EP1673231B1 - Security document provided with different marking characteristics - Google Patents
Security document provided with different marking characteristics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1673231B1 EP1673231B1 EP04765834A EP04765834A EP1673231B1 EP 1673231 B1 EP1673231 B1 EP 1673231B1 EP 04765834 A EP04765834 A EP 04765834A EP 04765834 A EP04765834 A EP 04765834A EP 1673231 B1 EP1673231 B1 EP 1673231B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value document
- value
- feature
- feature substance
- substance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
- B42D25/387—Special inks absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet light
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S283/00—Printed matter
- Y10S283/901—Concealed data
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S283/00—Printed matter
- Y10S283/904—Credit card
Definitions
- the invention relates to a value document, in particular a banknote, having a value document substrate and at least two different feature substances for checking the value document.
- the value document contains a machine authenticated low security feature formed of a single material.
- the low security feature returns a yes / no answer indicating the presence or absence of the queried property.
- the low security feature is used for authenticity testing in applications where a simple detector is used, such as in retail outlets.
- Another high-security feature which can also be authenticated by machine, has difficult-to-prove properties and enables a more in-depth query of the value document as well as authentication at a much higher level. Examination of the high security feature is complex and takes place, for example, in central banks.
- This high-security feature is a homogeneous mixture of two substances with different physical properties, such as the excitation wavelength for luminescence emission or coercivity, etc.
- the object of the invention is to propose a generic value document which, in addition to increased counterfeit security, also includes a possibility of value recognition.
- value recognition is understood to mean the evaluation of encoded information for a specific user group.
- the encoded information may, for example, represent the denomination, the currency, the series, the issuing country or other features of the banknote in a banknote.
- the publication DE-A-10204870 is a document of value according to the preamble of claim 1 can be removed.
- the value document according to the invention has a first and a second feature substance, which are incorporated or incorporated into the value-document substrate in the form of mutually independent codings. As explained in detail below, this combination creates a complex feature system that is very difficult to adjust for a counterfeiter.
- the feature system allows users from different user groups to perform both an authenticity check and a value recognition on the document.
- the feature substances used by the various user groups or their characteristic properties are completely separated from each other.
- users of a user group can use a characteristic property of the first feature substance for the authenticity check and the coding formed by the first feature substance for value recognition.
- Users of another user group can use a characteristic feature of the second feature substance for the authenticity check, and use the coding formed by the second feature substance for value recognition.
- Both user groups can thus use the codes formed by the feature substances in order to be able to perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. The exact execution of the authenticity check and the value recognition will be described in detail below.
- These user groups may be central banks, commercial banks, any trading companies, such as local transport companies, department stores or vending machine operators, etc.
- a third feature substance is introduced into the volume of the value document substrate.
- the third feature substance can in principle be introduced into the volume of the value document substrate in any distribution, but also form a predetermined ordered structure. After a preferred Embodiment of the invention, however, the third feature substance is distributed substantially uniformly in the volume of the value document substrate, so that sufficiently large volume elements of the same size each contain substantially the same amount of the third feature substance.
- the distribution can be regular, but also take place in a predetermined regular pattern.
- the third feature substance is preferably introduced into the substrate volume with a random distribution.
- the third feature substance is preferably added to the paper pulp before sheet formation.
- the marker can also be introduced into the near-surface volume region of a paper substrate. This is done, for example, according to one of the publications EP-A-0 659 935 and DE 101 20 818 described method in which the particles of the marker mixed into a gas stream or a liquid stream and introduced into a wet paper web.
- One or more of the feature substances are preferably formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances. It is also possible to use luminescent substances for all the feature substances used.
- luminescent substances or mixtures are used which emit in the infrared spectral range and which in particular have a complex, difficult to adjust spectral emission characteristic. This emission characteristic can be used in particular to distinguish the luminescent substances from similar luminescent substances. But you can also do it be used to generate a coding by the form of the emission or / and excitation spectra of the luminescent substances, which is preferably used for the first feature substance.
- the wavelength range from 750 nm and greater, preferably 800 nm and greater.
- a luminescent substance is selected, the luminescence of which can easily be excited and detected by commercially available detectors.
- At least one of the luminescent feature substances is a luminescent substance based on a host lattice doped with rare earth elements. It is also possible for more or all of the luminescent substances to be formed on the basis of such a doped host lattice. These luminescent substances may e.g. be excited that is irradiated directly into the absorption bands of rare earth ions. In preferred variants, absorbent host lattices or so-called “sensitizers" can be used, which absorb the excitation radiation and transferred to the rare earth ion, which then emits the luminescence. It is understood that the host lattices and / or the dopants for the different feature substances can be different in order to obtain different excitation and / or emission regions.
- the host lattice in the visible spectral range and optionally, in particular in the case of the first or third feature substance additionally absorbs up to about 1.1 ⁇ m in the near infrared range.
- the excitation can then take place via light sources, such as halogen lamps, LEDs, lasers, flash lamps or xenon arc lamps, with high efficiency, so that only small quantities of the luminescent substance are required.
- light sources such as halogen lamps, LEDs, lasers, flash lamps or xenon arc lamps
- the small amount of substance makes it difficult to detect the substance used for potential counterfeiters. Absorbs the host lattice in the near infrared up to about 1.1 microns, so easily detectable emission lines of rare earth ions can be suppressed, so that only the more complex to be detected emission remains at longer wavelengths.
- luminescent substances are used which absorb even in the visible spectral range, preferably over the largest part of the visible spectral range, particularly preferably into the near infrared range. Even then, emissions in these more easily accessible spectral ranges are suppressed.
- the host lattice may, for example, have a perovskite structure or a garnet structure and be doped with a rare earth element emitting in the infrared spectral region, such as praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium or ytterbium.
- a rare earth element emitting in the infrared spectral region such as praseodymium, neodymium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium or ytterbium.
- Other possible embodiments of the host lattice and the dopant are in the EP-B-0 052 624 or the EP-B-0 053 124 listed.
- the encodings may represent any type of characters or patterns, such as an alphanumeric string, as an alternative or in addition to encoding by the shape of the emission spectra.
- at least one of the codings represents a barcode.
- any one- or two-dimensional pattern is referred to as a barcode which consists of strips or areas with the feature substance (s) ("bars") and strips or areas lying between the bars Feature substances ("gaps").
- the bars / gaps represent sequence is a binary sequence of numbers that represents any information, including encrypted information about the value document.
- the barcode may in particular be invisible to the naked eye and detectable only after irradiation with a suitable light source by its emission or absorption in a specific spectral range. Barcodes are particularly suitable for machine read-out and provide an almost error-free reading result, especially in combination with check digits.
- standard formats such as the code 2/5, the code 2/5 interleaved, the code 128 or the code 39, as well as special formats used only for the value documents according to the invention come into question as barcodes.
- two-dimensional barcodes that provide a particularly highly condensed record and increased redundancy, making them less sensitive to production tolerances, can be used.
- the codings formed by the first and second marking substances are independent of one another according to the invention. This preferably means that they are not applied together or into the same areas of the value document. Rather, the two codes are preferably applied to different locations of the value document and / or with different shape.
- the two encodings may or may not represent the same information content.
- one of the codings can have a higher information content and, for example, contain additional information in addition to the information necessary for value recognition, which makes possible a further authentication of the document.
- the type of coding may differ, for example, different types of coding and / or different encryption algorithms may be used.
- At least one of the codings extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document, in particular over the substantially entire surface of the value document.
- such a code or a part thereof may be provided with a certain offset from document to document in the case of similar documents, such as banknotes of the same denomination.
- similar documents such as banknotes of the same denomination.
- the documents are produced in endless format, this can be achieved, for example, by using a pressure roller whose circumference is a non-integer multiple of the document size.
- a series of successive documents can then contain a coding of the same content or the same form, wherein the individual documents are at the same time distinguishable from each other due to the different offset.
- the same result can be achieved if, in accordance with the desired repetition rate, a plurality of printing plates with mutually offset codings or coding parts are used.
- the value document substrate is preferably a printed or unprinted cotton fiber paper, cotton / synthetic fiber paper, a cellulose-containing paper or a coated printed or unprinted plastic film.
- a multilayer laminated substrate is also possible.
- the material of the substrate is not essential to the invention insofar as it allows only the introduction or application of the respectively required feature substances.
- the value documents according to the invention are preferably banknotes, shares, credit cards, identity cards or identity cards, passports of any kind, visas, vouchers, etc.
- the first and / or second feature substance is preferably printed on the value document substrate.
- a gravure, screen, high-pressure, flexographic, inkjet, digital, transfer or offset printing can be used.
- the printing inks used for this purpose may be transparent or contain additional color pigments which must not impair the detection of the feature substances.
- they preferably have transparent regions in the excitation and considered emission region of the luminescent substances.
- the first and / or second feature substance can preferably also be applied, in particular sprayed on, to the moist paper web during paper production in the form of the coding.
- the respective feature substance is directed onto the paper web surface in a suspension as a laminar jet with low jet pressure.
- the low jet pressure prevents the fiber structure of the paper web from changing when the suspension is applied.
- the place of application can then be seen on the finished paper for the naked eye neither in reflected light nor in transmitted light. Further possibilities and details of the application of the feature substance to a moist paper web are described in the document EP 1 253 241 A2 described.
- the second feature substance in the form of the coding on the applied moist paper web and introduced the first feature substance in the volume of the paper substrate.
- the authenticity of the value document is checked and a value recognition of the document is performed by checking at least one characteristic of the first and / or second feature substance for checking the authenticity of the value document and the first and / or second feature fabric formed coding is used to recognize the value of the value document.
- the authenticity and the value recognition of the value document are preferably determined by different user groups on the basis of different feature substances. That is, if the user belongs to a first user group, the authenticity of the value document is determined on the basis of the first feature substance, and the value identification is performed on the coding represented by the first feature substance. If the user belongs to a second user group, he / she has at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance for the authenticity check and, for the value recognition, the coding formed by the second feature substance.
- the examination or processing by a user of the first user group can take place in that at least one characteristic property of the first and / or third feature substance is used to test the authenticity of the value document.
- some of the users may be from the first user group to use the first feature substance for authentication, another part of the third feature substance.
- the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the first user group is preferably carried out by irradiating the first feature substance with radiation from its excitation region, determining the emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the first feature substance, and the Verification of authenticity and / or the recognition of value based on the measured emission is performed.
- the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the second user group is determined by emitting the second feature substance with radiation from its excitation region, the emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the second feature substance and the verification of authenticity and / or the recognition of value is carried out on the basis of the measured emission.
- the first and / or second feature substance is advantageously irradiated with visible and / or infrared radiation and determines the emission of the irradiated feature substance in the infrared spectral range.
- the irradiation is performed with a light emitting diode or laser diode.
- a first and / or third feature substance on the series or the respective existing up-grade for example, a banknote emission.
- a first and / or third feature substance on the series or the respective existing up-grade, for example, a banknote emission.
- the first and the first one can be in the up-grade of the currency third feature substance. After a certain transition period, it is conceivable to use only the third feature substance.
- the described method has the advantage that both user groups can perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort.
- a further advantage is that the users of the first and second user groups use non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances or the coding formed by them for evaluation. Therefore, for example, an analysis of a device for authentication of the second user group no reference to the procedure in the authentication of the first user group are removed, since this detection device does not query any of the properties of the first or third feature substance.
- FIG. 1 shows the banknote 10 in supervision and Fig. 2 a cross section along the line II-II of Fig.1 ,
- a first feature fabric 16 and a second feature fabric 14 are each printed in the form of a code 22 or 20 on the paper substrate 12 of the banknote 10. How best in Fig. 2
- a third feature substance 18 in the form of particles is uniformly distributed in the volume of the paper substrate 12. The particles can be added to the paper or fiber mass prior to sheet formation or introduced into the fiber matrix after the layer formation.
- the third feature substance 18 is a luminescent substance based on a rare earth-doped host lattice that emits after excitation in the range from 0.8 to 1.0 ⁇ m in the wavelength range around 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the second feature fabric 14 is printed in strip form on the front side of the banknote 10.
- the width of the individual strips 24 and / or the width of the respective intermediate spaces 26 represent an encoding 20 in which information about the banknote, in particular the denomination and currency of the banknote 10, is stored encrypted.
- the coding 20 extends substantially over the entire surface of the banknote 10.
- the printing ink used for this purpose is preferably transparent, so that the presence of the coding can not be visually recognized.
- the second feature substance 14 is likewise a luminescent substance, which is deliberately chosen so that its luminescence can easily be excited and detected with commercially available detectors in the near infrared.
- the first feature substance 16 is also printed on the bank note substrate 12 in the form of an encoding 22, in the exemplary embodiment in the form of a bar code.
- the denomination and currency of the banknote 10 is stored coded.
- the printing ink used here can also be transparent. Alternatively, it contains any color pigments that do not interfere with the luminescence test of the feature substance.
- the first feature substance 16 is formed in the exemplary embodiment by a mixture of different luminescent substances, which emit radiation after excitation with a complex spectral distribution which is difficult to follow. The spectral distribution itself can be evaluated again as a coding.
- the authenticity check and the value recognition can now be carried out by two different user groups on the basis of different combinations of the three feature substances 14, 16 and 18 or the codings 20 and 22.
- the banknote 10 of the embodiment is designed for a first user group with high security requirements and a second user group with comparatively low security requirements.
- the second user group may be simple, cash-accepting machines in parking lots or vending machines.
- inexpensive detection devices for authenticity testing and value recognition are particularly useful.
- a user of the second user group checks the authenticity of a banknote 10 by irradiating the banknote with light from the excitation area of the second feature substance 14 and the detection of an influencing luminescence signal. If a correct luminescence signal is received, the banknote is rated as genuine by the user. The presence is sufficient the correct luminescence signal, a spatially resolved evaluation or an analysis of the emission spectrum is not required for the authenticity test. Due to the choice of the luminescent substance 14, this detection can be carried out very simply and with commercially available, inexpensive detectors. If the banknote is recognized as genuine, its value can be taken from the barcode 20 if the coding scheme is known. Of course, the authenticity check and the value recognition can also be carried out in one step.
- the first group of users with their higher security requirements may, for example, include banks in which the authenticity of the banknotes is checked with high-quality and sophisticated detectors.
- This user group is the first feature substance 16 with its complex spectral emission for authenticity testing.
- the authenticity test is preferably based on the determination of the specific luminescence emission.
- the third feature substance 18 can be used with its difficult to detect infrared emission at 1.5 microns as a mark of authenticity
- the value recognition of the banknote is carried out by a user of the first user group by means of the bar code 22 formed by the first feature substance.
- the value recognition by a user of the first user group can be carried out by a more detailed analysis of the emission spectrum, whereby half-widths and / or luminescence peak intervals and / or decay times, etc. are evaluated.
- the information content of the barcode can be detected with a complex infrared detector, for example by scanning a line along the line II-II of FIG Fig.1 , be read out.
- the second user group and the first user group if they have access to the data of the second feature substances, can simultaneously use the coded representation of the information contained in the bar code 20 as an additional authenticity check on the banknote 10.
- the coded representation of the information contained in the bar code 20 can be used as an additional authenticity check on the banknote 10.
- the bar code 20 may contain the same information as the bar code 22, but in some embodiments it includes additional information beyond the information required to recognize the value, allowing further verification of the authenticity of the bill 10.
- the two user groups use non-overlapping feature substance systems for authenticity checking and value recognition. This results in an additional significant advantage that an analysis of a relatively easily accessible device for authentication of the second user group is no indication of the procedure and the basics of authentication or the value recognition of the first user group.
- Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the second feature substance 14 has already been sprayed during the papermaking in the form of the bar code 20 on the still moist paper web.
- the coding 20 then below the uppermost glue layer of the paper substrate 12th
- the first feature substance 16 can be sprayed onto the still moist paper web in the form of the bar code 22 during papermaking.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which both codings 20 and 22 are arranged under the glue layer of the paper substrate 12.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Collating Specific Patterns (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Wertdokument, insbesondere eine Banknote, mit einem Wertdokumentsubstrat und zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Merkmalsstoffen zur Prüfung des Wertdokuments.The invention relates to a value document, in particular a banknote, having a value document substrate and at least two different feature substances for checking the value document.
Aus der Druckschrift
Ein weiteres, ebenfalls maschinell authentisierbares Hochsicherheitsmerkmal besitzt schwierig nachzuweisende Eigenschaften und ermöglicht eine tiefer gehende Abfrage des Wertdokuments sowie eine Authentisierung auf einem sehr viel höheren Niveau. Die Prüfung des Hochsicherheitsmerkmals ist aufwändig und erfolgt beispielsweise in Zentralbanken. Bei diesem Hochsicherheitsmerkmal handelt es sich um eine homogene Mischung zweier Stoffe mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften, wie die Anregungswellenlänge für eine Lumineszenzemission oder Koerzitivität etc.Another high-security feature, which can also be authenticated by machine, has difficult-to-prove properties and enables a more in-depth query of the value document as well as authentication at a much higher level. Examination of the high security feature is complex and takes place, for example, in central banks. This high-security feature is a homogeneous mixture of two substances with different physical properties, such as the excitation wavelength for luminescence emission or coercivity, etc.
Das aus der
Davon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Wertdokument vorzuschlagen, das neben einer erhöhten Fälschungssicherheit zugleich eine Möglichkeit der Werterkennung beinhaltet.Based on this, the object of the invention is to propose a generic value document which, in addition to increased counterfeit security, also includes a possibility of value recognition.
Unter Werterkennung wird dabei im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung die Auswertung einer codiert vorliegenden Information für einen bestimmten Nutzerkreis verstanden. Die codierte Information kann bei einer Banknote beispielsweise die Denomination, die Währung, die Serie, das Ausgabeland oder andere Ausstattungsmerkmale der Banknote darstellen.In the context of the present invention, value recognition is understood to mean the evaluation of encoded information for a specific user group. The encoded information may, for example, represent the denomination, the currency, the series, the issuing country or other features of the banknote in a banknote.
Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch das Wertdokument mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Ein Herstellungsverfahren für solche Wertdokumente sowie zwei Verfahren zur Prüfung oder Bearbeitung derartiger Wertdokumente sind Gegenstand der nebengeordneten Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The object is achieved by the value document with the features of the main claim. A production method for such value documents as well as two methods for checking or processing such value documents are the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Der Druckschrift
Das erfindungsgemäße Wertdokument weist einen ersten und ein zweiten Merkmalsstoff auf, die in Form voneinander unabhängiger Codierungen auf bzw. in das Wertdokumentsubstrat auf- bzw. eingebracht sind. Wie nachfolgend im Detail erläutert, wird durch diese Kombination ein komplexes Merkmalssystem geschaffen, das für einen Fälscher sehr schwer nachstellbar ist. Das Merkmalssystem erlaubt es Nutzern aus unterschiedlichen Nutzerkreisen, jeweils sowohl eine Echtheitsprüfung als auch eine Werterkennung an dem Dokument durchzuführen. Dabei sind die von den verschiedenen Nutzerkreisen verwendeten Merkmalsstoffe bzw. ihre charakteristischen Eigenschaften vollständig voneinander getrennt.The value document according to the invention has a first and a second feature substance, which are incorporated or incorporated into the value-document substrate in the form of mutually independent codings. As explained in detail below, this combination creates a complex feature system that is very difficult to adjust for a counterfeiter. The feature system allows users from different user groups to perform both an authenticity check and a value recognition on the document. The feature substances used by the various user groups or their characteristic properties are completely separated from each other.
Beispielsweise können Nutzer eines Nutzerkreises eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten Merkmalsstoffs zur Echtheitsprüfung und die durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung heranziehen. Nutzer eines anderen Nutzerkreises können eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs für die Echtheitsprüfung verwenden, und die durch den zweiten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung einsetzen. Beide Nutzerkreise können so die durch die Merkmalsstoffe gebildeten Codierungen nutzen, um neben der Echtheitsprüfung ohne großen Zusatzaufwand auch eine Werterkennung an dem Dokument vornehmen zu können. Die genaue Durchführung der Echtheitsprüfung und der Werterkennung wird weiter unten ausführlich beschrieben.For example, users of a user group can use a characteristic property of the first feature substance for the authenticity check and the coding formed by the first feature substance for value recognition. Users of another user group can use a characteristic feature of the second feature substance for the authenticity check, and use the coding formed by the second feature substance for value recognition. Both user groups can thus use the codes formed by the feature substances in order to be able to perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. The exact execution of the authenticity check and the value recognition will be described in detail below.
Bei diesen Nutzerkreisen kann es sich um Zentralbanken, Geschäftsbanken, beliebige Handelsunternehmen, wie Nahverkehrsbetriebe, Warenhäuser oder Verkaufsautomatenbetreiber etc., handeln.These user groups may be central banks, commercial banks, any trading companies, such as local transport companies, department stores or vending machine operators, etc.
Die Analyse des gesamten Merkmalsystems ist außerordentlich schwierig und aufwändig, da für Dritte nicht erkennbar ist, welche Stoffe und insbesondere welche Stoffeigenschaften für die Prüfung durch die unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen verwendet werden. Selbst die Kenntnis der Vorgehensweise einer Nutzergruppe offenbart nicht die Stoffe und Methoden, die bei der oder den anderen Nutzergruppe/n für die Echtheitsprüfung und Werterkennung eingesetzt werden.The analysis of the entire feature system is extremely difficult and time-consuming, since for third parties it is not clear which substances and in particular which material properties are used for the examination by the different user groups. Even the knowledge of the approach of a user group does not reveal the substances and methods used by the other user group (s) for authenticity checking and value recognition.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Wertdokuments ist ein dritter Merkmalstoff in das Volumen des Wertdokumentsubstrats eingebracht. Der dritte Merkmalsstoff kann in das Volumen des Wertdokumentsubstrats grundsätzlich in beliebiger Verteilung eingebracht sein, aber auch eine vorgegebene geordnete Struktur bilden. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der dritte Merkmalsstoff allerdings im Wesentlichen gleichmäßig in dem Volumen des Wertdokumentsubstrats verteilt, so dass hinreichend große Volumenelemente gleicher Größe jeweils im Wesentlichen dieselbe Menge des dritten Merkmalsstoffs enthalten. Die Verteilung kann dabei regelmäßig sein, aber auch in einem vorgegebenen regelmäßigen Muster erfolgen. Bevorzugt ist der dritte Merkmalsstoff jedoch mit einer Zufallsverteilung in das Substratvolumen eingebracht.In a preferred embodiment of the value document according to the invention, a third feature substance is introduced into the volume of the value document substrate. The third feature substance can in principle be introduced into the volume of the value document substrate in any distribution, but also form a predetermined ordered structure. After a preferred Embodiment of the invention, however, the third feature substance is distributed substantially uniformly in the volume of the value document substrate, so that sufficiently large volume elements of the same size each contain substantially the same amount of the third feature substance. The distribution can be regular, but also take place in a predetermined regular pattern. However, the third feature substance is preferably introduced into the substrate volume with a random distribution.
Wird als Wertdokumentensubstrat Papier verwendet, so wird der dritte Merkmalsstoff vorzugsweise der Papiermasse vor der Blattbildung zugesetzt.If paper is used as the value-document substrate, then the third feature substance is preferably added to the paper pulp before sheet formation.
Der Markierungsstoff kann auch in den oberflächennahen Volumenbereich eines Papiersubstrats eingebracht werden. Dies erfolgt beispielsweise nach einem der in den Druckschriften
Einer oder mehrere der Merkmalsstoffe sind bevorzugt durch einen Lumineszenzstoff oder eine Mischung aus Lumineszenzstoffen gebildet. Es ist auch möglich, für alle eingesetzten Merkmalsstoffe Lumineszenzstoffe zu verwenden. Für den ersten und dritten Merkmalsstoff werden vorzugsweise Lumineszenzstoffe oder Mischungen verwendet, die im infraroten Spektralbereich emittieren und die insbesondere eine komplexe, schwer nachstellbare spektrale Emissionscharakteristik aufweisen. Diese Emissionscharakteristik kann insbesondere dafür verwendet werden, um die Lumineszenzstoffe von ähnlichen Lumineszenzstoffen zu unterscheiden. Sie kann aber auch dafür verwendet werden, um durch die Form der Emissions- oder/und Anregungsspektren der Lumineszenzstoffe eine Codierung zu erzeugen, was vorzugsweise für den ersten Merkmalsstoff genutzt wird. Unter "infraroter Spektralbereich" wird erfindungsgemäß der Wellenlängenbereich ab 750 nm und größer, vorzugsweise 800 nm und größer verstanden. Für den zweiten Merkmalsstoff wird nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ein Lumineszenzstoff gewählt, dessen Lumineszenz leicht angeregt und mit handelsüblichen Detektoren nachgewiesen werden kann.One or more of the feature substances are preferably formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances. It is also possible to use luminescent substances for all the feature substances used. For the first and third feature substance preferably luminescent substances or mixtures are used which emit in the infrared spectral range and which in particular have a complex, difficult to adjust spectral emission characteristic. This emission characteristic can be used in particular to distinguish the luminescent substances from similar luminescent substances. But you can also do it be used to generate a coding by the form of the emission or / and excitation spectra of the luminescent substances, which is preferably used for the first feature substance. Under "infrared spectral range" is understood according to the invention the wavelength range from 750 nm and greater, preferably 800 nm and greater. For the second feature substance, according to a preferred embodiment, a luminescent substance is selected, the luminescence of which can easily be excited and detected by commercially available detectors.
Bevorzugt ist wenigstens einer der lumineszierenden Merkmalsstoffe ein Lumineszenzstoff auf Basis eines mit Seltenerdelementen dotierten Wirtsgitters. Es können auch mehrere oder alle der Lumineszenzstoffe auf Basis eines solchen dotierten Wirtsgitters gebildet sein. Diese Lumineszenzstoffe können z.B. dadurch angeregt werden, dass direkt in die Absorptionsbanden der Seltenerdionen eingestrahlt wird. In bevorzugten Varianten können auch absorbierende Wirtsgitter oder so genannte "Sensitizer" eingesetzt werden, die die Anregungsstrahlung absorbieren und auf das Seltenerdion übertragen, das dann die Lumineszenz emittiert. Es versteht sich, dass die Wirtsgitter und/ oder die Dotierstoffe für die unterschiedlichen Merkmalsstoffe verschieden sein können, um unterschiedliche Anregungs- und/oder Emissionsbereiche zu erhalten.Preferably, at least one of the luminescent feature substances is a luminescent substance based on a host lattice doped with rare earth elements. It is also possible for more or all of the luminescent substances to be formed on the basis of such a doped host lattice. These luminescent substances may e.g. be excited that is irradiated directly into the absorption bands of rare earth ions. In preferred variants, absorbent host lattices or so-called "sensitizers" can be used, which absorb the excitation radiation and transferred to the rare earth ion, which then emits the luminescence. It is understood that the host lattices and / or the dopants for the different feature substances can be different in order to obtain different excitation and / or emission regions.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung absorbiert das Wirtsgitter im sichtbaren Spektralbereich und gegebenenfalls, insbesondere im Fall des ersten oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs, zusätzlich im nahen Infrarotbereich bis zu etwa 1,1 µm. Die Anregung kann dann über Lichtquellen, wie Halogenlampen, LEDs, Laser, Blitzlampen oder Xenonbogenlampen, mit hoher Effektivität erfolgen, so dass nur geringe Stoffmengen des Lumineszenzstoffs erforderlich sind. Dadurch ist beispielsweise eine Aufbringung der Lumineszenzstoffe auf das Wertdokument mit üblichen Druckverfahren möglich. Auch erschwert die geringe Stoffmenge den Nachweis der eingesetzten Substanz für potentielle Fälscher. Absorbiert das Wirtsgitter im nahen Infrarot bis zu etwa 1,1 µm, so können leicht nachweisbare Emissionslinien der Seltenerdionen unterdrückt werden, so dass nur die aufwändiger zu detektierende Emission bei größeren Wellenlängen verbleibt.In a preferred embodiment, the host lattice in the visible spectral range and optionally, in particular in the case of the first or third feature substance, additionally absorbs up to about 1.1 μm in the near infrared range. The excitation can then take place via light sources, such as halogen lamps, LEDs, lasers, flash lamps or xenon arc lamps, with high efficiency, so that only small quantities of the luminescent substance are required. As a result, for example, an application of the luminescent substances to the document of value with usual printing methods possible. Also, the small amount of substance makes it difficult to detect the substance used for potential counterfeiters. Absorbs the host lattice in the near infrared up to about 1.1 microns, so easily detectable emission lines of rare earth ions can be suppressed, so that only the more complex to be detected emission remains at longer wavelengths.
In einer alternativen bevorzugten Ausgestaltung werden Lumineszenzstoffe verwendet, die selbst im sichtbaren Spektralbereich, bevorzugt über den größten Teil des sichtbaren Spektralbereichs, besonders bevorzugt bis in den nahen Infrarotbereich hinein absorbieren. Auch dann werden Emissionen in diesen leichter zugänglichen Spektralbereichen unterdrückt.In an alternative preferred embodiment, luminescent substances are used which absorb even in the visible spectral range, preferably over the largest part of the visible spectral range, particularly preferably into the near infrared range. Even then, emissions in these more easily accessible spectral ranges are suppressed.
Das Wirtsgitter kann beispielsweise eine Perovskitstruktur oder eine Granatstruktur aufweisen und mit einem im infraroten Spektralbereich emittierenden Seltenerdelement, wie etwa Praseodym, Neodym, Dysprosium, Holmium, Erbium, Thulium oder Ytterbium, dotiert sein. Weitere mögliche Ausgestaltungen des Wirtsgitters und des Dotierstoffes sind in der
Die Codierungen können - alternativ oder zusätzlich zu der Codierung durch die Form der Emissions- bzw. Anregungsspektren - jede Art von Zeichen oder Mustern, wie etwa eine alphanumerische Zeichenfolge, darstellen. Bevorzugt stellt wenigstens eine der Codierungen einen Barcode dar. Als Barcode wird dabei jedes ein- oder zweidimensionale Muster bezeichnet, das aus Streifen bzw. Flächen mit dem oder den Merkmalsstoff/en ("Balken") und zwischen den Balken liegenden Streifen bzw. Flächen ohne Merkmalsstoffe ("Lücken") besteht. In der Regel repräsentiert die Balken/Lücken abfolge eine binäre Zahlenfolge, die eine beliebige, auch verschlüsselte Information über das Wertdokument darstellt.The encodings may represent any type of characters or patterns, such as an alphanumeric string, as an alternative or in addition to encoding by the shape of the emission spectra. Preferably, at least one of the codings represents a barcode. In this case, any one- or two-dimensional pattern is referred to as a barcode which consists of strips or areas with the feature substance (s) ("bars") and strips or areas lying between the bars Feature substances ("gaps"). As a rule, the bars / gaps represent sequence is a binary sequence of numbers that represents any information, including encrypted information about the value document.
Der Barcode kann insbesondere für das bloße Auge unsichtbar sein und nur nach Bestrahlen mit einer geeigneten Lichtquelle durch seine Emission oder Absorption in einem speziellen Spektralbereich nachweisbar sein. Barcodes eignen sich besonders für ein maschinelles Auslesen und liefern, vor allem in Verbindung mit Prüfziffern, ein fast fehlerfreies Leseergebnis. Als Barcodes kommen beispielsweise gängige Formate, wie der Code 2/5, der Code 2/5 Interleaved, der Code 128 oder der Code 39, aber auch spezielle, nur für die erfindungsgemäßen Wertdokumente eingesetzte Formate infrage. Auch zweidimensionale Barcodes, die eine besonders stark kondensierte Aufzeichnung und eine erhöhte Redundanz, was diese unempfindlicher gegen Produktionstoleranzen macht, bieten, können verwendet werden.The barcode may in particular be invisible to the naked eye and detectable only after irradiation with a suitable light source by its emission or absorption in a specific spectral range. Barcodes are particularly suitable for machine read-out and provide an almost error-free reading result, especially in combination with check digits. For example, standard formats such as the code 2/5, the code 2/5 interleaved, the code 128 or the code 39, as well as special formats used only for the value documents according to the invention come into question as barcodes. Also, two-dimensional barcodes that provide a particularly highly condensed record and increased redundancy, making them less sensitive to production tolerances, can be used.
Die von dem ersten und zweiten Markierungsstoff gebildeten Codierungen sind erfindungsgemäß voneinander unabhängig. Dies bedeutet vorzugsweise, dass sie nicht gemeinsam auf bzw. in dieselben Bereiche des Wertdokuments auf- bzw. eingebracht sind. Vielmehr sind die beiden Codierungen vorzugsweise an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Wertdokuments und/oder mit unterschiedlicher Gestalt aufgebracht. Die beiden Codierungen können, müssen jedoch nicht denselben Informationsgehalt repräsentieren. Insbesondere kann eine der Codierungen einen höheren Informationsgehalt aufweisen und beispielsweise neben den für die Werterkennung notwendigen Informationen zusätzliche Angaben enthalten, die eine weitere Authentisierung des Dokuments ermöglichen. Neben der Informationsmenge kann sich auch die Art der Codierung unterscheiden, beispielsweise können verschiedene Codierungstypen und/oder verschiedene Verschlüsselungsalgorithmen eingesetzt werden.The codings formed by the first and second marking substances are independent of one another according to the invention. This preferably means that they are not applied together or into the same areas of the value document. Rather, the two codes are preferably applied to different locations of the value document and / or with different shape. The two encodings may or may not represent the same information content. In particular, one of the codings can have a higher information content and, for example, contain additional information in addition to the information necessary for value recognition, which makes possible a further authentication of the document. In addition to the amount of information, the type of coding may differ, for example, different types of coding and / or different encryption algorithms may be used.
Bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass sich wenigstens eine der Codierungen über einen überwiegenden Teil einer Oberfläche des Wertdokuments, insbesondere über die im Wesentlichen gesamte Oberfläche des Wertdokuments erstreckt. Dadurch kann eine weiter erhöhte Fälschungssicherheit des Wertdokuments erzielt werden, da sich Lücken oder eingefügte Teile anderer, auch anderer echter Dokumente, als Störung in dieser Codierung bemerkbar machen.It is preferably provided that at least one of the codings extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document, in particular over the substantially entire surface of the value document. As a result, a further increased security against forgery of the document of value can be achieved, since gaps or inserted parts of others, including other genuine documents, are noticeable as a disruption in this coding.
Beispielsweise kann eine solche Codierung oder ein Teil derselben bei gleichartigen Dokumenten, wie sie etwa Banknoten derselben Denomination darstellen, von Dokument zu Dokument mit einem gewissen Versatz versehen sein. Werden die Dokumente im Endlosformat hergestellt, kann dies etwa durch Verwendung einer Druckwalze erreicht werden, deren Umfang ein nicht ganzzahliges Vielfaches der Dokumentgröße beträgt. Eine Reihe aufeinander folgender Dokumente kann dann eine Codierung gleichen Inhalts oder gleicher Form enthalten, wobei die einzelnen Dokumente aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Versatzes zugleich voneinander unterscheidbar sind. Im Bogendruck lässt sich das gleiche Ergebnis erzielen, wenn entsprechend der gewünschten Wiederholrate mehrere Druckplatten mit zueinander versetzten Codierungen oder Codierungsteilen verwendet werden.For example, such a code or a part thereof may be provided with a certain offset from document to document in the case of similar documents, such as banknotes of the same denomination. If the documents are produced in endless format, this can be achieved, for example, by using a pressure roller whose circumference is a non-integer multiple of the document size. A series of successive documents can then contain a coding of the same content or the same form, wherein the individual documents are at the same time distinguishable from each other due to the different offset. In sheetfed printing, the same result can be achieved if, in accordance with the desired repetition rate, a plurality of printing plates with mutually offset codings or coding parts are used.
Das Wertdokumentsubstrat ist vorzugsweise ein bedrucktes oder unbedrucktes Baumwollfaserpapier, Baumwoll-/Synthesefaserpapier, ein cellulosehaltiges Papier oder eine beschichtete bedruckte oder unbedruckte Kunststofffolie. Auch ein mehrschichtiges laminiertes Substrat kommt in Betracht. Das Material des Substrats ist dabei für die Erfindung nicht wesentlich, sofern es nur das Einbringen oder Aufbringen der jeweils geforderten Merkmalsstoffe gestattet.The value document substrate is preferably a printed or unprinted cotton fiber paper, cotton / synthetic fiber paper, a cellulose-containing paper or a coated printed or unprinted plastic film. A multilayer laminated substrate is also possible. The material of the substrate is not essential to the invention insofar as it allows only the introduction or application of the respectively required feature substances.
Bei den erfindungsgemäßen Wertdokumenten handelt es sich vorzugsweise um Banknoten, Aktien, Kreditkarten, Ausweis- oder Identitätskarten, Pässe beliebiger Art, Visa, Wertgutscheine etc.The value documents according to the invention are preferably banknotes, shares, credit cards, identity cards or identity cards, passports of any kind, visas, vouchers, etc.
Der erste und/oder zweite Merkmalsstoff wird vorzugsweise auf das Wertdokumentsubstrat aufgedruckt. Dazu kann beispielsweise ein Tiefdruck-, Siebdruck, Hochdruck-, Flexodruck-, Tintenstrahl-, Digital-, Transfer- oder Offsetdruckverfahren zum Einsatz kommen. Die hierfür verwendeten Druckfarben können transparent sein oder zusätzliche Farbpigmente enthalten, die den Nachweis der Merkmalsstoffe nicht beeinträchtigen dürfen. Im Falle der Lumineszenzstoffe weisen sie bevorzugt im Anregungs- und betrachteten Emissionsbereich der Lumineszenzstoffe transparente Bereiche auf.The first and / or second feature substance is preferably printed on the value document substrate. For this purpose, for example, a gravure, screen, high-pressure, flexographic, inkjet, digital, transfer or offset printing can be used. The printing inks used for this purpose may be transparent or contain additional color pigments which must not impair the detection of the feature substances. In the case of the luminescent substances, they preferably have transparent regions in the excitation and considered emission region of the luminescent substances.
Bei Gestaltungen, bei denen das Wertdokument ein Papiersubstrat aufweist, kann der erste und/oder zweite Merkmalsstoff bevorzugt auch bereits während der Papierherstellung in Form der Codierung auf die feuchte Papierbahn aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgesprüht werden. Beispielsweise wird dazu der jeweilige Merkmalsstoff zu einem Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Papierbahn noch feucht, aber bereits genügend verfestigt ist, in einer Suspension als laminarer Strahl mit geringem Strahldruck auf die Papierbahnoberfläche geleitet. Durch den geringen Strahldruck wird verhindert, dass sich die Faserstruktur des Papiervlieses beim Auftragen der Suspension verändert. Der Ort der Auftragung ist dann am fertigen Papier für das bloße Auge weder im Auflicht noch im Durchlicht zu erkennen. Weitere Möglichkeiten und Details der Aufbringung des Merkmalsstoffs auf eine feuchte Papierbahn sind in der Druckschrift
Es versteht sich, dass weitere Merkmalsstoffe, etwa zur weiteren Erhöhung der Fälschungssicherheit oder zur Einbindung weiterer Nutzergruppen, aufgebracht oder in das Substrat eingebracht werden können.It is understood that further feature substances, for example to further increase the security against counterfeiting or to involve other user groups, can be applied or introduced into the substrate.
Bei einem Verfahren zur Prüfung oder Bearbeitung eines oben beschriebenen Wertdokuments wird die Echtheit des Wertdokuments geprüft und eine Werterkennung des Dokuments durchgeführt, indem mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten und/oder zweiten Merkmalsstoffs zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Wertdokuments und die durch den ersten und/oder zweiten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Werterkennung des Wertdokuments verwendet wird. Vorzugsweise wird die Echtheit und die Werterkennung des Wertdokuments von unterschiedlichen Nutzergruppen anhand unterschiedlicher Merkmalsstoffe ermittelt. Das heißt, falls der Nutzer einer ersten Nutzergruppe angehört, wird die Echtheit des Wertdokuments anhand des ersten Merkmalsstoffs ermittelt und die Werterkennung über die durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff dargestellte Codierung durchgeführt. Falls der Nutzer einer zweiten Nutzergruppe angehört, steht diesem für die Echtheitsprüfung mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs und für die Werterkennung die durch den zweiten Merkmalsstoff gebildete Codierung zur Verfügung.In a method for checking or processing a value document described above, the authenticity of the value document is checked and a value recognition of the document is performed by checking at least one characteristic of the first and / or second feature substance for checking the authenticity of the value document and the first and / or second feature fabric formed coding is used to recognize the value of the value document. The authenticity and the value recognition of the value document are preferably determined by different user groups on the basis of different feature substances. That is, if the user belongs to a first user group, the authenticity of the value document is determined on the basis of the first feature substance, and the value identification is performed on the coding represented by the first feature substance. If the user belongs to a second user group, he / she has at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance for the authenticity check and, for the value recognition, the coding formed by the second feature substance.
Ist das Wertdokument mit einem dritten Merkmalsstoff versehen, so kann die Prüfung oder Bearbeitung durch einen Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe dadurch erfolgen, dass zur Prüfung der Echtheit des Wertdokuments mindestens eine charakteristische Eigenschaft des ersten und/oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs verwendet wird. Beispielsweise kann ein Teil der Nutzer aus der ersten Nutzergruppe den ersten Merkmalsstoff zur Echtheitsprüfung verwenden, ein anderer Teil den dritten Merkmalsstoff.If the value document is provided with a third feature substance, then the examination or processing by a user of the first user group can take place in that at least one characteristic property of the first and / or third feature substance is used to test the authenticity of the value document. For example, some of the users may be from the first user group to use the first feature substance for authentication, another part of the third feature substance.
Ist der erste Merkmalsstoff ein Lumineszenzstoff, so erfolgt die Echtheitsprüfung oder Werterkennung durch einen Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe vorzugsweise dadurch, dass der erste Merkmalsstoff mit Strahlung aus seinem Anregungsbereich bestrahlt wird, die Emission bei zumindest einer Wellenlänge aus dem Emissionsbereich des ersten Merkmalsstoffs bestimmt wird und die Prüfung der Echtheit und/oder die Werterkennung auf Grundlage der gemessenen Emission durchgeführt wird.If the first feature substance is a luminescent substance, then the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the first user group is preferably carried out by irradiating the first feature substance with radiation from its excitation region, determining the emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the first feature substance, and the Verification of authenticity and / or the recognition of value based on the measured emission is performed.
In analoger Weise erfolgt, falls der zweite Merkmalsstoff ein Lumineszenzstoff ist, die Echtheitsprüfung oder Werterkennung durch einen Nutzer der zweiten Nutzergruppe dadurch, dass der zweite Merkmalsstoff mit Strahlung aus seinem Anregungsbereich bestrahlt wird, die Emission bei zumindest einer Wellenlänge aus dem Emissionsbereich des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs bestimmt wird und die Prüfung der Echtheit und/ oder die Werterkennung auf Grundlage der gemessenen Emission durchgeführt wird.In an analogous manner, if the second feature substance is a luminescent substance, the authenticity check or value recognition by a user of the second user group is determined by emitting the second feature substance with radiation from its excitation region, the emission at at least one wavelength from the emission region of the second feature substance and the verification of authenticity and / or the recognition of value is carried out on the basis of the measured emission.
Der erste und/oder zweite Merkmalsstoff wird dabei mit Vorteil mit sichtbarer und/ oder infraroter Strahlung bestrahlt und die Emission des bestrahlten Merkmalsstoffs im infraroten Spektralbereich bestimmt. Vorzugsweise wird die Bestrahlung mit einer Leuchtdiode oder Laserdiode durchgeführt.The first and / or second feature substance is advantageously irradiated with visible and / or infrared radiation and determines the emission of the irradiated feature substance in the infrared spectral range. Preferably, the irradiation is performed with a light emitting diode or laser diode.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann bei Anwesenheit eines ersten und/ oder dritten Merkmalsstoffes auf die Serie bzw. das jeweilig vorliegende Up-Grade z.B. einer Banknotenemission geschlossen werden. So kann z.B. in einer ursprünglich ausgegebenen Währung nur der erste Merkmalsstoff vorliegen und im Up-Grade der Währung der erste und der dritte Merkmalsstoff. Nach einer gewissen Übergangsfrist ist es denkbar, nur noch den dritten Merkmalsstoff einzusetzen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention can be concluded in the presence of a first and / or third feature substance on the series or the respective existing up-grade, for example, a banknote emission. Thus, for example, only the first feature substance can be present in an originally issued currency and the first and the first one can be in the up-grade of the currency third feature substance. After a certain transition period, it is conceivable to use only the third feature substance.
Bei den beschriebenen Verfahren ergibt sich als Vorteil, dass beide Nutzerkreise neben der Echtheitsprüfung ohne großen Zusatzaufwand eine Werterkennung an dem Dokument vornehmen können. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass die Nutzer der ersten und zweiten Nutzergruppe nicht überlappende Kombinationen der Merkmalsstoffe bzw. der durch sie gebildeten Codierung zur Auswertung verwenden. Daher kann beispielsweise einer Analyse einer Vorrichtung zum Echtheitsnachweis der zweiten Benutzergruppe keinerlei Hinweis auf das Vorgehen bei der Echtheitsprüfung der ersten Benutzergruppe entnommen werden, da diese Nachweisvorrichtung keine der Eigenschaften des ersten oder dritten Merkmalsstoffs abfragt.The described method has the advantage that both user groups can perform value recognition on the document in addition to the authenticity check without much additional effort. A further advantage is that the users of the first and second user groups use non-overlapping combinations of the feature substances or the coding formed by them for evaluation. Therefore, for example, an analysis of a device for authentication of the second user group no reference to the procedure in the authentication of the first user group are removed, since this detection device does not query any of the properties of the first or third feature substance.
Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele sowie Vorteile der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Figuren erläutert. Zur besseren Anschaulichkeit wird in den Figuren auf eine maßstabs- und proportionsgetreue Darstellung verzichtet.Further embodiments and advantages of the invention are explained below with reference to the figures. For better clarity, a scale and proportioned representation is omitted in the figures.
Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Banknote nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2
- einen Schnitt durch die Banknote von
Fig.1 entlang der Linie II-II, und - Fig. 3 und 4
- Schnitte einer Banknote nach weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a banknote according to an embodiment of the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a section through the banknote of
Fig.1 along the line II-II, and - 3 and 4
- Sections of a banknote according to further embodiments of the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nun am Beispiel einer Banknote erläutert. Zunächst zeigen die
Ein erster Merkmalstoff 16 und ein zweiter Merkmalstoff 14 sind jeweils in Form einer Codierung 22 bzw. 20 auf das Papiersubstrat 12 der Banknote 10 aufgedruckt. Wie am besten in
Der zweite Merkmalsstoff 14 ist in Streifenform auf die Vorderseite der Banknote 10 aufgedruckt. Die Breite der einzelnen Streifen 24 und/ oder die Breite der jeweiligen Zwischenräume 26 stellen dabei eine Codierung 20 dar, in der Informationen über die Banknote, insbesondere die Denomination und Währung der Banknote 10, verschlüsselt abgelegt sind. Die Codierung 20 erstreckt sich dabei im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Fläche der Banknote 10. Die hierfür verwendete Druckfarbe ist vorzugsweise transparent, so dass die Anwesenheit der Codierung visuell nicht erkannt werden kann. Der zweite Merkmalsstoff 14 ist ebenfalls ein Lümineszenzstoff, welcher gezielt so gewählt ist, dass seine Lumineszenz leicht angeregt und mit handelsüblichen Detektoren im nahen Infrarot nachgewiesen werden kann.The
Auch der erste Merkmalsstoff 16 ist in Form eine Codierung 22, im Ausführungsbeispiel in Form eines Barcodes, auf das Banknotensubstrat 12 aufgedruckt. In dem Barcode 22 ist die Denomination und Währung der Banknote 10 codiert abgelegt. Auch die hier verwendete Druckfarbe kann transparent sein. Alternativ enthält sie beliebige Farbpigmente, die die Lumineszenzprüfung des Merkmalsstoffs nicht stören. Der erste Merkmalsstoff 16 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel durch eine Mischung aus verschiedenen Lumineszenzstoffen gebildet, die nach Anregung Strahlung mit einer komplexen und schwer nachzustellenden spektralen Verteilung emittiert. Die spektrale Verteilung selbst kann dabei nochmals als Codierung ausgewertet werden.The
Die Echtheitsprüfung und die Werterkennung kann nun von zwei unterschiedlichen Benutzergruppen anhand unterschiedlicher Kombinationen der drei Merkmalsstoffe 14,16 und 18 bzw. der Codierungen 20 und 22 vorgenommen werden. Die Banknote 10 des Ausführungsbeispiels ist für eine erste Nutzergruppe mit hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen und eine zweite Nutzergruppe mit vergleichsweise niedrigen Sicherheitsanforderungen ausgelegt.The authenticity check and the value recognition can now be carried out by two different user groups on the basis of different combinations of the three
Bei der zweiten Nutzergruppe kann es sich beispielsweise um einfache, Geldscheine annehmende Automaten auf Parkplätzen oder Verkaufsautomaten handeln. Für diesen Einsatz sind preiswerte Nachweisvorrichtungen zur Echtheitsprüfung und Werterkennung besonders sinnvoll.For example, the second user group may be simple, cash-accepting machines in parking lots or vending machines. For this use inexpensive detection devices for authenticity testing and value recognition are particularly useful.
Ein Nutzer der zweiten Nutzergruppe prüft die Echtheit einer Banknote 10 durch Bestrahlen der Banknote mit Licht aus dem Anregungsbereich des zweiten Merkmalsstoffs 14 und dem Nachweis eines einsprechenden Lumineszenzsignals. Wird ein korrektes Lumineszenzsignal empfangen, so wird die Banknote von dem Nutzer als echt bewertet. Dabei genügt das Vorhandensein des korrekten Lumineszenzsignals, eine ortsaufgelöste Auswertung oder eine Analyse des Emissionsspektrums ist für die Echtheitsprüfung nicht erforderlich. Aufgrund der Wahl des Lumineszenzstoffes 14 kann dieser Nachweis sehr einfach und mit handelsüblichen, preiswerten Detektoren erfolgen. Ist die Banknote als echt erkannt, kann ihr Wert bei bekanntem Codierungsschema dem Strichcode 20 entnommen werden. Die Echtheitsprüfung und die Werterkennung kann selbstverständlich auch in einem Schritt durchgeführt werden.A user of the second user group checks the authenticity of a
Die erste Nutzergruppe mit ihren höheren Sicherheitsanforderungen kann beispielsweise Banken umfassen, in denen die Echtheit der Banknoten mit hochwertigen und aufwändigen Detektoren geprüft wird. Dieser Nutzergruppe dient der erste Merkmalsstoff 16 mit seiner komplexen spektralen Emission zur Echtheitsprüfung. Die Echtheitsprüfung stützt sich dabei vorzugsweise auf die Feststellung der konkreten Lumineszenzemission. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der dritte Merkmalsstoff 18 mit seiner schwer nachweisbaren Infrarotemission bei 1,5 µm als Echtheitskennzeichen verwendet werdenThe first group of users with their higher security requirements may, for example, include banks in which the authenticity of the banknotes is checked with high-quality and sophisticated detectors. This user group is the
Die Werterkennung der Banknote wird von einem Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe mithilfe des durch den ersten Merkmalsstoff gebildeten Barcodes 22 ausgeführt. Zusätzlich oder alternativ zum Barcode kann die Werterkennung von einem Nutzer der ersten Nutzergruppe durch eine tiefer gehende Analyse des Emissionsspektrums, wobei Halbwertsbreiten und/oder Lumineszenzpeakabstände und/ oder Abklingzeiten etc. bewertet werden, ausgeführt werden. Aufgrund der Emission des ersten Merkmalsstoffs kann der Informationsgehalt des Barcodes mit einem aufwändigen Infrarotdetektor, beispielsweise durch Abscannen einer Zeile entlang der Linie II-II der
Die zweite Nutzergruppe und die erste Nutzergruppe, falls diese Zugang zu den Daten der zweiten Merkmalsstoffe hat, können die codierte Darstellung der im Strichcode 20 enthaltenen Information gleichzeitig auch als eine zusätzliche Authentizitätsprüfung an der Banknote 10 verwenden. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass nur bestimmte Kombinationen von Streifenbreiten 22 und Lückenbreiten 24 zulässige Codierungen bilden. Zu breite oder zu schmale Streifen, wie sie bei Manipulationsversuchen an der Banknote leicht auftreten können, werden bei der Prüfung der Banknoten als unzulässig erkannt, und die Banknote als manipuliert zurückgewiesen. Auch grundsätzlich zulässige Codierungen, die jedoch im Prüfkontext nicht vorkommen können, können erkannt und abgewiesen werden.The second user group and the first user group, if they have access to the data of the second feature substances, can simultaneously use the coded representation of the information contained in the
Der Strichcode 20 kann dieselbe Information wie der Barcode 22 enthalten, in manchen Ausführungsformen enthält er jedoch über die zur Werterkennung erforderlichen Informationen hinaus zusätzliche Angaben, die eine weitere Überprüfung der Authentizität der Banknote 10 ermöglichen.The
Die beiden Benutzergruppen verwenden erfindungsgemäß nicht überlappende Merkmalsstoffsysteme zur Echtheitsprüfung und Werterkennung. Daraus ergibt sich als zusätzlicher wesentlicher Vorteil, dass eine Analyse einer vergleichsweise leicht zugänglichen Vorrichtung zum Echtheitsnachweis der zweiten Nutzergruppe keinen Hinweis auf die Vorgehensweise und die Grundlagen der Echtheitsprüfung oder der Werterkennung der ersten Nutzergruppe gibt.According to the invention, the two user groups use non-overlapping feature substance systems for authenticity checking and value recognition. This results in an additional significant advantage that an analysis of a relatively easily accessible device for authentication of the second user group is no indication of the procedure and the basics of authentication or the value recognition of the first user group.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der erste Merkmalsstoff 16 während der Papierherstellung in Form des Barcodes 22 auf die noch feuchte Papierbahn aufgesprüht werden.
Claims (29)
- A value document (10), in particular bank note, having a value document substrate (12) and at least two different feature substances (16, 14) for checking the value document (10), whereby first (16) and second (14) feature substances form mutually independent codings (20, 22), the second feature substance (14) being applied to the value document substrate (12), and the first feature substance (16) being applied to the value document substrate (12) or incorporated into the volume of the value document substrate (12), characterized in that the first (16) and second (14) feature substances have at least one characteristic property for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the first (16) and second (14) feature substances form codings (20, 22) for recognition of the value of the value document (10).
- The value document according to claim 1, characterized in that a third feature substance (18) is incorporated into the volume of the value document substrate (12).
- The value document according to claim 2, characterized in that the third feature substance (18) is distributed substantially uniformly within the volume of the value document substrate (12).
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one of the feature substances (14, 16, 18) is formed by a luminescent substance or a mixture of luminescent substances.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one of the feature substances (14, 16, 18) is formed on the basis of a host lattice doped with rare earth elements.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one coding (20, 22) extends over a predominant part of a surface of the value document (10), in particular over the substantially total surface of the value document (10).
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one coding (20, 22) is a bar code.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one coding (20, 22) lies in the material properties, in particular in the form of the emission and/or excitation spectra, of the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one coding (20, 22) represents information about the value document (10), the information being present in encrypted or unencrypted form.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the codings (20, 22) formed by the first (16) and second (14) marking substances are applied at different places of the value document (10) and/or with different shapes.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the codings (20, 22) formed by the first (16) and second (14) marking substances represent different information contents.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the value document substrate (12) comprises a printed or unprinted cotton fiber paper.
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the value document substrate (12) comprises a printed or unprinted plastic film.
- The value document according to at least one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the first and/or second feature substance (16, 14) is printed on the value document substrate (12).
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance is sprayed in the form of the coding onto a moist paper web forming the value document substrate (12).
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the first feature substance (16) is present within the volume of the value document substrate (12) or near the surface in the value document substrate (12).
- The value document according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance is colorless or has only little inherent color in the visible spectral range.
- A. method for producing a value document according to any of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the first (16) and second (14) feature substances form mutually independent codings (20, 22), the second feature substance (14) being applied to the value document substrate (12), and the first feature substance (16) being applied to the value document substrate (12) or incorporated into the volume of the value document substrate (12).
- The production method according to claim 18, characterized in that the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance is printed on the value document substrate (12).
- The production method according to claim 18, wherein the value document substrate (12) is formed by a printed or unprinted cotton paper, characterized in that the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance is sprayed onto a moist paper web forming the value document substrate (12).
- The production method according to at least one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that a third feature substance (18) is incorporated into the value document substrate (12).
- A method for checking or processing a value document according to any of claims 1 to 17, wherein the authenticity of the value document (10) is checked and a value recognition of the value document (10) carried out by using at least one characteristic property of the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding (20, 22) formed by the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance for the value recognition of the value document (10).
- The method according to claim 22, characterized in that a first user group uses at least one characteristic property of the first feature substance (16) for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding (22) formed by the first marking substance (16) for the value recognition of the value document (10).
- The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that a second user group uses at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance (14) for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding (20) formed by the second feature substance (14) for the value recognition of the value document (10).
- The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that at least one characteristic property of the first (16) and/or third (18) feature substance is used for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding (22) formed by the first feature substance (16) is used for the value recognition of the value document (10) by the first user group, and at least one characteristic property of the second feature substance (14) is used for checking the authenticity of the value document (10), and the coding (20) formed by the second feature substance (14) is used for the value recognition of the value document (10) by the second user group.
- The method according to at least one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the first feature substance (16) is a luminescent substance, and for the authenticity check or value recognition by the first user group the first feature substance (16) is irradiated with radiation from its excitation range, the emission is determined at at least one wavelength from the emission range of the first feature substance (16), and the check of authenticity and/or the value recognition is carried out on the basis of the determined emission.
- The method according to at least one of claims 22 to 26, characterized in that the second feature substance (14) is a luminescent substance, for the authenticity check or value recognition by the second user group the second feature substance (14) is irradiated with radiation from its excitation range, the emission is determined at at least one wavelength from the emission range of the second feature substance (14), and the check of authenticity and/or the value recognition is carried out on the basis of the determined emission.
- The method according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the first (16) and/or second (14) feature substance is irradiated with visible and/or infrared radiation, and the emission of the irradiated feature substance (16, 14) is determined in the infrared spectral range.
- The method according to at least one of claims 26 to 28, characterized in that the irradiation is performed with a light-emitting diode or laser diode.
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| CN101930141B (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2013-04-10 | 中国人民银行印制科学技术研究所 | Liquid crystal machine-readable anti-false element |
| UY32945A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2011-05-31 | Sicpa Holding Sa | TICKET VALIDATOR |
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| CN103895379B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-04-27 | 中国人民银行印制科学技术研究所 | The manufacture method of security pattern and there is the product of security pattern |
| DE102020131382A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 | 2022-06-02 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Method for marking products with an optical security feature with a time dimension |
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2003
- 2003-10-08 DE DE10346632A patent/DE10346632A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2004
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- 2004-10-05 WO PCT/EP2004/011129 patent/WO2005035261A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013034603A1 (en) | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-14 | Bundesdruckerei Gmbh | Method and arrangement for verifying a security document having a security feature in the form of a fluorescent printing element and use of such an arrangement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BRPI0415244B1 (en) | 2016-08-09 |
| BRPI0415244A (en) | 2006-12-12 |
| US20070210574A1 (en) | 2007-09-13 |
| CN1867460B (en) | 2010-05-05 |
| DE502004007081D1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| US7819434B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 |
| EP1673231A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
| WO2005035261A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| ES2302024T3 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
| ES2302024T5 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
| CN1867460A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
| PL1673231T3 (en) | 2008-10-31 |
| EP1673231B2 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
| PL1673231T5 (en) | 2020-10-05 |
| ATE394242T1 (en) | 2008-05-15 |
| DE10346632A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
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