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EP1647085A1 - Commutator - Google Patents

Commutator

Info

Publication number
EP1647085A1
EP1647085A1 EP04732936A EP04732936A EP1647085A1 EP 1647085 A1 EP1647085 A1 EP 1647085A1 EP 04732936 A EP04732936 A EP 04732936A EP 04732936 A EP04732936 A EP 04732936A EP 1647085 A1 EP1647085 A1 EP 1647085A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
commutator
lamellae
contacts
electric motor
armature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04732936A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christof Bernauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP1647085A1 publication Critical patent/EP1647085A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K13/00Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
    • H02K13/04Connections between commutator segments and windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/32Connections of conductor to commutator segment

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a commutator according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,057,626.
  • This commutator for an electric motor comprises fins and contact bridges, via which fins with the same electrical potential are connected to one another, and contacts arranged on fins for connecting wires of the armature winding.
  • this enables symmetrical armature currents to be forced or the number of carbon brushes required can be reduced to two.
  • the commutator according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the distance between two directly adjacent hooks is increased. This means that more space is available for wire contacting, and the number of commutator bars and anchor slots can be increased. In this way, symmetrical armature currents can also be forced or the number of carbon brushes required can be reduced to two.
  • the commutator for an electric motor comprises lamellae, contact bridges, via which lamellae with the same electrical potential are connected to one another, and contacts arranged on lamellae for connecting wires of the armature winding, not all lamellae having a contact for the armature winding.
  • the commutator preferably has n blades and m contacts, where m ⁇ n.
  • Hook commutators are particularly suitable because there is more space for wrapping with wire. Particularly with anchors with a higher number of poles (larger than two), higher useful numbers can be achieved, which reduces the ridge tension and thus the brush wear. It is therefore advantageous to make an armature for an electrical machine with an electric motor with such an armature.
  • Figure 2 shows the commutator of the electric motor in a perspective view.
  • an electric motor 10 is shown simplified in a longitudinal section.
  • the electric motor can be used in a motor vehicle, for example in a window regulator, wiper drive, blower, etc.
  • the electric motor 10 comprises a housing 12 and an armature 14 arranged therein.
  • the armature 14 has a shaft 16 and an armature package 17 with an armature winding (not shown in more detail).
  • the armature winding is connected to a commutator 20 via wires 18.
  • the commutator 20 comprises lamellae 22 with hooks 24 and lamellae 26 without hooks which are evenly distributed on the circumference and which are fastened on a base body 27 which has a bore 28 for the shaft 16.
  • the hooks 24 are contacts for connecting the wires 18 of the armature winding.
  • other contacts can also be provided.
  • slot commutators instead of the flake there is a slot into which the wire 18 is inserted. The slot is then embossed.
  • the slats 26 have no hook 24 for the armature winding.
  • contact bridges 30 are also provided, by means of which slats 22 with hooks 24 and slats 26 without hooks 24, which have the same electrical potential, are connected to one another. For the sake of simplicity, only one contact bridge 30 is shown. As a rule, the number of lamellae n is equal to the number of anchor grooves, not shown. In the case of a 4-pole electric motor 10, n / 2 contact bridges 30 would then be used between two mutually opposite slats 22, 26. The wires 18 of the armature winding are then contacted on the hook 24 - in this case directly opposite - with the same electrical potential. At least two loops of the wires 18 are then contacted on this hook 24.
  • a possible design variant would be a 4-pole motor 10 with an anchor 14 with 18 grooves and 18 slats with only 9 hooks 24 being contacted. The same principle applies to motors with a higher number of poles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a commutator (20) for an electric motor (10), comprising lamellae (22, 24), contact bridges (30) via which lamellae (22, 24) having the same electrical potential are interconnected, and contacts (26) that are disposed on lamellae (22) and are used for connecting wires (18) of the armature winding. Only every other lamella (22) is provided with a hook (26) for the wires (18) of the armature winding, thus creating more space for winding the wire (18).

Description

Kommutatorcommutator
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Kommutator nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1, wie beispielsweise aus der US 6,057,626 bekannt. Dieser Kommutator für einen Elektromotor umfasst Lamellen und Kontaktbrücken, über die Lamellen mit gleichem elektrischen Potential miteinander verbunden sind, sowie an Lamellen angeordnete Kontakte zum Anschluss von Drähten der Ankerwicklung. Dadurch können zum einen symetrische Ankerströme erzwungen oder auch die Anzahl der notwendigen Kohlebürsten auf zwei reduziert werden.The invention is based on a commutator according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known, for example, from US Pat. No. 6,057,626. This commutator for an electric motor comprises fins and contact bridges, via which fins with the same electrical potential are connected to one another, and contacts arranged on fins for connecting wires of the armature winding. On the one hand, this enables symmetrical armature currents to be forced or the number of carbon brushes required can be reduced to two.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Der erfindungsgemäße Kommutator mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 hat den Vorteil, dass der Abstand zwischen 2 direkt benachbarten Haken vergrößert wird. Damit steht mehr Raum für die Drahtkontaktierung zur Verfügung, und somit kann die Anzahl der Kommutatorlamellen und Ankernuten vergrößert werden. Auf diese Art können auch symetrische Ankerströme erzwungen werden oder die Anzahl der notwendigen Kohlebürsten auf zwei reduziert werden. Hierzu umfasst der Kommutator für einen Elektromotor Lamellen, Kontaktbrücken, über die Lamellen mit gleichem elektrischen Potential miteinander verbunden sind, und an Lamellen angeordnete Kontakten zum Anschluss von Drähten der Ankerwicklung, wobei nicht alle Lamellen einen Kontakt für die Ankerwicklung haben. Vorzugsweise hat der Kommutator n Lamellen und m Kontakte, wobei m < n. In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung hat der Kommutator n Lamellen und m Kontakte, wobei m = n / x und wobei x > 1. In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung hat nur jede zweite Lamelle einen - 9 -The commutator according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that the distance between two directly adjacent hooks is increased. This means that more space is available for wire contacting, and the number of commutator bars and anchor slots can be increased. In this way, symmetrical armature currents can also be forced or the number of carbon brushes required can be reduced to two. For this purpose, the commutator for an electric motor comprises lamellae, contact bridges, via which lamellae with the same electrical potential are connected to one another, and contacts arranged on lamellae for connecting wires of the armature winding, not all lamellae having a contact for the armature winding. The commutator preferably has n blades and m contacts, where m <n. In a further advantageous embodiment, the commutator has n blades and m contacts, where m = n / x and where x> 1. In a preferred development, only every second blade has one - 9 -
Kontakt. Besonders geeignet sind Hakenkommutatoren, da mehr Platz zum Umwickeln mit Draht bleibt. Besonders bei Ankern mit höheren Polzahlen (größer zwei) können höhere Nutzahlen erreicht werden, wodurch die Stegspannung und damit der Bürstenverschleiß abnimmt. Daher ist es vorteilhaft, einen Anker für eine elektrische Maschine mit einem Elektromotor mit einem derartigen Anker aus.Contact. Hook commutators are particularly suitable because there is more space for wrapping with wire. Particularly with anchors with a higher number of poles (larger than two), higher useful numbers can be achieved, which reduces the ridge tension and thus the brush wear. It is therefore advantageous to make an armature for an electrical machine with an electric motor with such an armature.
Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung.Further advantages and advantageous further developments result from the subclaims and the description.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgendenAn embodiment is shown in the drawing and in the following
Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Description explained in more detail. Show it:
Figur 1 ein Elektromotor in einem Längsschnitt und1 shows an electric motor in a longitudinal section and
Figur 2 den Kommutator des Elektromotors in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.Figure 2 shows the commutator of the electric motor in a perspective view.
Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment
In der Figur 1 ist ein Elektromotor 10 vereinfacht in einem Längsschnitt dargestellt. Der Elektromotor kann in einem Kraftfahrzeug beispielsweise in einem Fensterheber, Wischerantrieb, Gebläse etc. verwendet werden. Der Elektromotor 10 umfasst ein Gehäuse 12 und einen darin angeordneten Anker 14. Der Anker 14 weist eine Welle 16 und ein Ankerpaket 17 mit einer nicht näher dargestellten Ankerwicklung auf. Die Ankerwicklung ist über Drähte 18 mit einem Kommutator 20 verbunden.In Figure 1, an electric motor 10 is shown simplified in a longitudinal section. The electric motor can be used in a motor vehicle, for example in a window regulator, wiper drive, blower, etc. The electric motor 10 comprises a housing 12 and an armature 14 arranged therein. The armature 14 has a shaft 16 and an armature package 17 with an armature winding (not shown in more detail). The armature winding is connected to a commutator 20 via wires 18.
Gemäß Figur 2 umfasst der Kommutator 20 gleichmäßig am Umfang verteilte Lamellen 22 mit Haken 24 und Lamellen 26 ohne Haken, die auf einem Grundkörper 27 befestigt sind, der eine Bohrung 28 für die Welle 16 hat. Die Haken 24 sind Kontakte zum Anschluss der Drähte 18 der Ankerwicklung. Anstelle der Haken 24 können auch andere Kontakte vorgesehen sein. Zum Beispiel bei sogenannten Schlitzkommutatoren befindet sich anstatt des Flakens ein Schlitz, in den der Draht 18 eingelegt wird. Anschließend wird der Schlitz verprägt.According to FIG. 2, the commutator 20 comprises lamellae 22 with hooks 24 and lamellae 26 without hooks which are evenly distributed on the circumference and which are fastened on a base body 27 which has a bore 28 for the shaft 16. The hooks 24 are contacts for connecting the wires 18 of the armature winding. Instead of the hooks 24, other contacts can also be provided. For example, in the case of so-called slot commutators, instead of the flake there is a slot into which the wire 18 is inserted. The slot is then embossed.
Wie deutlich zu erkennen ist, haben die Lamellen 26 keinen Haken 24 für die Ankerwicklung. Es sind acht Lamellen 22, 26 und vier Kontakte vorgesehen. Es hat also nur jede zweite Lamelle 24 einen Kontakt; allgemeiner formuliert sind n Lamellen und m Kontakte vorgesehen, wobei m < n beziehungsweise n Lamellen und m Kontakte, wobei m = n / x, wobei x > 1.As can be clearly seen, the slats 26 have no hook 24 for the armature winding. Eight slats 22, 26 and four contacts are provided. So it has only every other lamella 24 has a contact; More generally, n slats and m contacts are provided, where m <n or n slats and m contacts, where m = n / x, where x> 1.
Schließlich sind noch Kontaktbrücken 30 vorgesehen, über die Lamellen 22 mit Haken 24 und Lamellen 26 ohne Haken 24, die gleiches elektrisches Potential haben, miteinander verbunden sind. Der Einfachen halber ist nur eine Kontaktbrücke 30 dargestellt In der Regel ist die Anzahl der Lamellen n gleich der Anzahl der nicht dargestellten Ankernuten. Bei einem 4-pohgen Elektromotor 10 würden dann n/2 Kontaktbrücken 30 zwischen je zwei um 180° gegenüberliegenden Lamellen 22, 26 eingesetzt. Die Drähte 18 der Ankerwicklung werden dann an dem - m diesem Fall direkt gegenüberliegenden - Haken 24 mit dem gleichen elektrischen Potential kontaktiert. An diesem Haken 24 werden damit dann mindestens zwei Schlaufen der Drähte 18 kontaktiert. Bei einem 4-pohgen Motor zum Beispiel ist es dafür notwendig, die Anzahl der Lamellen n nach n = (xt4)+2 auszulegen, mit x = 1,2,3 etc. Eine mögliche Auslegungsvaπante wäre damit em 4-pohger Motor 10 mit einem Anker 14 mit 18 Nuten und 18 Lamellen wobei nur 9 Haken 24 kontaktiert sind. Das gleiche Prinzip trifft auf Motoren mit höheren Polzahlen zu. Finally, contact bridges 30 are also provided, by means of which slats 22 with hooks 24 and slats 26 without hooks 24, which have the same electrical potential, are connected to one another. For the sake of simplicity, only one contact bridge 30 is shown. As a rule, the number of lamellae n is equal to the number of anchor grooves, not shown. In the case of a 4-pole electric motor 10, n / 2 contact bridges 30 would then be used between two mutually opposite slats 22, 26. The wires 18 of the armature winding are then contacted on the hook 24 - in this case directly opposite - with the same electrical potential. At least two loops of the wires 18 are then contacted on this hook 24. With a 4-pole motor, for example, it is necessary to design the number of fins n according to n = (x t 4) +2, with x = 1,2,3 etc. A possible design variant would be a 4-pole motor 10 with an anchor 14 with 18 grooves and 18 slats with only 9 hooks 24 being contacted. The same principle applies to motors with a higher number of poles.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kommutator (20) für einen Elektromotor (10) mit Lamellen (22, 26), mit Kontaktbrücken (30), über die Lamellen (22, 26) mit gleichem elektrischen Potential miteinander verbunden sind, und mit an Lamellen (22) angeordneten Kontakten (24) zum Anschluss von Drähten (18) der Ankerwicklung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nicht alle Lamellen (26) einen Kontakt (24) für die Drähte (18) der Ankerwicklung haben.1. Commutator (20) for an electric motor (10) with fins (22, 26), with contact bridges (30), via which fins (22, 26) are connected to one another with the same electrical potential, and arranged on fins (22) Contacts (24) for connecting wires (18) of the armature winding, characterized in that not all lamellae (26) have a contact (24) for the wires (18) of the armature winding.
2. Kommutator (20) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass n Lamellen (22, 24) und m Kontakte (24) vorgesehen sind, wobei m < n.2. commutator (20) according to claim 1, characterized in that n lamellae (22, 24) and m contacts (24) are provided, where m <n.
3. Kommutator (20) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 'dass n Lamellen (22, 26) und m Kontakte (24) vorgesehen sind, wobei m = n / x und x > 1.3. commutator (20) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that 'that n lamellae (22, 26) and m contacts (24) are provided, where m = n / x and x> 1.
4. Kommutator (20) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nur jede zweite Lamelle (22) einen Kontakt (24) hat.4. commutator (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that only every second lamella (22) has a contact (24).
5. Kommutator (20) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontakte (24) Haken sind.5. commutator (20) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contacts (24) are hooks.
6. Anker (14) für einen Elektromotor (10) mit einem Kommutator (20) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.6. armature (14) for an electric motor (10) with a commutator (20) according to any one of the preceding claims.
7. Elektromotor (10) mit einem Anker (14) nach Anspruch 6. 7. Electric motor (10) with an armature (14) according to claim 6.
EP04732936A 2003-07-14 2004-05-14 Commutator Withdrawn EP1647085A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10332016A DE10332016A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2003-07-14 commutator
PCT/DE2004/001008 WO2005008863A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-05-14 Commutator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1647085A1 true EP1647085A1 (en) 2006-04-19

Family

ID=34041878

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04732936A Withdrawn EP1647085A1 (en) 2003-07-14 2004-05-14 Commutator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1647085A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006526380A (en)
KR (1) KR20060032201A (en)
CN (1) CN1823463A (en)
DE (1) DE10332016A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005008863A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008062791A1 (en) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Mitsuba Corporation Dc motor
JP5009181B2 (en) * 2007-05-11 2012-08-22 アスモ株式会社 Short-circuit member, commutator, armature, and method for manufacturing short-circuit member
CN102195432B (en) * 2010-03-08 2015-01-07 德昌电机(深圳)有限公司 Motor and rotor thereof
CN101950905A (en) * 2010-09-19 2011-01-19 温州科奇比威自动化设备有限公司 Commutator segment of hook commutator
CN102005864B (en) * 2010-11-30 2012-08-01 中国计量学院 Series excited motor with reverser

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE749240C (en) *
DE881701C (en) * 1943-06-18 1953-10-19 Aeg Periodically operated contact device for mechanical converters
EP1073182A3 (en) * 1999-07-30 2003-11-05 Siemens Canada Limited Cross-linked commutator having additional parallel paths
DE10116182A1 (en) * 2001-03-31 2002-10-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Commutator for a multi-pole commutator motor and commutator motor equipped with it

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2005008863A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006526380A (en) 2006-11-16
DE10332016A1 (en) 2005-02-10
WO2005008863A1 (en) 2005-01-27
KR20060032201A (en) 2006-04-14
CN1823463A (en) 2006-08-23

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