EP1663968A1 - Process for the preparation of pure levetiracetam - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of pure levetiracetamInfo
- Publication number
- EP1663968A1 EP1663968A1 EP04769257A EP04769257A EP1663968A1 EP 1663968 A1 EP1663968 A1 EP 1663968A1 EP 04769257 A EP04769257 A EP 04769257A EP 04769257 A EP04769257 A EP 04769257A EP 1663968 A1 EP1663968 A1 EP 1663968A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solvent
- levetiracetam
- ether
- under vacuum
- pure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229960004002 levetiracetam Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- HPHUVLMMVZITSG-ZCFIWIBFSA-N levetiracetam Chemical compound CC[C@H](C(N)=O)N1CCCC1=O HPHUVLMMVZITSG-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical group CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-butyl acetate Natural products CC(C)COC(C)=O GJRQTCIYDGXPES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M isocaproate Chemical compound CC(C)CCC([O-])=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropanol acetate Natural products CC(C)OC(C)=O JMMWKPVZQRWMSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940011051 isopropyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid Chemical compound CC(C)CC(O)=O GWYFCOCPABKNJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isovaleric acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)CC(C)C OQAGVSWESNCJJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 claims 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HPHUVLMMVZITSG-LURJTMIESA-N levetiracetam Chemical compound CC[C@@H](C(N)=O)N1CCCC1=O HPHUVLMMVZITSG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZGHRUXLFLIMTAG-QHHAFSJGSA-N (e)-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)but-2-enamide Chemical compound C\C=C(C(N)=O)\N1CCCC1=O ZGHRUXLFLIMTAG-QHHAFSJGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IODGAONBTQRGGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(O)=O)N1CCCC1=O IODGAONBTQRGGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010001488 Aggression Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HPHUVLMMVZITSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etiracetam Chemical compound CCC(C(N)=O)N1CCCC1=O HPHUVLMMVZITSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- IODGAONBTQRGGG-LURJTMIESA-N Levetiracetam acid Chemical compound CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)N1CCCC1=O IODGAONBTQRGGG-LURJTMIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016571 aggressive behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009876 asymmetric hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001146 hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000302 ischemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008024 pharmaceutical diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/263—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/27—2-Pyrrolidones with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to other ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/4015—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. piracetam, ethosuximide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/08—Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
Definitions
- levetiracetam is (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetamide and is known from U.S. Patent No. 4,943,639.
- Levetiracetam is used as a protective agent for the treatment and prevention of hypoxic and ischemic type aggressions of the central nervous system. It is also effective in the treatment of epilepsy.
- 4,943,639 discloses the preparation of levetiracetam by reacting (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetic acid successively with alkylhaloformate and with ammonia.
- (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrroiidineacetic acid in turn was obtained by the chemical resolution of racemic ( ⁇ )-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo- 1 - pyrrolidineacetic acid.
- 6,107,492 and 6,124,473 describe the preparation of levetiracetam by optical resolution of the racemic mixture of alpha- ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetamide through simulated mobile bed chromatography or preparative high performance liquid chromatography.
- WO 01/64637 discloses the preparation of levetiracetam by asymmetric hydrogenation of (Z) or (E)-2-(2- oxotetrahydro-lH-l-pyrrolyl)-2-butenamide, using a chiral catalyst. Summary of the Invention In one aspect there is provided a process for preparing pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%.
- the process includes obtaining a solution of crude levetiracetam in one or more solvents; removing undissolved material; and recovering the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% from the solution thereof by the removal of the solvent.
- the solvent may be one or more of ketone, nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ether, cyclic ether or mixtures thereof.
- the ketone may include one or more of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
- the nitrile may include acetonitrile.
- the hydrocarbon may include toluene.
- the chlorinated hydrocarbon may include one or more of methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride.
- the ether may include one or more of diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether.
- the cyclic ether may include dioxane and tetrahydrofuran.
- Removing the solvent may include one or more of distillation, distillation under vacuum, filtration, filtration under vacuum, evaporation, decantation and centrifugation. The process may include further drying of the product obtained.
- additional/second solvent may be added to residue obtained after removal of the solvent and it may be cooled before filtration to obtain better yields of the pure levetiracetam.
- additional/second solvent examples include esters such as ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, toluene and heptane; lower alkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and mixtures thereof.
- the process may produce the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%. In particular, it may produce the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.8%.
- a pharmaceutical composition that includes a therapeutically effective amount of pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%; and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
- the inventors also have developed pharmaceutical compositions that contain the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% for example, more than 99.8%, in admixture with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutical diluents, carriers, and/or excipients.
- the levetiracetam may be prepared by the methods known in the literature. In particular, it may be prepared using the reactions and techniques described in U.S. Patent No. 4,943,639; PCT patent application WO 01/64637; and British patent GB 2225322.
- the term "crude levetiracetam” includes levetiracetam having optical purity of not less than 90%. In general, the solution of crude levetiracetam may be obtained by dissolving crude levetiracetam in a suitable solvent.
- such a solution may be obtained directly from a reaction in which levetiracetam is formed.
- the solvent containing crude levetiracetam may be heated to obtain a solution. It can be heated from about 30°C to about reflux temperature of the solvent used, for example from about 30°C to about 100°C.
- the term "obtaining” includes dissolving, slurrying, stirring or a combination thereof.
- the pure levetiracetam may be recovered from the solution by a technique which includes, for example, distillation, distillation under vacuum, filtration, filtration under vacuum, evaporation, decantation, and centrifugation.
- suitable solvent includes any solvent or solvent mixture in which crude levetiracetam is soluble, including, for example, ketone, nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon and mixtures thereof.
- a suitable ketone includes one or more of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
- nitrile include acetonitrile.
- hydrocarbon include toluene and examples of chlorinated hydrocarbons include one or more of methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride.
- ethers include solvents such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether and cyclic ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran.
- the undissolved material may be removed by a technique which includes filtration, filtration under vacuum, centrifugation, and decantation. In general, after removing the undissolved material, the resulting solution may be cooled before recovering the pure levetiracetam. The solution may also be concentrated before cooling. Additional or second solvent may be added to residue obtained after concentration and it may be cooled before filtration to obtain better yields of the pure levetiracetam.
- additional/second solvent examples include esters such as ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, toluene and heptane; lower alkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and mixtures thereof.
- Example 1 Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (123g, optical purity ⁇ 96.00%) was mixed with acetone (2800ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 60 minutes. The undissolved material was then filtered through hyflo bed and washed with acetone (200ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and concentrated under vacuum at 35 to 40°C to about 240ml of the volume. To the resulting slurry, ethyl acetate (480ml) was charged and stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature. The solid so obtained was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (100ml). It was dried under vacuum at 40 to 45°C till loss on drying was less than 0.5% to give the pure product. Yield: 108g
- Example 2 Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (lOOg, optical purity ⁇ 98.48%) was mixed with acetone (2300ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 60 minutes. The undissolved material was then filtered through hyflo bed and washed with acetone (160ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and concentrated under vacuum at 35 to 40°C to about 200ml. Ethyl acetate (200ml) was then charged into the resulting slurry and stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature. The solid so obtained was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (400ml). The wet solid product was dried under vacuum at 40 to 45°C till loss on drying was less than 0.5% to give the pure product. Yield: 87g
- Example 3 Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (36g, optical purity ⁇ 96.00%) was mixed with acetone
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to processes for the preparation of pure levetiracetam. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions that include the pure levetiracetam.
Description
PROCESS FORTHE PREPARATION OFPURELEVETIRACETAM Field of the Invention The field of the invention relates to processes for the preparation of pure levetiracetam. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions that include the pure levetiracetam. Background of the Invention Chemically, levetiracetam is (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetamide and is known from U.S. Patent No. 4,943,639. Levetiracetam is used as a protective agent for the treatment and prevention of hypoxic and ischemic type aggressions of the central nervous system. It is also effective in the treatment of epilepsy. U.S. Patent No. 4,943,639 discloses the preparation of levetiracetam by reacting (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetic acid successively with alkylhaloformate and with ammonia. (S)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrroiidineacetic acid, in turn was obtained by the chemical resolution of racemic (±)-alpha-ethyl-2-oxo- 1 - pyrrolidineacetic acid. U.S. Patent Nos. 6,107,492 and 6,124,473 describe the preparation of levetiracetam by optical resolution of the racemic mixture of alpha- ethyl-2-oxo-l-pyrrolidineacetamide through simulated mobile bed chromatography or preparative high performance liquid chromatography. WO 01/64637 discloses the preparation of levetiracetam by asymmetric hydrogenation of (Z) or (E)-2-(2- oxotetrahydro-lH-l-pyrrolyl)-2-butenamide, using a chiral catalyst. Summary of the Invention In one aspect there is provided a process for preparing pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%. The process includes obtaining a solution of crude levetiracetam in one or more solvents; removing undissolved material; and recovering the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% from the solution thereof by the removal of the solvent. The solvent may be one or more of ketone, nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ether, cyclic ether or mixtures thereof. The ketone may include one or more of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone. The nitrile may include acetonitrile. The hydrocarbon may include toluene. The chlorinated hydrocarbon may include one or more of methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride. The ether may include
one or more of diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether. The cyclic ether may include dioxane and tetrahydrofuran. Removing the solvent may include one or more of distillation, distillation under vacuum, filtration, filtration under vacuum, evaporation, decantation and centrifugation. The process may include further drying of the product obtained. In another general aspect additional/second solvent may be added to residue obtained after removal of the solvent and it may be cooled before filtration to obtain better yields of the pure levetiracetam. Examples of additional/second solvent include esters such as ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, toluene and heptane; lower alkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and mixtures thereof. The process may produce the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%. In particular, it may produce the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.8%. In another aspect there is provided a pharmaceutical composition that includes a therapeutically effective amount of pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%; and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents. The details of one or more embodiments of the inventions are set forth in the description below. Other features, objects and advantages of the inventions will be apparent from the description and claims. Detailed Description of the Invention The inventors have developed a process for the preparation of pure levetiracetam, by obtaining a solution of crude levetiracetam in one or more solvents; removing undissolved material; and recovering the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% from the solution thereof by the removal of the solvent. The inventors also have developed pharmaceutical compositions that contain the pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% for example, more than 99.8%, in admixture with one or more solid or liquid pharmaceutical diluents, carriers, and/or excipients.
The levetiracetam may be prepared by the methods known in the literature. In particular, it may be prepared using the reactions and techniques described in U.S. Patent No. 4,943,639; PCT patent application WO 01/64637; and British patent GB 2225322. The term "crude levetiracetam" includes levetiracetam having optical purity of not less than 90%. In general, the solution of crude levetiracetam may be obtained by dissolving crude levetiracetam in a suitable solvent. Alternatively, such a solution may be obtained directly from a reaction in which levetiracetam is formed. The solvent containing crude levetiracetam may be heated to obtain a solution. It can be heated from about 30°C to about reflux temperature of the solvent used, for example from about 30°C to about 100°C. The term "obtaining" includes dissolving, slurrying, stirring or a combination thereof. The pure levetiracetam may be recovered from the solution by a technique which includes, for example, distillation, distillation under vacuum, filtration, filtration under vacuum, evaporation, decantation, and centrifugation. The term "suitable solvent" includes any solvent or solvent mixture in which crude levetiracetam is soluble, including, for example, ketone, nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon and mixtures thereof. A suitable ketone includes one or more of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone. Examples of nitrile include acetonitrile. Examples of hydrocarbon include toluene and examples of chlorinated hydrocarbons include one or more of methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride. Examples of ethers include solvents such as diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether and cyclic ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran. Mixtures of all of these solvents are also contemplated. The undissolved material may be removed by a technique which includes filtration, filtration under vacuum, centrifugation, and decantation. In general, after removing the undissolved material, the resulting solution may be cooled before recovering the pure levetiracetam. The solution may also be concentrated before cooling. Additional or second solvent may be added to residue
obtained after concentration and it may be cooled before filtration to obtain better yields of the pure levetiracetam. Examples of additional/second solvent include esters such as ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate; hydrocarbons such as hexane, cyclohexane, toluene and heptane; lower alkyl ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether and mixtures thereof. The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples which are provided merely to be exemplary of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention. Certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (123g, optical purity ~ 96.00%) was mixed with acetone (2800ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 60 minutes. The undissolved material was then filtered through hyflo bed and washed with acetone (200ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and concentrated under vacuum at 35 to 40°C to about 240ml of the volume. To the resulting slurry, ethyl acetate (480ml) was charged and stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature. The solid so obtained was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (100ml). It was dried under vacuum at 40 to 45°C till loss on drying was less than 0.5% to give the pure product. Yield: 108g
Chromatographic purity = 99.99%
Optical purity = 99.95%
Example 2: Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (lOOg, optical purity ~ 98.48%) was mixed with acetone (2300ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 60 minutes. The undissolved material was then filtered through hyflo bed and washed with acetone (160ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and concentrated under vacuum at 35 to 40°C to about 200ml. Ethyl acetate (200ml) was then charged into the resulting slurry and stirred for 20 minutes at ambient temperature. The solid so obtained was filtered and washed with ethyl acetate (400ml). The wet solid product was dried under vacuum at 40 to 45°C till loss on drying was less than 0.5% to give the pure product.
Yield: 87g
Chromatograpliic purity = 99.99%
Optical purity = 99.95%
Example 3: Preparation of pure levetiracetam Crude levetiracetam (36g, optical purity ~ 96.00%) was mixed with acetone
(216ml) and refluxed at 56-57°C. The undissolved material was then filtered through hyflo bed and washed with acetone (200ml). The filtrate and washings were combined and cooled to 25°C. The resulting slurry was further stirred for about 1 hour at the same temperature. The solid so obtained was filtered and washed with acetone (18ml). It was dried under vacuum at 40 to 45°C till loss on drying was less than 0.5% to give the pure product.
Yield: 25.2g
Chromatographic purity = 99.79%
Optical purity = 99.84% While the present invention has been described in terms of its specific embodiments, certain modifications and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
We claim: 1. A process for the preparation of pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5%, the process comprising; obtaining a solution of crude levetiracetam in one or more solvents; removing undissolved material; and recovering the pure levetiracetam from the solution thereof by the removal of the solvent.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the solvent comprises one or more of ketone,nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, ether, cyclic ether or mixtures thereof.
3. The process of claim 2, wherein the ketone comprises one or more of acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone.
4. The process of claim 2, wherein the nitrile is acetonitrile.
5. The process of claim 2, wherein the hydrocarbon is toluene.
6. The process of claim 2, wherein the chlorinated hydrocarbon comprises one or more of methylene chloride and ethylene dichloride.
7. The process of claim 2, wherein the ether comprises one or more of diethyl ether and diisopropyl ether.
8. The process of claim 2, wherein the cyclic ether comprises one or more of dioxane and tetrahydrofuran.
9. The process of claim 1, wherein removing the undissolved material comprises one or more of filtration, filtration under vacuum, decantation and centrifugation.
10. The process of claim 1, wherem removing the solvent comprises one or more of distillation, distillation under vacuum, evaporation, filtration, filtration under vacuum, decantation and centrifugation.
11. The process of claim 10, wherein removing the solvent comprises one or more of distillation and distillation under vacuum.
12. The process of claim 11 further comprising adding second solvent after removing the solvent.
13. The process of claim 12, wherein the second solvent comprises one or more of esters, hydrocarbons, ethers and mixtures thereof.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the ester comprises one or more of ethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate.
15. The process of claim 13, wherein the hydrocarbon comprises one or more of hexane, cyclohexane, toluene, heptane, and octane.
16. The process of claim 13, wherein the ether comprises one or more of diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether.
17. The process of claim 10, wherein removing the solvent comprises one or more of filtration, filtration under vacuum and centrifugation.
18. The process of claim 17 further comprising cooling before removing the solvent.
19. The process of claim 1 further comprising additional drying of the product obtained.
20. The process of claim 1 further comprising forming the product obtained into a finished dosage form.
21. Pure levetiracetam having optical purity more than 99.5% prepared by the process of claim 1.
22. Pure levetiracetam having optical purity 99.8% or more prepared by the process of claim 1.
23. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the pure levetiracetam obtained by the process of claim 1 ; and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients or diluents.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN1108DE2003 | 2003-09-05 | ||
| PCT/IB2004/002850 WO2005023763A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-02 | Process for the preparation of pure levetiracetam |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1663968A1 true EP1663968A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
Family
ID=34259942
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04769257A Withdrawn EP1663968A1 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-02 | Process for the preparation of pure levetiracetam |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1663968A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005023763A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007080470A2 (en) * | 2006-01-16 | 2007-07-19 | Orchid Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals Limited | A method for the purification of levetiracetam |
| DK1810676T3 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2009-02-09 | Teva Pharma | Levetiracetam formulations and methods for their preparation |
| WO2009057137A2 (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2009-05-07 | Alembic Limited | A process for the purification of levetiracetam |
| CN103922988A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-07-16 | 苏州天马精细化学品股份有限公司 | Method for purifying levetiracetam crude product |
| CN108329247A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-07-27 | 浙江华海药业股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of small particle size Levetiracetam |
| US12528770B2 (en) | 2023-06-12 | 2026-01-20 | Suzhou Brighthope Pharmatech Co., Ltd. | Process for the production of levetiracetam and intermediates thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8412357D0 (en) * | 1984-05-15 | 1984-06-20 | Ucb Sa | Pharmaceutical composition |
| GB0004297D0 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2000-04-12 | Ucb Sa | 2-oxo-1 pyrrolidine derivatives process for preparing them and their uses |
| ATE410412T1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2008-10-15 | Ucb Pharma Sa | OXOPYRROLIDINE COMPOUNDS, METHOD FOR PREPARING THESE COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE FOR PRODUCING LEVETIRACETAM AND ANALOGUES |
| US7132552B2 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2006-11-07 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. | Process for producing levetiracetam |
-
2004
- 2004-09-02 EP EP04769257A patent/EP1663968A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-02 WO PCT/IB2004/002850 patent/WO2005023763A1/en not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005023763A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005023763A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
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