculated. It should be noted that the above formula valid for small refractive angles ⁇ applies only when the refractive index of the medium adjacent to the feature layer is one.
  • the deflection angle ⁇ can of course also be calculated exactly, preferably by means of a computer.
  • the azimuth angle ⁇ of the microprism results from the relative position of the pixel 56 within the symbol 54 to be displayed.
  • the thickness of the microprisms can be chosen largely freely. If all the microprisms 64 start at the edge of the refractive angle ⁇ with a thickness of zero, the result is a cross section through an elementary cell 62, as in FIG Fig. 6 (a) shown.
  • the thicknesses of the microprisms 64 it is usually possible to obtain a structure with no or only small discontinuity jumps 66, as in FIG Fig. 6 (b) shown.
  • the refractive effect of the microstructure corresponds to the Fig. 6 (b) the the Fig. 6 (a) but avoids any undesirable side effects at the junctions 65 of adjacent prisms 64.
  • the relative arrangement of the microprisms 64 within a unit cell 62 can be chosen arbitrarily without changing the visual appearance for the viewer B. This property can be exploited to realize by a special arrangement of microprisms another accessible only with aids security feature in the security element.
  • the microprisms 64 in adjacent unit cells 62 may each be arranged mirror-symmetrically to a mirror axis 68, as in FIG Fig. 7 shown schematically by means of an embodiment with 2 x 2 microprisms per unit cell.
  • the four different microprisms are marked with the numbers "1" to "4". Since each unit cell 62 each contains a complete set of microprisms 64, all unit cells produce the same visual effect to a viewer.
  • the mirror-symmetrical arrangement of Fig. 7 represents a simple, higher-level security feature, the presence of which can be checked, for example, with a white-light interferometer by determining the surface profile, but which, overall, produces the same visual effect as an array of identical unit cells.
  • Another security feature of higher level consists in varying outlines of the microstructure elements. Due to the small dimensions of the elements, their varying outline shapes can not be detected with the naked eye, but with the help of a microscope. By varying contour shapes at a constant area even the visual impression of the security element can be improved, as a possible light diffraction, the is formed by a regular arrangement of a grid formed by the microstructure elements, is reduced.
  • the microstructure elements preferably have rounded, in particular wavy, contour lines.
  • the microstructure elements are preferably designed such that their different outline shapes are matched to one another as precisely as possible, ie, the microstructure elements adjoin one another substantially without any gaps. This can be achieved, for example, by a puzzle-like configuration of the outline shapes of the microstructure elements.
  • the unit cell By the definition of the unit cell, the number of microprisms, to each of which an individual data set consisting of the refractive angle ⁇ and the azimuth angle ⁇ , is assigned, can be kept small.
  • the unit cells defined in this way must then be arranged only within the see-through security element according to a fixed scheme. Compared to variants without unit cells, the amount of data is considerably reduced by this procedure.
  • a refractive see-through security element is constructed from a plurality of two different unit cells, each of which contributes a different contribution to the overall picture.
  • the see-through security element comprises a second type of unit cell. These project further pixels exactly into the interspaces of the pixels of the first elementary cells 62 and thus reduce the blurring of the overall image associated with the coarser pixelation. If the second elementary cell is likewise composed of nine microprisms assigned to one pixel, the overall image now consists of eighteen pixels instead of nine pixels if the size is essentially the same.
  • the second unit cell may differ from the first unit cell, for example, in size, outline or number of microprisms. Furthermore, a different orientation, size and / or outline shape of the microprisms of the second unit cell can produce a different optical effect in comparison with the first unit cell.
  • the two types of unit cells could be arranged alternately periodically, or in any other order.
  • both sides of the see-through security element have surface structures.
  • a see-through security element 70 is shown in which substantially achromatically refractive microprisms 76, inclined in different spatial directions, are combined on one surface of a transparent feature layer 74 with a micro-sawtooth structure 78 on the opposite surface of the feature layer 74.
  • the microprisms 76 and the micro-sawtooth structure 78 are each embossed in a coated on a plastic substrate 24 paint layer of, for example, UV-curable paint.
  • the micro-sawtooth structure allows the light rays to be deflected by a certain angle. The period of the micro-sawtooth structure does not have to be adapted to the size of the microstructure elements.
  • the see-through security elements according to the invention can be checked for authenticity with further test methods.
  • an approximately point-shaped light source 73 such as a light bulb a few meters away or the like, is viewed through the refractive see-through security element 60.
  • the symbol 54 coded in the unit cells becomes visible to the viewer B, as in FIG Fig. 9 schematically illustrated by the beam paths 72A and 72B.
  • the image appearing to the viewer in this case is made up of a plurality of luminous pixels which are formed by the light rays of the light source 73 which are refracted by similar microprisms in certain viewing directions.
  • FIG Fig. 10 Another inspection method, in which the see-through security element 60 is illuminated with a beam of approximately parallel light 80, is shown in FIG Fig. 10 illustrated.
  • This may, for example, be the radiation of a laser pointer, but monochromatic or coherent radiation is not required for testing. Rather, the approximately parallel light 80 may also originate from a relatively distant light source or from an intermediate lens.
  • the symbol 54 is formed by the light refraction of the microprisms 64 as a projection figure on a collecting screen 82.
  • the size of the pixels 84 on the collecting screen is given by the diameter of the incident light beam 80.
  • the distance of the pixels 56 and 84 is still small enough to good readability of the symbol.
  • the pixels are too large, gaps between the dots may arise. If the incident light beam 80 is not completely parallel, moreover, the surface brightness of the pixels 84 decreases as the distance between the security element 60 and the collecting screen 82 increases.
  • At least a portion of the microstructure elements may also have curved surfaces as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 explained.
  • conic structures can be used to generate circular lines or circular arcs from an object point or a point source of light.
  • An essential difference to the designs described above consists in the fact that the circular lines or line arcs run continuously and are not composed of discrete points. It is understood that designs with curved surfaces and designs can be combined with straight surfaces in any way.
  • Fig. 11 (a) shows a plan view of a refractive see-through security element 90
  • the transparent feature layer is provided with a periodic arrangement of microcracks 92.
  • each micro-cone 92 is characterized by an opening angle ⁇ .
  • One of the micro-cones 92 is in Fig. 11 (b) with its characteristic parameters shown in perspective view.
  • the micro-cones 92 When viewing the object 50 with the single object point 52 (see Fig. 11 (c) ) through the see-through security element 90, the micro-cones 92 create a continuous circle 94, as in FIG Fig. 11 (d) shown.
  • the radius of the circular line is determined by the opening angle ⁇ . The larger the opening angle of the micro-cone 92, the smaller the radius of the circle 94, which can be seen by the viewer through the security element or on a collecting screen.
  • the width of the circular line 94 can be influenced by a variation ⁇ of the opening angles of the micro-cones around a central value ⁇ 0 .
  • the microcavities 92 are expediently joined together periodically, the arrangement in a hexagonal lattice allowing the greatest area coverage.
  • micro-cones 92 can usually not be joined together without gaps. Due to the remaining unstructured interspaces 96, the light originating from the object point 52 passes largely unaltered through the security element 90 and produces a central pixel 98 within the circular line 94. It is understood that this property can already be taken into account in the design of the symbol to be displayed.
  • microstructure elements such as the micro-cones 92, which due to their shape can not be arranged as such completely and plane-filling in the plane
  • Fig. 12 (a) shows a see-through security element 100 with a surface-filling arrangement of cut microcorns 102.
  • Each of the underlying microcone has the same size as the cone of the embodiment of Fig. 11 , These are indicated by the dashed line representation of the footprints of the underlying microcone 104 in FIG Fig. 12 (a) indicated.
  • a complete filling of the surface without gaps 96 can be achieved.
  • portions of the output cone 104 are cut off and removed, as in the side view of one of the overlapping microcone 102 of Fig. 12 (b) becomes clear.
  • the overlapping microcone 102 have a square base.
  • other overlaps may be formed, for example, based on a hexagonal grid. Since in a hexagonal lattice a higher surface filling is achieved even without overlapping, it is then sufficient to remove smaller portions of the microcone in order to achieve a complete surface filling.
  • the overlapping micro-cones 102 When viewing the object 50 with the individual object point 52 (FIG. Fig. 12 (c) ) through the see-through security element 100, the overlapping micro-cones 102 also generate a circular line 106 whose radius is determined by the opening angle ⁇ , as in FIG Fig. 12 (d) shown. Since the rotational symmetry of the cones 102 is reduced by the removed portions to a fourfold symmetry, the image brightness along the circle 106 varies according to the reduced symmetry as in FIG Fig. 12 (d) indicated by the various circular sections 106A and 106B.
  • the height of the cones 92 or 104 is fixed.
  • the maximum achievable in practice size is limited by the resolution of the eye, the manufacturability, preferably in conventional film technology, and the layer thickness of the paint layer to be embossed.
  • the cones must not be too small to effectively suppress wavelength-dependent diffraction effects. Since a very small opening angle ⁇ would lead to very high cone structures under the additional condition of a sufficiently large base area, in some embodiments it is advantageous to reduce the volume of the microcone while maintaining the refractive surface.
  • Fig. 13 (a) shows a microcone 110 with an opening angle ⁇ , a base diameter d and a height h.
  • the cone 110 are decomposed into a series of concentric annular cone zones 112, of which the sections of constant height are omitted, respectively.
  • the procedure is analogous to the transition of a spherical lens to a Fresnel lens.
  • the height s of the resulting step cone 114 is only about one fifth of the height h of the output cone.
  • the number of conical zones 112 can be selected as required, on the one hand not to exceed the maximum height per cone zone, on the other hand, the minimum size to avoid color effects caused by light diffraction in the conical zones.
  • micro-step cones 114 like the micro-cones 92 and 104, respectively, may be arranged in a periodic lattice with space or overlapping with no gap.
  • each unit cell of the feature layer contains only a single microstructure element 92 or 104.
  • an elementary cell may contain several differently curved microstructure elements, possibly also in combination with straight-sided microstructure elements of the type described above, to form more complex symbols or to generate graphic patterns.
  • the refractive unit cells can be modified over the area of the security elements in such a way that, with the position of viewed object and observer unchanged and a lateral movement of the security element unchanged a running effect occurs, that changes the position of the appearance of the object.
  • the appearance of the object itself can also change during the lateral movement, so that a morphing effect arises.
  • the extent of the viewed object for example the object point 52 of the Fig. 4 (a) , the apparent diameter of the light source 70 of the Fig. 9 , or the diameter of the light beam 80 of the Fig. 10 in this case, be no larger than the individual areas of the security element, within which the unit cells are structured the same, in order to obtain a locally unique image representation.
  • the essentially achromatic refractive microstructure does not consist of repeatedly arranged individual motifs, but is individually aligned over the entire area to the representation of image information, as is the case with the security elements 130 and 140 of FIG Figures 14 and 15 explained.
  • a security element must generally be brought to a predetermined position between the object to be viewed and the viewer in order to develop the desired optical effect.
  • This limitation is offset by the advantage of a significantly higher achievable resolution for the image information.
  • the luminosity of the image display is higher, since the light of the entire surface section contributes to the image information.
  • the security element 130 or 140 In the design of the security element 130 or 140, first the geometric relationships are determined, in particular the required position of the security element relative to the object to be viewed. The surface of the security element 130 is then decomposed into mosaic elements 132, whose extent lies below the resolution limit of the human eye.
  • the mosaic elements 132 are the Fig. 14 formed by microprisms of a lateral dimension of 20 microns x 20 microns, which, as already described above, each characterized by a refractive angle ⁇ and an azimuth angle ⁇ .
  • the required spatial orientation ie the angles ⁇ and ⁇ is determined, so that the light refraction emanates from the object to be imaged in the respective microprism 134 towards the viewer .
  • the surface areas which are not part of the symbol to be displayed are provided with microprisms 136 which deflect the light originating from the object to be imaged away from the position of the observer.
  • the light directed away from the viewer by the microprisms 136 can be directed randomly or evenly distributed in all directions. In this case, the image information can be recognized only from a viewing position as described above. However, it is also possible to direct the light deflected by the microprisms 136 in a targeted manner in a second viewing direction. In this viewing direction the light of the symbol forming the symbol is missing Microprisms 134, so that from the second viewing direction, a negative image of the symbol can be seen, as in Fig. 14 (c) shown.
  • the two types of mosaic elements 134, 136 may also differ in that only one type is provided with microprisms, while the areas of the other type remain unstructured, as in FIG Fig. 15 shown.
  • the light originating from the object is not deflected in the unstructured areas 142 of the security element 140, while it is directed in the microprismed areas 144 in a desired spatial direction. In this way too, the symbol to be displayed can be recognized at predetermined viewing positions.
  • greyscale representations can also be generated by selecting the proportion of microprisms within a surface section which deflects light towards or away from the viewer in accordance with the desired gray value.
  • the outline of the mosaic elements is largely freely selectable, even if designs are preferred in which the outline shapes allow a complete area coverage.
  • the outline shape can, for example, change over the area of the security element in a defined manner from square to rectangular outline shapes, which is not recognizable to the naked eye because of the small size of the structural elements, but can easily be detected by light microscopy.
  • a symbol is first selected, in which the object is to be transformed when viewed through the security element.
  • the required microstructure can in simple cases be designed by geometrical considerations, in more complex cases it can be calculated with computer help, for example by ray tracing analysis. If there is a data set describing the surface relief, this can be structured, for example, by grayscale lithography, direct exposure with a laser or electron-beam recorder. If the achievable tread depth is not sufficient, the relief can also be transferred into a substrate material by means of suitable dry etching processes, whereby the tread depth can be correspondingly increased.
  • the substrate can be processed directly with suitable methods, without resorting to paint layers.
  • suitable methods such as laser ablation.

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Claims (25)

  1. Elément de sécurité transparent, à réfraction, pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et similaires, avec une couche à caractère distinctif transparente ou au moins translucide, laquelle présente une pluralité de cellules élémentaires selon une disposition géométrique prédéterminée, dans lequel les cellules élémentaires contiennent respectivement un nombre prédéterminé d'éléments micro-structurels sensiblement à réfraction achromatique, dans lequel au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels
    - est formée par des micro-prismes qui sont respectivement caractérisés par la dimension de leur surface de base, un angle réfractif α et un angle azimutal β indiquant l'orientation du micro-prisme,
    et/ou
    - est formée par des pyramides à trois, quatre ou de multiples côtés, et/ou
    - présente une surface courbée, en particulier au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels étant formée par des micro-cônes ou par des micro-cônes à gradins, lesquels sont respectivement caractérisés par le diamètre de leur surface de base et un angle d'ouverture γ,
    dans lequel des éléments micro-structurels sont orientés de manière à ce qu'ils réfractent de la lumière incidente respectivement dans une zone spatiale prédéterminée de manière à ce que la lumière réfractée par les éléments micro-structurels individuels d'une cellule élémentaire se combine en une information d'image prédéterminée, et dans lequel les cellules élémentaires présentent une dimension latérale en-deçà de la limite de résolution de l'oeil humain.
  2. Elément de sécurité transparent selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pluralité des cellules élémentaires est disposée dans une ou deux directions spatiales, de manière périodique ou au moins localement périodique.
  3. Elément de sécurité transparent selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cellules élémentaires présentent une dimension latérale inférieure à près de 500 µm, de préférence inférieure à près de 300 µm, de manière particulièrement préférée, inférieure à près de 100 µm et/ou en ce que les éléments micro-structurels présentent une dimension latérale supérieure à près de 3 µm, de préférence supérieure à près de 5 µm, de manière particulièrement préférée, supérieure à près de 10 µm.
  4. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les cellules élémentaires sont assemblées sans vides dans le plan de la couche à caractère distinctif et/ou en ce que les éléments micro-structurels dans chaque cellule élémentaire sont assemblés sans vides.
  5. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que chacune des cellules élémentaires fournit respectivement la même contribution à l'information d'image prédéterminée et en ce que la disposition et/ou les formes du contour des éléments micro-structurels à l'intérieur des cellules élémentaires sont différentes, dans lequel la disposition et/ou les formes du contour des éléments micro-structurels à l'intérieur des cellules élémentaires forment de préférence une marque de sécurité de niveau plus élevé.
  6. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux des cellules élémentaires fournissent respectivement une contribution différente à l'information d'image prédéterminée, en particulier en ce qu'au moins deux des cellules élémentaires diffèrent en taille, forme du contour et/ou nombre d'éléments micro-structurels par cellule élémentaire.
  7. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les cellules élémentaires varient sur la surface de la couche à caractère distinctif de manière à ce que, en cas d'un mouvement latéral de l'élément de sécurité au-dessus d'un objet, l'information d'image générée par la lumière réfractée varie concernant sa position, forme et/ou taille.
  8. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'information d'image prédéterminée se compose d'un certain nombre de points d'image et en ce que les éléments micro-structurels à l'intérieur des cellules élémentaires sont respectivement associés à un point d'image.
  9. Elément de sécurité transparent, à réfraction, pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et similaires, avec une couche à caractère distinctif transparente ou au moins translucide, laquelle présente une microstructure sensiblement à réfraction achromatique sous la forme d'une mosaïque en une pluralité d'éléments de mosaïque sensiblement à réfraction achromatique, dans lequel au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels
    - est formée par des micro-prismes qui sont respectivement caractérisés par la dimension de leur surface de base, un angle réfractif α et un angle azimutal β indiquant l'orientation du micro-prisme,
    et/ou
    - est formée par des pyramides à trois, quatre ou de multiples côtés, et/ou
    - présente une surface courbée, en particulier au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels étant formée par des micro-cônes ou par des micro-cônes à gradins, lesquels sont respectivement caractérisés par le diamètre de leur surface de base et un angle d'ouverture γ,
    dans lequel les éléments de mosaïque sont orientés de manière à ce qu'ils réfractent de la lumière incidente dans des zones spatiales différentes de manière à ce que la lumière réfractée par les éléments de mosaïque individuels se combine en une information d'image prédéterminée, et dans lequel les éléments de mosaïque présentent une dimension latérale en-deçà de la limite de résolution de l'oeil humain.
  10. Elément de sécurité transparent selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de mosaïque présentent une dimension latérale inférieure à près de 100 µm, de préférence inférieure à près de 65 µm, de manière particulièrement préférée, inférieure à près de 30 µm et/ou présentent une dimension latérale supérieure à près de 3 µm, de préférence supérieure à près de 5 µm, de manière particulièrement préférée, supérieure à près de 10 µm.
  11. Elément de sécurité transparent selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de mosaïque sont assemblés sans vides dans le plan de la couche à caractère distinctif, en particulier en ce qu'au moins dans des zones partielles de l'élément de sécurité, l'inclinaison de surface locale d'éléments de mosaïque voisins coïncide le long de leur limite commune.
  12. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un premier groupe d'éléments de mosaïque réfracte de la lumière incidente vers l'observateur et en ce qu'un deuxième groupe d'éléments de mosaïque réfracte de la lumière incidente en éloignement de l'observateur de manière à ce que, pour l'observateur, une image à niveaux de gris, en particulier une image noire et blanche est formée.
  13. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 12 précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface, dotée des cellules élémentaires ou de la microstructure, de la couche à caractère distinctif est collée avec une feuille transparente ou translucide.
  14. Elément de sécurité transparent selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les cellules élémentaires ou la microstructure elle-même est/sont sans adhésif ou en ce que seules les arêtes ou pointes des éléments micro-structurels constituant les cellules élémentaires, ou des éléments de mosaïque constituant la microstructure, sont collées.
  15. Elément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les éléments micro-structurels des cellules élémentaires ou les éléments de mosaïque de la microstructure sont coulés avec un matériau fortement réfringent.
  16. Agencement de sécurité pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et similaires, avec un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 15 et un élément de représentation séparé lequel, en coopération avec l'élément de sécurité transparent, rend reconnaissable pour l'observateur l'information d'image prédéterminée.
  17. Agencement de sécurité selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de représentation présente une surface avec un motif à point, en particulier avec un point unique, ou au moins une source lumineuse sensiblement en forme de point.
  18. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément de sécurité transparent, à réfraction, pour des papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et similaires, avec lequel on produit une couche à caractère distinctif transparente ou au moins translucide et la dote d'une pluralité de cellules élémentaires selon une disposition géométrique prédéterminée, dans lequel les cellules élémentaires sont respectivement dotées d'un nombre prédéterminé d'éléments micro-structurels à réfraction achromatique, dans lequel au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels
    - est formée par des micro-prismes qui sont respectivement caractérisés par la dimension de leur surface de base, un angle réfractif α et un angle azimutal β indiquant l'orientation du micro-prisme,
    et/ou
    - est formée par des pyramides à trois, quatre ou de multiples côtés, et/ou
    - présente une surface courbée, en particulier au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels étant formée par des micro-cônes ou par des micro-cônes à gradins, lesquels sont respectivement caractérisés par le diamètre de leur surface de base et un angle d'ouverture γ,
    dans lequel des éléments micro-structurels sont orientés de manière à ce qu'ils réfractent de la lumière incidente respectivement dans une zone spatiale prédéterminée de manière à ce que la lumière réfractée par les éléments micro-structurels individuels d'une cellule élémentaire se combine en une information d'image prédéterminée, et dans lequel les cellules élémentaires présentent une dimension latérale en-deçà de la limite de résolution de l'oeil humain.
  19. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément de sécurité transparent, à réfraction, pour des papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et similaires, avec lequel une couche à caractère distinctif, transparente ou au moins translucide, et produite et est dotée d'une microstructure sensiblement à réfraction achromatique sous la forme d'une mosaïque en une pluralité d'éléments de mosaïque sensiblement à réfraction achromatique, dans lequel au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels
    - est formée par des micro-prismes qui sont respectivement caractérisés par la dimension de leur surface de base, un angle réfractif α et un angle azimutal β indiquant l'orientation du micro-prisme,
    et/ou
    - est formée par des pyramides à trois, quatre ou de multiples côtés, et/ou
    - présente une surface courbée, en particulier au moins une partie des éléments micro-structurels étant formée par des micro-cônes ou par des micro-cônes à gradins, lesquels sont respectivement caractérisés par le diamètre de leur surface de base et un angle d'ouverture γ,
    dans lequel des éléments de mosaïque sont orientés de manière à ce qu'ils réfractent de la lumière incidente dans une zone spatiale prédéterminée de manière à ce que la lumière réfractée par les éléments de mosaïque individuels se combine en une information d'image prédéterminée, et dans lequel les éléments de mosaïque présentent une dimension latérale en-deçà de la limite de résolution de l'oeil humain.
  20. Papier de sécurité pour la fabrication de documents de valeur ou similaires, lequel est doté d'un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 15.
  21. Document de valeur, tel que billet de banque, carte d'identité ou similaires, lequel est doté d'un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 15.
  22. Procédé pour le contrôle d'authenticité d'un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, avec lequel
    - un objet test à observer est choisi, et une image de perception escomptée lors de l'observation de l'objet test à travers l'élément de sécurité transparent étant déterminée,
    - l'élément de sécurité transparent étant tenu à une distance au-dessus de l'objet, et l'objet de test étant observé à travers l'élément de sécurité,
    - l'image de perception de l'objet de test étant détectée et étant comparée avec l'image de perception escomptée, et
    - l'authenticité de l'élément de sécurité transparent étant évaluée à l'aide de la comparaison entre l'image de perception détectée et celle escomptée.
  23. Procédé pour le contrôle d'authenticité d'un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, avec lequel
    - une source lumineuse à observer, générant une lumière sensiblement parallèle, en particulier une source lumineuse en forme de point suffisamment éloignée étant sélectionnée, et une image de perception escomptée lors de l'observation de la source lumineuse à travers l'élément de sécurité transparent étant déterminée,
    - l'élément de sécurité transparent étant tenu devant la source lumineuse et la source lumineuse étant observée à travers l'élément de sécurité,
    - l'image de perception de la source lumineuse étant détectée et comparée avec l'image de perception escomptée, et
    - l'authenticité de l'élément de sécurité transparent étant évaluée à l'aide de la comparaison entre l'image de perception détectée et celle escomptée.
  24. Procédé pour le contrôle d'authenticité d'un élément de sécurité transparent selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, avec lequel
    - une image de perception escomptée lors du contrôle de l'élément de sécurité transparent étant déterminée,
    - l'élément de sécurité transparent étant éclairé avec un faisceau de lumière approximativement parallèle, et l'image de projection formée derrière l'élément de sécurité étant captée avec une plaque d'essai photométrique,
    - l'image de perception de l'image de projection étant détectée et comparée avec l'image de perception escomptée, et
    - l'authenticité de l'élément de sécurité transparent étant évaluée à l'aide de la comparaison entre l'image de perception détectée et celle escomptée.
  25. Procédé selon l'une au moins des revendications 22 à 24, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la détection de l'image de perception, l'élément de sécurité transparent est déplacé latéralement par rapport à l'objet test à observer.
EP07725470.4A 2006-05-31 2007-05-23 Élément de sécurité transparent à réfraction Active EP2029371B1 (fr)

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DE102006025334A DE102006025334A1 (de) 2006-05-31 2006-05-31 Refraktives Durchsichtssicherheitselement
PCT/EP2007/004570 WO2007137744A2 (fr) 2006-05-31 2007-05-23 Élément de sécurité transparent à réfraction

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DE102008062475A1 (de) 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Sicherheitspapier
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FR3075095B1 (fr) 2017-12-14 2020-02-28 Oberthur Fiduciaire Sas Ensemble constitue d'un dispositif de transparence complexe et d'au moins un reseau de micro-images, ainsi que document de securite le comportant
CN112572014B (zh) * 2019-09-30 2022-05-27 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司 光学防伪元件及防伪产品
GB2588181B (en) * 2019-10-11 2023-02-15 De La Rue Int Ltd A method and apparatus for inspecting a light control layer for a security device
EP4399099A1 (fr) * 2021-09-10 2024-07-17 De La Rue International Limited Dispositifs de sécurité et leurs procédés de fabrication

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DE102006025334A1 (de) 2007-12-06
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EP2029371A2 (fr) 2009-03-04
WO2007137744A8 (fr) 2008-06-05

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