EP1622859A1 - Method for producing a benzoate - Google Patents
Method for producing a benzoateInfo
- Publication number
- EP1622859A1 EP1622859A1 EP04730508A EP04730508A EP1622859A1 EP 1622859 A1 EP1622859 A1 EP 1622859A1 EP 04730508 A EP04730508 A EP 04730508A EP 04730508 A EP04730508 A EP 04730508A EP 1622859 A1 EP1622859 A1 EP 1622859A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- benzoic acid
- alcohol
- reaction
- acid component
- tin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Sn]=O QHGNHLZPVBIIPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- -1 benzoic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940052296 esters of benzoic acid for local anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N oleyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- NGCDGPPKVSZGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 1,4,6,9-tetraoxa-5-stannaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,3,7,8-tetrone Chemical compound [Sn+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O NGCDGPPKVSZGRR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/03—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a benzoic acid ester by reacting a benzoic acid component with alcohol in the presence of a catalyst.
- the invention is particularly suitable for the production of fatty acid esters of benzoic acid, which are used, for example, as base materials in cosmetics.
- Such benzoic acid esters are described, for example, in U.S. Patents 4,275,222 and 4,791,097. Either methanesulfonic acid or tin oxalate is used as the catalyst for the reaction of the benzoic acid with the corresponding alcohol. After the esterification reaction, the product obtained must be washed several times for cleaning. The overall reactions are therefore relatively complex and the yield is unsatisfactory.
- the invention thus relates to a process for the preparation of a benzoic acid ester by reacting a benzoic acid component selected from benzoic acid or a benzoic acid ester with alcohol in the presence of a catalyst which, according to the invention, is a combination of tin (II) oxide and is a phosphorus (1) compound.
- Phosphorus (I) compounds preferred according to the invention are phosphorus (I) acid (ie phosphinic acid, hypophosphorous acid) or salts of phosphorus (I) acid (phosphinates, hypophosphites).
- the catalyst used according to the invention leads to high conversion rates and high yields of very pure end product.
- the benzoic acid ester obtained can generally be used without further purification steps.
- the products obtained by the process according to the invention are distinguished by low acid numbers, water-clear colors and a weak intrinsic odor. They are therefore particularly suitable for use in cosmetic preparations.
- the alcohol which can be used in the esterification process according to the invention is not particularly limited. However, the process according to the invention is preferably used for the esterification of fatty alcohols or hydroxyfatty alcohols. Both natural and synthetic fatty alcohols can be used here.
- the alcohols can be saturated or unsaturated, branched or unbranched. Alcohols with a chain length of 6 to 22 carbon atoms, in particular 8 to 18 and particularly preferably 12 to 15 carbon atoms, are preferred. Mixtures of several of these alcohols can also be used. Suitable alcohol mixtures are obtainable for example under the brand name Neodol ® by Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Texas, in the trade.
- Preferred alcohols in the esterification process according to the invention are linear primary alcohols. Ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fatty alcohols or glycols such as propylene glycol or dipropylene glycol can also be used in the process.
- the alcohol is usually used in excess of the benzoic acid component.
- a molar excess of 10 to 30% of the alcohol over the benzoic acid component is suitable.
- Benzoic acid itself is used as the preferred benzoic acid component of the invention.
- a benzoic acid ester in a transesterification reaction.
- Esters of benzoic acid with lower alcohols are advantageously used, which can be distilled off from the reaction mixture during the esterification, if appropriate under reduced pressure.
- the methyl ester of benzoic acid is therefore preferably used.
- step (A) the reaction of the benzoic acid component with alcohol is initially carried out in a first step, hereinafter referred to as step (A), takes place at normal pressure with heating.
- the reaction under normal pressure prevents the benzoic acid component from subliming out of the reaction mixture.
- the starting material would thus not be available for the esterification and would lead to a reduced yield.
- step (B) the esterification can therefore be continued in a second step, hereinafter referred to as step (B), at elevated temperature under reduced pressure.
- step (B) leads to the completion of the esterification reaction.
- the esterification reaction is ended in a high vacuum at elevated temperature in a subsequent step (C).
- step (C) the esterification of the benzoic acid component with alcohol is practically completely completed and the excess alcohol is removed from the reaction mixture by distillation. The alcohol recovered can be used again in a subsequent reaction.
- the benzoic acid component, alcohol and phosphorus (I) compound at the beginning of step (A), to start heating and only then to at least some of the tin (II) oxide admit.
- the tin (II) oxide is preferably added before the reaction temperature of the reaction mixture is reached.
- the tin (II) oxide can be added if the temperature is between two thirds of the reaction temperature and the reaction temperature of the esterification.
- a suitable temperature range for the addition is, for example, between 150 and 190 ° C., in particular around 170 ° C.
- the mixture is then heated further to the esterification reaction temperature.
- step (A) is expediently continued until the residual content of the benzoic acid component in the reaction mixture has dropped to less than or equal to 5%. If benzoic acid itself is used as the benzoic acid component, the end time of the reaction after step (A) can also be determined on the basis of the acid number.
- the reaction in step (A) is expediently completed when the acid number is less than 25. This corresponds approximately to a residual acid content of 5% or less.
- the esterification is then continued after step (B), i.e. under reduced pressure.
- Step (B) serves to esterify the remaining amount of benzoic acid component.
- the pressure in the reaction vessel is expediently set such that at the selected reaction temperature Water or alcohol formed (methanol in the case of methyl benzoate as starting material) is distilled off from the reaction mixture in order to shift the reaction equilibrium to the side of the products.
- the vacuum should, if possible, not be so great that larger amounts of benzoic acid component are drawn off from the reaction mixture.
- a vacuum in the range of approximately 200 mbar has proven to be suitable.
- step (A) If only part of the tin (II) oxide was initially added in step (A), the remaining amount of this catalyst component is now added.
- the renewed addition of the tin oxide in step (B) is advantageous for as complete an esterification as possible.
- the reaction in step (B) is expediently continued until the residual content of the benzoic acid component in the reaction mixture has dropped to not more than 1%.
- step (C) the esterification reaction in a high vacuum is ended in step (C).
- the negative pressure in the reaction vessel is increased so much that water is virtually completely removed from the reaction mixture in the case of benzoic acid or lower alcohol in the case of a benzoic acid ester as a starting product.
- the esterification of the benzoic acid component is also completed, so that at the end of step (C) the acid number in the reactor is usually below 0.3 and the residual content of benzoic acid component in the reaction mixture has dropped to less than or equal to 0.1% , This means that the esterification reaction using the process according to the invention is practically complete and essentially without losses of benzoic acid component.
- step (C) of the esterification process according to the invention the reaction mixture is allowed to cool and the catalyst used according to the invention is precipitated.
- the addition of phosphoric acid is particularly suitable for this.
- the precipitated catalyst is then filtered off.
- the benzoic acid ester obtained is water-clear, has a very low acid number and a weak intrinsic odor. It can be used without further cleaning or preparation steps and can be used, for example, as received in preparations for cosmetic applications.
- the amount of catalyst used in the process according to the invention depends on the starting components used in the esterification. The optimum amount for the particular esterification reaction can easily be determined by a person skilled in the art.
- the amount of tin (II) oxide is between 0.01 and 0.6% by weight, in particular their 0.03 to 0.1 wt .-%, based on the benzoic acid component.
- the amount of phosphorus (I) compound is preferably between 0.02 and 1% by weight and in particular between 0.07 and 0.3% by weight, again based on the amount of benzoic acid component used.
- the tin (II) oxide can be added to the reaction mixture in several stages. It has proven advantageous to add a large part of the amount of tin oxide in step (A), amounts of between 60 and 95%, in particular between 75 and 90%, of the total amount of the tin oxide having proven to be expedient. The remaining amount is added in step (B).
- reaction temperatures also largely depend on the starting materials used.
- the reaction temperatures are generally between 150 and 290 ° C. A temperature range between 200 and 240 ° C. is particularly preferred.
- the temperature in steps (A), (B) and (C) differs from one another.
- the reaction temperature can be increased in the course of the esterification reaction in order to achieve the most complete possible reaction of the benzoic acid component with the alcohol.
- the esterification process according to the invention provides benzoic acid esters which can be used as basic substances in cosmetic preparations.
- alcohol and benzoic acid with 0.1% by weight of phosphoric (1) acid based on the amount of benzoic acid, are initially introduced at room temperature and under normal pressure.
- the reaction mixture is gradually heated with stirring.
- tin (II) oxide based on the amount of benzoic acid used, is added.
- the reaction mixture is further heated to a reaction temperature of 220 ° C. with stirring.
- the water formed during the esterification is distilled off from the reaction mixture.
- the reaction is continued at 220 ° C. under normal pressure until the residual acid content in the reaction mixture has dropped to below 5%.
- the acid number of the reaction mixture is less than 25.
- the esterification reaction is continued while maintaining the temperature of about 220 ° C. and applying a vacuum of about 200 mbar until a residual acid content of about 0.9% is reached in the reaction mixture.
- the vacuum is then increased to less than 10 mbar in order to separate unreacted alcohol from the reaction mixture.
- the acid number in the reactor drops to less than 0.3 and the residual acid content reaches a value of less than 0.065%.
- reaction mixture After the unreacted alcohol has been completely removed from the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture is allowed to cool to room temperature and phosphoric acid is added to precipitate the catalyst from the reaction mixture. The precipitated catalyst is separated off using a filter press.
- the benzoic acid ester obtained is dried in vacuo.
- the product is water-clear, has a low acid number and only a very weak smell. It is commercially available under the Cetiol ® AB brand from Cognis GmbH & Co. KG.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10321107A DE10321107A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2003-05-09 | Process for the preparation of a benzoic acid ester |
| PCT/EP2004/004589 WO2004099117A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-04-30 | Method for producing a benzoate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1622859A1 true EP1622859A1 (en) | 2006-02-08 |
Family
ID=33394462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04730508A Withdrawn EP1622859A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-04-30 | Method for producing a benzoate |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070185345A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1622859A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1784375A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE10321107A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004099117A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060058547A1 (en) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-16 | Kao Corporation | Process for producing salicylic esters |
| EP1905483A1 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2008-04-02 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Alkyl benzoate mixtures |
| CN103209955A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2013-07-17 | 第一三共株式会社 | The method for preparing benzoate |
| CN112136810A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2020-12-29 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of methyl benzoate fumigant and its application |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2182397A (en) * | 1937-07-09 | 1939-12-05 | Procter & Gamble | Manufacture of ether derivatives of polyhydric alcohols |
| US3972962A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1976-08-03 | Emery Industries, Inc. | Non-migrating polymeric plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride |
| US4275222A (en) * | 1978-10-10 | 1981-06-23 | Finetex, Inc. | Benzoate ester compositions |
| US4548746A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-10-22 | Westvaco Corporation | Rosin pentaerythritol ester preparation improvement |
| US4737569A (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1988-04-12 | General Electric Company | Process for the production of substantially monoester-free diaryl esters of aromatic dicarboxylic acids |
| US4791097A (en) * | 1987-03-09 | 1988-12-13 | Finetex, Inc. | Benzoic acid esters and their use |
| US5006585A (en) * | 1989-09-05 | 1991-04-09 | Huls America Inc. | Stain-resistant plasticizer compositions and method of making same |
| US5959130A (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1999-09-28 | Finetex, Inc. | Castor based benzoate esters |
| DE10110746A1 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-12 | Bayer Ag | Process for the preparation of benzyl hydroxybenzoates |
-
2003
- 2003-05-09 DE DE10321107A patent/DE10321107A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-04-30 US US10/556,233 patent/US20070185345A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-04-30 WO PCT/EP2004/004589 patent/WO2004099117A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-04-30 EP EP04730508A patent/EP1622859A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-30 CN CNA2004800126288A patent/CN1784375A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004099117A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070185345A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
| CN1784375A (en) | 2006-06-07 |
| WO2004099117A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 |
| DE10321107A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20051029 |
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| AK | Designated contracting states |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: KRUEPPEL, HEINZ-JOSEF Inventor name: FIEG, GEORG Inventor name: SUESSENBACH, ANDREAS Inventor name: SCHOLINAKIS, KONSTANTINOS Inventor name: SCHWERIN, ALBRECHT Inventor name: BIEHL, PETRA |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BIEHL, PETRA Inventor name: FIEG, GEORG Inventor name: KRUEPPEL, HEINZ-JOSEF Inventor name: SCHWERIN, ALBRECHT Inventor name: SCHOLINAKIS, KONSTANTINOS Inventor name: SUESSENBACH, ANDREAS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20090330 |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20100310 |