EP1476595B1 - Method for operating a drive assembly of a loom and shedding machine comprising divided drive technology - Google Patents

Abstract

A method achieves highly constant energy in the operation of a loom and shedding machine with separated drive technology, and ensures the run-up in one weft insertion for the loom and if necessary also for the shedding machine. The control arrangement controlling the electric motor drive of the loom and shedding machine includes a computer arrangement which, depending on machine and/or weaving technical data, determines the applicable size of the moment of inertia of a non-inherent inertial mass with which at least the shedding machine is to be equipped, and the at least one non-inherent inertial mass is arranged in such a manner, so that the determined size of the moment of inertia becomes effective in the operation of the shedding machine.

Description

Known looms with a so-called electromotive direct drive, so a drive that is not separable from the main drive shaft of the loom during operation, have a performance that is clearly visible, inter alia, the widely varying weaving machine speed per weaving cycle.

To compensate for speed variations of the weaving machine DE-U 200 21 049.1 discloses a drive arrangement for a weaving machine and a shedding machine, wherein at least the main drive shaft of the weaving machine has an additional flywheel to compensate for the speed fluctuations. However, this additional flywheel has a negative effect on the acceleration process when starting the loom.
This is particularly problematic for high-speed applications where the run-up for the weaving machine to ensure the quality of the fabric is required "in one shot", ie the dynamics of the first sheet stop must match that of the following sheet stops. If an additional flywheel mass has to be accelerated, this quickly increases the drive power to be installed to an extent that is no longer economically justifiable.

In other weaving machines with electromotive direct drive is dispensed with a flywheel connected to the main drive shaft in order not to delay or aggravate the acceleration process when starting the loom.
The waiver of an additional flywheel leads, however, as already stated above, to significant speed fluctuations per weaving cycle.
To compensate for the speed fluctuations, it is obvious to influence the fluctuations in the speed of the electric motor drive by appropriately controlling or regulating the supply of electrical energy.
However, such influences lead to significant loads on the drive train of the weaving machine and the shedding machine. In addition, such a speed compensation does not lead to a mode of operation with constant energy; the current heat losses and loads for motor and power electronics are very high.

From DE-U 200 21 049.1 it is also known to separate the loom and the shedding machine in terms of the drive technology, ie the main drive shaft of the Weaving machine and the drive shaft of the shedding machine at least each assign an electric motor drive. This has the advantage that a rigid synchronization between loom and shedding machine is no longer available; At any time, it is therefore fundamentally possible, in accordance with the needs of the web, to make the coordination of the operating behavior of the weaving and shedding machine flexible, ie to select the synchronicity of both drive systems with regard to basic tuning (eg technical closure at which weaving machine position angle) and with regard to the permissible tolerances within wide limits.
However, this wide-ranging arbitrary design of the drive synchronicity in turn leads to significant loads on the drive train of the weaving and / or shed forming machine; as well as the necessary control or regulation effort, the current heat losses and loads for engine and power electronics are very high. These disadvantages are further compounded by the fact that the loads for the electromotive drive of the shedding machine depend on the movements of the shingling means (shafts, blanks), ie are dependent on the weave pattern or are generally web-application-dependent.

Now be eliminated by the elimination of the previously rigid coupling between weaving and shedding machine but influences on the tuning of the performance of both machines so that the so-called shot entry window, based on the respective operating speed, as large as possible and / or shot by shot in its duration and / or Development (ie how it opens or closes) reproduces as accurately as possible.
Quite significantly, this requirement occurs in rapier looms, where a poorly matched to the weft insertion window gripper barrel, for example, leads to the fact that the gripper enter the tray at the right time, but leave it too late. Thus, the gripper heads and / or gripper bars rub against the warp threads of the already re-closing compartment. This can heat the heads or rods, but also the warp threads over charge. In addition, this pressing of the compartment by said gripper elements can create flaws in the tissue.

• eine hohe Energiekonstanz beim Betrieb der Web- wie auch der Fachbildemaschine zu erreichen, d.h. Stromverbrauch, Stromwärmeverluste sowie die Belastung für Leistungselektronik und Motor zu minimieren, zumindest aber erheblich zu verringern,
• die Einstellung der webtechnisch - nahezu - bestmöglichen Verhältnisse, betreffend Lage des Fachschlusses, Dauer des Schußeintragfensters, bezogen auf die Dauer des Webzyklus, Verlaufsentwicklung des Schußeintragfensters, unter Berücksichtigung von maschinen- und webtechnischen Daten zu ermöglichen und dies einschließlich des Falles stark unterschiedlicher Bewegung der Fachbildemittel innerhalb des Webrapports,
• die Schonung der Mechanik von Web- und Fachbildemaschine zu gewährleisten und
• den Hochlauf in einem Schuß für die Web- und bei Bedarf auch für die Fachbildemaschine sicherzustellen.

The object of the invention is, in looms and shedding machines with separate drive technology under the boundary conditions of an at least pointwise synchronous operation

• To achieve a high energy stability in the operation of the weaving as well as the shedding machine, ie power consumption, power heat losses and the burden on Power electronics and motor to minimize, or at least significantly reduce
• the setting of the webtechnisch - almost - best possible conditions, regarding location of the closure, duration of the weft insertion window, based on the duration of the weaving cycle, history development of the weft insertion window, taking into account machine and weaving technical data to allow and including the case of greatly different movement of the shedding means within the web report,
• to ensure the protection of the mechanics of weaving and shedding machine and
• To ensure the run-up in one shot for the Web and, if necessary, for the shedding machine.

Under pointwise synchronous operation is understood that the drive of the weaving and shedding machine web cycle is operated synchronously for weaving cycle in a predeterminable point. This point may be different from Web Cycle for Web Cycle.

The object is achieved in that a control device for controlling the electromotive drive of the loom and for controlling the electromotive drive of at least one additional flywheel having shedding machine has suitable computer means which, depending on machine and / or weaving technical data, the appropriate size of the mass moment of inertia determined the flywheel to be assigned and that suitable means are provided which allow the at least one additional flywheel mass to be set up so that the size of the determined moment of inertia in the operation of the shedding machine is effective.

Such additional, i. Although not inherent flywheels reduce the dynamics of the shedding machine, but the solution according to DE 100 53 079 the applicant provides the ability to start the shedding machine slower than the loom and shut down. By this degree of freedom gained, the installation of non-inherent centrifugal masses without or without significant increase in the drive unit is possible.

Thus, by a correspondingly large additional flywheel on the drive shaft, the speed fluctuations of the shedding machine, no matter how strong the movement of Fachbildemittel is to be kept very small. The gearbox of the shedding machine can be designed under the condition of speed stability on the drive shaft; In addition, the running curves of the weaving machine gear (for blade and gripper) can be optimized for this behavior of the shedding machine, so that the task is met with regard to weft entry. It can be based on the loom, a direct drive without additional flywheel.

• Anwendbarkeit des Lösungsprinzips auch auf Exzentermaschinen, denn der oft geforderte Hochlauf in einem Schuß ist möglich, da bei schwacher Fachbildemittelbewegung mit einer sehr kleinen zusätzlichen Schwungmasse ausgekommen werden kann (u.U. ganz ohne), ohne dass die Drehzahlschwankungen die Herstellervorgaben überschreiten; die Beschleunigung auf hohe Drehzahlen in einem Schuß ist so möglich.
  Bei stärkerer Fachbildemittelbewegung ist dann zwar eine zusätzliche Schwungmasse zur Begrenzung der Drehzahlschwankungen notwendig, jedoch reduzieren sich gleichzeitig die zulässigen Betriebsdrehzahlen, so dass der Direktantrieb den Hochlauf in einem Schuß jetzt auch mit der zusätzlichen Schwungmasse schafft.
• Bei den Fachbildemaschinen sind sogenannte Profile gebräuchlich - getriebemäßig gestaltete(r) Fachöffnung/Fachschluß in schärferer oder moderaterer Bewegung.
  Eine scharfe Bewegung vergrößert das Schußeintragsfenster, erlaubt jedoch nicht so hohe Betriebsdrehzahlen wie eine moderate Bewegung.
  Durch die Verwendung unterschiedlich großer Zusatz-Schwungmassen können verschiedene Profile erzeugt werden, d.h. es müssen nur die Zusatz-Schwungmassen getauscht oder verstellt werden, aber es muß nicht ins Getriebe eingegriffen werden.

A further improvement of the optimization criteria can be achieved by setting an additional flywheel mass for a shedding machine with a certain maximum possible shed forming movement. For example, in an electronic dobby machine, the bandwidth can not define shed-media movement up to and including shanks 1 through 6 in 1: 1 weave as "weak shed-media movement area". The size of the additional flywheel mass is determined so that with the strongest shedding movement (ie shafts 1 to 6 in 1: 1 binding), a given tolerance in the speed oscillation is not exceeded. The gearbox of the shedding machine can now either be designed according to the principle of constant speed or based on a defined speed oscillation on the drive shaft, which preferably corresponds to the average shedding means movement within the range "area of low shedding means movement". As an approximation, this mean shedding of the shed means in the example
the movement of the shafts 1 to 4 in 1: 1 bond correspond.
The running curves of the weaving machine gear (for blade and gripper) are adapted accordingly (see above).
If, for example, areas of medium-strength and strong shed-forming movement are defined, the level and course of the speed oscillation can be restored by installing larger flywheel masses as well as for the area of weak shedding movement. The gearbox of the shedding machine again finds the operating conditions to which it is designed, as well as the coordination with the running curves of the weaving machine gearbox is made as best as possible.
The advantages of using different sized flywheel compared to a permanently installed very large flywheel are:

• Applicability of the solution principle on eccentric machines, because the often required run-up in one shot is possible, since with weak shedding means movement can be done with a very small additional flywheel (possibly without), without the speed fluctuations Exceed manufacturer's specifications; The acceleration to high speeds in one shot is possible.
  With stronger shedding motion then an additional flywheel to limit the speed fluctuations is necessary, but at the same time reduce the permissible operating speeds, so that the direct drive now creates the run-up in one shot with the additional flywheel.
• So-called profiles are commonly used in the shedding machines - gear-shaped shed opening / shed closure in a sharper or more moderate motion.
  A sharp movement increases the weft insertion window, but does not allow as high operating speeds as a moderate movement.
  By using different sized additional flywheels different profiles can be generated, ie it must be exchanged or adjusted only the additional flywheel masses, but it must not be intervened in the transmission.

In a simple embodiment of the invention, therefore, the at least one additional flywheel of a first predetermined fixed size against another additional flywheel, which is of a second predetermined fixed size, to be replaced.

To avoid the time required for the replacement of the flywheel assembly time, a flywheel with variable or adjustable mass moment of inertia can be provided according to the invention, as is the subject of DE-patent application 101 61 789.5 of the Applicant.
The flywheel consists of a non-rotatably connected to the drive shaft of the shedding machine base body and at least two on the body relative to the rotational axis radially movable masses, wherein the radial position of the masses, for example during rotation of the flywheel by actuating means is variable.
The actuating means may be an integral part of the flywheel and include adjusting means which act directly or indirectly on the sub-masses.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the moment of inertia of the herein changeable or adjustable additional flywheel mass (s) between a minimum and a maximum continuously changed or adjusted depending on the performance of the shedding machine.

• Webmaschine
  • Typ (z.B. Greifer- oder Luft-Webmaschine)
  • Nennbreite
  • Art der Greifer, Greiferstangen; Greiferhub (bei Greifer-Webmaschinen)
  • Getriebedaten
• Fachbildemaschine
  • Typ (z.B. Greifer- oder Luft-Webmaschine)
  • Nennbreite
  • Anzahl und Anordnung der Fachbildemittel
  • Getriebedaten

Suitable computer means can automatically determine, for example, depending on machine and weaving technical data, the correct size of the mass moment of inertia of the additional flywheel mass (s) and preferably display this to the operator of the weaving machine in the loom control display.
As machine-technical data are to be called here in particular:

• loom
  • Type (eg gripper or air loom)
  • nominal width
  • Type of grippers, gripper bars; Gripper stroke (with looper weaving machines)
  • transmission data
• Shedding machine
  • Type (eg gripper or air loom)
  • nominal width
  • Number and arrangement of the shed forming means
  • transmission data

• Fachwinkel
• Fachschlußwinkel
• gewünschtes Profil (denn dies ist -s. Oben- nicht mehr fest an die Getriebedaten gekoppelt) oder stattdessen auch als Entscheidungsmöglichkeit für den Bediener.
• Optimierung auf höchstmögliche Betriebdrehzahl oder:
  • Optimierung auf längst-/größtmögliches Schußeintragsfenster oder:
    • Kompromiss aus beidem
    • Anzahl und Art der Kettfäden
    • Kettspannung
    • Webmuster
    • Betriebsdrehzahl(en)

As weaving technical data here are to call especially:

• multiple angle
• Warp closing angle
• desired profile (because this is -so-up not coupled to the gearbox data) or instead as a decision-making option for the operator.
• Optimization to the highest possible operating speed or:
  • Optimization on the longest / largest possible entry entry window or:
    • Compromise of both
    • Number and type of warp threads
    • warp tension
    • weave
    • Operating speed (s)

The adjustment of the additional flywheel mass (s) and / or the replacement of the additional flywheel mass (s) and / or the addition / reduction of the additional mass Flywheel (s) can be done manually or done automatically by suitable means.

The due to the additional flywheel (s) already on the transmission side well coordinated motion profiles of weaving and shedding machine have the result that the required control / regulation needs for weaving synchronization of both machines is significantly reduced, whereby the desired almost energy-constant operation of both machines is possible - and in turn keeps power consumption, power heat losses, and the load on power electronics and motor at a low level.

Claims (7)

1. Method for operating a drive assembly of a loom and a shedding machine, each having at least one rotational speed-variable electromotive drive, wherein the electromotive drive of the loom and the drive of the shedding machine are operated in the sense of an at least point-wise synchronisation relative to one another in continuous operation, i.e. weaving cycle for weaving cycle, wherein at least one co-rotating additional centrifugal mass of variable mass moment of inertia is allocated to at least the shedding machine and wherein a control arrangement is present at least for control of the electromotive drives, characterised in that the control arrangement has a suitable computer arrangement that in dependence on machine and/or weaving technology data determines the relevant magnitude of the mass moment of inertia of the centrifugal mass to be allocated, and in that suitable means are present that allow the at least one additional centrifugal mass to be set up so that the magnitude of the mass moment of inertia determined becomes effective in operation of the shedding machine.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that the determined magnitude of the mass moment of inertia is displayed in a suitable form.
3. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that setting up of the centrifugal mass is effected automatically.
4. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that setting up of the centrifugal mass is effected manually by exchange of one centrifugal mass for a different centrifugal mass.
5. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that preferably a flywheel having an adjustable mass moment of inertia is used as the centrifugal mass.
6. Method according to Claim 5, characterised in that the centrifugal mass comprises centrifugal mass segments, the radial positions of which are adjusted.
7. Method according to Claim 6, characterised in that the centrifugal mass or centrifugal mass segments are connected to a shaft of the shedding machine by way of suitable releasable connections.