EP1422481B1 - Ceiling mounted convector - Google Patents

Abstract

The room air (21) enters upwards through the horizontal entrance surface (14) into the convector's (10) heat-exchanger (11). Room air (22) is discharged from the heat exchanger via a surface (15) at right angles to the entry surface. The height (12) less than its width (13) of the heat exchanger. Air (23) is supplied through one or more air-distributor casings (18) and via nozzles (19).

Description

The invention relates to a ceiling convector with a heat exchanger of approximately rectangular cross-section, wherein room air enters through an inlet surface in the heat exchanger and exits from a surface perpendicular to the inlet surface of the heat exchanger.

Ceiling convectors are used to cool or heat indoor air. They are mounted in large rooms under suspended ceilings or - for example, in sales rooms - visible. Frequently, the supply of fresh air or preconditioned air is integrated into such an arrangement.

German Patent Application 197 18 487 A1 discloses a room air cooler, that is, a ceiling convector of the type described above, in which a fan is arranged horizontally next to the heat exchanger at the vertically oriented side surface, wherein the air enters through the vertical narrow side and over part of the upper , horizontally oriented top surface of the heat exchanger exits from this. It thus takes place within the housing of the heat exchanger, a deflection of the flow by about 90 °. With the positive guidance of the room air to be cooled caused by the blower in the direction of the greatest possible resistance to passage of the heat exchanger, a reduction in the height of the ceiling convector measured in the vertical direction is to be achieved.

Ceiling ventilation devices which are equipped with at least one preferably vertically arranged heat exchanger, which in turn flows through mainly horizontally, emerge from US 2002/007934 A1. The air emerging from the heat exchanger is deflected by means of nozzles in a vertical, downward-pointing direction and guided along a curved wall of the ventilation unit so that the air initially hugs the ceiling when exiting the ventilation unit.

EP 1 122 501 A1 describes a ceiling ventilation device which is attached at a distance from the ceiling. The warm rising air flows from below into a chamber of the ventilation unit and is sucked by nozzle generated negative pressure through heat exchangers. After exiting the heat exchanger, the air is diagonally upwards by means of the nozzles directed, so that the air coming out of the ventilation unit from below hits the ceiling.

Another device is known for example from German Utility Model 298 19 596. The ceiling convector presented there with a rectangular plan is equipped with two separate, arranged in the longitudinal direction of the convector heat exchangers whose height is significantly greater than their width. The air flowing vertically from below into the middle of the ceiling convector is deflected in a space between the heat exchangers and flows through them in a straight line horizontally to both sides. Above the heat exchanger and immediately adjacent to this there is also an air distribution box extending in the longitudinal direction of the ceiling convector with nozzles arranged laterally of the heat exchanger. Due to the supply air flowing from these nozzles, the air flowing out of the heat exchangers is in turn deflected and flows vertically below. Air baffles divert the outflowing air once more to both sides before leaving the convector through the outflow openings.

From the German Utility Model 296 09 754 a further design of a ceiling convector with a rectangular plan is known, which is equipped with a single, arranged in its longitudinal direction heat exchanger, the height of the heat exchanger is significantly less than its width. After entering the ceiling convector as in the device described above, the room air flows straight vertically from bottom to top through the heat exchanger. The air distribution box is arranged in this design in a space above the heat exchanger, the nozzles have on both sides obliquely downwards. The air flowing out of the heat exchanger room air is deflected by the incoming air flowing from the nozzles to both sides and leaves the convector through the discharge openings.

Common to the known devices is the relatively large height, which results from the straight flow through the heat exchanger. This constructive peculiarity impedes or prevents the installation of the known convectors in rooms with low ceiling heights, so that often has to resort to standing air conditioning devices. Apart from the required footprint on the floor, however, such devices are often unable to evenly air even large rooms. In addition, the near-ground outlet openings lead to undesirable draft effects.

task

The object of the invention is, in particular for use in rooms with low ceiling heights, to propose an alternative ceiling convector with significantly reduced height, with which not only the material costs of the convector itself, but also the overall construction costs can be reduced by lower false ceiling heights.

solution

Based on the device described above, this object is achieved according to the invention in that nozzles are arranged for the supply of supply air. On This way, the space lying behind the heat exchanger in the inflow direction can be omitted or at least significantly reduced in size.

Also, the supply of fresh air or conditioned air can be combined well with the device according to the invention.

The advantage of the reduced overall height of the ceiling convector will come into play, in particular, when the room air enters a horizontal area of the heat exchanger, preferably upwards. A particularly excellent design in this respect is equipped with a flat heat exchanger whose width is significantly higher than its height.

The guidance according to the invention of the flow of the room air can be realized both in bar and in cylindrical heat exchangers in ceiling convectors with a corresponding rectangular or circular plan.

The invention further ausgestaltend is provided to guide the heat transfer medium in lines through the heat exchanger having lamellae. In this way, the heat transfer between room air and heat transfer medium is substantially increased. The flow-through cross section of the heat exchanger can be significantly reduced while maintaining performance.

The flow guide according to the invention is achieved in that the flow is prevented by the surface opposite the inlet surface of the heat exchanger. This is particularly easy to construct by covering this area. It is also advantageous to only partially close the boundary surface opposite the entry surface or to provide a wall at a small distance from this surface. In particular, in the case of designs with a wide heat exchanger, a flow of room air is thus also achieved through the middle region of the heat exchanger.

The guidance of the room air according to the invention is achieved in a particularly simple manner by not closing vertical boundary surfaces of the heat exchanger to the entry surface are. However, an embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous in that these surfaces are closed at the ends facing the inlet surfaces. In this way it is prevented that a part of the ceiling convector flowing through the air flow does not flow through the heat exchanger or only over a very short distance.

With increased demands on the throughput of the room air, that is to increase the power of the ceiling convector, the device according to the invention can be combined with known devices that impart a flow to the room air. For this purpose, for example, one or more fans can be used.

It is possible to use an air distribution box arranged above the heat exchanger. The task of minimizing the height is again particularly well resolved when supply air is supplied via distribution boxes side of the heat exchange. To reduce the cost of materials, it is advisable to form nozzles for supplying fresh air directly to the distribution boxes or. Thus, the nozzles can be worked out, for example, by forming from the material of the walls of the air distribution boxes or

The reduction of the construction costs is also the use of a ceiling convector both for cooling and when needed for heating the room air. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if separate line systems are arranged in the same plate pack of the heat exchanger.

embodiments

Fig. 1

einen Deckenkonvektor mit einem auf der Oberseite des Wärmetauschers aufliegendem Luftverteilkasten mit senkrecht nach unten gerichtet angebrachten Düsen und bogenförmigen Luftleitblechen an der Austrittsöffnung,

Fig. 2

einen Deckenkonvektor wie in Fig. 1, jedoch mit einem freien Abstand zwischen der Oberseite des Wärmetauschers und dem Luftverteilkasten.

Fig. 3

einen alternativen Deckenkonvektor mit an der Oberseite abgedecktem Wärmetauscher, zwei seitlich unterhalb des Wärmetauschers angeordneten Luftverteilkästen mit schräg nach oben gerichtet angebrachten Düsen ohne zusätzliche Luftleitbleche, und

Fig. 4

einen Deckenkonvektor wie in Fig. 3, jedoch mit einem freien Abstand zwischen der Oberseite des Wärmetauschers und der darüber liegenden Raumdecke.

The invention will be explained with reference to several embodiments for different applications, which are shown diagrammatically in schematic cross sections. It shows

Fig. 1

a ceiling convector with a lying on the top of the heat exchanger air distribution box with vertically downwardly mounted nozzles and arcuate baffles at the outlet opening,

Fig. 2

a ceiling convector as in Fig. 1, but with a free distance between the top of the heat exchanger and the air distribution box.

Fig. 3

an alternative ceiling convector with covered at the top heat exchanger, two laterally below the heat exchanger arranged Luftverteilkästen with obliquely upwardly mounted nozzles without additional baffles, and

Fig. 4

a ceiling convector as in Fig. 3, but with a free distance between the top of the heat exchanger and the overlying ceiling.

A ceiling convector 10 with (as in the following embodiments) rectangular plan view is shown in Fig. 1 schematically in a cross section. It has a heat exchanger 11 with a rectangular cross-section, wherein the height 12 of the heat exchanger 11 is significantly smaller than its width 13. Broken lines (as in the following embodiments) open boundary surfaces of the heat exchanger 11. Within the heat exchanger 11 are (as also in the following embodiments) exemplified pipe cross-sections of the lines of the heat transfer medium.

Guided by the inner air baffles 17, room air 21 flows through an entry surface 25 formed by the lower horizontal boundary surface 14 vertically upward into the heat exchanger 11, is deflected within the heat exchanger 11 to both sides and flows through the exit surfaces 26, are formed by the lateral vertical boundary surfaces 15, out of this again.

Above the heat exchanger 11 is a extending in the longitudinal direction of the ceiling convector 10 air distribution box 18 is arranged with a rectangular cross-section, which closes the upper horizontal, the inlet surface 25 opposite boundary surface 16 of the heat exchanger 11. Within the Luftverteilkastens 18 (as in the following embodiment), a connection piece for the supply of the air distribution box 18 with supply air 23 is indicated.

At the projecting beyond the heat exchanger 11 sections of the air distribution box 18 vertically pointing down nozzles 19 are attached. The outflowing from the nozzles 19 vertically down incoming air 23 directs the approximately horizontally flowing out of the heat exchanger 11 room air 22 vertically downwards in the direction of the outlet opening 27 where the inner and outer baffles 17 and 20 imprint a horizontal component.

The ceiling convector 10 may be mounted in a suspended ceiling (not shown) such that the outer baffles 20 are flush with the underside of the suspended ceiling. The effluent from the outlet openings 27 of the ceiling convector 10 room air 24 then flows at least partially along the ceiling, which are avoided as unpleasant air flows.

The ceiling convector 30 shown in Fig. 2 differs from the embodiment 10 shown in FIG. 1 by a vertical distance between the upper boundary surface 36 of the heat exchanger 31 and the Luftverteilkasten 38. In addition to the lateral vertical boundary surfaces 35 of the heat exchanger 31 is here also the upper Limiting surface 36 to an exit surface 46 of the room air 42 from the heat exchanger 31. This variant allows for wide types of heat exchanger used a flow through the central region of the cross section and better utilization of the available heat output. In addition, the lateral vertical boundary surfaces 35 of the heat exchanger 31 are closed at the Einströmfläche 45 zugewanden sides. By this constructive measure prevents a portion of the ceiling convector 30 flowing through the air flow through the heat exchanger 31 only on a very short distance.

The ceiling convector 50 shown in Fig. 3 is an alternative embodiment with a split in the longitudinal direction of the ceiling convector 50 Luftverteilkasten 58 with triangular cross-section. The two separate Luftverteilkästen 58 are arranged on both sides on the underside of the heat exchanger 51. The upper boundary surface 56 of the heat exchanger 51 is closed.

The room air 61 flows vertically upwards into the heat exchanger 51, wherein the walls of the air distribution boxes 58 directed toward one another also assume the function of the inner air baffles which are not present here. As in the above-described ceiling convector 10, the indoor air 62 is deflected inside the heat exchanger 51 and flows out of the heat exchanger 51 through the lateral vertical boundary surfaces 55. The supply air 63 flowing out of the nozzles 59 attached to the air distribution boxes 58 mixes with the room air 62 flowing out of the heat exchanger 51 as a result of induction and imposes a flow in the horizontal direction on it.

The ceiling convector 70 shown in FIG. 4 differs from the embodiment 50 according to FIG. 3 by a vertical distance between the upper boundary surface 76 of the heat exchanger 71 and the ceiling indicated in the figure. As with the ceiling convector 30 according to FIG. 2, here too, in addition to the lateral vertical boundary surfaces 75 of the heat exchanger 71, the upper boundary surface 76 also leads to an outlet surface 86 of the room air from the heat exchanger 71. Here, too, this variant allows a wide design of the heat exchanger 71 used Flow through the middle cross-sectional area and better utilization of the available heat output.

Claims (17)

1. A ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) having a heat exchanger (11, 31, 51, 71) having approximately rectangular cross-section, having nozzles (19, 39, 59, 79) for supplying fresh air (23, 43, 63, 83), wherein room air (21, 41, 61, 81) enters the heat exchanger through an entry surface (14, 34, 54, 74) and exits the heat exchanger from the surface (15, 35, 55, 75) perpendicular to the entry surface.
2. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to Claim 1, characterized by a horizontally oriented entry surface (14, 34, 54, 74) for room air (22, 42, 62, 82) into the heat exchanger (11, 31, 51, 71).
3. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that room air (22, 42, 62, 82) enters upward into the heat exchanger (11, 31, 51, 71).
4. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a cross-section of the heat exchanger (11, 31, 51, 71) whose vertical height (12, 32, 52, 72) is less than its horizontal width (13, 33, 53, 73).
5. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a rectangular outline.
6. The ceiling convector according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that lines for guiding heat conductor medium in the heat exchanger have lamellae.
7. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow of room air (22, 42, 62, 82) through at least one delimitation surface (16, 36, 56, 76) of the heat exchanger (11, 31, 51, 71) is entirely or partially suppressed.
8. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50) according to the preceding claim, characterized by at least one delimitation surface (16, 35, 56) of the heat exchanger (11,31,51) which is entirely or partially closed.
9. The ceiling convector (30, 70) according to Claim 8, characterized by a wall which is situated at a small distance to a delimitation surface (36, 76) of the heat exchanger (31, 71).
10. The ceiling convector (30) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that delimitation surfaces (35) of the heat exchanger (31) which are perpendicular to the entry surface (34) of the room air (41) are closed at the end facing toward the entry surface.
11. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a device, using which a flow may be applied to the room air.
12. The ceiling convector according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the device comprises one or more ventilators.
13. The ceiling convector (10, 30, 50, 70) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that fresh air (23, 43, 63, 83) may be supplied through one or more air distribution boxes (18, 38, 58, 78).
14. The ceiling convector according to the preceding claim, characterized in that nozzles for supplying fresh air are molded onto walls of air distribution boxes.
15. The ceiling convector (50, 70) according to at least one of Claims 14 through 17, characterized in that the direction of the flow of the supplied fresh air (63, 83) is at an angle to the inflow direction of the room air (61, 81) into the heat exchanger (51, 71).
16. The ceiling convector according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger has hydraulically separated line systems for guiding heat exchanger medium usable for cooling and/or heating the room air.
17. The ceiling convector according to the preceding claim, characterized in that hydraulically separated line systems are situated in the same lamellae assembly of the heat exchanger.

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