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EP1987531B1 - Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec ampoule de décharge en céramique - Google Patents

Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec ampoule de décharge en céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1987531B1
EP1987531B1 EP07726370A EP07726370A EP1987531B1 EP 1987531 B1 EP1987531 B1 EP 1987531B1 EP 07726370 A EP07726370 A EP 07726370A EP 07726370 A EP07726370 A EP 07726370A EP 1987531 B1 EP1987531 B1 EP 1987531B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diameter
electrode
discharge lamp
pressure discharge
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07726370A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1987531A1 (fr
Inventor
Dieter Trypke
Wolfram Graser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Osram GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram GmbH filed Critical Osram GmbH
Publication of EP1987531A1 publication Critical patent/EP1987531A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1987531B1 publication Critical patent/EP1987531B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a high-pressure discharge lamp with a ceramic discharge vessel according to the preamble of claim 1. It can be high-pressure discharge lamps, as used in particular for general lighting.
  • a metal halide lamp in which the dead volume in the ceramic discharge vessel, which has a capillary for receiving the leadthrough, is reduced by the fact that a tungsten electrode has a very long shaft which extends into the capillary.
  • the relatively thin shaft is encased with a sleeve which is adapted to the inner diameter of the capillary.
  • the invention describes an electrode system for HID AC lamps, consisting of a W electrode, which consists of a rotationally symmetrical body and is divided into two parts with different diameters, such as an attached thereto implementation, which is arranged in a capillary.
  • the invention reduces the dead volume in the capillary very reliably and with high accuracy.
  • the electrode Preferably, there is a welded joint between the electrode and the bushing. This is brought to an uncritical temperature by the length of the electrode, which projects far into the capillary. This reduces the risk of breakage or kinking of the electrode due to temperature influences.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp with a ceramic discharge vessel in which two electrodes and a light-emitting filling are contained, wherein at the ends of the discharge vessel capillaries sit, in which passages are sealed, which are each connected to an electrode made of tungsten.
  • the electrode is pin-shaped and made up of two parts of different diameter, wherein the first part with a given diameter D1 forms the electrode tip and the second part with a diameter D2 sits in the capillary, wherein the diameter D2 of the second part at least 108% the total length L of the electrode is divided between the first part with a partial length L1 and the second part with a partial length L2, that L2 constitutes about 30 to 70% of the total length L, and wherein the beginning of the maximum diameter D2 coincides with the beginning of the capillary or deviates from it by a maximum of 10% of the length L.
  • the diameter D2 of the second part is at least 95% of the inner diameter ID of the capillary, so that the dead volume is minimized.
  • the second part is connected to the passage through a weld. It is also recommended that the diameter of the bushing be at least 10% exactly the diameter of the second part.
  • the transition between D1 and D2 can be made abruptly by means of a step, but it can also be beveled, so that a gradual transition arises.
  • the diameter D2 should not exceed 160% of D1, otherwise there will be too much waste.
  • Optimum thermal management can be achieved by providing additional thickening on the first part near the tip.
  • These may be an integral head, or even a coil, which is pushed onto the first part.
  • the integral head since it can be easily made in one operation, which reduces the waste.
  • the maximum diameter of the head is therefore the same as that of the second part.
  • the heat capacity can be adjusted over the length of the head.
  • the diameter of the head, D3, may be between D1 and D2.
  • the electrode and the electrode system is used for high-pressure discharge lamps, the filling of which contains metal halides.
  • the ratio of the diameters of the first and second part of the electrode can now be set very precisely and adjusted in particular so that the second part is closely matched to the inner diameter of the capillary.
  • the values should be between 1.3 and 1.6.
  • a typical value is a factor of 1.4.
  • an electrode head which in particular by a coil, a sleeve or massive thickening, as known per se, can be realized. But he can also be a pin without thickening.
  • the plasma-facing portion of the electrode requirements are different from the larger diameter of the rear second, the melting facing part.
  • the electrode is preferably made of tungsten or similar refractory material, especially a high tungsten compound.
  • the plasma-facing first part of the W electrode should dissipate just enough heat that the temperature of the electrode tip on the one hand is not so high that unnecessarily high evaporation of tungsten, on the other hand, the heat dissipation should not be so large that in the cathode phase (AC operation) sputtering occurs.
  • AC operation cathode phase
  • the optimal diameter of the rear part namely the melting of the facing shaft portion of the electrode
  • other criteria apply.
  • the optimum diameter is mainly due to the availability of the shank part with the cermet, molybdenum, Nb (Zr) - u./o. further conceivable Kapillar be arrangementsbauer determined in the direction Glasloteinschmelzung. These requirements set an optimum the diameter of the second part. It is determined by the condition that the ratio between the capillary feedthrough and the electrode stem portion is preferably between 0.5 and 1.0, including limits.
  • Inventive electrodes for discharge lamps are made of high temperature resistant metal.
  • Tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum, rhenium or alloys thereof are particularly suitable, but also carbides of these metals, in particular tantalum carbide (TaC).
  • the electrodes are made of blanks of appropriate dimensions by turning, grinding, drilling, etching, etc. Particularly preferred is a laser method as in DE 42 06 002 described.
  • deformation work is additionally introduced by suitable manufacturing processes, such as rolling and hammering, in order to increase the structural stability of the electrode materials.
  • High-temperature-resistant metals such as, for example, W, Ta, Mo, Re or their alloys, which are in some cases additionally doped, are used as electrode materials in order to increase the structural stability of the materials.
  • the doping is preferably carried out to stabilize the structure with elements such as K, Al and Si and additionally with oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides and / or the pure metals (or their alloys) of rare earth elements, lanthanides, actinides such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Th, but also Sc, Ti, Y, Zr, Hf. They serve not only to stabilize the structure, but also to lower the electron work function.
  • one-piece electrodes in particular made of tungsten, are produced, wherein the complex contour may have a rear part as a second part, which is cylindrical, and a front part as a first part, which may have a head.
  • the temperature at the junction is not more than 1500 K, more preferably not more than 1300 K.
  • the result is then a kinking of the W electrode at the connection point, which is usually a weld. If the W electrode touches the inner wall of the capillary, cracks in the capillary occur, through which the filling escapes from the discharge vessel. This shortens the life and the lamp goes out.
  • the different requirements for the two parts of the W electrode are now best met by the fact that the electrode is integral and that the tungsten material is removed in the front first part of the W electrode. This is best done by mechanical, chemical or thermo-mechanical methods such as laser ablation.
  • the present application also relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with such an electrode, in particular with metal halide filling, as of the type forth already from the EP-A 1 056 115 is known.
  • the diameter of the second part should therefore be adapted to the inner diameter of the capillary as well as possible and so fill the dead volume.
  • the end of the electrode can be moved as far back into the capillary, up to 70% of the total length L of the electrode.
  • FIG. 1 schematically a metal halide lamp with a power of 150 W is shown. It consists of a lamp axis defining cylindrical outer bulb 1 made of quartz glass, which is squeezed on two sides (2) and socketed (3). Of course, the lamp can also be closed on one side and be provided, for example, with a screw base.
  • the axially arranged discharge vessel 4 made of Al 2 O 3 ceramic is cylindrical or bulbous and has two ends 6. It is held in the outer bulb 1 by means of two power supply lines 7, which are connected to the base parts 3 via foils 8.
  • the power supply lines 7 are welded to bushings 9, which are each fitted in an end plug at the end 6 of the discharge vessel.
  • the end plug is designed as a long capillary tube 12 (plug capillary).
  • the end 6 of the discharge vessel and the stopper capillary 12 are, for example, directly sintered together.
  • An electrode 15 is located on the discharge side on the bushing.
  • the passage 9 is in each case designed as a multi-part pin and projects into about three quarters of the length of the capillary tube 12 into this.
  • a two-part electrode shaft 16 made of tungsten extends within the capillary tube 12 towards the discharge volume and has a helix 17 which is pushed onto the discharge-side end.
  • the filling of the discharge vessel is in addition to an inert ignition gas, such as argon, from mercury and additives to metal halides. It is also possible, for example, the use of a metal halide filling without mercury, wherein As ignition gas, for example xenon and in particular a high pressure, well above 1.3 bar, can be selected.
  • ignition gas for example xenon and in particular a high pressure, well above 1.3 bar
  • the pin 9 is inserted into the stopper capillary 12 and sealed by means of glass solder 19.
  • an electrode 15 is shown in detail. It is important that the electrode is an integral component.
  • the diameter of the front part 25 is D1 and the diameter of the rear part 26 is D2.
  • the total length of the electrode is L.
  • the length of the first part 25 is L1 and the length of the second part 26 is L2.
  • the transition between the two parts is a step 27.
  • an electrode 15 is shown in which the first part 25 has a head 28 which is also made integral. Its diameter is D3, its length is L3, where D1 ⁇ D3 ⁇ D2.
  • an electrode 30 is shown in which the head is a separate coil 31. It is further shown that between the first part 25 and the second part 26, a slope 33 is used as a transition.
  • the electrode system 35 is shown in detail in the plug 36.
  • a passage 9 is a pin, for example, as in FIG. 6 shown a two-piece pin, the first part near discharge 38 is a cermet of Mo and Al 2 O 3 , and the second part 39 consists of niobium or NbZr or MoV. The implementation may for example also be partially encased by a helix.
  • the second part 26 of the electrode has approximately the same diameter as the pin and is welded thereto. This is followed by the discharge side of the first part 25, whose diameter is significantly smaller, both parts are made of one piece.
  • the first part may be pin-shaped, or may have a solid part or a coil as the head.
  • the diameter of the second part should preferably be at least 10%, at most 60% greater than the diameter of the first part.
  • the minimum value applies in particular if the electrode is pin-shaped.
  • the step 27 between the two parts should coincide approximately with the end of the capillary.
  • the mismatch A should be less than 10% of the length L.
  • a typical value for A is 1 mm.
  • FIG. 6 a further embodiment of an electrode system in the capillary is shown. It is preferred that the diameter D2 of the second part 26 of the electrode is between 120 and 140% of the diameter D1 of the first part 25.
  • the diameter D2 of the second part should preferably approach as close as possible to the inner diameter ID of the capillary. It should be at least 95%, preferably at least 98% thereof.
  • the second part of the electrode approximately flush or slightly recessed or be prominent, so for example, be used in a depth A up to 1 mm, in the capillary.
  • connection point 40 is located as deep as possible in the capillary for implementation. It should have a depth T of for example 3 to 6 mm, this value also depends on the Wattage of the lamp.
  • the implementation is in particular made up of two parts, namely a cermet as an inner and a niobium pin as a further outer part. Both parts of the bushing preferably have approximately the same diameter as the second part of the electrode and should deviate a maximum of 10% thereof. Thus, the dead volume is minimized throughout.
  • welding but also mechanical fitting into a groove, etc. come into question as the connection technology between the second part and the bushing. However, a weld is preferred because it provides the safest hold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Lampe à décharge à haute pression ayant une enceinte de décharge en céramique, dans laquelle sont contenues deux électrodes et un remplissage donnant de la lumière, dans laquelle, aux extrémités de l'enceinte de la décharge, se trouvent des tubes capillaires, dans lesquels des traversées sont rendues étanches, traversées qui sont reliées respectivement à une électrode en tungstène, en rhénium ou en un mélange ou en un alliage des deux éléments, le cas échéant additionné de dopages habituels, caractérisée en ce que l'électrode est en forme de tige et est composée d'une façon monobloc de deux parties ayant un diamètre différent, la première partie ayant un diamètre D1 donné formant la pointe de l'électrode et la deuxième partie ayant un diamètre D2 se trouvant dans le tube capillaire, le diamètre D2 de la deuxième partie représentant au moins 108 % du diamètre D1 de la première partie, la longueur L totale de l'électrode étant subdivisée ainsi entre la première partie ayant une longueur L1 et la deuxième partie ayant une longueur L2, de sorte que L2 représente environ 30 à 70 % de la longueur L totale et le début du diamètre D2 maximum coïncidant avec le début du tube capillaire ou s'en écartant au maximum de 10 % de la longueur L.
  2. Lampe à décharge à haute pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre D2 de la deuxième partie représente au moins 95 % du diamètre intérieur ID du tube capillaire.
  3. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la deuxième partie est reliée à la traversée par une soudure.
  4. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre de la traversée correspond, à au moins 10 % près, au diamètre de la deuxième partie.
  5. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la transition D1 et D2 s'effectue par saut au moyen d'un palier.
  6. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre D2 représente au maximum 160 % de D1.
  7. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un épaississement supplémentaire est mis sur la première partie à proximité de la pointe.
  8. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le remplissage contient des halogénures métalliques.
  9. Lampe à décharge suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le matériau d'électrodes est dopé par au moins l'un des éléments K, Al, Si, Y.
EP07726370A 2006-02-22 2007-02-14 Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec ampoule de décharge en céramique Not-in-force EP1987531B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202006002833U DE202006002833U1 (de) 2006-02-22 2006-02-22 Hochdruckentladungslampe mit keramischem Entladungsgefäß
PCT/EP2007/051414 WO2007096277A1 (fr) 2006-02-22 2007-02-14 Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec ampoule de décharge en céramique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1987531A1 EP1987531A1 (fr) 2008-11-05
EP1987531B1 true EP1987531B1 (fr) 2009-12-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07726370A Not-in-force EP1987531B1 (fr) 2006-02-22 2007-02-14 Lampe à décharge à haute pression avec ampoule de décharge en céramique

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8018156B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1987531B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3153262U (fr)
CN (1) CN101385117A (fr)
CA (1) CA2642578A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202006002833U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007096277A1 (fr)

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DE202007013119U1 (de) * 2007-09-19 2008-10-23 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP2387792A1 (fr) * 2009-01-14 2011-11-23 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lampe à décharge de gaz céramique à halogénure métallique à forte température de couleur
DE102009055123A1 (de) * 2009-12-22 2011-06-30 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung, 81543 Keramische Elektrode für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe
DE112010005862A5 (de) * 2010-10-19 2013-08-14 Osram Gmbh Keramische Durchführung für eine Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP2777063B1 (fr) * 2011-09-30 2017-03-08 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Lampe à décharge
DE102012215184A1 (de) * 2012-08-27 2014-02-27 Osram Gmbh Hochdruckentladungslampe

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101385117A (zh) 2009-03-11
DE202006002833U1 (de) 2006-05-04
CA2642578A1 (fr) 2007-08-30
US8018156B2 (en) 2011-09-13
DE502007002179D1 (de) 2010-01-14
EP1987531A1 (fr) 2008-11-05
US20090021172A1 (en) 2009-01-22
WO2007096277A1 (fr) 2007-08-30
JP3153262U (ja) 2009-09-03

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