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EP1759359A1 - Dispositif et procede d'etude de proprietes magnetiques d'objets - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede d'etude de proprietes magnetiques d'objets

Info

Publication number
EP1759359A1
EP1759359A1 EP05753224A EP05753224A EP1759359A1 EP 1759359 A1 EP1759359 A1 EP 1759359A1 EP 05753224 A EP05753224 A EP 05753224A EP 05753224 A EP05753224 A EP 05753224A EP 1759359 A1 EP1759359 A1 EP 1759359A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
magneto
optical layer
field strength
field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP05753224A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ulrich Schanda
Horst Dötsch
Carsten Holthaus
Alexei Trifonov
Jürgen Schützmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
Publication of EP1759359A1 publication Critical patent/EP1759359A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/04—Testing magnetic properties of the materials thereof, e.g. by detection of magnetic imprint
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for examining magnetic properties of objects, in particular sheet material, such as banknotes.
  • the device comprises a magneto-optical layer having magnetic domains, the optical properties of which can be influenced by the magnetic properties of the object to be examined, at least one light source for generating light which strikes the magneto-optical layer, and at least one sensor for receiving light which the magneto-optical layer is transmitted and / or reflected.
  • banknotes are provided with magnetic features, among other things. In automated banknote checking in banknote processing machines, banknotes are therefore also examined for their magnetic properties in order to distinguish counterfeit or suspected counterfeit from genuine banknotes.
  • banknotes are usually examined using inductive measuring heads, Hall elements or magnetoresistive elements, such as field plates or thin permalloy layers.
  • a suitable device is known, for example, from German published patent application DE 197 18 122 AI.
  • a magneto-optical reflector layer with a high magnetic Kerr effect is coated with polarized light lights up and the reflected light is detected after passing through a polarization filter. If a banknote to be examined is brought close behind the reflector layer, the magnetic stray fields of the magnetic areas of the banknote influence the optical behavior of the reflector layer, the direction of polarization of the detected light being changed. The magnetic properties of the sheet material can then be inferred from the measured change in polarization.
  • magneto-optical layers Compared to frequently used inductive measuring heads, the use of magneto-optical layers has the advantage that they allow a higher spatial resolution and the measurement of the magnetic fields is independent of the speed of the bank note relative to the measuring system. In addition, the use of magneto-optical layers enables an imaging process to visualize the magnetic patterns built into the banknote.
  • WO 02/052498 A2 a device and a method for the investigation of magnetic properties of objects are known, in which magneto-optical layers with regularly aligned magnetic domains are used.
  • Light generated by a light source and striking the magneto-optical layer is diffracted at the regularly aligned magnetic domains.
  • the diffracted and transmitted or reflected light from the layer is received by a sensor.
  • the magnetic areas of the sheet influence the optical properties of the magnetic layer, the distances and / or widths of the regularly aligned magnetic domains depending on the direction and strength of the magnetic field of the sheet acting on the magneto-optical layer vary.
  • the detected intensity and / or position of the diffracted light changes accordingly, so that the magnetic properties of the sheet can be deduced from this.
  • the known device and the method for the investigation of magnetic properties of objects by means of magneto-optical layers with regularly aligned magnetic domains have the advantage that the magneto-optical layers with domains used have a high sensitivity, which is why they are suitable for the detection of very small changes in magnetic flux density.
  • the possible spatial resolution is limited by the size of the magnetic domains.
  • a device and a method for examining magnetic properties of objects are known, in which a magneto-optical layer is used, which is known as a so-called flat layer is built up.
  • Such in-plane layers have no magnetic domains, or a single magnetic domain lies in the layer itself and runs parallel to it.
  • Magneto-optical layers of this type have the advantage that they practically enable any spatial resolution.
  • the sensitivity of the in-plane layers to changes in the magnetic flux density is much lower than that of the magneto-optical layers with magnetic domains.
  • the change, ie rotation, of the polarization direction of the light coupled into the magneto-optical layer is increased by increasing the optical path length of the light passing through the magneto-optical layer.
  • the light source and the magneto-optical layer are arranged such that the direction of propagation of the light coupled into the layer runs essentially parallel to a base area of the magneto-optical layer.
  • the device and the method should also enable the examination in the event that the magnetic properties of an examination are not readily accessible.
  • the invention is based on a device and a method for examining magnetic properties of objects, in particular sheet material, such as banknotes, with a magneto-optical layer having magnetic domains, the optical properties of which can be influenced by the magnetic properties of the object to be examined, at least one Light source for generating light that strikes the magneto-optical layer and at least one sensor for receiving light that is transmitted and / or reflected by the magneto-optical layer, with a magnetic field that extends essentially parallel to the surface of the magneto-optical layer Area of the magneto-optical layer.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that magneto-optical layers with magnetic domains that can be produced with less effort can be used, the spatial resolution of which is improved by the magnetic field that extends essentially parallel to the surface of the magneto-optical layer.
  • the magnetic field can also be used to investigate magnetic properties that are not easily accessible.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field parallel to the magneto-optical layer is dimensioned such that the magnetic domains are greatly reduced.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field parallel to the magneto-optical layer is dimensioned such that the magnetic domains are just collapsing.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field parallel to the magneto-optical layer is dimensioned such that there are no longer any magnetic domains.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a device for examining magnetic properties of objects
  • FIG. 2 shows a basic structure of a magneto-optical detector used in the device according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic course of the sensitivity of the detector from FIG. 2, as a function of a magnetic field applied parallel to the surface of the detector, and
  • FIG. 4 magnetic devices for generating a magnetic field parallel to the surface of the detector according to FIG. 2.
  • Figure 1 shows a basic structure of a device 1 for examining magnetic properties of objects.
  • Objects to be examined should in particular be understood to mean sheet material, such as banknotes which have magnetic components. Such components can be printing inks with magnetic particles, magnetic security threads, etc. It can be provided that the objects have magnetic properties that are to be investigated without any problems, ie the objects themselves generate a specific magnetic field.
  • the objects can have, for example, at least traces or certain proportions of hard magnetic substances which, for. B. are arranged according to a certain pattern in and / or on the object. Since the hard magnetic substances have a certain remanence, they generate a magnetic field that can be evaluated for the examination after a single alignment. It is also possible that the objects do not easily have magnetic properties to be checked, ie that the objects are produced. no magnetic field itself.
  • the objects can have, for example, at least traces or certain portions of soft magnetic substances which, for. B. are arranged according to a certain pattern in and / or on the object. Since the soft magnetic materials have no remanence, they themselves do not generate a magnetic field that can be evaluated for the examination. In order to generate a magnetic field that can be evaluated for the examination, it is necessary to expose such objects to a magnetic field for the duration of the examination so that the soft magnetic substances contained on and / or in the object align themselves so that they can be examined.
  • the device 1 has a detector 4, which is formed by a magneto-optical layer with magnetic domains.
  • the light of at least one light source 2 is polarized by means of a polarizer 3. The polarized light illuminates the detector 4, is reflected and / or transmitted by it, passes through an analyzer 5 and is received by at least one sensor 6.
  • An object to be examined BN e.g. B. a banknote is transported by a transport system, not shown, along a direction T, essentially along the long edges of the BN, past the device 1.
  • the magnetic field Bn of the magnetic device 6, 7 aligns magnetic material present in and / or on the bank note BN in such a way that it generates a further magnetic field 10.
  • a component Bi of the magnetic field 10 perpendicular to the detector 4 causes a change, in particular rotation, of the polarization in the magneto-optical layer of the detector 4. direction of light. This change in the direction of polarization is evaluated by means of a change in the intensity of the light which passes through the analyzer 5 and is received by the sensor or sensors 6 for the investigation of the magnetic properties of the object BN or the bank note.
  • the detector 4 consists of a substrate 41, on which the magneto-optical layer 42 having magnetic domains is applied.
  • An opaque layer 43 is applied to the magneto-optical layer 42, from which the light originating from the light source 2 is scattered or reflected.
  • the substrate 41 can be, for example, a single-crystal disk made of gadolinium gallium garnet.
  • the magneto-optical layer 42 applied is, for example, yttrium and / or lutetium iron garnet. Yttrium and / or lutetium can be partially or completely replaced by bismuth and / or cerium to increase the Faraday rotation. Furthermore, yttrium and / or lutetium can be adjusted by rare earths, e.g. Praseodymium or neodymium. To adjust the magnetization, iron can be substituted by gallium and / or aluminum.
  • the opaque layer is formed, for example, from aluminum.
  • the change in the polarization direction of the light is, as described above ben, received by the one or more sensors 6 and by an evaluation device, not shown, for. B.
  • FIG. 3 shows a basic course of the sensitivity of the magneto-optical layer of the detector 4, as a function of the magnetic field Bn applied parallel to the surface of the detector 4.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field Bn of the magnetic device 7, 8 is preferably selected such that it is in the range of a field strength B
  • the field strength Bn C oi ⁇ can be in the range of 40-100 mT. But field strengths smaller than 40 mT, even field strengths below 1 mT, are also conceivable.
  • the magneto-optical layer 42 is highly sensitive to the magnetic field Bi to be examined.
  • the magnetic domains have a significantly smaller structure than without the magnetic field Bn, so that the spatial resolution is significantly improved. In this case, such. B.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field Bn is chosen such that it corresponds to the field strength Bncoii at which the magnetic domains collapse, a large dynamic range is available for the magnetic field B to be examined. Since the field strength of the magnetic field Bn already causes the collapse of the magnetic domains, the possible spatial resolution is significantly improved.
  • the field strength of the magnetic field Bn is chosen such that it is in the range according to the field strength B
  • FIG. 4 shows different designs of magnetic devices 7, 8 for generating the magnetic field Bn parallel to the surface of the detector 4.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b each show arrangements of the magnet device 7, 8 made of two permanent magnets 7 and 8, which are arranged in such a way that a magnetic field Bn which is as homogeneous as possible results in the region of the detector 4 and runs parallel to the surface of the detector 4.
  • FIGS. 4c and 4d likewise each show arrangements of the magnet device 7, 8 made of two permanent magnets 7 and 8, with measures 70, 71 for homogenizing the magnetic field Bn.
  • FIG. 4c it is provided to attach a current-carrying conductor 70 which runs parallel to the detector 4, the magnetic field of which compensates for deviations of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets 7, 8 from the desired magnetic field Bn running parallel to the detector 4.
  • a further permanent magnet 71 instead of a current-carrying conductor, which runs parallel to the detector 4.
  • FIG. 4e shows an embodiment of the magnet device consisting of four permanent magnets 7, 7 ', 8 and 8'. This arrangement corresponds to a Helmholtz arrangement and generates a very homogeneous magnetic field Bn with a very good parallel course to the surface of the detector 4.
  • magnets can be used for the magnetic device as long as they have the desired homogeneous magnetic field Bn running parallel to the surface of the detector 4 generate which floods the magneto-optical layer 42. Electromagnets can also be used instead of permanent magnets.
  • a time-varying magnetic field Bn (t) When using electromagnets, it is also possible to apply a time-varying magnetic field Bn (t).
  • the use of a time-varying magnetic field Bn (t) makes it possible to use the lock-in technique when evaluating the measurement signals, in which the measurement signals are evaluated as a function of the change in the magnetic field Bn (t) over time.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of the measurement of the magnetic field B x can thereby be significantly improved.
  • Suitable frequencies for the time-varying magnetic field Bn (t) are in the range above 10 kHz.
  • the time-varying magnetic field Bn (t) described can be generated by means of electromagnets and have a field strength which lies in the range of the field strength Bncoii described above.
  • the required field strength in the range of Bn C oi ⁇ can also by a time-constant part Bn and a time-varying proportion Bn (t) are generated.
  • Bn> Bn (t) the required field strength in the range of Bn C oi ⁇
  • Bn (t) the required field strength in the range of Bn C oi ⁇
  • Bn (t) the required field strength in the range of Bn C oi ⁇
  • Bn a time-constant part
  • Bn (t) a time-varying proportion Bn (t)
  • FIG. 4f shows a possible arrangement of electromagnets 7 "and 8" for the generation of a magnetic field Bn, which, as described above, can also contain at least one time-variable component Bn (t).
  • the electromagnets 7 ", 8” can also have iron cores.
  • the electromagnets 7 ", 8” can also be used in addition to the permanent magnets 7, 7 ', 8, 8' shown in FIGS. 4a to 4e.
  • the intensity fluctuations in the light resulting from the rotation of the polarization direction are evaluated by the sensor 6 in order to produce an image of the magnetic properties of the object BN.
  • both the detector 4 and the sensor 6 have a cellular structure, the length of the detector 4 and sensor 6 corresponding to at least one dimension of the object BN so that it can be fully examined.
  • Detector 4 and sensor 6 can each consist of individual elements which are arranged in a row, but they can also each consist of a single element, e.g. B. the sensor 6 can be formed by a CCD line.
  • a point structure can also be provided, which enables the examination of one or more specific points of the object BN.
  • a two-dimensional structure can be provided for the components of the device 1, so that the object BN can be examined in whole or in part.
  • the choice of the wavelength of the light generated by the light source 2 is of particular importance. Long wavelength light only experiences a slight rotation of the direction of polarization in the magneto-optical layer 42, whereas light of short wavelength is largely absorbed by the magneto-optical layer. For this reason, a light source 2 with a wavelength in the range of 550-650 nm, in particular about 590 nm, has proven particularly useful.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
  • Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé d'étude de propriétés magnétiques d'objets (BN), notamment d'objets en feuilles tels que des billets de banque. Ledit dispositif comporte une couche magnéto-optique (42) présentant des domaines magnétiques, dont les propriétés optiques peuvent être influencées par les propriétés magnétiques de l'objet à étudier (BN), au moins une source lumineuse (2) destinée à produire de la lumière frappant la couche magnéto-optique (42), et au moins un capteur (6) destiné à recevoir de la lumière transmise et/ou réfléchie par la couche magnéto-optique (42), un champ magnétique (BII) s'étendant essentiellement parallèlement à la surface de la couche magnéto-optique (42), au niveau de ladite couche.
EP05753224A 2004-05-27 2005-05-25 Dispositif et procede d'etude de proprietes magnetiques d'objets Ceased EP1759359A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004025937A DE102004025937A1 (de) 2004-05-27 2004-05-27 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Untersuchung von magnetichen Eigenschaften von Objekten
PCT/EP2005/005668 WO2005116942A1 (fr) 2004-05-27 2005-05-25 Dispositif et procede d'etude de proprietes magnetiques d'objets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1759359A1 true EP1759359A1 (fr) 2007-03-07

Family

ID=34970757

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05753224A Ceased EP1759359A1 (fr) 2004-05-27 2005-05-25 Dispositif et procede d'etude de proprietes magnetiques d'objets

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7821259B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1759359A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004025937A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2381559C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005116942A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006016618A1 (de) * 2006-04-05 2007-11-29 Verein zur Förderung von Innovationen durch Forschung, Entwicklung und Technologietransfer e.V. (Verein INNOVENT e.V.) Identifikationsmedium sowie Verfahren zum Einschreiben und Auslesen von Informationen
IT1396778B1 (it) * 2009-11-17 2012-12-14 Cts Electronics S P A Dispositivo e metodo per riconoscere e decodificare, in assegni e/o banconote, e/o altri documenti, dati sensibili rappresentati da informazioni magnetiche o magnetizzabili.
CN103003711B (zh) * 2010-07-30 2015-03-04 三菱电机株式会社 磁传感器装置
CN103544764B (zh) * 2013-09-12 2016-11-16 无锡乐尔科技有限公司 一种用于识别磁性介质的传感器
JP2016161350A (ja) * 2015-02-27 2016-09-05 Fdk株式会社 磁気検出装置

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FR2524650A1 (fr) * 1982-04-06 1983-10-07 Thomson Csf Magnetometre optique
FR2652670B1 (fr) * 1989-10-03 1995-06-23 Thomson Csf Tete de lecture magnetooptique a haute resolution.
FR2656723B1 (fr) 1989-12-28 1995-07-21 Thomson Consumer Electronics Tete de lecture multipiste magneto-optique.
DE4021359A1 (de) * 1990-07-05 1992-01-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur detektion von in einem koerper verdeckt verlaufenden strompfaden sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
DE4025171A1 (de) * 1990-08-08 1992-02-13 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur detektion oder ueberpruefung von in einem koerper verdeckt verlaufenden strompfaden sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens
EP0568992B1 (fr) * 1992-05-08 1998-08-19 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Tête de capteur magnéto-optique
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2006145057A (ru) 2008-09-10
US20070241749A1 (en) 2007-10-18
DE102004025937A1 (de) 2005-12-22
US7821259B2 (en) 2010-10-26
RU2381559C2 (ru) 2010-02-10
WO2005116942A1 (fr) 2005-12-08

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