Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/003—Balconies; Decks
  • E04B1/0038—Anchoring devices specially adapted therefor with means for preventing cold bridging
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
  • E04C5/03—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance with indentations, projections, ribs, or the like, for augmenting the adherence to the concrete
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
  • E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
  • E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
  • E04C5/165—Coaxial connection by means of sleeves

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
• An anchor rod for an injection anchor is known from WO 96/21087.
• the anchor rod consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic tube that contains both longitudinal and helically wound fibers.
• the Kurtststoffrohr has a thread on both ends.
• a drill bit is screwed onto one thread.
• Half of a sleeve is screwed onto the other thread.
• a threaded pin of a Boro machine is screwed into the projecting end of the sleeve.
• the drilling process is then started. After the drilling depth specified by the anchor rod length has been reached, an additional anchor rod can be screwed into the sleeve instead of the threaded pin and the drilling process can be continued.
• injection material is pressed into the borehole through the tubular anchor rod. Finally, an anchor plate is pushed over the protruding end of the anchor tube and a nut is screwed onto the thread and tightened against the anchor plate.
• Glass-fiber reinforced plastic threaded rods from H. Weidmann AG, Rapperswil, are commercially available, which have a full cross-section and a thread formed over the entire length of the rod. Hexagonal nuts for these threaded rods are also commercially available. These nuts are made of plastic or steel. The threads are designed as coarse threads. In the case of coarse threads, there is a relatively large margin between screw and nut.
• These coarse threads have curved thread surfaces and obtuse flank angles of up to 140 or 150 degrees with respect to the longitudinal direction of the thread. They have the advantage that the fiber structure of the threaded rod can follow the course of the thread and can therefore be formed continuously. The transmission of force from the thread to long, uncut fibers is very direct. Therefore, large forces can be transferred to the threaded rod via the coarse thread.
• threads of a type customary for metal connections for example metric threads
• normal threads are referred to as normal threads for better differentiation from coarse threads. Normal threads have simply curved thread surfaces and acute flank angles of at most 60 degrees. Thanks to their high precision and pointed flank angles, normal threads are practically slip-free.
• Coarse threads have the disadvantage compared to normal threads that they have a relatively large slip, i.e. have a relatively large displacement of the rod relative to a nut or a threaded sleeve. This slip occurs as a result of tensile or compressive forces acting parallel to the longitudinal axis of the thread and the rod. This slip limits the use of threaded rods made of fiber-reinforced plastic with a coarse thread.
• FRP especially GRP rods
• tensile strength combined with low thermal conductivity and their corrosion resistance
• a central problem in building applications is the reliability of connecting FRP threaded rods.
• the mentioned large slip of coarse threads is certainly an obstacle, although there are also applications in which this slip would be tolerable or without disadvantage.
• Components bridging thermal insulation layers is also their low modulus of elasticity, or their significantly higher elasticity than structural steel.
• a fastening element is known from DE 19947913. This is used to attach loads to a building wall with thermal insulation.
• This fastening element has an elongated insulating element made of stainless steel, plastic (eg recycled polyurethane), glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced plastic, wood or a combination thereof.
• the fastener has an attachment end to be attached to a building wall and a load end to which a load can be attached.
• An internal thread is provided at the end of the load for attaching a load attachment means.
• a threaded sleeve is glued to both ends of the insulating element, which threaded sleeves have an internal thread.
• tensile and compressive forces are the adhesive connection on the unstructured surface of the insulating element and for transverse forces the relationship between length and cross section of the element.
• fastening devices are therefore also proposed which have two or three fastening elements, the load ends of which are arranged on a common mounting plate.
• transverse forces are divided into compressive or tensile forces in the individual fastening elements. It is the object of the invention to propose a device which enables or achieves a statically reliable and thermally optimal connection of tensile forces through thermal insulation.
• pressure and transverse forces should also be able to be transmitted through the thermal insulation.
• a device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE-A 19947913.
• This device has at least one rod made of fiber-reinforced plastic. This is used to transfer load through a thermal insulation layer.
• both ends of the rod each extend into a first end of a threaded sleeve, which end forms a first load application means.
• An intermediate space between the threaded sleeve and the rod is at least partially filled with a hardened filler and adhesive.
• a second load application means for absorbing forces to be transmitted to the rod is formed on each of the threaded sleeves.
• a thermal insulation layer is part of the device according to the invention.
• the rod is formed by a threaded rod with an external thread, which extends through the thermal insulation layer.
• the threaded sleeves each have an internal thread that is accessible from the first end of the threaded sleeve and corresponds to the external thread of the threaded rod.
• a threaded sleeve is screwed onto the threaded rod along a common longitudinal axis.
• the distance bridged with fiber composite materials should be as small as possible so that the modulus of elasticity, which is low compared to steel, or the high elasticity of the GRP or FRP does not have a negative effect in a load situation.
• the thermal insulation layer therefore advantageously consists of high-quality thermal insulation, in particular vacuum thermal insulation boards, whose lambda value is between 0.004 and 0.020 W / mK.
• This material allows insulation thicknesses of 1.5 to 2 cm to be provided, while at the same time exceeding the insulation properties of conventional insulation materials with an insulation layer thickness of 8 to 15 cm. In this way, improved thermal insulation can be achieved despite the small distance between two structures connected to the threaded rod. With such low insulation layer thicknesses, the elasticity of the tension element is of much less importance than with conventional, larger layer thicknesses.
• two or more threaded rods are arranged next to one another as parallel tension rods. All threaded rods advantageously penetrate the same vacuum insulation board or the same panel from several vacuum insulation boards.
• a panel made of several thermal insulation panels advantageously has rectangular vacuum panels between the FRP rods, and in an area around the FRP rods that is penetrated by the FRP rods, spacers and pressure bodies, highly insulating foam panels with recesses for the penetrations.
• the space between the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve is at least partially and advantageously completely filled with a hardened filler and adhesive.
• This filling and adhesive compound prevents an unwanted loosening of the threaded sleeve from an intended position. It also hinders a displacement of the threaded rod in the threaded sleeve along the longitudinal axis and therefore reduces or prevents slippage.
• the external thread of the threaded rod and the internal thread of the threaded sleeve are expediently in engagement with one another. This allows the thread sleeve to be preloaded against the threaded rod before the filler and adhesive have hardened. In order to achieve the smallest possible slip under load, the threaded rod and the are advantageous
• Threaded sleeve biased against each other. Because that's how the slip is before the load situation entered and the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve are fixed against each other in a position in which practically no further slip occurs under load.
• a preferably straight-line channel is advantageously formed in the longitudinal direction of the thread in the threaded rod and / or in the threaded sleeve.
• the channel connects at least one handling of the coiled space with an outside space outside the threaded sleeve. It advantageously connects all the passages of the coiled space with each other and with an outside space outside the threaded sleeve.
• the internal thread is merely a first load application means, and there is a second load application means on the threaded sleeve, which is accessible from the second end of the threaded sleeve.
• This can be an external thread or an internal thread, the axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis. It can also be a hook or an eyelet.
• a reinforcement bar for reinforced concrete is advantageously connected or connectable to the second load application means, which bar consists of structural steel or stainless steel.
• a head with a normal thread is expediently formed on the reinforcement bar.
• the head may be upset. This allows the formation of a normal thread with a diameter that is larger than the diameter of the reinforcing bar.
• the external thread of the FRP threaded rod is expediently designed as a coarse thread.
• the fibers of the threaded rod which are present in the interior of the thread comb, continuously follow both in adjacent areas of the thread comb and in the area of the thread base therebetween.
• the device according to the invention has the advantage that the two threaded sleeves can be arranged at a distance from one another.
• the threaded rod made of fiber-reinforced plastic connecting the threaded sleeves over this distance has a much smaller one
• Thermal conductivity as structural steel or stainless steel and essentially forms the only structurally necessary thermal bridge. This allows an insulation layer to be arranged in the area between the threaded sleeves and thus a statically reliable and thermally optimal connection of tensile forces, compressive forces, transverse forces or combinations of these forces through the thermal insulation.
• the internal thread forms a first load application means and there is a second load application means on both threaded sleeves.
• the second load application means is expediently accessible from the second end of the threaded sleeve. This allows the tensile and compressive forces to be transmitted in the direction of the tensile and compressive forces to connecting elements made of conventional materials, such as reinforcing bars made of structural steel. Such connection elements can therefore be cheaper to manufacture and process than the FRP threaded rod and also have a higher thermal conductivity.
• the first ends of the threaded sleeves are advantageously arranged at a distance from one another which is in a range from 15 to 40 mm, preferably in a range from 20 to 35 mm.
• the elastic deformation of the fiber composite material starts to play a crucial role in many construction applications.
• these areas already allow, with high-quality thermal insulation such as Vacuum thermal insulation elements to achieve excellent thermal insulation between the threaded sleeves and the components in which the threaded sleeves are present.
• two parallel plates are advantageously present between the two first ends of the threaded sleeves.
• the first ends of the threaded sleeves are in abutment with the surfaces of the two plates facing away from one another.
• a thermal insulation layer is advantageously arranged between the plates.
• the spacer is advantageously a fiber-reinforced plastic body for reasons of corrosion resistance, pressure resistance and low thermal conductivity. The spacer advantageously maintains a prestress between the threaded sleeves.
• a shear force rod is arranged at a distance from the longitudinal axis of the threaded rod and penetrates the plates and is anchored in the plates.
• a device can serve as a cantilever panel connection element.
• the threaded sleeves are connected to the tensile reinforcements of two, thermally separated, concrete slabs and transfer the forces occurring in the tensile reinforcement of the concrete slabs to the threaded rod. Forces acting transversely to the longitudinal axis can be absorbed and directed from the lower area of the cross-section of the concrete slabs into the upper area of the concrete slabs in order to be transferred from one concrete slab to the other with the FRP rods.
• a pressure element is further advantageously arranged between the plates at a distance from the longitudinal axis of the threaded rod.
• This pressure body transfers pressure forces from one to the other concrete slab. Thanks to the distance from the threaded rod transmitting tensile forces, moments can be absorbed with the pressure body and / or the FRP rod absorbing compressive forces and the threaded rod absorbing tensile forces, which allows a projecting component to be connected to a load-bearing component.
• the pressure body can be arranged around the transverse force rod. It is advantageously a fiber-reinforced plastic part, the direction of the fibers of which is essentially perpendicular to the plates.
• the shear bar can e.g. be a threaded rod that is identical to the threaded rod that absorbs tensile forces.
• glass fibers for the fiber reinforcement of the plastic are preferred both in the threaded rod which absorbs tensile forces, in the transverse force rod, in the spacer and in the pressure element, because the glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP) are inexpensive to maintain and are poor heat conductors.
• a pretension is advantageously created between the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve, and this pretension is maintained, at least until the jointing and adhesive composition has hardened.
• the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve are fixed against each other in this control after the slip produced by the preload has occurred. This reduces that later in the truck occurring slip on practically no need.
• the preload is expediently created in the load direction expected later.
• a channel for the filler and adhesive composition which is directed transversely to the coils of the thread, is advantageously formed on the threaded rod and / or on the threaded sleeve.
• This channel penetrates the thread comb at least once, preferably repeatedly over the entire area of the internal thread, and is led out of the area of the internal thread.
• the channel is expediently formed by cutting, in particular milling, an incision into the threaded rod paraUel to a longitudinal axis of the threaded rod.
• the incision is advantageously cut or milled out into the material on the thread base of the threaded rod or the threaded sleeve.
• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a special nut with a coarse thread and a normal male thread, and in the coarse thread a GRP threaded rod
• FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a special nut with a coarse thread and a normal external thread
• a GRP threaded rod cast into the coarse thread 3 shows a detailed longitudinal section through the coarse thread of such a special nut
• FIG. 4 is a perspective sketch of a cantilever panel connection element (without insulation layer) with an upper tension rod in two special nuts and a lower transverse force and pressure rod,
• FIG. 5 shows a perspective sketch of a cantilever panel connection element which is thermally insulated with VIP insulation boards, with two upper tension rods and two lower transverse force rods made of GRP
• FIG. 6 shows a horizontal section through a cantilever panel connection element with reinforcing bars connected to the special nuts
• FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a GRP threaded rod with filling channel in its threaded area to be screwed into a special nut
• 8 shows a view of a special nut with a filling channel
• FIG. 9 shows a vertical section in a plane containing the axes of the GRP rods through a cantilever plate connection element according to FIG. 5, but without reinforcing bars
• FIG. 10 shows a vertical section in the plane of the thermal insulation layer through the cantilever plate connection element according to FIG. 6.
• the special nuts 11 and 12 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can also be referred to as threaded sleeves 11 and 12. They both have a first threaded section 15 with a coarse thread at a first end 13 of a nut body 14. At the opposite end 17 of the nut body 14 both have a second threaded section 19 with a metric ISO standard thread.
• an internal thread 21 with the coarse thread on a common axis 20 is shown as the normal thread.
• This embodiment is preferred.
• the internal threads of both threaded sections 15 and 19 are connected so that there is a continuous opening in the special nut 11.
• both threaded sections could just as well be formed in blind holes.
• the standard thread is an external thread 23 coaxial with the coarse thread.
• the coarse thread is formed in a blind hole 25.
• the first threaded section 15 with the coarse thread and / or the second threaded section 19 with the normal thread could also be formed over the entire length of the special nut. In any case, an overlap of the two threaded sections 15, 19 is possible if the external thread has a correspondingly larger diameter than the internal thread.
• the coarse thread is a thread, as is used in a nut for GRP rods from Weidmann.
• Figure 3 shows the dimensions in millimeters.
• the largest diameter of the thread ' is denoted by "D”, the smallest with “d”.
• the radius of the concave thread base 27 and the thread flanks 29 is denoted by "R”.
• the intermediate area between two thread flanks in the area of the Thread comb is designated with "Z”.
• P a longitudinal section through the thread, the identical shape is repeated at a distance labeled "P".
• the flanks 29 in the internal thread can also be flattened in such a way that they appear as a straight line in a longitudinal section.
• the flank angle ⁇ is in any case in a range between 90 and approximately 150 degrees. Therefore, the deviation of the flanks from the axial direction of the threaded rod axis 20 is between 15 and 45 degrees.
• Threaded rods 30 screwed therein are shown in both special nuts according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
• flank angles are obtuse in the known GRP threaded rods, so that on the one hand the fibers in the outer area of the threaded rod can follow the thread structure and, on the other hand, a radial pressure of the threaded rod occurs when a force is applied in the longitudinal direction of the rod.
• the thread structure is visible as a series of concave circular arc sections.
• the circular arc radius is 8.5 mm ( ⁇ 0.1 mm) long for nuts for threaded rods of the mentioned dimension and the greatest distance of the circular arc from the rod axis is 25.7 mm (+0.2 mm, -0 mm).
• the smallest distance between the thread structure and the rod axis is 23 mm ( ⁇ 0.1 mm) and is formed by a surface on a cylinder surface, which is visible in a longitudinal section through the internal thread as a short straight line between the circular arc sections.
• the space between the external thread and the internal thread has a thickness of 0.15 to 0.45 mm with even distribution in the area of the largest diameter of the thread. In the area of the smallest diameter, the thickness of the space is between 0.25 and 0.55 mm with even distribution.
• the internal thread is attached to the external thread with a curved flank and the space between them can have a maximum thickness of approximately one millimeter.
• the fiber path is shown in the threaded rod 30. The fibers follow the course of the thread contour in an outer region of the threaded rod 30. As the distance from the outer surface of the threaded rod 30 increases, the fibers are stretched more and more and are parallel to the longitudinal axis 20.
• the threaded rod 30 is loosely screwed into the special nut 11.
• a relatively large space 37 is present between the internal thread of the first threaded section 15 of the special nut 11 and the external thread of the threaded rod 30 screwed therein. Because of this space 37, the threaded rod 30 can be displaced in the longitudinal direction relative to the special nut 37 by a small amount.
• the two cooperating threads are shown in a position that acts under the action of tensile force.
• the thread flanks 29 of the internal thread and the thread flanks 39 of the external thread lie against one another in the pulling direction.
• the flanks 29, 39 are at an increased distance, compared to the distance of the corresponding thread flanks 29, 39 in FIG. 1.
• the space between the threads is provided with a jointing and adhesive compound filled.
• a synthetic resin comes primarily as a jointing and adhesive compound, e.g. Epoxy resin in question. Epoxy resins can be processed in a fluid manner and cure in a highly pressure-resistant manner.
• the rod is fixed in a control unit in which slippage has already occurred under load.
• the problem of slip is therefore minimized.
• Pouring out with a and adhesive also has the advantage that bonding of the threaded rod and special nut is achieved, which in turn prevents slippage.
• two plates 31 are arranged at a distance from one another.
• the plates 31 are parallel to one another and parallel to one another.
• two spacers 33 are arranged at a distance from one another.
• These spacers 33 are also made of FRP e.g. GRP, with the majority of the fibers perpendicular to the surfaces of the plates 31, and define the minimum distance between the plates 31.
• the spacers 33 are ring bodies.
• Two GRP threaded rods extend through the plates 31 and the spacers 33 near the two ends of the longitudinal plate 31.
• the one, lower threaded rod serves as a shear force and pressure rod 32 and is fixed in the two plates 31 with short coarse thread nuts 35.
• the shear force and pressure rod 32 extends through the coarse thread nuts. Its ends are free from the nuts.
• These coarse thread nuts 35 tie a collar 36 extending through the plate around the transverse force rod 32 and thus enlarge the area for transmitting transverse forces between plates 31 and transverse force rod 32. For mechanical stress reasons, this collar must be made of steel so that the steel plate due to the transverse load FRP staff not injured or sheared off.
• These coarse thread nuts can also be used to preload the transverse force rod 32.
• the other, upper threaded rod is shown in broken lines in FIG. 4. It serves as a tensile and transverse force rod 30 and is seated with its ends within two long special nuts 11.
• the special nuts 11 have a collar 36 protruding into the bore in the plate 31 (FIG. 9). This collar takes on the same task of increasing the lateral force on an enlarged area as the collar takes on with the short coarse thread nuts 35.
• FIG. 5 the element according to FIG. 4 is shown twice next to one another.
• the plates 31 of the two elements are in two parallel planes and are on both sides of a thermal insulation layer 41 arranged adjacent.
• the spacers 33 are within the thermal insulation layer 41.
• the two elements are combined with the thermal insulation layer 41 to form an installation element.
• 11 iron rods are screwed into the normal thread at the second ends 17 of the four special nuts.
• the iron bars are reinforcing bars 43, the ends of which are each compressed into a thickened head 45. Threads 47 are cut at these head flanges 45. These threads 47 are screwed into the normal thread 19 (FIG. 1) on the special nuts 11.
• FIG. 6 shows a horizontal section through a cantilever plate connecting element with two tension rods 30 in four special nuts 11, each with two special nuts 11 on a common plate 31.
• Thermal insulation 41 is present between the panels 31.
• Spacers 33 are provided around the tension rods 30 within the thermal insulation layer 41.
• Reinforcing bars 43 are screwed into the second ends 17 of the special nuts 11.
• Embodiment just two shear bars 32 before. It is also possible to provide one or three shear bars 32 in this installation element.
• the GRP tension rods 30 are screwed into the special nuts 11.
• the space between the screwed threads is filled with epoxy resin.
• a channel 49 can be provided in the thread area, in which the two threads cooperate.
• the channel 49 is preferably lined in the threaded rod 30, but it can also be lined in the special nut 11.
• the cross section according to FIG. 7 through a threaded rod 30 shows an incision in the longitudinal direction of the threaded rod 11.
• the incision is flanked parallel to the longitudinal axis 20 and has an essentially rectangular cross section. Instead of the rectangular cross-sectional shape of the incision, its cross-section can also be wedge-shaped.
• FIG. 8 shows a view of a special nut with a channel milled therein for filling the intermediate space 37 with a filling compound. So that the channel is continuous when the threads are screwed into one another, it cuts deeper than the respective thread root 51 into the material of the thread.
• the threaded rod 30 is screwed into the nut 11 and the space between the external thread of the threaded rod 30 and the internal thread of the nut 11 is filled with a liquid, high-strength hardening compound and adhesive.
• the joint and adhesive is cured or the joint and adhesive are allowed to harden while a preload is applied to the connection between the threaded rod and the nut.
• the gap is filled before a preload is applied or even when the preload already exists.
• a pull rod e.g. a reinforcement of a reinforced concrete slab.
• the pull rod can be hooked into a hook that is flanked on the special nut, pushed through a hole in the special nut, or screwed onto the special nut.
• the preferred connection of this pull rod and the special nut is done via cooperating normal threads on the pull rod and on the special nut.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 again show the described features of a cantilever plate connecting element, for example: the thin thermal insulation layer 41 between the two steel plates 31,
• the space to be filled with adhesive and adhesive is, thanks to the annular spacer 33, continuously lined from one nut 11 to the other nut 11, and can therefore also be carried out in one operation from one end of the nut.
• FIG. 10 also shows in a longitudinal section through the thermal insulation layer that it is composed of vacuum panels 41 'and highly insulating foam panels 41 ".
• a panel 41" made of phenolic resin foam is used in the area of the force-transmitting elements. This means that these elements do not have to penetrate the vacuum plates 41 '.
• a special nut which has an obtuse flank angle, is fitted into a special nut adapted to an FRP threaded rod.
• a normal thread with an acute flank angle is advantageously provided on the same special nut.
• the two threads are accessible from opposite ends of the special nut.
• the threaded rod is or is expediently preloaded into the

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

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• 2004
  • 2004-10-11 WO PCT/CH2004/000619 patent/WO2005035892A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2004-10-11 AT AT04761959T patent/ATE453025T1/de active
  • 2004-10-11 EP EP04761959A patent/EP1680559B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-10-11 DE DE502004010557T patent/DE502004010557D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

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