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EP1488021B1 - Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung eines gussstücks aus aluminium-legierung, und gussstück - Google Patents

Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung eines gussstücks aus aluminium-legierung, und gussstück Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1488021B1
EP1488021B1 EP03730296.5A EP03730296A EP1488021B1 EP 1488021 B1 EP1488021 B1 EP 1488021B1 EP 03730296 A EP03730296 A EP 03730296A EP 1488021 B1 EP1488021 B1 EP 1488021B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
range
temperature
casting
duration
temperature range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03730296.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1488021A2 (de
Inventor
Philippe Meyer
Denis Massinon
Virginie Jacquet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montupet SA
Original Assignee
Montupet SA
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Filing date
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Publication of EP1488021A2 publication Critical patent/EP1488021A2/de
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Publication of EP1488021B1 publication Critical patent/EP1488021B1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the heat treatment of aluminum-based and silicon-containing casting alloys, as well as the resulting molded parts.
  • Aluminum-based casting alloys have different families of compositions, most of which are capable of structural hardening by heat treatment.
  • All these alloys are widely used for the mass production of automotive components, for example cylinder heads subjected to very high loads in service. In order to maximize the mechanical properties of these alloys, it is customary at least for the most severe stress cases, to perform a heat treatment having a dissolution and quenching, followed by a structural hardening income.
  • a disadvantage of this type of treatment is that it can make the alloy extremely difficult to machine, and in particular in the case of alloys with structural hardening having no or little copper (typically at levels less than or equal to 1 %).
  • machining of very thin threads eg cylinder head injector threads for diesel engines
  • long, small diameter holes or deburring of machined surfaces can be problematic (non-fragmentable burrs difficult to remove). by brushing for example).
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and to make it possible to obtain foundry pieces having a good compromise between the intrinsic performances which are required of them, in particular as regards resistance to different types of stresses, and their aptitude for machining and deburring after machining.
  • the present invention provides an aluminum-based alloy casting according to claim 7.
  • a heat treatment according to the invention is carried out by a two-stage solution solution.
  • a first step is performed in a range of high temperatures, that is to say in the usual temperature range of dissolution of the alloys considered that the skilled person will define according to well known references.
  • this first temperature is between about 510 ° C and 550 ° C, preferably between about 520 ° C and 540 ° C, and more particularly around 530 ° C .
  • this temperature will be lower, for example between about 475 ° C and 515 ° C, and preferably around 495 ° C for copper contents of 2 to 3% by weight.
  • this first step is limited to durations of the order of 1h to 4h, preferably 1h to 2h, knowing that an extension of this plateau does not lead to significant improvements in the final properties of the material.
  • This first stage is followed by a second level of dissolution in a second lower temperature range.
  • this second temperature range is between about 455 ° C. and 485 ° C., preferably between about 460 ° C. and 480 ° C., and more preferentially around 465 ° C. C (it being specified that for an alloy with a copper content of 2 to 3% by weight, this second temperature range will advantageously be between 425 ° C. and 455 ° C., and more preferably around 450 ° C.).
  • the second temperature range is about 8 to 14% lower than the first temperature range.
  • the duration of this second step is of the order of 1h to 5h, preferably 1h to 3h. Indeed, it appears that extending the residence time at this second level does not bring significant changes to the final properties, and so again it is economically more interesting to reduce this time.
  • the cooling between the two dissolution stages is carried out so as to progressively move from the highest temperature to the lowest temperature in a time of between 30 minutes and 3 hours 30 minutes.
  • this time is between 1 hour and 2 hours 30 minutes.
  • quenching is applied according to the usual conditions, for example quenching with water.
  • an income is made to develop the hardening precipitation of the alloy.
  • This income can be chosen in the usual ranges of temperature and duration; Depending on the desired properties, it may be a sub-income, an income at the peak of resistance or an over-income.
  • the temperature of the second dissolution stage makes it possible to ensure that the tensile properties of the alloy thus treated decrease by about 10 to 40%, and preferably by approximately 15 to 35%, with respect to the properties that would be obtained with a single dissolution at the first temperature and for a duration equal to the cumulative durations of the two stages (includes the cooling phase of the first stage to the second stage), and keeping the same conditions of quenching and income.
  • this two-stage solution dissolution very significantly reduces the residual stresses present in the part after the end of the heat treatment. This can have advantages significant on the holding of parts, including cylinder heads of combustion engines, very heavily solicited.
  • a heat treatment is now carried out on an identical cylinder head, instead of the known heat treatment, comprising dissolving at a first temperature level of 530 ° C. for 2 hours and then at a second stage of 465 ° C. for 2 hours. , leaving 1 hour to the load to go from the first temperature to the second, then quenching with water at 90 ° C and a 5 hour income at 200 ° C.
  • the mechanical characteristics of the material become the following: Tear resistant 231 MPa (-32%) Yield strength at 0.2% deformation 207 MPa (-30 %) Plastic stretching 4.64% (+114%) Brinell hardness 90 (-20%) Quality index 331 MPa (-15%)
  • the breaking strength, the yield strength and the hardness, with the treatment according to the invention decrease from 20 to 32%. This decrease is in favor of a very strong increase in plastic elongation (that is to say elongation at break) (+ 114%).
  • the heat treatment according to the present invention reveals the presence of silicon globulized by high temperature dissolution, as illustrated by FIG. figure 2 drawings, while obtaining the reduction of resistances or hardness compared to the setting in conventional solution.
  • the dissolution at 530 ° C was carried out for 2 hours, and the dissolution at 450 or 400 ° C as the case required was for 3 hours, with a duration of 90 or 120 minutes to reach the second temperature.
  • the two-stage solution heat treatment according to the invention was carried out, as well as a solution with a single bearing at the temperature of 465 ° C. ° C.
  • the stay at high temperature causes the silicon to globulate, as shown by the figure 3
  • there is no globulization as shown in figure 4 .
  • the mechanical characteristics are also affected by the type of dissolution performed, being better after a two-stage solution dissolution.
  • the continuous line trajectory T1 shows the evolution of the torque (breaking strength, elongation) as a function of the second temperature of a two-stage solution solution
  • the T2 line shows the evolution of the same characteristics as a function of the temperature of a single-stage solution solution
  • the dotted line trajectory T3 for its part shows the evolution of the torque (elastic limit, elongation) as a function of the second temperature of a two-stage solution solution
  • the dotted line trajectory T4 shows the evolution of the same characteristics as a function of the temperature of a single-stage solution solution.
  • FIG 5 shows, by the relative positions of the curves T1 and T3 with respect to the curves T2 and T4, respectively, that a treatment of dissolution in solution with two stages has a compromise resistance / elongation with rupture superior to the same material subjected to a heat treatment at a single level, regardless of the temperature level of this single stage.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Gussteils aus einer Legierung aus Aluminium, Silizium und Magnesium, mit geringem Kupfergehalt von höchstens 1 Gew.-%, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die nachfolgenden Schritte umfasst:
    (a) Lösungsglühen des Teils in einem ersten Temperaturbereich zwischen 510°C und 550°C, vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 520°C und 540°C für eine erste Zeitdauer,
    (b) allmähliches Abkühlen des Teils bis auf eine zweite Temperatur in einem zweiten Temperaturbereich, der unter dem ersten liegt,
    (c) Fortsetzen des Lösungsglühens des Teils, indem es in dem zweiten Temperaturbereich zwischen 455°C und 485°C, vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 460°C und 480°C für eine zweite Zeitdauer gehalten wird,
    (d) Abschrecken des Teils, und
    (e) Anlassen des Teils.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Temperaturbereich so ausgewählt ist, dass die behandelte Legierung eine Zugfestigkeit aufweist, die um etwa 10 % bis 40 %, vorzugsweise um etwa 15 % bis 35 % gegenüber der Zugfestigkeit vermindert ist, die mit einem einzigen Lösungsglühen in dem ersten Temperaturbereich und für eine Zeitdauer gleich der ersten und der zweiten Zeitdauer zusammengenommen erreicht werden würde.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Temperaturbereich um etwa 8 bis 14 % geringer als der erste Temperaturbereich ist.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Zeitdauer zwischen etwa 1 h und 4 h, vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 1 h und 2 h beträgt.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Zeitdauer zwischen etwa 1 h und 5 h, vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 1 h und 3 h, beträgt.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zeitdauer von Schritt (b) länger oder gleich etwa 0 h 30 ist und vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 1 h und 2 h 30 beträgt.
  7. Gussteil aus einer Legierung auf Basis von Aluminium, Silizium und Magnesium und gegebenenfalls Kupfer, insbesondere mit einem Kupfergehalt von höchstens 1 Gew.-%, mit verbesserter Zerspanbarkeit, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aufweist:
    - eine Zugfestigkeit von zwischen 220 Mpa und 300 Mpa,
    - eine Elastizitätsgrenze bei 0,2 % Verformung von zwischen 170 Mpa und 270 Mpa,
    - eine Brinell-Härte von zwischen 75 und 110.
EP03730296.5A 2002-03-20 2003-03-20 Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung eines gussstücks aus aluminium-legierung, und gussstück Expired - Lifetime EP1488021B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0203530A FR2837501B1 (fr) 2002-03-20 2002-03-20 Procede de traitement thermique de pieces de fonderie en alliage a base d'aluminium, et pieces de fonderie presentant des proprietes mecaniques ameliorees
FR0203530 2002-03-20
PCT/FR2003/000887 WO2003078674A2 (fr) 2002-03-20 2003-03-20 Procede de traitement thermique de pieces de fonderie en alliage a base d'aluminium

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1488021A2 EP1488021A2 (de) 2004-12-22
EP1488021B1 true EP1488021B1 (de) 2014-01-15

Family

ID=27799142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03730296.5A Expired - Lifetime EP1488021B1 (de) 2002-03-20 2003-03-20 Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung eines gussstücks aus aluminium-legierung, und gussstück

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7776168B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1488021B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2003240929A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2837501B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003078674A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6743132B2 (ja) 2015-04-28 2020-08-19 コンソリデイテット エンジニアリング カンパニー，インコーポレイテッド アルミニウム合金鋳造物を熱処理するためのシステムおよび方法
CN112522647B (zh) * 2020-11-16 2022-03-18 上海汽车变速器有限公司 含稀土铝硅合金高真空压铸高延伸率热处理方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4066476A (en) * 1976-08-11 1978-01-03 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Duplex process for improving the hot workability of aluminum-magnesium alloys
US6074501A (en) * 1999-06-28 2000-06-13 General Motors Corporation Heat treatment for aluminum casting alloys to produce high strength at elevated temperatures
JP2001316747A (ja) * 1999-08-31 2001-11-16 Asahi Tec Corp 非Ｃｕ系鋳造Ａｌ合金とその熱処理方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003078674A2 (fr) 2003-09-25
WO2003078674A3 (fr) 2004-04-01
US7776168B2 (en) 2010-08-17
AU2003240929A8 (en) 2003-09-29
FR2837501A1 (fr) 2003-09-26
US20050217771A1 (en) 2005-10-06
EP1488021A2 (de) 2004-12-22
FR2837501B1 (fr) 2005-01-28
AU2003240929A1 (en) 2003-09-29

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