EP2002406A1 - Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections - Google Patents
Method for evacuating buildings divided into sectionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP2002406A1 EP2002406A1 EP07704299A EP07704299A EP2002406A1 EP 2002406 A1 EP2002406 A1 EP 2002406A1 EP 07704299 A EP07704299 A EP 07704299A EP 07704299 A EP07704299 A EP 07704299A EP 2002406 A1 EP2002406 A1 EP 2002406A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- evacuation
- danger
- signal
- hazard
- gmz
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010000372 Accident at work Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B7/00—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
- G08B7/06—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
- G08B7/066—Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources guiding along a path, e.g. evacuation path lighting strip
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method, a
- evacuation refers to the movement of people away from a point of danger, such as the clearing of an apartment, a house, etc.
- the time of evacuation is commonly referred to as evacuation time.
- Evacuation plans deal with the process, so they are part of the preventive, organizational (non-structural, operational) fire protection.
- Preventive fire protection is the umbrella term for all measures that prevent or limit the formation, spread and impact of fires in advance. Since it is very difficult to predict in advance about a potential danger spot in a building, such evacuation plans are sub-optimal as they can only conditionally ensure efficient evacuation of a building.
- hazard detection systems are used to detect dangers, such as fire, gas, temperature, etc. reporting systems, which mostly consist of detectors connected to a control center.
- alarm systems are used in public buildings, office buildings, hotels, industrial buildings, airports, railway stations, workshops, schools, etc. If an alarm or danger is triggered on one of the detectors or hazard detectors, the danger control panel is notified.
- the functions of the control panel are freely parameterizable and support an alarm organization adapted to the object to be monitored.
- Such control panels usually have an integrated control panel with a graphical display that can display text, characters, etc. and interfaces to communication networks.
- the object of the present invention is to propose an efficient and cost-effective solution for a dynamic evacuation from a building.
- a core of the invention is to be seen in that for the evacuation of a sectioned building a security alarm center is used, which is connected to at least one danger detecting danger detector.
- a section is a floor, a part of a floor, a building, a part-building, a section of a building or complex of buildings to understand.
- the danger control center prepares an evacuation plan for the sections of the building according to the location of the hazard detected by the danger detector, the data received concerning the danger and at least one stored condition.
- An evacuation plan for example, is understood as the timing of an evacuation.
- at least one alarm signaling unit in a section in response to the evacuation plan is sent a request to send out either a warning signal or an evacuation signal.
- This call may be a communication network ⁇ for example, a signaling message.
- This type of dynamic evacuation is a functionality for the timed control of alarm signaling units. The processing or the evaluation of the data and the creation of the evacuation plan are done individually and thus lead to an optimal and safe evacuation of the building.
- the signaling basically two successive phases or alarm types, namely a warning signal and an evacuation signal is used.
- other signals such as an escape route information in the form of, for example, an announcement, a graphic display, etc. and their combination could be used according to the invention.
- For both types of signaling can different trigger conditions are configured. These conditions are generally stored in the form of a table, a database, etc. at the hazard control center.
- the delay time usually in minutes, are used to trigger the warning signal or the evacuation signal.
- Another condition could be that the switching from the warning signal to the evacuation signal is defined in a section.
- the delay time can be made dependent on the hazard event location.
- the defined triggering conditions are respectively OR-linked (for the warning signal and the evacuation signal separately), ie the triggering takes place if at least one of the defined conditions is fulfilled.
- Both the evacuation signal and the warning signal can be assigned a priority. Usually, the evacuation signal is assigned a higher priority and accordingly has priority over simultaneous fulfillment of the warning signal.
- Alarm signaling units are connected to the alarm panel which, depending on the type, are able to become active only in the case of a warning signal or an evacuation signal or when switching over at runtime.
- a major advantage of the invention is that, depending on the hazard event location, an optimal evacuation plan can be dynamically created. This means that the people trapped in the building can be signaled a safe escape route pointing away from the danger event location. In addition, by including conditions, congestion on, for example, doors, in staircases, etc., and the panic of the people in the building can be largely avoided.
- FIG. 1 shows a simplified illustration of an evacuation system according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a typical evacuation plan for a detected danger on the third floor
- FIG. 3 shows an alarm center according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a simplified illustration of an evacuation system according to the invention in a building.
- a danger detector GM for example in a room in a section, detects a danger, for example a fire, and forwards this danger to the danger warning center GMZ. From further units HW of the building, for example via digital inputs of the alarm control panel can be to evaluate the risk parameters to the alarm panel GMZ. Also, the evacuation plan can be manually controlled or stopped via such digital inputs.
- the danger control center GMZ evaluates the data received from the danger detector GM regarding the danger and draws up an evacuation plan for the multi-storey building depending on the location of the danger event location and at least one condition stored in the danger reporting center GMZ.
- prompts to send a signal to at least one alarm signaling unit ASE of a section are sent by the danger reporting center GMZ.
- Such prompts may generally be signaling messages of a communication network.
- the signaling messages to be used depend on the network protocol used and are generally arbitrary.
- the at least one alarm signaling unit ASE now receives at least one request for the transmission of a warning signal or an evacuation signal.
- further signals ie tone sequences, are used for alarm signaling.
- Alarm signaling units such as announcement units, graphic displays, treadmills, etc.
- the storage unit used is usually a table, a database or the like.
- the Defined delay time for sending a warning signal or an evacuation signal in a section The delay time may depend on the distance from the hazard event location. Also, the delay time for switching, so the change from the warning signal to the evacuation signal thereby defined.
- Yet another condition could be that the individual signals are assigned a priority and an associated rule.
- the evacuation system can be used to automatically evacuate evacuation plans created by a danger control center.
- the evacuation plan it may be useful for the evacuation plan to be manually controlled or interrupted. For this purpose, it must be ensured that a corresponding control or interruption can be made by a unit connected to the security control panel GMZ, for example a control panel, or at the danger control panel GMZ itself.
- FIG. 2 shows a typical evacuation plan for a detected hazard on the third floor.
- the creation of an evacuation plan is carried out according to FIG. 1.
- the danger control center GMZ sends to each alarm signaling unit ASE of the entire building a request to send a warning signal with the delay time 0 minutes, ie immediately.
- To evacuate the individual sections is switched from the warning signal to the evacuation signal.
- the changeover or the change takes place on the floor with a time delay.
- the evacuation should be initiated immediately, ie with the delay time 0 minutes.
- the evacuation signal will only sound delayed in 20 minutes. This makes it possible to regulate and control the flow of fleeing people.
- the evacuation signal has a higher priority than the alarm signal. If the evacuation signal is therefore sent out, the warning signal is switched off on the relevant floor.
- FIG. 3 shows a hazard warning center GMZ according to the invention for carrying out the method according to FIG. 1.
- the danger warning center GMZ has a receiving unit E, a processing unit V and a transmitting unit S.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Fire Alarms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Verfahren zur Evakuierung von in Sektionen eingeteilten GebäudenProcedure for evacuation of buildings divided into sections
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren, eineThe invention relates to a method, a
Gefahrenmeldezentrale und ein Evakuationssystem zur Evakuierung eines in Sektionen eingeteilten Gebäudes durch eine Gefahrenmeldezentrale, die mit mindestens einem eine Gefahr detektierenden Gefahrenmelder verbunden ist.Security control center and an evacuation system for the evacuation of a sectioned building by a hazard warning center connected to at least one danger detector detecting a hazard.
Der Begriff Evakuierung bezieht sich auf die Bewegung von Menschen fort von einer Gefahrenstelle, zum Beispiel das Räumen einer Wohnung, eines Hauses etc. Die Zeit einer Evakuierung wird allgemein als Evakuierungsdauer bezeichnet.The term evacuation refers to the movement of people away from a point of danger, such as the clearing of an apartment, a house, etc. The time of evacuation is commonly referred to as evacuation time.
Ereignisse wie zum Beispiel Industrieunfälle, Brände, Bombendrohungen, Terroristische Anschläge, Gasalarme etc. können es möglich machen, dass ein Gebäude evakuiert werden muss. Die individuelle Strategie bei der Evakuierung von Gebäuden wurde unter anderem von John Abrahams in seinem Buch „Fire escape in difficult circumstances, chapter 6, In: Stollard, 1994, Design against fire" untersucht. Die unabhängigen Variablen bilden dabei die Komplexität des Gebäudes und die Mobilität der Personen (körperliches Leistungsvermögen, Gehbehinderung etc.) und die abhängige Variable ist die Strategie. Mit abnehmender Mobilität und zunehmender Komplexität des Gebäudes ändert sich die Strategie von „schnelles Verlassen" über „langsames Verlassen" und „Bewegung an einen sicheren Ort" (zum Beispiel ein Treppenhaus) hin zu „am Ort verweilen und auf Rettung warten". Diese letzte Strategie gilt insbesondere für bettlägerige Personen (zum Beispiel bei der Evakuierung von Krankenhäusern) , die von Pflegepersonal oder Rettungskräften gerettet werden müssen. Für die Evakuierung werden so genannte Evakuierungspläne verwendet. Evakuierungspläne behandeln den Ablauf, sind also Teil des vorbeugenden, organisatorischen (nichtbaulichen, operationalen) Brand- Schutzes. Vorbeugender Brandschutz ist der Überbegriff für alle Massnahmen, die im Voraus die Entstehung, Ausbreitung und Auswirkung von Bränden verhindern beziehungsweise einschränken. Da nur sehr schwer im Voraus eine Aussage über eine mögliche Gefahrenstelle in einem Gebäude gemacht werden kann, sind derartige Evakuierungspläne suboptimal, da sie nur bedingt eine effiziente Räumung eines Gebäudes gewährleisten können .Events such as industrial accidents, fires, bomb threats, terrorist attacks, gas alarms etc. may make it necessary to evacuate a building. The individual strategy for evacuation of buildings was studied by John Abrahams in his book "Fire escape in difficult circumstances, chapter 6, In: Stollard, 1994, Design against fire" Mobility of the people (physical ability, walking disability etc.) and the dependent variable is the strategy As the mobility and increasing complexity of the building diminishes the strategy changes from "fast exit" to "slow exit" and "movement to a safe place" ( for example, a stairwell) to "stay in the field and wait for rescue." This last strategy is especially for bedridden persons (for example, in the evacuation of hospitals), by nurses or rescue workers must be saved. Evacuation plans are used for the evacuation. Evacuation plans deal with the process, so they are part of the preventive, organizational (non-structural, operational) fire protection. Preventive fire protection is the umbrella term for all measures that prevent or limit the formation, spread and impact of fires in advance. Since it is very difficult to predict in advance about a potential danger spot in a building, such evacuation plans are sub-optimal as they can only conditionally ensure efficient evacuation of a building.
In Gebäuden werden zur Detektion von Gefahren so genannte Gefahrenmeldesysteme, wie zum Beispiel Meldesysteme für Feuer, Gas, Temperatur etc., die meist aus Detektoren, die mit einer Zentrale verbunden sind, bestehen, eingesetzt. Solche Gefahrenmeldesysteme werden in öffentlichen Gebäuden, Bürogebäuden, Hotels, Industriegebäuden, Flughäfen, Bahnhöfen, Werkstätten, Schulen etc. eingesetzt. Wird ein Alarm bzw. eine Gefahr an einem der Detektoren bzw. Gefahrenmelder ausgelöst, wird die Gefahrenmeldezentrale benachrichtigt. Die Funktionen der Zentrale sind frei parametrierbar und unterstützen eine dem zu überwachenden Objekt angepasste Alarmorganisation. Solche Zentralen besitzen meist ein integriertes Bedienteil mit einer graphischen Anzeige, die Text, Zeichen etc. darstellen kann und Schnittstellen zu Kommunikationsnetzen .In buildings, so-called hazard detection systems are used to detect dangers, such as fire, gas, temperature, etc. reporting systems, which mostly consist of detectors connected to a control center. Such alarm systems are used in public buildings, office buildings, hotels, industrial buildings, airports, railway stations, workshops, schools, etc. If an alarm or danger is triggered on one of the detectors or hazard detectors, the danger control panel is notified. The functions of the control panel are freely parameterizable and support an alarm organization adapted to the object to be monitored. Such control panels usually have an integrated control panel with a graphical display that can display text, characters, etc. and interfaces to communication networks.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, eine effiziente und kosteneffektive Lösung für eine dynamische Evakuierung aus einem Gebäude vorzuschlagen.The object of the present invention is to propose an efficient and cost-effective solution for a dynamic evacuation from a building.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß jeweils durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben .The object is achieved in each case by the subject matters of the independent claims. Further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Ein Kern der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass zur Evakuierung eines in Sektionen eingeteilten Gebäudes eine Gefahrenmeldezentrale verwendet wird, die mit mindestens einem eine Gefahr detektierenden Gefahrenmelder verbunden ist. Unter einer Sektion ist ein Stockwerk, ein Teil eines Stockwerks, ein Gebäude, ein Teil-Gebäude, ein Abschnitt eines Gebäudes bzw. Gebäudekomplexes zu verstehen. Die Gefahrenmeldezentrale erstellt gemäss dem Ort der vom Gefahrenmelder detektierten Gefahr, den empfangenen Daten betreffend die Gefahr und mindestens einer gespeicherten Bedingung einen Evakuierungsplan für die Sektionen des Gebäudes. Unter Evakuierungsplan wird zum Beispiel der zeitliche Ablauf einer Evakuierung verstanden. Danach wird mindestens einer Alarmsignalisierungseinheit in einer Sektion in Abhängigkeit des Evakuierungsplans eine Aufforderung zum Aussenden entweder eines Warnsignal oder eines Evakuierungssignal zugesandt. Diese Aufforderung kann zum Beispiel eine Signalisierungsnachricht eines Kommunikations¬ netzes sein. Diese Art der dynamischen Evakuierung stellt eine Funktionalität zur zeitlich gestaffelten Ansteuerung von Alarmsignalisierungseinheiten dar. Die Verarbeitung bzw. die Auswertung der Daten und die Erstellung des Evakuierungsplans geschehen individuell und führen damit zu einer optimalen und sicheren Räumung des Gebäudes. Bei der Signalisierung werden grundsätzlich zwei aufeinander folgende Phasen bzw. Alarmierungsarten, nämlich ein Warnsignal und ein Evakuierungssignal, verwendet. Selbstverständlich könnten erfindungsgemäß auch weitere Signale, wie zum Beispiel eine Fluchtwegsangabe in Form von, zum Beispiel einer Durchsage, einer graphischen Anzeige etc. und deren Kombination verwendet werden. Für beide Signalisierungsarten können unterschiedliche Auslöse-Bedingungen konfiguriert werden. Diese Bedingungen werden allgemein in Form einer Tabelle, einer Datenbank etc. bei der Gefahrenmeldezentrale gespeichert. Als Bedingung kann zum Beispiel die Verzögerungszeit, meist in Minuten, zur Auslösung des Warnsignals bzw. des Evakuierungssignals verwendet werden. Eine weitere Bedingung könnte sein, dass das Umschalten vom Warnsignal zum Evakuierungssignal in einer Sektion definiert wird. Die Verzögerungszeit kann dabei vom Gefahren- Ereignisort abhängig gemacht werden. Die definierten Auslösebedingungen sind jeweils ODER-verknüpft (für das Warnsignal und das Evakuierungssignal jeweils separat), d. h. die Auslösung findet statt, wenn mindestens eine der definierten Bedingungen erfüllt ist. Sowohl dem Evakuierungssignal als auch dem Warnsignal kann eine Priorität zugeordnet werden. Meist wird dabei dem Evakuierungssignal eine höhere Priorität zugeordnet und hat dementsprechend bei gleichzeitiger Erfüllung gegenüber dem Warnsignal Vorrang. Mit der Gefahrenmeldezentrale sind Alarmsignalisierungseinheiten verbunden, welche je nach Typ in der Lage sind, nur bei einem Warnsignal bzw. einem Evakuierungssignal oder bei Umschaltung zur Laufzeit aktiv zu werden. Dadurch können alle üblichen Alarmierungsgeräte wie zum Beispiel konventionelle Hörner mit am Hörn einstellbaren Tonsequenzen, Hörner, deren Tonsequenzen mittels eines Computerprogramms veränderbar sind, Hörner mit mittels Software konfigurierbaren Tonsequenzen und Umschaltung zur Laufzeit, Ansageneinheiten wie etwa Lautsprecher etc., Alarmglocken, Blitzleuchten, Laufbänder etc. eingesetzt werden. Auch über das Kommunikationsnetz können Computer und Telefone derart angesteuert werden, dass sie ein Warn- bzw. Evakuierungssignal ausgeben. Selbstverständlich könnten auch Türöffnersysteme, Überwachungskameras etc. zur sicheren Durchführung der Evakuierung herangezogen werden. Die Erstellung und die Steuerung eines Evakuierungsplans geschehen bei einer aufgetretenen Gefahr vollautomatisch. Im Bedarfsfall kann jedoch eine manuelle Unterbrechung stattfinden. Die Unterbrechung kann an der Gefahren- meldezentrale direkt oder an einem verbundenen Bedienteil vorgenommen werden.A core of the invention is to be seen in that for the evacuation of a sectioned building a security alarm center is used, which is connected to at least one danger detecting danger detector. A section is a floor, a part of a floor, a building, a part-building, a section of a building or complex of buildings to understand. The danger control center prepares an evacuation plan for the sections of the building according to the location of the hazard detected by the danger detector, the data received concerning the danger and at least one stored condition. An evacuation plan, for example, is understood as the timing of an evacuation. Thereafter, at least one alarm signaling unit in a section in response to the evacuation plan is sent a request to send out either a warning signal or an evacuation signal. This call may be a communication network ¬ for example, a signaling message. This type of dynamic evacuation is a functionality for the timed control of alarm signaling units. The processing or the evaluation of the data and the creation of the evacuation plan are done individually and thus lead to an optimal and safe evacuation of the building. In the signaling basically two successive phases or alarm types, namely a warning signal and an evacuation signal is used. Of course, other signals, such as an escape route information in the form of, for example, an announcement, a graphic display, etc. and their combination could be used according to the invention. For both types of signaling can different trigger conditions are configured. These conditions are generally stored in the form of a table, a database, etc. at the hazard control center. As a condition, for example, the delay time, usually in minutes, are used to trigger the warning signal or the evacuation signal. Another condition could be that the switching from the warning signal to the evacuation signal is defined in a section. The delay time can be made dependent on the hazard event location. The defined triggering conditions are respectively OR-linked (for the warning signal and the evacuation signal separately), ie the triggering takes place if at least one of the defined conditions is fulfilled. Both the evacuation signal and the warning signal can be assigned a priority. Usually, the evacuation signal is assigned a higher priority and accordingly has priority over simultaneous fulfillment of the warning signal. Alarm signaling units are connected to the alarm panel which, depending on the type, are able to become active only in the case of a warning signal or an evacuation signal or when switching over at runtime. As a result, all conventional alarm devices such as conventional horns with tunable sound sequences, horns whose sound sequences can be changed by means of a computer program, horns with software configurable sound sequences and switching at runtime, announcement units such as speakers, etc., alarm bells, flashing lights, treadmills, etc . are used. Computers and telephones can also be controlled via the communication network in such a way that they issue a warning or evacuation signal. Of course, door opener systems, surveillance cameras, etc. could be used to safely carry out the evacuation. The Creation and control of an evacuation plan are done automatically in the event of a hazard. If necessary, however, a manual interruption can take place. The interruption can be made directly at the alarm center or at a connected control panel.
Ein großer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass abhängig vom Gefahren-Ereignisort dynamisch ein optimaler Evakuierungsplan erstellt werden kann. Dies bedeutet, dass den im Gebäude eingeschlossenen Menschen ein sicherer, vom Gefahren-Ereignisort wegweisender Fluchtweg signalisiert werden kann. Außerdem können durch das Hinzuziehen von Bedingungen Staus zum Beispiel an Türen, in Treppenhäuser etc. und die Panik der betroffenen Menschen im Gebäude weitgehend vermieden werden.A major advantage of the invention is that, depending on the hazard event location, an optimal evacuation plan can be dynamically created. This means that the people trapped in the building can be signaled a safe escape route pointing away from the danger event location. In addition, by including conditions, congestion on, for example, doors, in staircases, etc., and the panic of the people in the building can be largely avoided.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in einer Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Dabei zeigenThe invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in a figure. Show
Figur 1 eine vereinfachte Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen EvakuierungsSystems, Figur 2 einen typischen Evakuierungsplan für eine detektierte Gefahr im dritten Stock, Figur 3 eine erfindungsgemäße Gefahrenmeldezentrale .1 shows a simplified illustration of an evacuation system according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a typical evacuation plan for a detected danger on the third floor, FIG. 3 shows an alarm center according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt eine vereinfachte Darstellung eines erfindungsgemässen Evakuierungssystems in einem Gebäude. Ein Gefahrenmelder GM, zum Beispiel in einem Raum in einer Sektion, detektiert eine Gefahr, zum Beispiel einen Brand und meldet diese Gefahr an die Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ weiter. Von weiteren Einheiten HW des Gebäudes, beispielsweise über digitale Eingänge der Gefahrenmeldezentrale können zur Auswertung der Gefahr Parameter an die Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ übermittelt werden. Auch kann über derartige digitale Eingänge der Evakuierungsplan manuell gesteuert bzw. gestoppt werden. Die Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ wertet die vom Gefahrenmelder GM erhaltenen Daten betreffend die Gefahr aus und erstellt in Abhängigkeit mit dem Ort des Gefahren- Ereignisortes und mindestens einer in der Gefahrenmelde- zentrale GMZ gespeicherten Bedingung einen Evakuierungsplan für das mehrstöckige Gebäude. Dadurch kann ein individuell auf die Gefahr angepasster Evakuierungsplan erzeugt werden und somit ist es möglich die im Gebäude eingeschlossenen Menschen schnell, effizient und weitgehend ohne Panik zu evakuieren. Zum Umsetzen des Evakuierungsplans werden Aufforderungen zum Aussenden eines Signals an mindestens eine Alarmsignalisierungseinheit ASE einer Sektion von der Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ gesandt. Solche Aufforderungen können allgemein Signalisierungsnachrichten eines Kommunikationsnetzes sein. Die zu verwendenden Signalisierungsnachrichten hängen vom verwendeten Netzprotokoll ab und sind generell beliebig wählbar. Die mindestens eine Alarmsignalisierungseinheit ASE erhält nun zumindest eine Aufforderung zum Aussenden eines Warnsignals oder eines Evakuierungssignals. Selbstverständlich ist es erfindungsgemäß denkbar, dass weitere Signale, also Tonsequenzen zur Alarmsignalisierung verwendet werden. Alarmsignalisierungseinheiten wie Ansageneinheiten, graphische Anzeigen, Laufbänder etc. können ebenfalls eine Aufforderung zur Signalisierung der Gefahr und zur Steuerung der Evakuierung von der Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ erhalten. Sogar Türöffnersysteme, Überwachungskameras und andere Einheiten HW können zur Steuerung der Evakuierung verwendet werden. Derartige Möglichkeiten werden als Bedingungen bei der Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ gespeichert. Dabei wird als Speichereinheit meist eine Tabelle, eine Datenbank oder Ähnliches verwendet. Als weitere Bedingung kann die Verzögerungszeit für das Aussenden eines Warnsignals oder eines Evakuierungssignals in einer Sektion definiert sein. Die Verzögerungszeit kann dabei von der Entfernung vom Gefahren-Ereignisort abhängen. Auch kann die Verzögerungszeit zum Umschalten, also zum Wechsel vom Warnsignal zum Evakuierungssignal hierdurch definiert werden. Noch eine weitere Bedingung könnte lauten, dass den einzelnen Signalen eine Priorität und eine dazugehörige Vorschrift zugeordnet werden. Sollte zum Beispiel eine Alarmsignalisierungseinheit ASE aufgefordert werden, dass (ASE) sie gleichzeitig sowohl das Warnsignal als auch das Evakuierungssignal aussenden soll, dann könnte aufgrund der Prioritätsbedingung nur das Signal mit der höheren Priorität, zum Beispiel das Evakuierungssignal, ausgesandt werden müssen. Selbstverständlich können auch Bedingungen bezüglich der Art und den Umfang der Gefahr bestimmt werden. Durch das Evakuierungssystem können somit abhängig vom Ort und weiteren Bedingungen von einer Gefahrenmeldezentrale erstellte Evakuierungspläne vollautomatisch zur Räumung des Gebäudes durchgeführt werden. Jedoch kann es in manchen Situationen sinnvoll sein, dass der Evakuierungsplan manuell gesteuert bzw. unterbrochen werden kann. Hierzu muss sichergestellt sein, dass von einem mit der Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ verbundenen Einheit, zum Beispiel einem Bedienteil, oder an der Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ selbst eine dementsprechende Steuerung bzw. Unterbrechung vorgenommen werden kann.FIG. 1 shows a simplified illustration of an evacuation system according to the invention in a building. A danger detector GM, for example in a room in a section, detects a danger, for example a fire, and forwards this danger to the danger warning center GMZ. From further units HW of the building, for example via digital inputs of the alarm control panel can be to evaluate the risk parameters to the alarm panel GMZ. Also, the evacuation plan can be manually controlled or stopped via such digital inputs. The danger control center GMZ evaluates the data received from the danger detector GM regarding the danger and draws up an evacuation plan for the multi-storey building depending on the location of the danger event location and at least one condition stored in the danger reporting center GMZ. This allows an individual evacuation plan adapted to the danger to be generated and thus it is possible to evacuate the people trapped in the building quickly, efficiently and largely without panic. In order to implement the evacuation plan, prompts to send a signal to at least one alarm signaling unit ASE of a section are sent by the danger reporting center GMZ. Such prompts may generally be signaling messages of a communication network. The signaling messages to be used depend on the network protocol used and are generally arbitrary. The at least one alarm signaling unit ASE now receives at least one request for the transmission of a warning signal or an evacuation signal. Of course, it is conceivable according to the invention that further signals, ie tone sequences, are used for alarm signaling. Alarm signaling units such as announcement units, graphic displays, treadmills, etc. can also receive a request to signal the danger and to control the evacuation from the hazard warning center GMZ. Even door opening systems, security cameras and other HW units can be used to control the evacuation. Such possibilities are stored as conditions at the danger warning center GMZ. The storage unit used is usually a table, a database or the like. As another condition, the Defined delay time for sending a warning signal or an evacuation signal in a section. The delay time may depend on the distance from the hazard event location. Also, the delay time for switching, so the change from the warning signal to the evacuation signal thereby defined. Yet another condition could be that the individual signals are assigned a priority and an associated rule. For example, should an alarm signaling unit ASE be prompted (ASE) to simultaneously transmit both the warning signal and the evacuation signal, then due to the priority condition, only the higher priority signal, such as the evacuation signal, may have to be transmitted. Of course, conditions regarding the nature and extent of the hazard can also be determined. Thus, depending on the location and other conditions, the evacuation system can be used to automatically evacuate evacuation plans created by a danger control center. However, in some situations it may be useful for the evacuation plan to be manually controlled or interrupted. For this purpose, it must be ensured that a corresponding control or interruption can be made by a unit connected to the security control panel GMZ, for example a control panel, or at the danger control panel GMZ itself.
Figur 2 zeigt einen typischen Evakuierungsplan für eine detektierte Gefahr im dritten Stock. Die Erstellung eines Evakuierungsplanes erfolgt gemäß Fig. 1. Die Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ sendet zu jeder Alarmsignalisierungseinheit ASE des gesamten Gebäudes eine Aufforderung zum Aussenden eines Warnsignals mit der Verzögerungszeit 0 Minuten, also sofort. Zum Evakuieren der einzelnen Sektionen wird vom Warnsignal zum Evakuierungssignal umgeschaltet. Die Umschaltung bzw. der Wechsel geschieht auf dem Stockwerk zeitverzögert. Im dritten und vierten Stock, im Keller und unterm Dach soll zum Beispiel sofort, also mit der Verzögerungszeit 0 Minuten, die Evakuierung eingeleitet werden. Im achten Stock wird dagegen das Evakuierungssignal erst in 20 Minuten verzögert ertönen. Dadurch ist es möglich den Fluss flüchtender Menschen zu regulieren und zu steuern. In diesem Beispiel wird angenommen, dass das Evakuierungssignal eine höhere Priorität hat als das Alarmsignal. Soll das Evakuierungssignal also ausgesendet werden, wird das Warnsignal auf dem betreffenden Stockwerk ausgeschaltet.Figure 2 shows a typical evacuation plan for a detected hazard on the third floor. The creation of an evacuation plan is carried out according to FIG. 1. The danger control center GMZ sends to each alarm signaling unit ASE of the entire building a request to send a warning signal with the delay time 0 minutes, ie immediately. To evacuate the individual sections is switched from the warning signal to the evacuation signal. The changeover or the change takes place on the floor with a time delay. On the third and fourth floor, in the basement and under the roof, for example, the evacuation should be initiated immediately, ie with the delay time 0 minutes. On the eighth floor, on the other hand, the evacuation signal will only sound delayed in 20 minutes. This makes it possible to regulate and control the flow of fleeing people. In this example, it is assumed that the evacuation signal has a higher priority than the alarm signal. If the evacuation signal is therefore sent out, the warning signal is switched off on the relevant floor.
Figur 3 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ zum Durchführen des Verfahrens gemäß Fig. 1. Die Gefahrenmeldezentrale GMZ weist eine Empfangseinheit E, eine Verarbeitungseinheit V und eine Sendeeinheit S auf. FIG. 3 shows a hazard warning center GMZ according to the invention for carrying out the method according to FIG. 1. The danger warning center GMZ has a receiving unit E, a processing unit V and a transmitting unit S.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07704299A EP2002406B8 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-01 | Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections |
PL07704299T PL2002406T3 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-01 | Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06110555A EP1830330A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2006-03-01 | Escape routing method for buildings |
EP07704299A EP2002406B8 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-01 | Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections |
PCT/EP2007/050978 WO2007099015A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-01 | Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2002406A1 true EP2002406A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 |
EP2002406B1 EP2002406B1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
EP2002406B8 EP2002406B8 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06110555A Withdrawn EP1830330A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2006-03-01 | Escape routing method for buildings |
EP07704299A Not-in-force EP2002406B8 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2007-02-01 | Method for evacuating buildings divided into sections |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP06110555A Withdrawn EP1830330A1 (en) | 2006-03-01 | 2006-03-01 | Escape routing method for buildings |
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EP (2) | EP1830330A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101395641A (en) |
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BR (1) | BRPI0708413B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2644511C (en) |
DE (1) | DE502007004648D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2350172T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2002406T3 (en) |
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US8102799B2 (en) * | 2006-10-16 | 2012-01-24 | Assa Abloy Hospitality, Inc. | Centralized wireless network for multi-room large properties |
DE102007061754A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Elektro Grundler Ges.M.B.H. & Co. Kg | Evacuation device and escape route indicator for this |
GB2474007A (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2011-04-06 | Simon R Daniel | Communication in and monitoring of a disaster area, optionally including a disaster medical pack |
DE102011083023A1 (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-03-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Evacuation system for planning escape routes in a building, procedures and computer program |
US10001791B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-06-19 | Assa Abloy Ab | Setback controls based on out-of-room presence information obtained from mobile devices |
US10050948B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2018-08-14 | Assa Abloy Ab | Presence-based credential updating |
CN102903213B (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2016-04-13 | Tcl集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fire disaster escaping assistance system and escape assisted method thereof |
US10194280B2 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-01-29 | Tresit Group, LLC | System and method for integrated emergency notification |
JP6919655B2 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2021-08-18 | 日本電気株式会社 | Evacuation guidance system and evacuation guidance method |
WO2018160961A1 (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2018-09-07 | Carrier Kältetechnik Deutschland Gmbh | Building evacuation support tool |
US11194460B2 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2021-12-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for commissioning a security system |
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GB8912559D0 (en) | 1989-06-01 | 1989-07-19 | Emi Plc Thorn | Improvements in or relating to personnel safety arrangements |
AU4711201A (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-07-03 | Science Applications International Corporation | Rapid fire emergency response for minimizing human casualities within a facility |
US6809642B1 (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2004-10-26 | Robert Harry Brenner | Evacuation warning system for computer local area networks |
US6317042B1 (en) * | 2000-05-01 | 2001-11-13 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Automated emergency announcement system |
US6778071B2 (en) * | 2002-08-21 | 2004-08-17 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Adaptive escape routing system |
-
2006
- 2006-03-01 EP EP06110555A patent/EP1830330A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-02-01 PL PL07704299T patent/PL2002406T3/en unknown
- 2007-02-01 AT AT07704299T patent/ATE476728T1/en active
- 2007-02-01 US US12/281,456 patent/US7948368B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-01 EP EP07704299A patent/EP2002406B8/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-02-01 CA CA2644511A patent/CA2644511C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-02-01 WO PCT/EP2007/050978 patent/WO2007099015A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-02-01 ES ES07704299T patent/ES2350172T3/en active Active
- 2007-02-01 DE DE502007004648T patent/DE502007004648D1/en active Active
- 2007-02-01 CN CNA2007800074395A patent/CN101395641A/en active Pending
- 2007-02-01 BR BRPI0708413-7A patent/BRPI0708413B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2007099015A1 * |
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ATE476728T1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
BRPI0708413B1 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
US7948368B2 (en) | 2011-05-24 |
EP2002406B1 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
DE502007004648D1 (en) | 2010-09-16 |
WO2007099015A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
BRPI0708413A2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
CN101395641A (en) | 2009-03-25 |
EP1830330A1 (en) | 2007-09-05 |
US20090040038A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
PL2002406T3 (en) | 2011-02-28 |
ES2350172T3 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
CA2644511A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
EP2002406B8 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
CA2644511C (en) | 2014-05-27 |
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