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EP1632004A1 - Ensemble et procede pour l'alimentation en energie electrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain dans une installation industrielle - Google Patents

Ensemble et procede pour l'alimentation en energie electrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain dans une installation industrielle

Info

Publication number
EP1632004A1
EP1632004A1 EP03708218A EP03708218A EP1632004A1 EP 1632004 A1 EP1632004 A1 EP 1632004A1 EP 03708218 A EP03708218 A EP 03708218A EP 03708218 A EP03708218 A EP 03708218A EP 1632004 A1 EP1632004 A1 EP 1632004A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
oxygen
membrane
fuel cell
electrode block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03708218A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guntram Scheible
Ray Keech
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP1632004A1 publication Critical patent/EP1632004A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/30—Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
    • H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the wireless supply of a field device in a process plant, which is equipped with a wireless communication interface, with electrical energy, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for wireless supply of a field device in a process plant electrical energy according to the preamble of claim 12.
  • Field devices which are equipped with a wireless communication interface, for example a GPRS or Bluetooth interface, for use in process engineering systems, such devices in addition to a sensor / actuator unit which contains the actual measuring or actuating module, a control and data acquisition - And processing module and also includes the wireless communication interface, still have a power generation and supply unit for wireless power supply of the field device within a housing.
  • a wireless communication interface for example a GPRS or Bluetooth interface
  • a fuel cell in which electrical energy and water are known to be generated by the oxidation of a fuel with oxygen in a membrane / electrode block, has an energy density which is at least 20 times higher than, for example, a lead accumulator, ie an energy generation and supply unit which uses a fuel cell, can be built much more compact and cheaper than a lead accumulator with the same capacity. This is particularly important when supplying field devices in process engineering plants with electrical energy.
  • DE 201 07 114 U1 describes such an arrangement, where the fuel is direct is taken from a fuel line. To ensure a continuous and uninterruptible power supply to the field device even in the event of a brief failure of the fuel supply, an energy store is provided in the system according to DE 201 07 114 as a temporary store of the electrical energy generated.
  • DE 199 29 343 describes a corresponding arrangement for the wireless supply of a large number of sensors and / or actuators with electrical energy, a micro-fuel cell with an associated fuel tank being integrated in each of the sensors.
  • the required air is supplied by the ambient air, as is common in today's fuel cells.
  • Such an arrangement cannot of course be used if the field device is to be used in an environment in which atmospheric oxygen is not available.
  • Such areas of application can be, for example, flow meters buried in the ground together with a water pipe, or also when using field devices made suitable for underwater use for flow, pressure or temperature measurement or for valve control in the submarine oil production.
  • the fuel cell is therefore equipped with an oxygen store, which provides the oxygen required for the generation of electrical energy by oxidation of the fuel in the fuel cell. Furthermore, the fuel cell is equipped with a water storage unit, which absorbs the water formed during the generation of electrical energy in the membrane / electrode block by the oxidation of the fuel with the oxygen. In particular, the fuel cell forms a closed system with the membrane / electrode block, the fuel tank, the oxygen store and the water storage unit.
  • the oxygen in the oxygen store is under excess pressure. Because then the oxygen can be fed to the membrane / electrode block under increased pressure, which increases the efficiency of the fuel cell.
  • the pressure of the fuel at the interface between the fuel tank and the fuel cell can be controlled with a fuel pressure control device and / or the pressure of the oxygen at the interface between the oxygen reservoir and the fuel cell with an oxygen pressure control device.
  • the fuel and / or oxygen pressure regulating devices can be mechanical pressure regulating valves, membrane pressure regulators or electronic pressure regulators.
  • Arrangements constructed according to the invention are characterized in that the power of the fuel cell can be set and / or regulated, the fuel pressure and / or the oxygen pressure being the manipulated variables.
  • the water storage unit is a water tank that is connected to the membrane / electrode block.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention can, however, also be characterized in that the fuel cell with the membrane / electrode block, the fuel tank, the oxygen store, the water storage unit, the fuel pressure control device and the possibly present oxygen pressure control device, the at least one current sensor or the at least one energy measurement device is designed as a modular, closed system, the membrane / electrode block, the fuel tank, the oxygen store, the water storage unit, the fuel or oxygen pressure control devices and the at least one current sensor or the at least one energy measurement device being individually replaceable Modules and can be connected to one another and / or to the fuel cell by detachable connection devices.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the membrane / electrode block with the fuel tank, the oxygen store, the water storage unit, the fuel or oxygen pressure control device or devices, or the current sensors or energy measurement devices are integrated in a pressure-resistant housing.
  • a pressure relief valve can advantageously be installed in the pressure-resistant housing; a pressure relief valve can also be installed in the housing of the field device for safety reasons.
  • control of the fuel cell power can be carried out by means of a microprocessor or a controller integrated in the field device, the microprocessor or controller at least with the current sensor and / or the energy measuring device for measuring the electrical current generated by the fuel cell or by it generated electrical Energy, and the one or more fuel or oxygen pressure control devices is connected.
  • the microprocessor or controller can also be connected to the wireless communication interface of the field device, so that information about the state of the fuel cell and / or information about the amount of electrical energy generated by the microprocessor or controller is located outside the field device via the wireless communication interface Central unit are interchangeable.
  • a device has the advantage that a field device with a wireless communication device with a completely autonomous electrical energy supply was created.
  • the field device can therefore be used in environments without atmospheric oxygen.
  • the electrical power supply has an approximately 20 times higher energy density than a lead-acid battery currently used in field devices with a wireless communication device, and an approximately 3-6 times higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries.
  • the modular structure of the arrangement according to the invention enables very cost-effective assembly and maintenance of the field device, since for maintenance only the replacement of prefabricated modules, such as the fuel tank or the oxygen tank.
  • the essence of the invention is that the oxygen required for the generation of electrical energy by oxidation of the fuel in the membrane / electrode block is provided by an oxygen store, with which the fuel cell is equipped, and that the water formed during the generation of electrical energy in the membrane / electrode block by the oxidation of the fuel with the oxygen is taken up in a water storage unit.
  • the pressure of the fuel at the interface between the fuel tank and the membrane / electrode block is controlled with a fuel pressure control device, the pressure of the oxygen at the interface between the oxygen reservoir and the membrane / electrode block with an oxygen pressure control device.
  • the electrical current generated by the fuel cell is measured with a current sensor; however, the electrical energy generated by the fuel cell can also be measured by means of an energy measuring device.
  • the power of the fuel cell is regulated, the signal from the at least one current sensor or the signal from the at least one energy measuring device being the controlled variable and the fuel and / or oxygen pressure being the manipulated variables
  • the water generated during the generation of electrical energy in the fuel cell due to the oxidation of the fuel with the oxygen is fed to the water storage unit via a valve and a water pump and from there can also be at least partially returned to the membrane / electrode block if necessary.
  • the resulting water could simply collect inside the pressure-resistant housing, in which case it is of course no longer possible to return the water, even partially, to the membrane / electrode block.
  • control of the fuel cell power is carried out by means of a microprocessor or a controller integrated in the field device and if the microprocessor or controller at least with the current sensor and / or the energy measuring device for measuring the electrical current generated by the fuel cell or electrical energy generated by it, as well as the fuel or oxygen pressure measuring device or devices is connected.
  • the microprocessor or controller is advantageously connected to the wireless communication interface of the field device, so that information about the state of the fuel cell and / or information about the amount of electrical energy generated by the microprocessor or controller via the wireless communication interface with one located outside the field device Central unit can be replaced.
  • the single figure shows an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement for the wireless energy supply of a field device 10, which in the example shown here is an analysis device for analyzing the composition of a process medium carried in a pipeline 1 of a process engineering process and represented in the figure by an arrow 1a.
  • the field device 10 is surrounded by a housing 11 and has a sensor / actuator unit 6, which comprises the measuring or actuating module 3, hereinafter also referred to as analysis modules, a control, data acquisition and processing module 4 and also the wireless communication interface 5 , and a sampling line 2, by means of which a sample is taken from the process medium 1a flowing through the pipeline 1 and fed to the sensor / actuator unit 6.
  • the analysis module 3 can be a device for automated water or gas analysis, for example a process gas chromatograph, a process photometer, a process pH meter, a conductivity analyzer, a process nitrate analyzer, a process oxygen analyzer or the like.
  • the control, data acquisition and processing unit 4 takes over the process control of the measurement process in the analysis module 3, controls the measurement data acquisition and, if necessary, carries out measurement data preprocessing.
  • the wireless communication interface 5 will be used to exchange data between the field device 10 and a central unit (not shown here). The data exchange is represented by the bidirectional arrow 5a.
  • the fuel cell 14 comprises a membrane / electrode block 15, a fuel tank 18, an oxygen storage 16 and a water storage unit 20.
  • a current sensor 26 and an energy measuring device 28 are installed at the interface between the fuel cell 14 and the sensor / actuator unit 6.
  • the energy measuring device 28 additionally contains an integration device, by means of which a value for the electrical energy is determined from the time profile of the current. Only the current sensor 26 or only the energy measuring device 28 could also be provided.
  • an energy store 24 is installed at the interface between the fuel cell 14 and the sensor / actuator unit 6 as a temporary store of the electrical energy generated.
  • the membrane / electrode block 15 can be a polymer membrane / electrode block which is known per se and which, for the purpose of volume reduction and cost saving, can also be microtechnically manufactured according to methods known per se.
  • the fuel tank 18 is, for example, a hydrogen pressure tank known per se or a metal hydride hydrogen store, also known per se.
  • a liquid fuel can also be used, e.g. Methanol or ethanol, then the fuel tank 18. matched tank.
  • the oxygen store 16 is an oxygen pressure tank.
  • the oxygen in the oxygen storage 16 is therefore under pressure.
  • the water storage unit 20 is a water tank which is preceded by a valve 42.
  • the fuel tank 18, the oxygen store and the water storage unit 20 are each connected to the membrane / electrode block 15 via suitable interfaces.
  • the interface between the fuel tank 18 and the membrane / electrode block 15 is a fuel pressure control device 41 with an integrated valve. It would also be possible to implement the valve separately from the fuel pressure control device. Accordingly, the interface between the oxygen storage 16 and the membrane / electrode block 15 is formed by an oxygen pressure control device 40 with an integrated valve.
  • a bidirectional water conveying device 43 is arranged, which both water from the water storage unit 20 into the membrane / electrode block 15 and water from the membrane / electrode block 15 into the water Storage unit 20 can pump.
  • the fuel cell 14 with the membrane / electrode block 15, the fuel tank 18, the oxygen storage 16, the water storage unit 20, the fuel and oxygen pressure regulating devices 40, 41 and the current sensor 26 and the energy measuring device 28 is designed as a modular, closed system.
  • the membrane / electrode block 15, the fuel tank 18, the oxygen storage 16, the water storage unit 20, the hydrogen and oxygen pressure regulating devices 40, 41, and the current sensor 26 and the energy measuring device 28 are individually interchangeable modules, which by Detachable connection devices 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 can be connected to one another and exchanged.
  • the modular structure offers in particular the advantage of simple and inexpensive assembly and maintenance by exchanging a possibly defective for a new module.
  • a microprocessor or controller 22 is also integrated, • which is connected to the current sensor 26, power measuring means 28 or the hydrogen or oxygen pressure control devices 40, 41, and the valve 42nd
  • the microprocessor or controller is also connected to the sensor / actuator unit 6 and thus the wireless communication interface 5, the analysis module 3, and the water pump 43.
  • information about the state of the fuel cell 14 and / or about the electrical energy generated can be exchanged by the microprocessor or controller via the wireless communication interface with a central unit located outside the field device.
  • the microprocessor or controller 22 can also regulate all functional sequences within the fuel cell 14. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
  • measuring or adjusting module also called analysis module

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble pour l'alimentation en énergie électrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain (10) dans une installation industrielle, lequel appareil est équipé d'une interface de communication sans fil (5). Dans cet appareil de terrain (10), au moins une pile à combustible (14), pourvue d'un module membrane-électrode (15) et d'un réservoir à combustible (16), ainsi qu'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (24) sont intégrés dans un boîtier (11), ladite pile à combustible (14) étant équipée d'un réservoir à oxygène (18) mettant à disposition l'oxygène nécessaire à la production d'énergie électrique par l'oxydation du combustible dans le module membrane-électrode (15). Cette pile à combustible (14) est également équipée d'un module réservoir d'eau (20) prévu pour recevoir l'eau provenant de la production d'énergie électrique dans le module membrane-électrode (15) par l'oxydation du combustible avec l'oxygène. Cette pile à combustible (14) forme avec le module membrane-électrode (15), le réservoir à combustible (16), le réservoir à oxygène (18) et le module réservoir d'eau (20) un système fermé modulaire.
EP03708218A 2003-03-12 2003-03-12 Ensemble et procede pour l'alimentation en energie electrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain dans une installation industrielle Withdrawn EP1632004A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2003/002527 WO2004082051A1 (fr) 2003-03-12 2003-03-12 Ensemble et procede pour l'alimentation en energie electrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain dans une installation industrielle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1632004A1 true EP1632004A1 (fr) 2006-03-08

Family

ID=32981705

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03708218A Withdrawn EP1632004A1 (fr) 2003-03-12 2003-03-12 Ensemble et procede pour l'alimentation en energie electrique sans fil d'un appareil de terrain dans une installation industrielle

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060166059A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1632004A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003212339A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004082051A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018211815A1 (de) 2018-07-17 2020-01-23 Audi Ag Elektrisches Energiesystem mit Brennstoffzellen

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US8145180B2 (en) * 2004-05-21 2012-03-27 Rosemount Inc. Power generation for process devices
US9184364B2 (en) 2005-03-02 2015-11-10 Rosemount Inc. Pipeline thermoelectric generator assembly
US8250924B2 (en) 2008-04-22 2012-08-28 Rosemount Inc. Industrial process device utilizing piezoelectric transducer
JP5255698B2 (ja) 2008-06-17 2013-08-07 ローズマウント インコーポレイテッド 電圧降下が可変のフィールド機器用無線アダプタ
US8694060B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2014-04-08 Rosemount Inc. Form factor and electromagnetic interference protection for process device wireless adapters
US8929948B2 (en) 2008-06-17 2015-01-06 Rosemount Inc. Wireless communication adapter for field devices
US9674976B2 (en) 2009-06-16 2017-06-06 Rosemount Inc. Wireless process communication adapter with improved encapsulation
US10761524B2 (en) 2010-08-12 2020-09-01 Rosemount Inc. Wireless adapter with process diagnostics
US9310794B2 (en) 2011-10-27 2016-04-12 Rosemount Inc. Power supply for industrial process field device

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CA945204A (en) * 1970-07-02 1974-04-09 United Aircraft Corporation Regenerative fuel cell
US6522955B1 (en) * 2000-07-28 2003-02-18 Metallic Power, Inc. System and method for power management
EP1368848A2 (fr) * 2000-09-28 2003-12-10 Proton Energy Systems, Inc. Systeme regenerable de pile electrochimique et procede d'utilisation associe
DE20107114U1 (de) * 2001-04-25 2001-07-05 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Energieversorgung von Feldgeräten
JP2003007320A (ja) * 2001-06-20 2003-01-10 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池システム、燃料電池発電方法、プログラム、および媒体

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018211815A1 (de) 2018-07-17 2020-01-23 Audi Ag Elektrisches Energiesystem mit Brennstoffzellen
WO2020015875A1 (fr) 2018-07-17 2020-01-23 Audi Ag Système d'énergie électrique comprenant des piles à combustible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004082051A1 (fr) 2004-09-23
US20060166059A1 (en) 2006-07-27
AU2003212339A1 (en) 2004-09-30

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