EP2049281B1 - Method and device for explosion forming - Google Patents

Abstract

With the invention, a method and a device for explosive forming of work pieces, in which at least one work piece is arranged in at least one die and there deformed by means of an explosive to be ignited, is to be improved, in that an ignition mechanism that is technically easy to handle is produced with the shortest possible setup times, which permits the most precise possible ignition of the explosive with time-repeatable accuracy. This task is solved by a method and device, in which at least one work piece is arranged in at least one die and deformed there by means of an explosive being ignited, in which the explosive is ignited by means of at least one energy beam.

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for explosion forming with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and 7, respectively.

In explosive forming, a workpiece is placed in a tool and ignited by igniting an explosive substance, e.g. of a gas mixture, reshaped. As a rule, the explosive substance is introduced into the tool and ignited here as well. There are two problems. On the one hand, the tool or the ignition mechanism must be suitable for triggering the explosion targeted and withstand the high loads occurring during the explosion, on the other hand, repeatable good forming results in the shortest possible set-up times can be achieved.

At one of the EP 0 830 907 known method for deforming hollow bodies, such as cans, the hollow body is placed in a tool and the upper opening of the hollow body sealed with a stopper. Via a line in the plug, an explosive gas is introduced into the cavity, which is then ignited via a plug arranged in the spark plug.

At one in the US 3,342,048 described method, a workpiece to be deformed is also arranged in a tool and filled with an explosive gas mixture. The ignition takes place here by means of explosive mercury and a heating or glow wire Both methods are particularly suitable for the production of individual parts and could not prevail in practice for mass production.

The DE 29 08 561 A1 describes a method in which an explosive in with a suitable. Energy transfer means provided or filled workpiece is inserted without any igniter. The covering of the explosive is done so that one for a laser beam overcome space is created. After closing the die and damaging the workpiece openings, the explosive is ignited by means of a laser beam.

The US 3, 742, 746 describes an apparatus for improved reshaping with reduced electrode consumption by igniting an explosive mixture above a liquid. The liquid is applied to a membrane, which is stretched over the lower end of a chamber. As the mixture explodes, the pressure is passed through the membrane to reshape a workpiece into a die.

The US Pat. No. 3,661,004 discloses a rupture-resistant piston and an explosive insert disposed therein for deforming a tube. In this case, an explosive charge is arranged in the piston and a transfer agent such. Gum, is placed over the piston to form the insert. The insert is inserted into a tube and ignited the explosion charge, whereby the tube against a sleeve or a. Form is deformed.

The invention has for its object to improve a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned in that a technically easy-to-handle ignition mechanism with low makeready arises, which allows the most accurate ignition of the explosive substance with repeatable accuracy.

This object is achieved according to the invention with a method having the features of claim 1.

Ignition by means of an energy beam allows the explosion in the tool to be well controlled. The energy beam is relatively precisely positioned on a firing point, from which the explosion is expected. Also, the amount of energy supplied to the explosive by the energy beam is easily adjustable. In addition, the energy beam and thus the explosion is also relatively precisely timed controllable. The above factors make it easy to control the explosion and its course within the tool. Thus, a good predictability and repeatability of the forming result is possible.

The energy beam can be generated with the help of a laser. A laser beam is easy to control in terms of temporal and local accuracy.

Conveniently, the energy beam from an energy source with the aid of a deflection arrangement can be passed to at least one ignition point. In this way, the energy beam can be quickly and technically easily guided to the desired locations in the room, despite the possibility of a stationary energy beam generator.

The energy beam may be directed from an energy source by means of a mirror arrangement to at least one ignition point. The mirror arrangement is particularly suitable for energy beams in the form of laser beams and offers the above-mentioned advantages of a deflection arrangement.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the explosive can be ignited simultaneously at several points of the device. For example, you can create multiple detonation fronts within a tool. Depending on where the explosive is located within the tool and at which point it is ignited, the course of the detonation fronts can be adapted to the requirements of the forming process. Alternatively, in this process, however, it is also possible to ignite explosives in several tools of the device simultaneously, for example. So several, Also different workpieces are formed almost simultaneously. This helps to shorten the cycle times.

Advantageously, the explosive can be ignited at several points of the device with a time delay. If the time-delayed ignition on a single tool of the device, it can be generated multiple detonation fronts within a tool. The temporal offset allows a tuning of the time course of the individual detonation fronts within the tool. If the staggered ignition of different tools of the device, the energy beam z. B. ignite all the tools of the device sequentially. This helps to shorten the cycle times if the parallel forming processes overlap in time.

In principle, any combination of simultaneous and time-delayed ignition of one and / or more tools of the device are possible. This makes it easy to adapt the process to different production requirements. The basic idea of controlling the propagation of detonation fronts via a time-variable ignition at one or more points of the tool and thus influencing the forming result, would also be independent of the type of ignition, whether with energy beam or otherwise, feasible.

In a favorable embodiment of the invention, multiple detonation fronts can be created within a tool. As a result, and in particular by the timing of the course of the detonation fronts, a good forming result can be achieved.

Advantageously, at least one respective detonation front can be generated within several tools of the device. Thus, the effectiveness of an ignition device with energy beam can be increased.

The energy beam can be introduced into an ignition tube of the tool. Thus, a part of the tool, namely the ignition tube, can be adapted to the special requirements of the ignition and explosion process.

The energy beam can enter the explosion space through a transparent medium. This is technically well feasible and ensures a good impact of the energy beam on the explosive. An energy jet generator can thus be placed outside the tool and is largely protected from the direct effects of the explosion inside the tool.

The object is also achieved by the features of claim 7.

The energy beam ensures good ignition of the explosive. It is technically easy to produce and can overcome distances quickly. As a result, the explosive can be ignited with good timing accuracy.

The energy beam generator may comprise a laser. The laser represents a technically simple possibility of energy beam generation. It offers a well-bundled and thus easily positionable energy or laser beam with adjustable amount of energy.

Conveniently, the tool may have at least one point of introduction, which is permeable to the energy beam. Thus, the energy beam can penetrate into the tool and ignite the explosive contained therein. The energy jet generator can be arranged outside the tool and thus largely protected from the direct effects of the explosion.

In a variant of the invention, the point of introduction can have at least one transparent medium. This is particularly suitable for laser beams. It ensures a good transmission of the energy beam with relatively little energy loss.

Conveniently, the transparent medium may have a glass insert. Glass is a cheap and easy to process material, which provides the above advantages and is sufficiently resistant to the explosive forces occurring.

The transparent medium or the glass insert may have a thickness in the range of 5 to 15 mm, preferably in the range of 7 to 12 mm and in particular in the range of 9 to 11 mm. This thickness has been in the Practice proven advantageous. It ensures sufficient stability to withstand the requirements of the explosion.

The transparent medium or the glass insert may have an outer diameter of about 5 to 15 mm, preferably 7 to 12 mm and in particular 9 to 11 mm. It has been shown that this outer diameter allows a sufficiently good and fast positioning of the energy beam with at the same time good stability of the medium.

Advantageously, the transparent medium can be lens-like, convex. This allows the energy beam to be well bundled.

In a variant of the invention, the transparent medium may have an approximately quadrangular cross-section. This ensures good stability and good transmission properties.

Advantageously, the transparent medium may have an octagonal cross-section. Depending on the shape of the octagon, the energy beam can be bundled in this way.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the transparent medium may comprise a socket containing copper. It has been found that copper alloys, in particular copper-beryllium alloys, provide sufficiently good stability and good sealing properties for this application.

Conveniently, the transparent medium can be arranged with a seal in the tool, which seals the explosion space from the environment. This protects the environment from explosion and explosion products.

In a variant of the invention, the tool can have a plurality of introduction points. Thus, the explosive can be ignited at several points of the tool simultaneously and / or with a time delay. For example, several detonation fronts can be created in the tool.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, several tools can be provided with at least one introduction point. As a result, several, possibly even different tools of the device can be ignited simultaneously or with a time delay. If the resulting parallel forming processes overlap in time, the efficiency of the device can be increased.

Conveniently, at least one deflection arrangement can be provided in the beam path of the energy beam generator, by means of which the energy beam can be directed to at least one ignition point. This makes the energy beam technically easy, fast and easy to position.

The deflection arrangement may be a mirror arrangement. This is particularly suitable for laser beams and offers the above-mentioned advantages of a deflection arrangement.

The deflecting arrangement can have at least one mirror element that is partially transparent to the energy beam. This makes it technically easy to divide the energy beam into several beams.

Fig. 1

eine Vorrichtung zum Explosionsumformen gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt II-II durch das Werkzeug der Vorrichtung aus Fig. 1,

Fig. 3a

eine Vorrichtung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und

Fig. 3b

eine Vorrichtung gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

Embodiments of the device according to the invention will now be described with reference to the following drawings. Showing:

Fig. 1

an explosion-shaping apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2

a section II-II through the tool of the device Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3a

a device according to a second embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 3b

a device according to a third embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for explosion forming according to a first embodiment of the invention. The device 1 has a tool 2 and an energy beam generator 3.

The tool 2 is in this embodiment of the invention in several parts and has a forming means 4 and an ignition tube 5 on. In the forming 4 a here indicated by a dotted line workpiece 18 is arranged. Inside the ignition tube 5, an ignition chamber 6 is provided. In it there is an explosive 7.

In this embodiment, an explosive gas mixture, explosive gas, is provided as the explosive 7, which can be introduced into the ignition chamber 6 via the connection 8. However, in other embodiments of the invention, other explosive means may also be used in gaseous form. The terminal 8 is then formed according to the respective explosive means.

The energy beam generator 3 can optionally generate an energy beam 12 and in this embodiment is a laser device, which is mounted rotatably about a vertical axis 9 on a foot 10. It is powered via a line 11 with energy and can generate an energy, in this case, a laser beam 12, if necessary.

The wall 13 of the ignition tube 5 has a permeable to the energy beam 12 discharge point 14. In the region of the introduction point 14, a transparent medium 15 is provided, which is at least partially permeable to the energy beam 12. In this embodiment of the invention, the transparent medium 15 has a glass insert 19, which in Fig. 2 is shown in more detail.

The laser device 3 is arranged so that the laser beam 12 can penetrate through the transparent medium 15 into the ignition chamber 6 of the ignition tube 5. As a result, the explosive 7 is ignited in the ignition chamber 6.

Optionally, the tool 2 of the device 1 can also have a plurality of introduction points 14 for the energy beam 12 or ignition points. The device 1 can, as dashed lines here is shown, for example, a further ignition tube 5 ', which is formed in this embodiment analogous to the first ignition tube 5. Accordingly, it also has an ignition chamber 6 'filled with an ignition means 7, a transparent medium 15' and a connection 8 '.

By rotating the laser device 3 about the vertical axis 9, the laser device 3 can be brought from its first position 16, in which the laser beam 12 enters the ignition chamber 6 of the first ignition tube 5, in a second position 17, in which the laser beam 12 through the transparent medium 15 'in the ignition chamber 6' of the second ignition tube 5 'falls, as in Fig. 1 shown in dashed lines. Thus, the ignition means 7 in the ignition tubes 5, 5 ', for example, be ignited successively by the laser device 3.

The workpiece 18 may be arranged in this case, for example between the two ignition tubes 5, 5 ', as in Fig. 1 indicated by a dotted and a dashed line.

Fig. 2 shows a section II-II through the energy beam 12 permeable inlet point 14 of the ignition tube 5. The in Fig. 2 Reference numerals used denote the same parts as in FIG Fig. 1 , so in this regard to the description of the Fig. 1 is referenced.

The transparent medium 15 in this embodiment of the invention has a round glass insert 19 with a quadrangular cross-section. The outer diameter and the thickness of the glass insert are approximately equal. In this embodiment, the diameter as well as the thickness of the glass insert 19 is 10 mm.

However, in other embodiments of the invention, this ratio may vary significantly. The dimensions of the glass insert and its external shape can be adapted to the particular application. For example, the cross section through the glass body can also be octagonal. In addition, the ignition chamber-side surface 20 and / or its opposite surface 21 of the glass insert 19 may be curved so that an approximately lens-like shape of the glass insert 19 results. Also, the material of the insert 19 may vary depending on the application. If, as here, a laser used as an energy beam generator, for example, pressure and heat resistant, yet translucent plastics are conceivable.

The transparent medium 15 also has a socket 22 in which the glass insert 19 is arranged. The socket 22 is made in this embodiment of the invention from a copper-beryllium alloy. This is stable and holds the dynamic, abruptly occurring relatively high loads from the explosion well. Alternatively, however, the socket 22 may be made of a different copper alloy or any other material which will withstand the high explosive loads. Its wall 23 has an L-like cross-section. The inner contour of the socket 22 corresponds approximately to the outer dimensions of the glass insert 19th

The transparent medium 15 is arranged with a seal 24 in the ignition tube 5, which seals the ignition chamber 6 in the interior of the ignition tube 5 from the environment. The wall 13 of the ignition tube 5 and the socket 22 form a press fit.

Although the structure of the device according to the invention is described here with reference to a single tool, the device 1 in other embodiments of the invention may also comprise a plurality of tools 2, as in FIGS Fig. 3a . 3b exemplified.

The Fig. 3a and 3b show possible embodiments of a device according to the invention with a plurality of tools. The tools 2a to 2d correspond to the in Fig. 1 shown and described tool 2. The Fig. 3a and 3b merely show different possibilities to realize such a device. The invention is by no means limited to the embodiments shown in these figures. Rather, those in the Fig. 3a and 3b shown operating principles in any way, depending on the application also combined.

Fig. 3a shows a schematic representation of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention. In the Fig. 3a used reference numerals denote the same parts as in the Fig. 1 and 2 , so in this regard to the description of the Fig. 1 and 2 is referenced. In the Fig. 3a shown device 1 has a plurality of tools 2 and a plurality of energy beam generators or laser devices 3. The training of these devices corresponds to that in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown training, multiple occurring, same components are therefore provided with the addition a, b, etc.

The device 1 here has four tools 2a to 2d and four laser devices 3a to 3d. The tools 2a to 2d are arranged approximately on a dotted circle 30 indicated here. Also, the laser devices 3a to 3d are arranged approximately on a circle 31, which lies approximately concentrically within the circle 30. The laser devices 3a to 3d are arranged in relation to the tools 2a to 2d so that each one of the laser beams 12a to 12d penetrate through the transparent medium 15 each one of the tools 3a to 3d in the ignition chamber 6a to 6d and there ignite the explosive 7 can.

Alternatively, at the in Fig. 3a selected arrangement, the two laser devices 3a and 3b are replaced by a single, here shown in phantom laser device, which analog Fig. 1 is mounted rotatably about its vertical axis 9. By rotating about the axis 9, this laser device could occupy both the position of the laser device 3a and the position of the laser device 3b. The same applies to the laser devices 3c and 3d, which are likewise replaceable by a single laser device rotatable about the vertical axis 9.

Fig. 3b shows a schematic representation of a device according to a third embodiment of the invention. The in the Fig. 1 and 2 Reference numerals used denote the same parts as in FIG Fig. 3b , so in this regard to the description of the Fig. 1 and 2 is referenced. In the Fig. 3a shown device 1 has a plurality of tools 2 and energy or laser beam generator 3. The formation of the individual tools 2a to 2d and the energy beam generator 3 corresponds to that in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown tool 2 and energy beam generator. 3

The device 1 here additionally has a deflection arrangement 25 for the energy or laser beam 12. In this case, the deflection arrangement 25 is a mirror arrangement. It has a central, polyhedron-like element 27 and a plurality, in this case three, further mirror elements 28. The surfaces of the central element 27 also have mirrors 29. In this embodiment of the invention, four surfaces of the central element 27 are provided with mirrors 29. At least one of the mirrors 29 may be partially transparent to the energy or laser beam 12. Here are three of the mirror 29 partially transparent. A partially transmissive mirror 29 reflects a predetermined part of the laser light or beam 12 impinging on it. The remaining part of the laser beam 12 passes through almost unchanged the partially transmissive mirror. Thus, the laser beam 12 emitted from the laser device 3 can be split.

The central, polyhedron-like element 27 is rotatable about its vertical axis 33, arranged approximately in the center of a circle 26 indicated dotted, while the mirror elements 28 are arranged approximately on the circle 26. The mirror elements 28 are rotatably mounted about their respective vertical axis 32. The individual parts 27, 28, 29 of the mirror assembly 25 are arranged in relation to the laser device 3 and the tools 2a to 2d so that the laser beam 12 depending on the orientation of the mirror 28 and 29 optionally through the transparent medium 15 of the tools 2a until 2d is conducted to an ignition point in the respective ignition chamber 6a to 6d.

Although the deflection or mirror arrangement 25 is shown and described here with a central, polyhedron-like element 27 and a plurality of mirror elements 28, the deflection arrangement 25 can also be designed completely differently in other embodiments of the invention. The number and position of the mirror elements 28 may vary depending on the application. The individual elements 27, 28, 29 of the deflection arrangement 25 also do not necessarily have to be arranged on or inside a circle 26, as shown here. The central element 27, which here is polyhedron-shaped, may also have another, e.g. have disc-like shape or omitted altogether. In addition, the individual elements 27, 28, 29 of the deflection arrangement 25 can also be tilted relative to one another. Thus, for example, the height of the laser beam 12 above the ground on which the device stands varies. For this purpose, the individual elements 27, 28, 29 of the deflection assembly 25 may be provided with rotary and / or ball joints. In practice, other embodiments of the deflection assembly 25 are conceivable. Thus, the laser beam 12 may be e.g. also be guided by means of one or more glass fiber elements to one or more discharge points 14 in a tool 3. The arrangement and design of the individual tools 2a to 2d may differ from the one shown here and vary depending on the application.

The following is the operation of the in the Fig. 1 to 3b illustrated embodiments explained.

The functionality is based on the Fig. 1 and 2 first described for a device with a tool and an energy jet generator. The energy jet generator or the laser device 3 of the device 1 in FIG Fig. 1 is positioned so that the laser beam 12 can fall through the transparent medium 15 in the wall 13 of the ignition tube 5 in the ignition chamber 6.

Subsequently, the tool 2, in this case the ignition tube 5 of the tool 2, is filled with the explosive 7. For this purpose, an explosion means, e.g. Oxyhydrogen, passed into the ignition chamber 6 of the ignition tube 5. Has a predetermined amount of the explosive 7 collected in the ignition chamber 5, the terminal 8 is closed.

To ignite the explosive 7, an energy beam, in this case a laser beam 12, is generated in the energy beam generator or the laser device 3. The emanating from the laser device 3 laser beam 12 strikes the transparent medium 15, penetrates this and strikes in the ignition chamber 6 on the explosive 7th

Fig. 2 The laser beam 12 strikes here on the outer surface 21 of the glass insert 19 of the transparent medium 15. Due to the nature and shape of the glass insert 19, the laser beam penetrates the glass insert 19 largely unhindered and without much deflection and occurs on the ignition chamber side Surface 19 again from the glass insert 19 and thus in the ignition chamber 6 of the ignition tube 5 a. There, the laser beam 12 impinges on the explosive 7 and ignites it in the region of the ignition point 36.

Depending on the shape of the glass insert 19, the laser beam 12 can be changed. By a lens-like shaped glass insert 19 with a curved outer surface 21 and / or curved ignition chamber side surface 20, the laser beam 12 can, for example in the case of a convex curvature continue to focus and focus on a specific ignition point. With a concave curvature, however, the laser beam 12 can be spread apart. If the surfaces 20, 21 are inclined relative to one another, as is the case, for example, with a polyhedral or octagonal cross-section, the direction of propagation of the laser beam 12 can be deflected.

In the resulting explosion of the explosive 7 is formed within a short time a relatively large pressure change, which exerts relatively large forces on the ignition tube 5 and the transparent medium 15, and a relatively large increase in temperature. The interface of the transparent medium with the ignition tube 5 is also sealed during this sudden, dynamic loading by the seal 24. The interface between the glass insert 19 and the socket 22 is sealed by the seal 24. This, on the one hand, ensures good pressure build-up in the ignition tube 5 and, on the other hand, protects the environment outside of the tool 2 from the direct effects of the explosion, such as pressure and temperature changes, as well as from potentially harmful explosive products, e.g. Exhaust gases.

The resulting in the explosion pressure or detonation front propagates along the ignition tube 5, so enters the workpiece 18 and presses this into the molding means 4. The detonation front propagates in principle starting from the ignition point 36 from spherical. In this case, this means that a part 34 of the detonation front moves from the ignition point 36 in the direction of the workpiece 18. On the other hand, another part 35 of the detonation front moves away from the workpiece 18, as in FIG Fig. 2 shown. Depending on the design of the ignition tube 5 and the position of the inlet 14 or ignition point 36, the course of this second part 35 of the detonation front can be controlled.

If the ignition tube 5 is designed such that this part of the detonation front is reflected when it has reached the end of the ignition tube 5, it is possible, for example, to generate two detonation fronts 34, 35, which move over the workpiece 18 offset in time. The temporal offset of the two detonation fronts can be controlled via the position of the ignition point 36 or the point of introduction 14 and the shape of the ignition tube 5.

In contrast, the tool 2 has a plurality of introduction 14 and ignition points 36, as in Fig. 1 indicated by dashed lines, the ignition of the explosive 7 can take place at several points of the tool. For this purpose, the laser device 3, after it has delivered a first laser beam 12 into the ignition chamber 6 of the first ignition tube 5 and thus ignited the explosive 7 in the first ignition tube 5, rotated about the vertical axis 9 from a first position 16 to its second position 17. Subsequently, a further laser beam 12 is generated, which through the transparent medium 15 'of the second ignition tube 5' in the second ignition chamber 6 'falls. There he meets the explosive 7 and ignites it. Thus, several, in this case two detonation fronts within a tool can be created.

In addition to the timing of the two laser pulses, the course of the two detonation fronts can be influenced, for example, by the suitable arrangement of the inlet 14 or ignition points 36. In the in Fig. 1 As shown embodiment of the invention, so two detonation fronts arise, which move towards each other and meet at a certain point in the tool 2.

If several ignition points on a tool 2, as in Fig. 1 , or on several tools 2a to 2d, as in the Fig. 3a and 3b , be ignited simultaneously, one can optionally work with multiple laser devices 3 or with only one laser device 3 and a deflection device 25. The operating principle of these two variants of the invention is in the Fig. 3a and 3b illustrated. Depending on the application, it is also possible to use a combination of both options, that is to say a plurality of laser devices 3 and at least one deflection arrangement 25.

The arrangement of the tools 2a to 2d and laser devices 3a to 3d in the Fig. 3a and 3b allows both a simultaneous and a time-delayed ignition of the explosive in the individual tools 2a to 2d.

For simultaneous ignition will be in Fig. 3a in all four laser devices 3a to 3d simultaneously generated laser beams 12a to 12d, which penetrate approximately simultaneously through the respective transparent media 15a to 15d in the ignition chambers 6a to 6d of the respective tools 3a to 3d and there ignite the explosive 7.

In Fig. 3b In contrast, only a laser beam 12 is generated, which is so divided and deflected over the deflecting or mirror assembly 25 that it penetrates approximately simultaneously through the transparent media 15a to 15d in the ignition tubes 5a to 5d of the respective tools 2a to 2d and there the Explosive 7 ignited.

Thus, in each of the tools 3a to 3d at least at the same time at least one detonation front, as already described Fig. 1 explained.

For the delayed ignition is in Fig. 3a delayed in the laser devices 3a to 3d, for example, one after the other, each generates a laser beam 12a to 12d. These then also meet successively in the ignition chambers 6a to 6d of the respective tools 2a to 2d and ignite the explosive means 7a to 7d in the tools 2a to 2d in succession. That is, first the explosive 7a in tool 2a, then the explosive 7b in tool 2b, etc. The temporal offset between the generation of the laser beams 12a to 12d is arbitrary selectable. For example, the laser beams 12a and 12b can be simultaneously generated, while the laser beams 12c and 12d are connected in time. In principle, any combinations are conceivable.

In Fig. 3b There are several ways to ignite the explosive 7 in the tools 2a to 2d with a time delay. On the one hand, the laser device 3 can successively generate a plurality of laser beams 12. Between the generation of the individual laser beams, the position of the individual elements 27, 28, 29 of the deflection arrangement relative to each other and / or the position of the laser device 3 is changed so that the laser beam 12 successively through the transparent medium 15a to 15d of another tool 3a to 3d penetrates and so ignites the explosive 7a to 7d.

Alternatively, the laser device 3 can generate a continuous laser beam 12, which is deflected by means of the deflection arrangement 25 into the ignition chamber 6a of the first tool 2a and ignites the explosive there. If now also the explosive in the tool 2b are ignited, the position of the individual elements 27, 28, 29 of the deflection assembly 25 to each other and / or the position of the laser device 3 is changed so that the laser beam 12 through the transparent medium 15b in the ignition chamber 6b falls. The procedure is similar for the ignition of the explosive in the tools 2c and 2d.

If several, eg two, tools are to be ignited simultaneously as well, partially transparent deflecting elements, in this case partially transparent mirror elements, can be used for the energy beam 12. These allow only a portion of the laser beam 12 to be deflected while the remainder of the laser beam maintains its original direction. Thus, the laser beam 12 can be directed to an ignition point, for example in the tool 2a, in order to ignite the explosive 7 there. With the help of a partially transparent mirror element, a part of the laser beam 12 can be simultaneously directed to another ignition point, for example in the tool 2b, and there also ignite the explosive.

Claims (15)

1. Method for explosion forming workpieces, wherein at least one workpiece (18) being arranged in at least one forming means (4) of a tool (2) and being formed at that location using an explosion means (7) which is to be ignited, the explosion means (7) being ignited by means of at least one energy beam (12), characterised in that the explosion means is gaseous and is provided at least partially in an ignition tube(5), which is separate from the forming means (4), of the tool (2) and the detonation front which is generated during the explosion, propagates within the explosion means (7) along the ignition tube (5) to the forming means (4) and into the workpiece (18).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the energy beam (12) is directed from an energy source (3) to at least one ignition location (36) using a redirection arrangement (25).
3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the explosion means (7) is ignited at several locations of the device (1) at the same time.
4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the explosion means (7) is ignited at several locations of the device (1) in a time-delayed manner.
5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that multiple detonation fronts (34, 35) are generated within a tool (2).
6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one detonation front (34) is generated within each of a multiple of tools (2a to 2d) of the device (1).
7. Device (1) for explosion forming, in particular for carrying out the method according to claim 1, wherein at least one workpiece (18) can be arranged in at least one forming means (4) of a tool (2) and can be formed using an explosion means (7) which is to be ignited, there being provided at least one energy beam generating device (3), the explosion means (7) can be ignited by means of an energy beam (12) of the energy beam generating device (3), characterised in that the explosion means is gaseous and is provided at least partially in an ignition pipe (5), which is separate from the forming means (4), of the tool (2) so that a detonation front which is generated during the explosion, can propagate along the ignition tube (5) to the forming means (4) and into the workpiece (18).
8. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterised in that the tool (2) has at least one introduction location (14) which is permeable to the energy beam (12).
9. Device (1) according to claim 8, characterised in that the introduction location (14) has at least one transparent medium (15).
10. Device (1) according to claim 9, characterised in that the transparent medium (15) is shaped in a lenticular, convex manner.
11. Device (1) according to either claim 9 or claim 10, characterised in that the transparent medium (15) has a holder (22) which contains copper.
12. Device (1) according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterised in that the transparent medium (15) is arranged in the tool (2) with a seal (24) which seals the explosion space (6) with respect to the environment.
13. Device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the tool (2) has multiple introduction locations (14).
14. Device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 13, characterised in that multiple tools (2) are each provided with at least one introduction location (14).
15. Device (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterised in that there is provided in the beam path of the energy beam generating device (3), at least one redirection arrangement (25), by means of which the energy beam (12) can be directed to at least one ignition location (36).

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