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EP1659442A1 - Unité de rétroéclairage - Google Patents

Unité de rétroéclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1659442A1
EP1659442A1 EP05025234A EP05025234A EP1659442A1 EP 1659442 A1 EP1659442 A1 EP 1659442A1 EP 05025234 A EP05025234 A EP 05025234A EP 05025234 A EP05025234 A EP 05025234A EP 1659442 A1 EP1659442 A1 EP 1659442A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflective polarizer
light
polarizer film
backlight unit
prism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05025234A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sang Gon Lee
Yun Ho Choi
Bong Taek Hong
Jung Hoon Lee
Kang Yoon Kim
Ung Sang Lee
Chang Jong Kim
Seoung Ho Lee
Jin Hwang Kab
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LG Electronics Inc
Original Assignee
LG Electronics Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LG Electronics Inc filed Critical LG Electronics Inc
Publication of EP1659442A1 publication Critical patent/EP1659442A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/13362—Illuminating devices providing polarized light, e.g. by converting a polarisation component into another one
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133536—Reflective polarizers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a backlight unit of a liquid crystal display (LCD).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • Examples of the flat panel displays are a liquid crystal display (LCD), a field emission display (FED), a plasma display panel (PDP), an electro-luminescence display (ELD), and so on. Many attempts have been made to provide an enhanced display quality and large screen of the flat panel displays.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • FED field emission display
  • PDP plasma display panel
  • ELD electro-luminescence display
  • the LCD is a non-luminous display device that displays an image using a light source such as a lamp.
  • the LCD has advantages of a small size, lightweight, and low power consumption.
  • the LCD displays an image using electrical and optical properties of liquid crystals injected inside a liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystals injected between a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate and a color filter substrate are not a light emitting material that emits light by itself, but a light receiving material that emits light by controlling an amount of an external light. Therefore, the LCD requires a backlight unit that irradiates light onto the liquid crystal panel.
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • the backlight unit includes a mold frame with a receiving space, a reflection sheet disposed in a base of the receiving space to reflect the light toward the liquid crystal panel, a light guide plate disposed on the reflection sheet to guide the light, a lamp unit disposed between the light guide plate and a sidewall of the receiving space to emit the light, optical sheets stacked on the light guide plate to diffuse and condense the light, and a top chassis disposed on the mold frame to cover from an edge portion of the liquid crystal panel to a side of the mold frame.
  • top and bottom polarizers are respectively disposed in top and bottom of the liquid crystal panel to transmit a specific polarized light of an incident light.
  • the light from the top polarizer and the light from the polarizer have a phase difference of 90° from each other.
  • the optical sheets include a diffusion sheet, a prism sheet, and a protection sheet.
  • the diffusion sheet diffuses the light
  • a prism sheet is disposed on the diffusion sheet to condense the diffused light and transmit it to the liquid crystal panel.
  • the protection sheet protects the diffusion sheet and the prism sheet.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 are a sectional view and a perspective view of a prism sheet of a backlight unit in a related art LCD, respectively.
  • a related art prism sheet 100 includes a body 110 on which a light diffused by a light guide plate and a diffusion sheet is initially incident, and a plurality of prisms 120 having an apex angle of 90° to make the diffused light travel in a constant direction.
  • the prisms 120 are linearly arranged on the body 110 in a stripe shape.
  • the related art backlight unit cannot meet a recent tendency that demands high-luminance display devices.
  • a thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film is used as a protection sheet that is disposed on the prism sheet 100 of FIGs. 1 and 2.
  • the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film transmits a specific polarized light among the light passing through the prism sheet 100, and reflects the other polarized light so that it is converted into a specific polarized light in the prism sheet 100. Then, the converted specific polarized light passes through the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film, thus increasing an amount of light passing through a bottom polarizer.
  • the specific polarized light is a polarized light passing through the bottom polarizer and may be a longitudinal wave (P wave) or a transverse wave (S wave).
  • the other polarized wave may be a transverse wave (S wave) and a longitudinal wave (S wave).
  • the related art backlight unit reuses the discarded polarized light to thereby enhance a whole luminance.
  • the related art prism sheet has a prism apex angle of 90°, if most of the light emitted from the prism sheet is vertically incident on the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film, there occurs a problem that transmits a large amount of a polarized light that has to be reflected from the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film. This problem will be described below in detail with reference to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating light transmission/reflection states of a specific region of the backlight unit using the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film.
  • FIG. 3 only the prism sheet 100, the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film 130, and the bottom polarizer 140 are illustrated.
  • the prism sheet 100 disposed under the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film 130 has a prism apex angle of 90° as illustrated in FIGs. 1 and 2. Also, it will be assumed that the polarized light passing through the bottom polarizer 140 is a longitudinal wave (P wave).
  • the longitudinal wave of the two waves (P wave and S wave) is transmitted.
  • a large amount of the transverse wave is transmitted.
  • the transmitted transverse wave cannot pass through the bottom polarizer 140 of the liquid crystal panel, the luminance is reduced as much as an amount of the transmitted transverse wave.
  • an amount of the reflected transverse wave S' is small and an amount of a longitudinal wave P' to be reused is also reduced as much. Consequently, it does not greatly influence on the enhancement of the luminance.
  • the present invention is directed to a backlight unit that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a backlight unit of an LCD, capable of enhancing an image displayed on a screen.
  • the backlight unit increases a transmittance of a specific polarized light (e.g., a longitudinal wave (P wave)) and a reflectivity of another polarized light (e.g., a transverse light (S wave)) by making light incident on a reflective polarizer film at a predetermined angle, not a right angle, thereby increasing an amount of light reused in the backlight unit.
  • a specific polarized light e.g., a longitudinal wave (P wave)
  • S wave transverse light
  • a backlight unit including: a lamp for emitting light; a light guide plate for guiding the light emitted from the lamp; and an optical sheet disposed on a path of the light emitted from the light guide plate, the optical sheet including: a prism sheet having a plurality of prisms of which apex angles are obtuse; and a reflective polarizer film for simultaneously reflecting and transmitting the light emitted from the prism sheet according to polarization components.
  • a display device including: a light source; an LCD panel; a prism sheet disposed between the light source and the LCD panel, the prism sheet having a surface provided with a linear array of prisms; and a reflective polarizer film disposed between the prism sheet and the LCD panel, wherein a prism apex angle is greater than 90° and less than or equal to 110°.
  • FIGs. 1 and 2 are a sectional view and a perspective view of a prism sheet of a backlight unit in a related art LCD;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating an operation of a prism sheet and a thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film according to the related art
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an LCD with a backlight unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of a surface reflection with respect to an angle of incidence on a reflective polarizer film in a backlight unit according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating light transmission/reflection states of a specific region of the backlight unit using a luminance enhancement film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph of a luminance distribution with respect to a prism apex angle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in case where only a prism sheet is applied to the backlight unit and in case where a prism sheet and a reflective polarizer film are applied thereto.
  • FIG.4 is a sectional view of an LCD with a backlight unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an LCD 60 includes a backlight unit 50 for emitting light, and a display unit 40 for displaying an image using the emitted light.
  • the backlight unit 50 is provided with a lamp unit 51 for emitting the light, and a light guide unit for guiding the light from the lamp unit 51 toward a liquid crystal panel 10.
  • the display unit 40 is provided with the liquid crystal panel 10, a top polarizer 30 disposed above the liquid crystal panel 10, and a bottom polarizer 20 disposed under the liquid crystal panel 10.
  • the liquid crystal panel 10 includes a TFT substrate 11 on which electrodes are formed, a color filter 12, and a liquid crystal layer (not shown) interposed between the TFT substrate 11 and the color filter substrate 12.
  • the lamp unit 51 includes a lamp 51a for emitting the light, and a lamp reflector 51b surrounding the lamp 51a.
  • the light emitted from the lamp 51a is incident on a light guide plate 52, which will be described later.
  • the lamp reflector 51b reflects the emitted light toward the light guide plate 52 to thereby increase an amount of light incident on the light guide plate 52.
  • the light guide plate 52 is disposed on one side of the lamp unit 51 and guides the light emitted from the lamp unit 51. At this point, the light guide plate 52 changes a path of the light emitted from the lamp unit 51 and guides it toward the liquid crystal panel 10.
  • a reflection plate 54 is disposed under the light guide plate 52. Light leaking out from the light guide plate 52 is again reflected toward the light guide plate 52 by the reflection plate 54.
  • the light guide unit includes the reflection plate 54, the light guide plate 52, and a plurality of optical sheets 53.
  • the optical sheets 53 are disposed above the light guide plate 52 to enhance the efficiency of the light emitted from the light guide plate 52.
  • the optical sheets 53 include a diffusion sheet 53a, a prism sheet 53b, and a reflective polarizer film 53c, which are sequentially stacked on the light guide plate 52.
  • the diffusion sheet 53a scatters the light incident from the light guide plate 52 and thus makes uniform luminance distribution.
  • a plurality of triangular prisms are formed in parallel on the prism sheet 53b.
  • the prism sheet 53b allows the light diffused by the diffusion sheet 53a to have a specific incident angle with respect to the reflective polarizer film 53c.
  • the prisms of the prism sheet 53b face the reflective polarizer film 53c in FIG. 4, they can also face the light guide plate 52.
  • the light passing through the prism sheet 53b is incident on the reflective polarizer film 53c at a predetermined angle.
  • the prism sheet 53b has isosceles prisms, whose apex angle is not right but obtuse, arranged in a stripe shape.
  • the obtuse angle ( ⁇ ) is 90° ⁇ 110°, most preferably 92 ⁇ 97°.
  • the reflective polarizer film 53c disposed above the prism sheet 53b transmits a specific polarized light passing through the bottom polarizer 20 among the light passing through the prism sheet 53b, and reflects the other polarized light so that it is converted into a specific polarized light and then transmitted.
  • the specific polarized light is a polarized light passing through the bottom polarizer 20 and may be a longitudinal wave (P wave) or a transverse wave (S wave).
  • the other polarized wave may be a transverse wave (S wave) and a longitudinal wave (S wave).
  • the reflective polarizer film 53c may be a thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film or a diffusion reflective polarizer film.
  • the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film includes a plurality of layers with different refractive indexes and transmits and reflects simultaneously according to its polarization.
  • the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film includes an additional diffusion layer on at least one side of the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film.
  • the use of the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film or the diffusion reflective polarizer film enhances the luminance by 40-70%.
  • the incident angle (p) of light on the reflective polarizer film 53c is 20° ⁇ 65°, preferably 20° ⁇ 55°. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph of a surface reflection with respect to the angle of incidence on the reflective polarizer film in the backlight unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the longitudinal wave (P wave) has the reflectivity of almost zero so that most of the longitudinal wave is transmitted, and the transverse wave has the reflectivity of 0.1 to 0.3 so that a large amount of the transverse wave is reflected.
  • the incident angle of the light on the reflective polarizer film 53c is 20° ⁇ 65°, specifically 20° ⁇ ⁇ 55°, the longitudinal wave (P wave) is transmitted and the transverse wave (S wave) is reflected, thereby taking full advantage of the above-described reflective polarizer film 53c.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating light transmission/reflection states of a specific region of the backlight unit using a luminance enhancement film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 only the prism sheet 500, the reflective polarizer film 530, and the bottom polarizer 540 are illustrated. As described above with reference to FIG. 3, the apex angle of the prism sheet 500 disposed under the reflective polarizer film 530 is obtuse.
  • the reflective polarizer film 530 may be a thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film or a diffusion reflective polarizer film.
  • the polarized light passing through the bottom polarizer 540 is the longitudinal wave (P wave).
  • the light passing through the prism sheet 500 is incident on the reflective polarizer film 530 at a predetermined angle, not a right angle.
  • the predetermined angle is in a range from 20° to 65°.
  • the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film is exemplarily illustrated as the reflective polarizer film 530.
  • the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film includes diffusion films 532 disposed on both sides of the multi-layer reflective polarizer film 531.
  • the diffusion films 532 make the light be incident on the thin multi-layer reflective polarizer film 531 at a more inclined angle and thus increase the P-wave transmission efficiency and S-wave reflection efficiency of the reflective polarizer film 530.
  • the transverse wave (S' wave) reflected from the reflective polarizer film 530 is again reflected by the prism sheet 500 and converted into the longitudinal wave (P' wave), and then again passes through the reflective polarizer film 530.
  • a larger amount of the longitudinal wave (P' wave) passes through the reflective polarizer film 530.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph of a luminance distribution with respect to a prism apex angle according to an embodiment of the present invention, in case where only the prism sheet is applied and in case where the prism sheet and the reflective polarizer film are applied.
  • a maximum luminance when only the prism sheet is applied is assigned as "1”
  • a maximum luminance when the prism sheet and the reflective polarizer film are applied is assigned as "1”.
  • the maximum luminance is obtained the prism apex angle of 90°. Meanwhile, when the prism sheet and the reflective polarizer film are applied, the maximum luminance is obtained at the prism apex angle of 95°.
  • the obtuse angel ( ⁇ ) is 90° ⁇ 110°, preferably 92° ⁇ 97°.
  • the backlight unit By making the backlight unit have the obtuse prism apex angle, the transmittance and reflectivity can be enhanced.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
EP05025234A 2004-11-18 2005-11-18 Unité de rétroéclairage Withdrawn EP1659442A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR20040094688 2004-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1659442A1 true EP1659442A1 (fr) 2006-05-24

Family

ID=35462148

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05025234A Withdrawn EP1659442A1 (fr) 2004-11-18 2005-11-18 Unité de rétroéclairage

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20060104088A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1659442A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006147566A (fr)
KR (1) KR100660707B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1776498A (fr)
TW (1) TW200622442A (fr)

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KR101580994B1 (ko) * 2009-03-13 2016-01-12 삼성전자주식회사 반사 투과 일체형 디스플레이 장치
KR101105777B1 (ko) * 2010-01-05 2012-01-17 엘지전자 주식회사 액정표시장치
KR101249656B1 (ko) * 2010-12-31 2013-04-01 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 휘도증강필름 및 이를 포함하는 백라이트 유닛
KR102046152B1 (ko) 2012-11-20 2019-11-19 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 편광판 및 이를 포함하는 액정 표시 장치
KR102090927B1 (ko) * 2012-12-31 2020-03-20 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 액정표시장치
JP2015079210A (ja) 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ 表示パネルユニット及び表示装置
KR20160017365A (ko) * 2014-08-05 2016-02-16 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 액정표시장치
US20160091750A1 (en) * 2014-09-30 2016-03-31 Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co. Ltd. Liquid crystal display device
KR101728678B1 (ko) * 2015-05-18 2017-05-02 주식회사 엘엠에스 파티클이 구비된 반사편광모듈 및 이를 구비한 백라이트 유닛
CN115023646A (zh) 2020-02-10 2022-09-06 3M创新有限公司 用于显示器的背光源

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US20060104088A1 (en) 2006-05-18
KR20060055341A (ko) 2006-05-23
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JP2006147566A (ja) 2006-06-08
KR100660707B1 (ko) 2006-12-21
CN1776498A (zh) 2006-05-24

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